W56HZV-17-C-L412_PowderHorn_PCOSigned.pdf

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W56HZV-16-R-L125 22-Mar-2017

b. TELEPHONE NUMBER

586-282-0073

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12:00 PM 27 Mar 2017

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SUCH ADDRESS IN OFFER

17b. CHECK IF REMITTANCE IS DIFFERENT AND PUT

BELOW IS CHECKED

TELEPHONE NO.317-842-0310

W56HZV9. ISSUED BY

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W56HZV-17-C-L412 31-Mar-2017

7. FOR SOLICITATION

INFORMATION CALL:

a. NAME

CPT SHAWN A. ADKINS

2. CONTRACT NO. 3. AWARD/EFFECTIVE DATE 4. ORDER NUMBER

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30b. NAME AND TITLE OF SIGNER 30c. DATE SIGNED 31b. NAME OF CONTRACTING OFFICER

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ADDITIONAL SHEETS SUBJECT TO THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS SPECIFIED.

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SOLICITATION/CONTRACT/ORDER FOR COMMERCIAL ITEMS

0010992525-0001

ARE NOT ATTACHED

27b. CONTRACT/PURCHASE ORDER INCORPORATES BY REFERENCE FAR 52.212-4. FAR 52.212-5 IS ATTACHED. ADDENDA ARE ARE NOT ATTACHED

Dawn Van Hulle / Contracting Officer

See Schedule $950,800.00

(BLOCK 5), INCLUDING ANY ADDITIONS OR CHANGES WHICH ARE

SET FORTH HEREIN, IS ACCEPTED AS TO ITEMS: SEE SCHEDULE

. YOUR OFFER ON SOLICITATION

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SMALL BUSINESS

17a.CONTRACTOR/ CODE 7KTR5 FACILITY

OFFEROR CODE

ARMY CONTRACTING COMMAND - WARREN (DTA)

6501 E. 11 MILE RD

WARREN MI 48397-500

GRINSLADE, THOMAS U

THOMAS U. GRINSLADE

10535 SCHOONER CT

INDIANAPOLIS IN 46256-9510

DFAS-INDY VP GFEBS

8899 E 56TH STREET

INDIANAPOLIS IN 46249-3800

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13a. THIS CONTRACT IS A

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TION UNLESS BLOCK IS

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14. METHOD OF SOLICITATION

RFQ IFB RFPX

ARMY CONTRACTING COMMAND - WARREN (DTA)

CPT SHAWN ADKINS

CCTA-HSN-N/MS 350

SHAWN.A.ADKINS4.MIL@MAIL.MIL

WARREN MI 48397-5000

MR. THOMAS U. GRINSLADE

THOMAS GRINSLADE

10535 SCHOONER COURT

INDIANAPOLIS IN 46256

FAX:

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VETERAN-OWNED

SMALL BUSINESS

8(A)

HUBZONE SMALL

BUSINESS

SIZE STANDARD:

$27,500,000

NAICS:

712110

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OFFER DATED

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DELIVER ALL ITEMS SET FORTH OR OTHERWISE IDENTIFIED ABOVE AND ON ANY

COPIES TO ISSUING OFFICE. CONTRACTOR AGREES TO FURNISH AND

EMAIL: dawn.m.vanhulle.civ@mail.mil

586-282-7243TEL:

31c. DATE SIGNED

31-Mar-2017

SEE SCHEDULE

SCHEDULE OF SUPPLIES/ SERVICESITEM NO. QUANTITY UNIT UNIT PRICE AMOUNT

24.22.21.19.

WOMEN-OWNED SMALL BUSINESS (WOSB)

ELIGIBLE UNDER THE WOMEN-OWNED

SMALL BUSINESS PROGRAM

EDWOSB

32g. E-MAIL OF AUTHORIZED GOVERNMENT REPRESENTATIVE

SOLICITATION/CONTRACT/ORDER FOR COMMERCIAL ITEMS

(CONTINUED)

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ACCEPTED, AND CONFORMS TO THE CONTRACT, EXCEPT AS NOTED: ______________________________________________________

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FINAL

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PARTIAL

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41a. I CERTIFY THIS ACCOUNT IS CORRECT AND PROPER FOR PAYMENT

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42b. RECEIVED AT (Location)

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STANDARD FORM 1449 (REV. 2/2012) BACK

Prescribed by GSA – FAR (48 CFR) 53.212

AUTHORIZED FOR LOCAL REPRODUCTION

PREVIOUS EDITION IS NOT USABLE

SEE SCHEDULE

20.

SCHEDULE OF SUPPLIES/ SERVICES

21.

QUANTITY UNIT

22. 23.

UNIT PRICE

24.

AMOUNT

19.

ITEM NO.

W56HZV-17-C-L412

Section SF 1449 - CONTINUATION SHEET

ITEM NO SUPPLIES/SERVICES QUANTITY UNIT UNIT PRICE AMOUNT

0001 $0.00 Grinslade Powder Horn Collection

FFP

Powder Horn Collection, which includes historic artifacts from the time period 1709 thru 1783. The purchase includes several different styles/types of historic powder horns that have been used by various individuals throughout the 18th century. Some examples include: Daniel Tuttle’s powder horn used during the French and Indian War, 1755; John Ball’s horn utilized during Queen Anne’s War, 1709, also the oldest dated powder horn with American military significance; and Ephram Derthick’s powder horn which includes details of the Siege of Boston and was made in Roxbury in 1775. There are a total of 69 different powder horns included in the Grinslade Powder Horn Collection.

See attached Statement of Work for required items.

FOB: Other SHIP VIA: Customer Pickup/Customer's Expense

NET AMT $0.00

ITEM NO SUPPLIES/SERVICES QUANTITY UNIT UNIT PRICE AMOUNT

0001AA 1 Each $950,800.00 $950,800.00 Powder Horn Collection

FFP

Sub CLIN 0001AA is attached in order to fund CLIN 0001.

Please see Statement of Work (SOW) for breakdown and more detailed description.

For invoicing instructions see clause 252.232-7006 Wide Area Workflow Payment Instructions.

FOB: Other

PURCHASE REQUEST NUMBER: 0010992525-0001

SHIP VIA: Customer Pickup/Customer's Expense

NET AMT $950,800.00

ACRN AA

CIN: GFEBS001099252500001

$950,800.00

STATEMENT OF WORK

STATEMENT OF WORK

FOR

US ARMY CENTER OF MILITARY HISTORY

GRINSLADE POWDER HORN COLLECTION

1.0 Requirements

Item Provenance Inscription Description/ History

1 John Ball FORT ENGOLDSBY/ avG 29: 1709: JOHN Ball FORT Ann/ September. 25..1711/

James H……..1730

Oldest dated powder horn with American military significance. Discovered in an old home in West Have, CT.

