AFI 32_1068_2017.pdf

BY ORDER OF THE

SECRETARY OF THE AIR FORCE

AIR FORCE INSTRUCTION 32-1068

8 FEBRUARY 2017

Civil Engineering

HEATING SYSTEMS AND UNFIRED

PRESSURE VESSELS

COMPLIANCE WITH THIS PUBLICATION IS MANDATORY

ACCESSIBILITY: Publications and forms are available for downloading or ordering on the e-Publishing website at www.e-Publishing.af.mil.

RELEASABILITY: There are no releasability restrictions on this publication.

OPR: AF/A4CF

Supersedes: AFI32-1068, 18 September 2014

Certified by: AF/A4CF

(Mr. Gerald Johnson)

Pages: 79

This instruction implements Air Force Policy Directive (AFPD) 32-10, Installations and

Facilities, by establishing uniform requirements for installation, operation, maintenance, and inspection of real property installed equipment (RPIE) heating systems and unfired pressure vessels (UPV). It applies only to pressure vessels covered by the American Society of

Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. It does not apply to low-pressure boilers below 1 million British thermal units per hour (MBtu/h) output used only for domestic water heating, or pressure vessels containing noncorrosive refrigerants. This publication applies to all Air Force, Air Force Reserve Command (AFRC), and Air National

Guard (ANG) units and personnel. It may be supplemented at any level, but all direct supplements must be routed to the Office of Primary Responsibility (OPR) of this Air Force

Instruction (AFI) for coordination prior to certification approval. Authorities to waive wing/unit level requirements in this publication are identified with a Tier (“T-0,” “T-1,” “T-2,” “T-3”) number following each compliance statement. See AFI 33360, Publications and Forms

Management, for a description of the authorities associated with the Tier numbers. Submit requests for waivers through the chain of command to the appropriate Tier waiver approval authority, or alternately, to the publication OPR for non-tiered compliance items. Refer recommended changes and questions regarding this publication to the OPR using AF Form 847, Recommendation for Change of Publication; route AF Forms 847 from the field through the appropriate functional chain of command. Ensure that all records created as a result of processes prescribed in this publication are maintained in accordance with Air Force Manual (AFMAN)

33-363, Management of Records, and disposed of in accordance with the Records Disposition

Schedule (RDS) located in the Air Force Records Information Management System (AFRIMS).

http://www.e-publishing.af.mil/

2 AFI32-1068 8 FEBRUARY 2017

SUMMARY OF CHANGES

This document is substantially revised and must be completely reviewed. This revision adjust roles to meet the new Civil Engineer structure, updates and clarifies attendance for boiler/hot water generator systems, clarifies all boilers require inspection, and clarifies that boiler installation, inspection, and operational requirements also apply to organizational equipment, mobile boilers, and privately- or contractor-owned boilers. UPV inspection criteria are clarified.

Liquefied petroleum tank inspections are moved to a different inspection classification and frequency. Regulatory requirements for boiler tune-ups and energy assessments of Title 40 Code of Federal Regulations Part 63 (40 CFR Part 63), Subpart JJJJJJ, February 1, 2013 and Subpart

DDDDD, November 20, 2015, were added for Area Source and Major Source boilers to comply with new Boiler Maximum Achievable Control Technology (MACT) rules. Type C operational inspection while under steam pressure or filled with water now includes functional testing in accordance with ASME CSD-1, Controls and Safety Devices for Automatically Fired Boilers, or

National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 85, Boiler and Combustion Systems Hazards Code, as applicable. This revision supersedes Engineering Technical Letter (ETL) 11-25, Implementation of Major and Area Source Rules as Applied to Boiler Tune-ups and Energy

Assessments for the Boiler MACT Rule, 8 August 2011.