Inscription contains 2 names, 2 forts and 3 dates. The last line was added at a later date in a different style. Queen Anne's War, Fort Ingoldsby and Fort Anne were key locations. 1709: Col. Nicholson led 1500 men from Albany to Montreal in May, during which Fort Ingoldsby was constructed along with 3 others. The fort was later burned during the summer and expedition abandoned in September.

1711: Col. Nicholson builds Fort Anne on Wood Creek (former Fort Schuyler). Expedition abandoned after naval failure on St. Lawrence River. Both attempts stalled for months on their way to Canada sparing time for soldiers to carve. L: 14", D: 2.75", 3 wooden pegs.

2 Saint George's Fort

S George's Fort/ Fbr ye 29th 1724/ July ye 22d

St. George's Fort, Thomaston, ME. Picture depicts, fort, Indians, in canoes, birds, horses, ships and 5 people on a hill waving a flag. Latter image may depict a report from July 21, 1724 "The Indians were on the backside of the Garrison with a Flag of Truce. " Horn descended through Westcoat Family of Taunton, MA, who trace lineage to pre‐rev days. Fort construction began in 1719 and use continued through 1762 when the property was auctioned. The February date appears in a cartouche with the initials "WC" which may stand for William Canady, who was the commander in 1724.

The July date corresponds with one of the Indian attacks on the fort that was a naval assault up the St. George's River by Indians who assembled a 22 boat and canoe flotilla. L: 18", D: 3", 5 wooden pegs.

3 Daniel Tuttle Daniel Tuttle HIS POWTHER HORN: 1727 IN/ THE First YEAR OF Ye RAIN OF OUR SOVORON/ LORN KING GEORGE Ye 2nd/

HO CAN fEA ONE LIKETH A FIGURE/

DRAWN UPON A HORN

Daniel Tuttle is a common name. Two instances of such name appear in Rolls of Connecticut Men in the French and Indian War in the 1755 campaign. Records for the 1727 campaign are not available. L: 12" D: 2.75", 4 wooden pegs.

4 Peter Perit PETER PERIT HIS HORN 1734 Horn is pre‐King George's War. Inscription created with dots, not lines. Muster rolls of 1755 (in Rolls of Connecticut, lists a Peter Perit in Capt. Buckingham's Seventh Company of the Fourth Regiment, though this is 21 years later than the inscription. A second Perit is in the Connecticut records of the Revolutionary War "Capt. Peter Perit, of Milford, in Col.

Webb's Regt. '76" served at the garrison at Fort Washington, on New York Island, taken prisoner on Nov. 16, 1776. This is possible the carver who made captain 42 years after the inscription. L: 13",. D" 3", 6 wooden pegs.

5 CW Horn C W 1744 Fully covered in geometric designs and stylized plants, including deer, and turkey near the spout. 1" band around base end contains a series of heart shaped designs in which are inscribed the initials and date. Base plug has initials carved in to it as well. Green colored cow horn. L: 15" D:

2.75", 5 Wooden pegs

6 John Gilason John Gilason/ 1745/ JG Dark green horn, decorative band around butt end containing owner's name and date. Faint outline of sailing ship. Base plug has carved initials. The "G" is carved upside down each time the owner carved his initials. Owner's military records have not been found. The major expedition of the time was the taking of Louisberg, the "Gibraltar of America" by English and Colonial troops. Militia troops on the expedition were from MA, RI, NH, CT, NJ, PA and NY L: 15", D: 3.25", 4 wooden pegs.

7 17456 F B/ 17456/ LH Markings in addition to inscription include three fish, a decorative border around the base and a bird that is identical to the one carved on the Joseph Senter horn (1738). Initials "LH" appear twice on the horn and once on the base‐plug, suggesting they are from the early use of the horn (last 3 months of 1745) and the horn was in continued use during the Revolutionary War with a member of the Bagnall family.

Small piece of paper found inside the horn reads "This powder horn was carried by the Grandfather of Frederick Bagnall of Kingston Mass in the Revolutionary War. George H. Bagnall presented the horn to me in Oct 1895/ HF Copeland Feb 5 1896" Bengall's records have not been located. L: 10". D" 2.75", 10 wooden pegs.

8 Gersham Biglow

GERSHAM BIGLO his Horn/ 1746 Very plain, typifies early horns from King George's War. No records have been found about the identity of the soldier. L:

15", D: 2.75", 6 wooden pegs.

9 Daniel Chaney

DANIEL CHANEY/ 1746 Inscription is an inch high, includes a church and stylized flowers covering the horn. Plants drawn with long narrow leaves are common during this period. Accompanying the horn is a militia list that reads, "A True List of the First Company in the Train Band in the Town of Weis under the command of Lieut. Col. John Henry taken his 27th Day March 1757" The list contains the name Daniel Chaney. L: 11", D:

2.75", 5 wooden pegs.

10 Joseph Bryant

Joseph Bryant his horn Castel William 1754/ 1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14/

Joseph Bryant his hio 1754/ Castel William

Only known horn from Castle William. Plug is also marked with initials "I. B." Nothing is known of Bryant's military career. Castle William began as the fort constructed by Gov.

John Winthrop in 1634 in Boston Harbor and renamed the later name in 1692. Still in use in 1765, British stamps were stored here. Destroyed upon British withdrawal in 1776 under the order of Gen. Howe. It was rebuilt in 1801 and named Fort Independence. L: 14", D: 3.125", 5 wooden pegs.

11 WS HOLA VIVAT ES LEBET DER KN/ 1756/ WS Dark green horn. Depictions of Germanic influence include a double‐headed Austrian bird and the banner with the Latin inscription, perhaps to indicate a foreign soldier serving with English forces; a British flag in the cartouche where the date and initials appear. Carvings are expertly done, covering the entire piece. Horn is decorated with figures of a horse, deer, turkey, winged female carrying a branch in one hand and an anchor in the other. L: 15", D: 2.75", 5 wooden pegs.

12 John Swaddel

JOHN SWADDEL HIS HORN/ 1756 Dark‐colored. Two‐masted ketch is shown with 2 rowboats manned by 4 sailors and a coxswain. Initials "IS" are carved on the base‐plug and the spout is detailed with an octagon section and raised ring. Reference to John Swaddle in Rolls of Connecticut as a drummer in Capt. Hierlithy's Company of the 1st Connecticut Regiment in 1762. Likely the same solider, spelling of name is nearly identical except the E and L are transposed. L: 16", D: 2.75", 7 wooden pegs.

13 Silas Numuk and Abriam

Isiks

SILAS NUMUCK/ JUNE THE 23 1756/ B

NOT NICE FOR U C/ HOW A FOOL YOU B//

ABRIAM ISIKS 1756/ LAKE GORG/ AT FORT

WHIL/LIAM HENRY

Horn contains carvings of 2 names, 1 poem, a boat and large house. Base plug is engraved with "SN." Listing of Silas Numuck in Massachusetts records showing he was a 33yr old private from Bridgewater who volunteered duty in John Loring's Company and Thatcher's regiment stationed at Fort Edward. Second name in a different style could possibly be a phonetic spelling for Isaacs however no Abraham Isaac was located. Following the defeat of French, Canadian and Indian forces in the Battle of Lake George on September 7, 1755 by Sir William Johnson's Colonia troops, a fort was constructed at the end of the lake. Horns from Fort William Henry are scarce because of its short existence 1755‐1757. Named in honor of 2 grandsons of George II, William, Duke of Glouster, and Henry, Duke of Cumberland. L: 14", D: 3.5", 5 wooden pegs.

14 Fort Newport

FORT NUWPORT/ 1771 Engravings include a heraldic symbol of a unicorn on top of a circle enclosing a wolf‐like animal; a square foot with diamond‐shaped bastions; a banner with the inscription which has a misspelling corrected with the insertion of an E over the U. The date 1771 appears to have been added by a different hand after the French and Indian War. Ft. Newport, named for Capt. Newport, built in 1756 as a square wooden stockade with corner bastions as shown. Protected the 3 mile portae called the "Oneida Carry" which connected Mohawk River to Wood Creek. L: 10", D: 2.5"; 5 wooden pegs.

15 Nathaniel Montague

NATHANIEL/ MONTAGUE/ of Sunderland

AD 1757

Fancy carved tip, butt end damaged, base plug missing.

Montague lived February 13, 1739 to August 7, 1757. He died during the siege of Fort William Henry. His great grandfather immigrated to America about 1647 from Buchinghamshire, England. His father, Deacon Samuel, was one of the first forty settlers of Sunderland, MA when he purchased Lot number

41. Across from the Montague home, Richard Graves own a house where the collector Allen Thompson purchased this horn at auction in 1980. The horn was found in the cellar of Graves' house. L: 10", D: 2.5", Base of horn damaged.

16 Benjamin Bellows

Benjamin Bellows Jun/ His Horn made at No4 August 30th 1757/ Tis Befit a broad with for gun foes to fight/ And not at home to feel their hateful spite/ Where all our friends of e'ery fex and age/ Would be

Expofed unto their cruel Rage

Attributed to Samuel Lounsbury. Engravings include a rhyme, individual's name, date, made at Fort Number Four and a floral design the length of the horn. The style of the letter carving, rhymes and floral design are very similar to those attributed to Lounsbury. Two brothers Benjamin Bellows Jr.

(age 17) and John Bellows (age 15) had powder horns carved for them in Fort Number Four in Charlestown in 1757. At the time, the brothers and their family were living in a wilderness cabin that their father, Col. Benjamin Bellows Jr. had constructed on his patent at what was to become Walpole, NH. The colonel had purchased a charter from Governor Wentworth in 1752 and joined the only other homesteader about a half a mile away. In 1755 an Indian attack drove the settlers south. Undoubtedly, the two brothers spent time at Fort Number Four in the company of soldiers and had the horns made for them at that time. Both horns by different hands dated 1757. The family Bellows originated from John Bellows who immigrated to America from England on the ship Hopewell in 1635 at the age of 12. Their origins trace from a Norman family who came to England with William the Conqueror named "de Belle Eau", which was anglicized to Bellows. In 1759, Benjamin Bellows Jr, 19yrs, relieved his father of the duties of town clerk of Walpole, which he held for 36yrs. Military achievements included starting as a corporal in the militia to serving in the Revolutionary War as captain in 1775, colonel of a New Hampshire regiment in 1780, general in 1781 and major general in 1789. He died in 1802 at 62. L: 17", D: 3", 5 wooden pegs.

17 Jeremiah Allen

IEREMIAH ALLEN/ HIS HORN FORT

EDWARD/ 1757/ IEREMIAH

Green colored horn; block lettering; initials carved into pine base plug. No military records uncovered with this name.

Thousands of troops were at Fort Edward following the British defeat at Fort William Henry in 1757 and he may be one of these. Fort Edward was located on the east bank of the Hudson River at the northern starting point to help protect the portage from the Hudson River to Lake George.

Name was changed from Fort Lyman to Fort Edward in 1755 to honor Edward Augusts, Duke of York. The fort was a central complex whose population swelled during the French and Indian War to as many as 16,000 people in the summers of 1757‐1759, making it the principal British military base in the colony. Of the distinguished units that saw service at Fort Edward was Robert's Rangers, who were quartered on Roger's Island across the river from the fort. L: 19". D: 3.125", 4 wooden pegs.

18 Gerald Chesney

GERALD CHESNEY/ FORT EDWARD/

OCTOBER Ye 27/ Take Not This Horn For Fear of Shame/ For on it Stands the owners Name/ 1757 IOSEPH RANDALL

Free‐calligraphy and floral design typical of the Lake George School of makers. Cartouche of King George II holding a scepter with a French soldier's head on it. A commonly used rhyme is inscribed on the base with the carver's name. The name "Gerald" was originally misspelled with an "A" and subsequently rubbed out and corrected with an "E" carved over it. The rest of the letters were darkened at this time.

The base is covered with a brass cap, perhaps after the wooden plug was lost. Randall's name is listed in 1758, 1759, 1761, and 1776 in the Connecticut Militia records; however, Gerald Chesney's record has not been found. Fort Edward lasted until 1775 when it was razed to prevent Burgoyne's army from using it on his expedition to Albany. L: 16", D: 3", 3 copper pin holes holding brass cap.