1. Objective

2. Roles and Responsibilities

3. Requirements

Table 3.1. Minimum Boiler Attendance

Figure 3.1. Unfired Pressure Vessel (UPV) Inspection Requirements

Attachment 1— GLOSSARY OF REFERENCES AND SUPPORTING INFORMATION 16

Attachment 2— INSPECTION REQUIREMENTS 25

Attachment 3— IMPLEMENTATION OF MAJOR AND AREA SOURCE RULES 29

Attachment 4— TUNING BOILERS FOR MAXIMUM EFFICIENCY 41

1. Objective. Air Force heating systems and UPVs must be safe, reliable, and efficient. Build and operate these systems to comply with the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code and conform to federal law.

2. Roles and Responsibilities.

2.1. Headquarters, United States Air Force, Deputy Chief of Staff for Logistics, Engineering and Force Protection, Directorate of Civil Engineer (HQ USAF/A4C) will.

2.1.1. Develop, maintain, clarify, approve, and publish Air Force Instruction policy.

2.1.2. Develop Management Internal Control Toolset (MICT) Self-Assessment

Communicators as part of the oversight strategy.

AFI32-1068 8 FEBRUARY 2017 3

2.1.3. Directs implementation of applicable public law, safety standards, and Department of Defense (DoD) directives.

2.2. Air National Guard NGB/A4 will provide supplemental guidance to ANG installations where variations from this instruction is necessary.

2.3. Air Force Installation and Mission Support Center (AFIMSC) will: Provide management and guidance to major commands (MAJCOM) and installations.

2.3.1. Oversee and provide solid fuel requisition procedures for overseas bases.

2.3.2. Provide support to MAJCOMs in order to facilitate requests for attendance variances.

2.4. Air Force Civil Engineer Center (AFCEC) will:

2.4.1. Provide Air Force Subject Matter Expertise (SME) and technical criteria to Air

Force Instructions and guidance for maintaining heating systems and UPVs.

2.4.2. Provide management and technical assistance to base civil engineer organizations.

2.4.3. Provide a centrally funded contract for inspection services at CONUS bases and, if allowed by host nation agreements and standards, OCONUS locations.

2.4.4. Reviews requests for attendance variances.

2.4.5. Approves heating fuel or equipment conversion proposals, including the life-cycle cost analysis.

2.5. Installation Commander as the “Responsible Official” under the Clean Air Act

(CAA) United States Code Title 42 Chapter 85, 40 CFR §70.2, 40 CFR §71.2, 40 CFR

§63.7575, 40 CFR §63.11237, and applicable state and local regulations, must certify the truth, accuracy, and completeness of the content of the notifications and reports as discussed in Attachment 3. This duty cannot be delegated. (T-0).

2.6. Base Civil Engineer (BCE) will: Ensure boilers, distribution systems, and pressure vessels are constructed, installed, operated, tested, repaired, and maintained in compliance with applicable codes, regulations, federal law, and host nation final governing standards

(FGS) at overseas installations.

2.6.1. Develop schedules for inspecting and testing heating systems and UPVs and operate and maintains base heating and distribution systems and UPVs covered by this instruction (T-2).

2.6.2. Determine liquid, solid, and gas utility fuel requirements and ensures safety and adequacy of fuel supplies. (T-2).

2.6.3. Establish and maintains a recurring work program for heating and pressure vessel systems for maximum cost benefit. (T-2).

2.6.4. Establish and maintains a base steam trap maintenance program. (T-2).

2.6.5. Develop and maintains local operating procedures. (T-2).

2.6.6. Maintain operating logs and records of boiler repairs IAW 40 CFR. (T-0).

4 AFI32-1068 8 FEBRUARY 2017

2.6.7. Ensure that inspections are conducted as scheduled and equipment is reliable and safe IAW National Board Inspection Code (NBIC). (T-0). Note: AFCEC has a centrally procured contract for boiler and pressure vessel inspections. Reference A2.2.8 for scheduling instructions.

2.6.8. Process and post inspection reports and report unsafe boilers or pressure vessels to the base safety office and AFIMSC points of contact (POC). (T-2).

2.6.9. Establish a program to measure performance of heating systems in order to make continuous improvements; BCE will review metrics from this program annually. (T2).