19 Moses Wright

Mofes Wrights/ horn Made/ At No 4 January/ ye 26 1758// When Bows and spears ware used in fight/ Tware Nervous Limbs Declared A man of Might/ But Now Gunpowder fcorns fuch strength To own/ And Herows Not BY Limbs But foules are fhown

In addition to the rhyme, the engraving features ranks of soldiers led by an officer carrying his musket at port arms and a soldier getting ready to light cannon. On the same line a fort is shown flying a British flag with crude X representing the cross of St. Andrews and on top of the fort seven cannons protrudes between crenulations. The next segment contains 9 houses, possibly representing the original 12 that were inside the stockade of the fort and following that a long floral arrangement with three attractive blossoms resembling tulip flowers. This rhyme also appears on 5 other horns made by Lounsbury that he carved at Lake George, Fort William Henry and Fort Edward. He was also stationed at Fort Number Four. The Connecticut Historical Society publication lists Moses Wright in 4 years of his service: 1755 in Lt. Col.

John Pitkin's Second Company of Maj. Gen. Phineas Lyman's First Connecticut Regiment; 1756 in Capt. James Harris's Fifth Company of Col. David Wooster's Second Connecticut Regiment; 1757 in Capt. Ephriam Preston's Thirteenth Company of Col. Phineas Lyman's Regiment; August 1757 detached and detailed to the company of Capt. Solomon Buel for relief of Fort William Henry. He reenlisted on November 14, 1757 in Capt. Reuben Ferris's Company of Rangers stationed at Number Four until discharged May 14, 1758. L:

14", 3"x2.75", 3 wooden pegs.

20 Joel Munger JOEL MUNGER HIS HORN Maid/ LAKE GEORGE July ye 29 1758

Around the body of the horn are 2 trees, one with a squirrel and one with 5 birds, several fish, 2 ships and various geometric designs. Joel Munger was born in East Parrish of Guilford, Connecticut in 1735. His father lived in Madison, Connecticut, where he was a member of the Colonial militia in 1748. The first Munger settled very early in present‐day Madison in 1651 ‐ an area in the city of Madison is still known as Mungertown. Actively engaged in the French and Indian War, Joel Munger served in 1757 in the Connecticut Militia under Capt. Solomon Buel on the alarm for the relief of Fort William Henry. In 1758 he served in the 4th Connecticut Regiment of Col. David Wooster under Capt.

McNeal and in 1759 in the 3rd Connecticut Regiment of Col.

Wooster under Capt. McNeal again. L: 12", D: 2.75", 7 wooden pegs.

21 Joel Munger Tinder

TINDER/ JOEL MUNGER/ MAYD FOR YE/

CAMPAIN/ LAKE GEORGE 1758

Figures on the horn include a large three‐masted ship flying the British flag, a group of barracks with the label "CAMP PURADE" and four round‐top Indian houses. This horn was made for Joel Munger at Lake George in 1758, the same Munger to which the previous horn belonged. It was unusual for a soldier to carry two horns. The small end of the horn has an opening about 5/8" to allow for the packing‐in and extraction of the tinder. Very few powder horns with enlarged spouts to store tinder are seen. It is reasonable that Munger carried two horns, one for powder the other for tinder. L: 11", D: 2.25", 4 wooden pegs.

22 William Mott William Motts Horn made/ August ye 29th AD 1758/ Made at Fort Cosby at/

Schonectady

Carvings depict a sloop surrounded by a border of vines and two cartouches containing the inscriptions. Extensive records illustrate a genealogical chart tracing ancestors back to 1334 when Thomas De La Mott left Normandy for the Colchester Area, Essex, England and subsequently immigrated to Plymouth Massachusetts on the Mayflower in 1620. Mott (1736‐1790?) served in the French and Indian War at Fort Cosby, later known as Fort Schenectady. In the Revolutionary War he was captain in Col. Jacobus Swartwout's Regiment of minutemen in 1775 and in 1776 attained the rank of major in Col. Swartwout's regiment in Brig. Gen. George Clinton's brigade that participated in the attack on Quebec in that year. The horn was obtained from Mrs. Ohl, the great‐great‐ great‐great granddaughter of Mott. Fort Cosby, named for Royal governor William Cosby, was renamed from the Indian "schenectida." In 1690 the Indian massacre at Schenectady killed 60 and destroyed the village burning 78 of 80 homes.

In 1705 a new fort was constructed with cannons mounted in blockhouses of the bastions, remodeled in 1735 and lasted 40yrs until the Revolutionary War. L: 16", D: 3.125", 4 wooden pegs.

23 William Mott Major William Mott, Duchess County NY

Sword, small, Rev War

24 Joseph Barlow

Joseph BARLOW/ HIS HORN SEPTEMBE/ R

THE 1 DAY 1758 MARKT/ AT THE LITTLE/

CARING PLAS TAK NOT/ THIS FOR FEAR

OF/ SHAM/ FOR HEAR YOU/ DO SEE THE

ONERS NAM

Possibly the only horn with sketches made by both Rufus A.

Grider and Robert M. Hartley. Barlow's military record has not been located. The horn was in the Nellis family of St.

Johnsville, NY for more than 100 years. Barlow carved the horn while stationed at Wolf's Rift or the so‐called "Little Carrying Place." It was a strategic location on the Mohawk River where soldiers were stationed to protect the settlers of German Flatts against surprise raids by French troops and Indians. These assaults were particularly severe in 1757 and 1758. L: 13", D: 2"x3.125", 3 iron pins.

25 William Powers

WILLIEM POWERS HIS HORN/ MAED AT

FORT MILLER SEPTTHE 6/ 1758

Powers served in the French and Indian War as a member of the 3rd Connecticut Regiment commanded by Col. Eliphalet Dyer, 3rd Company under Maj. Payson in 1755. In 1757 Powers enlisted in the militia company of Capt. John Carpenter for 8 days at which time they marched on the alarm for the relief of Fort William Henry. In 1758 Powers again joined the service enrolling in Capt. Benjamin Lee's Company, which was a part of the 3rd Connecticut Regiment commanded by Col. Eleazer Fitch. Fort Miller was located west of the Hudson River at the "Little Carrying Place." The palisade blockhouse was built in 1755 by Col. Samuel Miller 7 miles south of Fort Edward. L: 15", D: 3", 5 wooden pegs.

26 Moses Watkins

MOSES WATKINS HIS POWDER/ HORN

MADE AT FORT MILLER/ October/ 17th 1758 TAKE Not this horn For Fear of Shame for on/ it is the Owners/Name

Horns from Fort Miller are scarce and three other horns by the same maker carved while at Fort Miller are documented by Rufus Grider. This horn is attributed to Leond Hoar, whose name appears on one of the horns he carved for his brother Reuben Hoar. The Watkins horn contains large stylized letters "GR" very similar to that found on the Reuben Hoar horn in which the G and R are formed by double lines that intertwine and are surmounted by a crown. L: 16", D: 3x3.5", 5 wooden pegs.

27 Amass Yale Amass Yale His Horn Made/ At Lake George October the 18/ AD 1758 With/ Brother Ball A Hero Like/ Do Conquer All Steel not this/ Horn For Fear of Shame/ For on it is the Owners name:/ Make

Ready:/ present Fire

Yale is listed as a minute‐man from Wallingford, CT who answered the Lexington Alarm and served as a drummer during the siege of Boston in 1775. This may or may not be the same Amass Yale who served at Lake George in 1758 or it may be his son. Calligraphy depicts deer, a hunter, stylized flowers, 4 uniformed soldiers firing on another group of 4 soldiers, captioned with the inscription "Make Ready:

present Fire." Horn has a yellow body, scalloped edge leading to a dark 5" round neck containing a raised ring. L: 13" D:

2.5"x3"; 8 wooden pegs.

28 Thomas Throop

Fort S‐‐‐IX October 27 1758/ THOMAS THROOP is the Owner of THIS

Figures in this carving include a hunter with rifle, 2 deer, an owl and church. Initials "T.T" are carved on the base plug.

Although Throop is a commonly recorded colonial family name, the records of a Thomas Throop are not yet found in records from Fort Stanwix. Fort Williams, British built in 1746 on the Mohawk River was abandoned and destroyed in 1756.

A replacement erected in 1758 by Gen. Stanwix and so named. This strategic location between Lake Ontario and Albany is in present day Rome, NY. The fort was rebuilt in 1777 and renamed Fort Schulyer, playing an important role in the Revolutionary War. L: 13", D: 3", 10 wooden pegs.

29 Samuel Peck made at Onida Station November ye 1/ Samuel Peck 1758

Horn is surrounded with engraving including a rabbit, fox, outline of a fort, fish, and floral design. Soldiers from both MA and CT are listed in the French and Indian War, making identification difficult. The Royal Blockhouse (Oneida Station) was built in 1758 to protect the eastern Oneida Lake where Wood Creek emptied. L: 13", D: 2.75", 4 wooden pegs.

30 John Campbell

John Campbell/ Fecit Pictorial description of the British victory at Louisburg in 1758 includes a heart‐shaped cartouche with the name and Latin word. The view of Louisburg and harbor closely resemble the print Prospect of the City of Louisburg published in London in 1745. Details include the lighthouse, island battery, citadel, hospital, 5 French ships in the harbor, 10 British vessels maintaining a blockade. Admiral Boscawen's flagship is identified by his flag at the mizzen topmast head. The base of the horn has been trimmed slightly and a 3/8" wide brass collar applied to the inside of the horn for reinforcement. The inside of the spout is threaded for the insertion of a screw tip. There is no certain attribution to the owner John Campbell as this was a popular name for both British and American. Possibly attributed to John Campbell, Earl of Loudoun who was closely connected to the invasion of Louisburg. L: 17", 2.5"x3.5", 4 brass pins.

31 Samuel Gile SAMUEL GILE HIS horn Designs include 3 forts marked Stillwater, Saratoga, and Edward, and 2 sailing ships. Gile was from Hebron, CT and served as captain during the expedition against Canada in 1758. There was no known fort named "Fort Stillwater" in the town of Stillwater on the Hudson although there were 4 others at this location. Although Fort Stillwater and Saratoga did not exist during the French and Indian Wars, they are often shown on horns possibly because the maker was working from and old map. L: 16", D: 3", Missing 8 pegs.

32 Seth Eaton and

Benjamin Tubes

SETH EATON/ BENJANIN TUBES/ HIS

POUDER HORN/ LUENBVRG/ MAY 1759/

BEING IN CORN

"Being in corn" meant the owner had gunpowder and the expression referred to the making of gunpowder. In the 16th century the process was improved to make a superior granulated or "corned" product. Both soldiers were at Lunenburg, Nova Scotia a month after reenlisting in April 1759 as a part of the Colonia troops under the command of Jeffery Amherst for the offensive against Quebec. Though from neighboring towns (Middleboro and Berkley, respectively) there is no indication they met prior to enlistment. Eaton's career began in 1758 when he enlisted in Col. Doty's Regiment with Capt. Gamaliel Bradford's Company, which marched to Lake George. Tubes was first recorded in 1757 as a member of Capt. Ingersoll’s Company in Joseph Frye's Regiment on an expedition to Lake George.

After the Quebec campaign in 1759, both soldiers reenlisted in 1760 in Nova Scotia. Eaton later served in the Revolutionary War. L: 15", D: 3", 3 wooden pegs.

33 Zaccheus Higgins

ZACCHEUS HIGGINS HIS HORN MAY 1759/

ZACCHEVS Higgins HIS HORN/ HORN JVNE je 8/ 1759 At Annapolis Royall/ He/Was

Their When/ He ROT this

Dark green horn made to be used in the field, not as a souvenir. Initials "Z.H." are carved into the base plug.

Records in the Massachusetts archives reveal Higgens was a 31yr old private in Jabez Snow's Company of Col. John Thomas's Regiment and served at Annapolis Royal in 1759 and 1760. Annapolis Royal began with the colonization in 1605 by the French at the site they named Port Royal, Acadia on the Bay of Fundy. Samuel de Champlain and Pierre Dugua De Monys helped found Port Royal, the oldest continuing settlement north of St. Augustine, FL. The French moved Port Royal to the present site of Annapolis Royal in the 1630s and fought 7 battles for Port Royal with the British from 1613‐ 1710. In 1710 the British were successfully occupying the port and remained it Annapolis Royal for Queen Anne, and build Fort Anne in her honor. L: 16", D: 3.25", 5 Wooden pegs.

34 Moses Whelor

Srgn/ Moses Whelors horn made 1759/ lune 8

Engraving includes flowers, leaves and vines as well as the picture of a Queen Anne drop‐leaf table with 3 candle holders on it. The table probably denotes a Masonic emblem.