2.6.10. Assign properly trained experienced personnel. (T-2).

2.6.11. Ensure heat plant operating personnel are licensed to meet state and

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) requirements, or host nation FGS at overseas installations. (T-0).

2.6.12. Ensure system effluents conform to applicable standards. (T-1).

2.6.13. Ensure waste is burned only in approved furnaces. (T-1).

2.6.14. Recommend recurring work requirement changes for engineering short- and long-range system replacement planning. (T-3).

2.6.15. Ensure approved repairs or alterations are programmed and accomplished. (T3).

2.6.16. Ensure all boilers, pressure vessels, and pressure piping systems are constructed, installed, tested, repaired, or replaced to meet ASME or equivalent host nation requirements. (T-0).

2.6.17. Ensure all boiler fuel piping and controls meet NFPA or equivalent host nation requirements. (T-0).

2.6.18. Develop cost-effective alternatives for system and equipment monitoring, where feasible. (T-2).

2.6.19. Analyze and plans operations, maintenance, and repair workloads. (T-2).

2.6.20. Ensure efficient management of service contracts and warranty programs for maintenance and repair of heating systems. (T-2).

2.6.21. Ensure all construction projects involving heat plants and distribution systems comply with requirements of this instruction and environmental permits and regulations.

(T-0).

2.6.22. Ensure technical engineering support is provided for planning, design, management, and execution of heating system projects. (T-2).

2.6.23. Approves temporary repairs to distribution systems. (T-2).

2.6.24. Plan, program, and budget for routine and reoccurring operations, maintenance, and environmental compliance activities (e.g., tune-ups and energy assessments). (T-1).

2.6.25. In consultation with the Base Civil Engineer Environmental function’s Air

Quality Program Manager will:

AFI32-1068 8 FEBRUARY 2017 5

2.6.25.1. Determine if facility is an Area or Major Source for hazardous air pollutants

(HAPs). Then, accordingly, ensure records documenting tune-ups, energy assessments, and operational tests are produced and maintained as required by 40

CFR Part 63, Subparts DDDDD (Major Source) or JJJJJJ (Area Source). (T-0).

2.6.25.2. Prior to any construction or reconstruction of boilers or process heaters, identify and address any appropriate permitting and environmental impact assessment requirements in accordance with AFI 32-7040, Air Quality Compliance and Resource

Management, and 40 CFR. (T-0).

2.6.25.3. Ensure boiler tune-ups and associated reporting are performed as required by 40 CFR Part 63, Subparts DDDDD (Major Source) or JJJJJJ (Area Source) as outlined in paragraph 3.5.5.8 and Attachment 3. (T-0).

2.6.25.4. Ensure energy assessments and associated reporting are performed in accordance with 40 CFR Part 63, Subparts DDDDD (Major Source) or JJJJJJ (Area

Source) as outlined in paragraph 3.5.5.8 and Attachment 3. (T-0).

2.6.26. Maintains a boiler and unfired pressure vessel inventory using AF mandated IT systems, via Builder and Sustainment Management Systems (SMS) (T-0). At minimum the following information is required:

2.6.26.1. Building number and facility category code in which the boiler is installed.

2.6.26.2. Manufacturer and model number.

2.6.26.3. Type (low/medium/high temperature water (LTW/MTW/HTW) or steam) and capacity in 1,000 Btu/hour (MBtu/h) input.

2.6.26.4. Operating temperature and pressure.

2.6.26.5. Fuel type (i.e., natural gas, #2 fuel oil, coal, etc.)

2.6.26.6. Identify boiler as ‘primary’ or ‘backup.’

2.6.26.7. National Board (NB) number.

2.6.26.8. Inspection reports.

3. Requirements.

3.1. Fuel Conversion. Public law requires Air Force heating systems use the most cost-effective fuel as determined by life-cycle cost analysis. BCE will evaluate fuel suitability, availability, environmental impact, reliability, and maintainability when considering fuel conversion and use life-cycle costing methods, procedures, and information as described in

National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Handbook 135, Life-Cycle Costing

Manual for the Federal Energy Management Program, and escalation factors found in the

NIST Annual Supplement: Energy Price Indices and Discount Factors for Life-Cycle Cost

Analysis. (T-0).