Moses Wheeler served 5 years. In 1746 he was at Fort Number Four as a private in Capt. Phineas Steven's Company, in 1747 in Lt. Col. William William's Company, in 1750 as a private at Fort Dummer in Josiah Willard’s Company, and in 1751 as a private again at Fort Number Four in Capt. Stevens' Company. L: 14", D: 2.5", 5 wooden pegs.

35 Samuel Burnham

HIS HORN/ SAMUEL BURNHAM/

ARUNDEL AUGUST y 28/ 1759

Floral decoration of vines appears along both sides of the carving. Burnham's record included service with Rogers' Rangers at the St. Francis Village massacre, fighting as a member of the Sons of Liberty at Bunker Hill, marching with Arnold to Quebec and participating at the Battle of Saratoga.

L: 15", D: 2.5"x3", 5 wooden pegs.

36 Benjamin Lowe camp crown point octo/ Ber the 16 Day AD 1759/ Benjamin Lowe/ his horn

Horn shows much use; the spout end is reinforced with twine and a pewter end cap has been cast over the tip for additional protection. The turned base plug may have been added at a later date. No information on Lowe's military service was located. Fort Crown Point was originally named Fort Amherst after Gen. Jeffery Amherst who constructed the largest fort in the colonies costing $10,000,000.00 L: 14", D: 3", 7 wooden pegs.

37 George Bunce

GEORGE BUNCE/ TIEONDEROGA NOU 20/

The maker of this horn was labeled "the Memento Mori Carver" because of his use of the phrase of many of his creations. This horn is covered with vine and leaf designs.

And contains the carver's signature semi‐circular double lines as a border around both ends of the body of the horn. Bunce is listed as a carpenter who was 5'6" with a dark complexion.

He enlisted 6 times from CT and died in a hospital during his last enlistment at 39. His terms include 1755 in the Ninth Company of Capt. Petti bone in the 4th CT Regiment of Col.

Elihu Chancy; 1756 in the 6th Company of Capt. Hitchcock in the 1st CT Regiment of Maj. Gen. Phineas Lyman; 1757 in Capt. Trumble's Militia Company; 1759 in the Tenth Company commanded by Capt. Humphrey in the 1st CT Regiment of Maj. Gen. Phineas Lyman; 1761 in the 1st Company under Maj. Gen. Lyman; 1762 sergeant in the 7th Company of Capt. Humpery in the 1st CT Regiment. Fort Ticonderoga, built by Gen. Amherst on the ruins of French owned Fort Carillion until destroyed in 1759. L: 13", D: 2.75", 4 wooden pegs.

38 Thomas Jones

Solomon’s Temple/ F * S/ Mr Thomas * Iones Surn

Engraved with a three‐story building with turrets identified as "Solomon’s Temple" indicating this is a symbol of Free Masonry. A four‐sided fort with bastions at each corner and letters "F * S" inside the fort stand for Fort Stanwix.

Additional engraved features are a large stag and a bird of paradise in a tree which fills the surface of the horn.

Additional features include engrailed carving at the throat and a ring with engrailed edges halfway to the tip. Tomas Jones was commissioned a s a surgeon to serve the 2nd Regiment of Ulster County, NY on 7 March 1759, 15 May 1760 and 6 April 1761. L: 13", D: 2.5"x2.75", 2 iron pins, 1 wooden peg.

39 Fort George FORT GEORGE/ L. George/ TICONDROGA/

CR. POINT/ FT NIAGARA/ L. CHAMPLN/

JC/ 1759/ 1759

Dark green color horn. The middle part contains "Fort George" while the lower part has the British Coat of Arms. A large sailing ship and floral design with "JC" on one leg and "1759" on another leaf indicate the owner's initials and date.

The throat is faceted with a wide band at one end and a raised ring at the other. The bulbous base‐plug may not be original to the horn, though with the horn for a long period of time. The site of Fort George served as a base fro three Colonial armies and a hospital during the Revolutionary War.

The fort was constructed by Gen. Amherst and named after George II. L: 19", D: 3.5", 6 wooden pegs.

40 Quebec PLAN OF THE CITY/ AND HARBOUR/ RIVER St LOWRENCE/ QUEBEC/ RIVERE DE St/

LOWRENCE

Horn commemorates the Battle of Quebec by showing ranks of British soldiers firing on French opponents and two warships firing on each other. Two detailed maps showing the outline of Quebec and the upper and lower parts of Quebec are engraved. The body of the horn is reduced for 2" at the butt end with an engrailed edge and at the spout with another engrailed edge. Two raised rings and a slightly oblique carved section ahead of the faceted tip are occasionally seen on other professionally prepared horns that may have been made in England. Very faintly scratched in the lower border is name once printed and then repeated in script, John Kit (?), possibly the owner. L: 12", D: 2.33", 3 wooden pegs.

41 Rebben Smith

REBBEN SMITH/ 12 APRIL 1760/ Wm C Lewis/ NORTH RIVER/ NEW YORK/ HALF

MOON/ STILLWATER/ SARATOGA/ FORT

MILLER/ FORT EDWARD/ ROYAL BLOOK‐

HOWS/ FORT GEORGE/ SOUTH BAY/ LAKE

GEORGE/ WOOD CREEK/ TICOND‐ROGA/

CROWN POINT/ LAKE CHAMPLAIN/

ALBANY/ SCHNANABY/ FORT HUNTER/ G.

W. IOHNSONS/ STON RABBY/ FORT

HENRY/ FORT HARKHAN/ GERMAN

FLATT/ FORT STANWIX/ WOOD CREE/

CANAD CREEK/ LAKE ONYD/ FORT

BRWTON/ SWEGO FALLS/ FORT

ONTARIO/ OSWEGO/ NIAGRA/ LAKE

ONTARIO

Extremely, finely detailed map showing the typical plan of the Hudson River from NY and Fort George to Crown Point on Lake Champlain and the Mohawk River from Albany to Fort Niagara on Lake Ontario. Royal British Coat of Arms is displayed along with the owner’s name and date. The tip of the horn was cut off and a brass charger affixed indicating later usage, possibly by Wm C Lewis whose name is lightly scratched on the horn. The figure of a fast‐striding warrior carrying a musket with a feather in his hand has been observed on other horns by the same artist. No record of Rebben Smith has been found, but there are three soldiers named Ruben Smith recorded in the French and Indian war from MA, CT, and NY. Horn belonged to Curtis Reider of Fulton, NY in 1937. L: 13", D: 2.5x2.75", 15 wooden pegs.