3.2. Solid Fuels.

3.2.1. Requisitions.

3.2.1.1. Request for Coal Purchase. Prepare DD Form 416, Purchase Request for

Coal, Coke, or Briquettes, and submit to Defense Logistics Agency (DLA), DLA

6 AFI32-1068 8 FEBRUARY 2017

Energy-AC, 8725 John J. Kingman Road, Room 3830, Fort Belvoir, Virginia 22060-

6222, according to dates and instructions specified by DLA Energy-AC. Requisition and acceptance procedures for overseas bases will be provided by AFIMSC. (T2).

3.2.1.2. Placing Orders. The Operations Flight must submit a DD Form 1155, Order for Supplies or Services, in accordance with DLA Energy-AC instructions and at least

30 days prior to the desired delivery date. (T-2).

3.2.2. Accepting Deliveries. Before accepting a delivery, central heat plant personnel must inspect each shipment prior to unloading and at the point and time of delivery, according to the DLA Energy-AC contract for the base. Send out samples from the coal shipment for analysis according to the DLA Energy-AC contract for the base.

3.2.2.1. Sampling. Heat plant personnel must take coal samples according to the

DLA Energy-AC contract for the base. (T-0). Refer to Military Standard (MIL-STD)

3004D, Quality Assurance/Surveillance for Fuels, Lubricants and Related Products, Appendix C, and the applicable contract for coal sampling procedures and specific requirements. The boiler plant must maintain a record of the sampling and testing results. (T-1). Inform the Base Civil Engineering Environmental function’s Air

Quality Program Manager that the sampling and testing results are available.

3.2.2.2. Non-Conforming Coal. The coal sampler will notify the Operations Flight

Chief and the Base Civil Engineering Environmental function’s Air Quality Program

Manager when a coal delivery does not comply with the contract, and recommend rejection to DLA Energy-AC. (T-2). Note: The DLA Energy-AC contracting officer is the final authority for rejecting a coal shipment.

3.2.3. Inspecting Coal Stockpiles. Heat plant personnel must inspect coal stockpiles at least twice per week. (T-3). Heat plant personnel must investigate abnormally high temperatures or signs of spontaneous combustion. (T-3). To measure internal temperature use a temperature probe (or other proven method). If internal temperature rises above 160 degrees Fahrenheit (°F), coal may ignite.

3.3. Liquid Fuels. This section describes procedures for testing fuel quality, processing liquid fuel requisitions, managing organizational fuel tanks, fuel sampling, and mixing and burning waste fuel with heating fuel.

3.3.1. Liquid Fuels Quality. All fuels to be burned must meet the requirements of

Technical Order (T.O.) 42B-1-1, Quality Control of Fuels and Lubricants, Chapter 6.

(T-1).

3.3.2. Requisitions. BCE will submit liquid fuel requirements for each fiscal year to the base fuels management office (FMO). (T-3).

3.3.3. Managing Organizational Fuel Tanks. Tanks owned or operated by the BCE must meet the requirements of AFI 23-204, Organizational Fuel Tanks, and AFI 32-7044, Storage Tank Environmental Compliance. (T-1).

3.3.4. Sampling and Testing. Fuel sampling is the responsibility of the receiving organization. The BCE will coordinate sampling and testing of fuel received in tanks with the local Fuels Management Team (FMT) to assure fuel quality per T.O. 42B-1-1. (T-1).

The boiler plant must maintain a record of the sampling and testing results. (T-1).

AFI32-1068 8 FEBRUARY 2017 7

Sampling and testing results should be made available to the Base Civil Engineering

Environmental Function’s Air Quality Program Manager.

3.3.5. Mixing and Burning Waste Fuel and Lubricants with Heating Fuel and Burning

Biodiesel. Coordinate requests through the BCE with the Base Civil Engineer

Environmental Function to obtain AFCEC/CZO approval before mixing and burning waste fuel and lubricants with heating fuel. Biodiesel fuel and biodiesel blends exceeding

B5 (5% biodiesel) will not be burned in boilers. (T-2).