42 Captain Edward Brown (at

Fort Ticonderoga)

Capt. EDWARD BROWN/ HIS HORN MADE AT TICONDEROGUE/ JULY ye 28 28 ANO

1760/ OWER SHIP IS WELL RIGED AND

REDDY TO SAIL/ MAY THE HEAVENS

PROTECT HER/ WITH A PROSPERS GALE

Two faces, a rhyme and 3 sailing ships appear in the carving.

Faces are unusual to find on horns and this may depict Capt.

Brown and his wife. L: 13", D" 2.75", 4 iron pins.

43 Jonathon Barker Johnson

Jonathan : Barker : Johnson : His/ Horn :

Dated : At : Oswago : July : 14 : AD 1760/

Augt / 17 : legalette : Montreal :

September : yThe : 8/ ROBERT :

CAMERON/ Schonactaba Fort Stanbwix, and Albany

Engraving records the expedition led by Gen. Jeffery Amherst from Albany to Oswego and then down the St. Lawrence ro Montreal in 1760. The story begins with the name of 2nd Lt.

Johnson and lists the dates and places of his journey.

Jonathan Johnson record includes 1757 in Col. Lyman's 1st Regiment in the 10th Company of Capt. Whittlesey as a private; 1758 in the 7th Company of Timothy Hierlehey as a sergeant; in 1759 as a second lieutenant in the same company and in 1760 in the 8th Company as second lieutenant. The French named the area at the mouth of the Oswegatchie where it enters the St. Lawrence "La Galette" which is spelled on the horn as "legalette" L: 17", D: 3.25", 5 iron tacks.

44 William Corlile

William Corlile/ his horn Made at/ Oyleunox Octr 19: 1760

Horn is covered in vines and flowers. Base‐plug has an old label that says "Owned by/ CB Carlisle/ Northampton/Mass/" Fort Ile‐aux‐Noix, built by the French in 1759 was surrendered to the British in August 1760, renamed Fort Lennox. L: 11", D: 2.375"x2.75", 6 wooden pegs.

45 Philadelphia PHILADELPHIA Carved by the "Pointed Tree Carver" (despite their being no trees on this horn), the designs that include a lion and unicorn of the Royal British Coat of Arms, the hunter shooting at a deer and a horseback rider are his work.

Extreme detail in the shading at the lock and at the muzzle of the hunter's gun, representations of smoke and flowing lines of the deer and his antlers are similar features and figures carved by this artist. The banner "PHILADELPHIA" is over a picture of a large town with 6 ships in the river and a windmill in the foreground, with a fort next to the city. A map published in England originally in 1754 by Scull and Heap may have served as the source for the carving. The identity of the Pointed Tree Carver is unknown. L: 13", D:

2.875", 3 wooden pegs.

46 Folk Art Map SOBES ALBANY SNOSCHTEDY F SANSCHEN/ F HERENxMAN SCHErM F

STEINY SERADOK/ BULS ETWART

The city shown at the beginning of the trail up the Hudson River is the usual depiction of New York City with a windmill and Fort George at the harbor. Towns and animal names carved are spelled phonetically and include Espouse, Albany, Schenectady, Fort Johnson, Fort Herkimer, German Flats, Fort Stanwix, Saratoga, Fort Bull, and Fort Edward. Figures on the horn include six forts that are shown as squares with bastions at each corner and a hound chasing a rabbit, chasing a fox, chasing a deer and another hound pursuing a wolf.

Carved by an amateur, and noteworthy for its folk art representation and difficult‐to‐decipher spelling. Heavy wood base plug is old and has seen service, though may not be original to the horn. L: 12", D: 3", 4 wooden pegs.

47 James Doty JAMES DOTY/ Ye CAMP At/ ONYD LAKE/ MAR ye 1st 1761

The large cartouche contains information signifying the owners stay at Oneida Lake, possibly Fort Brewerton, and the west end of Lake Oneida. The picture on the horn of four buildings flying a British flag with two arms going out at each side matches the description of Fort Brewerton's several blockhouses and a covered gateway that led out on one side of the fort toward the river and on the other side of the fort a 100‐foot tunnel to a powder magazine. A sailing ship is carved next to the fort. The only James Doty located in the records thus far is a man listed in the Massachusetts' muster rolls as a lieutenant from Plymouth on an expedition to Crown Point in 1756, which may be the correct person. L:

14", D: 2.75"x3.25", 4 wooden pegs.

48 Havana LA CHORELA/ LOPUNTONS/ LOMORO This example is one of a number of professionally made powder horns that commemorate the Battle of Havana, showing the walled city surrounded by many ships. The horn displays groups of soldiers, a few mounted on horseback, the British Arms, a couple dancing (LA CHORELA); a Puntal fortification (LOPUNTONS); and the famous Moro Castle (LOMORO). The base plug is missing. Through there is no evidence of any base‐plug pins being used, there is evidence of a plug seen on the interior base that shows an outline of a plug. After the surrender of Montreal by Gov. Vaudreuil in September 1760, the fighting on the continent largely ended, although it raged on in Cuba. Ten thousand British troops were bogged down around Havana sugaring from yellow fever, but with the arrival of the 1st Connecticut Regiment commanded by Maj. Gen. Phineas Lyman, the city was taken after several months of fighting. L: 15", D: 2.75"x3", No pegs.

49 Gideon Smith

GIDEON x SMITH/ HIS HORN 1762/ JARIB x WHITE

The carver of this horn covered the surface with folk are characterizations of Indians, animals and soldiers. Figures include an Indian on a hill with a bow and arrow shooting at a fleeting stag, which is being chased by a dog; two lines of soldiers with muskets firing at each other; a sloop; geese flying overhead in formation; and a table set with a dish and glasses. The second name (Jarib White) is possibly that of the carver. Smith was in the Ninth Company of Capt. Arghibald McNeil of the 2nd Connecticut Regiment commanded by Col.

Nathan Whiting and saw duty in the northern campaign. L:

12", D: 2.5"x3", seven brass‐headed tacks.

50 Joseph Barns

c. 1775

IOSEPH BARNS/ HIS HORN CONCORD Oral tradition places the horn and gun at the fight at Concord on April 19, 1775. The initials "I B" are accompanied with several pictures, including two codfish, a ship, a mermaid, a horse, a man, a bird and a deer. The tip is reinforced with a led ring for extra protection. Barn's military records show that he was from New Braintree, Massachusetts and served as a lieutenant in Capt. John Granger's Company of Minutemen in Col. Jonathan Warner's Regiment. His enlistment started on April 19, 1775, and lasted a period of 2 weeks and 3 days. From the time of the battle at Lexington and Concord on April 19, 1775, the horn and accompanying fowler descended in the Barns family and close relatives until it was acquired from them in 1992. The family predecessor Thomas Barns arrived in New England from England on the ship Speedwell in 1656. L: 13", D: 3", 3 wooden pegs.

51 Joseph Barns

c. 1775.

Concord minuteman.

Musket, percussion, fowler, American

52 Daniel Johnson

DANIEL JOHNSON/. HIS HORN MADE AT

NO3/ IN CHARLSTON OCTO/ BER 4TH DAY

AD 1775/ FORT WILLIAM AUGUSTUS IN

CANADAY/ The "British Arms"

This horn has two forts inscribed on it. The first one is a fortified position at Charleston, designated as Fort #3 which was located between Cambridge and Winter Hill and was a part of the defenses encircling Boston during the siege of 1775 and 1776. It is the only horn showing a sketch of the fort, the cannons and the outlying redoubt at the number three. The second, Fort William Augustus, was rebuilt in 1760 by the British on the site of the French Fort Levis along the St. Lawrence River with an accompanying cartouche of the British Arms and 2 birds in a tree. Because showing Fort William Augustus and the British Arms would indicate association with the French and Indian War, they must have had some previous history connecting them to Daniel Johnson that is not known today. There are several Daniel Johnsons listed in the records has having served in the Revolutionary War but only one is cited as having received "a bounty coat or its equivalent in money dated Fort No.3, Charlestown, Oct. 26 1775." This soldier from Sharon is listed as a private in Capt. John McKinstry's co., Col. John Paterson's 26th regt. in company returns for Oct 1775. An indication of a much later usage is a very light inscription around the neck of the horn dated 1862, which is when the brass spout was likely added. L: 15", D: 3"x2.75", 5 wooden pins.

53 Isaac Barns ISAAC BARNS HIS HORN/ MADE AT SANT

JOHNS 1775/ NVEMBER / THE 5 1775/ C I I

C C C C O

Barns dated this horn on the 5th of November, three days after the capture of Fort Saint Johns. Around the base are the initials "C I I C C C C O" probably from a regimental brand, "I C" of the First Connecticut Militia of which Barns was a member. The two ships shown on the horn may represent the sloop Enterprise and the schooner Liberty, which accompanied the troops on Lake Champlain. Barns enlisted from New Haven in the Sixth Company of Capt. William Douglas in the First Connecticut Regiment of COl. David Wooster in 1775. Fort Saint John on the Richelieu River was built of palisades with four bastions by the French before 1750 at the present site of the town of Saint John. In 1775, a two‐pronged attack on Canada commenced, with Benedict Arnold's troops moving up the Kennebec River from Boston and Montgomery's army going north via Lake Champlain to Montreal. After occupying Ile aux Noix on the 24th of September, Montgomery's forces proceeded to Saint John with 1700 men. The British surrendered at the fort at Saint

John on November 2, 1775. L: 18", D: 3"x3.375", 5 iron pins.

54 Ephram Derthick

EPHRAM DERTHICK HIS HORN/ MADE IN

ROXBURY ye 1775

Several of the horns from the Siege of Boston have similar banners, with the name of the soldier, the date and the location between parallel lines that change direction at various angles. On this horn the name is in one broken line and in a separate pointed cartouche is "MADE IN ROXBURY ye 1775." A detailed view of the city of Boston with a line of buildings and churches includes the tents of the British soldiers on the commons and the neck to the south of Boston where the zigzag line of fortifications at Roxbury existed. Across the bay to the north is a suggestion of Charlestown. Opposite Boston on the mainland is an oval fortification representing Winter Hill and to the south are the homes in Roxbury and the cannons on Roxbury Hill, with Dorchester Heights to the east. Finely engraved around the horn are the figures of eight ships, a stag and a fish with a decorative geometric border design around the base end of the horn. The only individual whose name comes close to the one of this horn is a CT soldier named Ephriam Derrick ‐ a possibility. L: 14", D: 2.75", 4 wooden pegs.

55 Folky Artist's Horn II, c.

none This second horn by the Folky Artist has neither a date nor a name for identification, but only a blank cartouche. Most of his horns lack a name or date and possibly were made for commercial sale. The hunter carved on this horn wears a Colonial frock coat, breeches and a tri‐corn hat. He also carries a powder horn and a bag slung over his shoulder and has a fowler mounted to his shoulder. The gun is pointed at a bug‐eyed stag that is being chased by a dog. Other figures on the horn include buildings, the outline of a fort and a stylized tree with splayed limbs. An attractive horn with a deep patina, it shows evidence of having been carried. L: 11", D:

2.5", 5 wooden pegs, 1 iron pin.

56 Siege of Boston, c.

none The plan of Boston engraved on this horn shows several churches, the mill pond and the long wharf. Across the bay is Charlestown, which is unfinished as is the rest of the horn.

Because the decorative vine‐like borders engraved at the butt end and at the edge of the scalloped section of this horn have been completed in a very artistic manner, it indicated that the whole horn would have been exceptionally well carved if it had been finished. The blank horn with which the carver started is an unusual example of a nearly perfectly proportioned cow's horn. The body of the horn has an attractive curve with the main section a cream color and a dark faceted spout with a raised ring that is collapsed. L: 16", D: 3", 3 iron pins.

57 Frederick Humphry

Frederick Humphry Jr His Horn Made/ att Mount Independent November y'2 AD 1776/ Ticonderoga/ Mountindepenc

The fort at Mount Independence was constructed in 1775 in Vermont on the other side of Lake Champlain across from Fort Ticonderoga. The sight of the two fortresses so intimidated the British assault on Albany in 1776 that the assault was delayed until the next year when General Burgoyne's troops again attached southward down Lake Champlain. It was captured by the British in 1777 and abandoned later that year when Burgoyne surrendered at Saratoga. Because of its short life, powder horns from that fort are scarce with only a half dozen known. This horn not only shows a few of the fortifications at Mount Independence, but also the outline of Lake Champlain and the location of Fort Ticonderoga. Captain Frederick Humphrey named on the horn was a wealthy landowner from Simsbury, Hartford, CT and the word "jour" on the horn may reference his son born in 1775. The horn descended in the Humphrey family to a descendent, Bob Fletcher, from whom it was acquired at auction.