3.4. Process Steam. Where possible, supply process steam which wastes condensate (such as steam cleaning) from dedicated boilers.

3.5. Heating and Distribution Systems and Unfired Pressure Vessels (UPV). BCEs must ensure design and construction of steam boilers, hot water generators, heating and distribution systems, UPVs, and pressure piping systems comply with the ASME Boiler and

Pressure Vessel Code or equivalent host nation requirements and this instruction. (T-0). The code requires the design of all steam and hot water heating systems must include equipment to provide industrial water treatment (see AFI 32-1054, Corrosion Control). Boilers and

UPVs must have a pressure-relieving device as required by the ASME Boiler and Pressure

Vessel Code, which requires all steam pressure-reducing valve stations on the low-pressure side to have a correctly rated and sized pressure-relief device and compressed air receivers less than 1.5 ft3 must have the manufacturer’s standard pressure-relieving device. BCEs shall ensure all pressure vessels in which moisture can accumulate must have automatic condensate drainage. (T-1).

3.5.1. Operating Boilers and Hot Water Generators. Safe operation of boilers and hot water generators require qualified operating technicians to be on hand to detect and correctly respond to equipment malfunctions or irregularities that could disrupt service, cause a hazard, or damage equipment.

3.5.1.1. Attendance. Table 3.1 shows the minimum frequency for technicians to attend (check and adjust control settings during operation) boilers and hot water generators, based on heating plant capacity (combination of all units used to produce heat that is transmitted through distribution system to a building or group of buildings) and operating pressure and is applicable to all type of fuel sources. Unless host nation agreements or standards require more frequent visits, operating technicians must attend assigned boilers per the minimums shown in Table 3.1 (T1).

Variances to Table 3.1 prior to 1 June 2016 must have been be approved by

MAJCOM and variances after that date must be routed through appropriate AFIMSC channels for approval. (T-1). Requests for variances must include a complete description of the boiler system, control technology, proposed operating procedures, and frequency of attendance. (T-1).

3.5.1.2. High Pressure Steam, Medium and High Temperature Water Plants. Plants that produce high pressure steam (HPS), greater than 15 psig; MTW, 30-160 psig

(250–350 °F); and HTW at greater than 160 psig; must have technicians present that are fully qualified for the operation of the particular system and should be licensed to meet environmental regulatory agency requirements. (T-1).

8 AFI32-1068 8 FEBRUARY 2017

3.5.1.3. Remote Monitoring. Remote monitoring is defined as a condition where boiler controls and safeties are automated and continuously monitored by a system-trained technician from a remote location, with the capability for safe shutdown of all units. The remote location requires the following capabilities: ability to monitor network failure alarms, ability to view water level (steam)/water pressure and temperature (MTW and HTW), stack temperature, feedwater flow (steam)/make-up flow (MTW and HTW), steam flow/circulation flow (MTW and HTW), fuel flow at burner, and video camera installed to view boiler/hot water generator front. Use of proper remote monitoring may be used to support a request for variance to attendance requirements. It is recommended all steam boilers operating at or above 15 psig or hot water generators operating at or above 30 psig which are not required to be constantly attended, be remotely monitored. Per NFPA 85, Boiler and Combustion Systems

Hazards Code, remote monitoring must not override (prevent) any boiler or hot water generator safety shutdown. (T-0).

Table 3.1. Minimum Boiler Attendance.

Heating Medium Total Boiler Capacity1

Operating

Pressure and

Temperature Frequency of Attendance2

Log

Required

Low Temp Water

(LTW)

Under 5,000,000 Btu/h Under 30 psig

250 °F Max

Once per month when operating

No

Low Temp Water

(LTW)

5,000,000 Btu/h or greater

Under 30 psig

250 °F Max

Once per 24 hour period during operation3

No

Medium Temp Water

(MTW)

Under 5,000,000 Btu/h 30–160 psig 250–

350 °F

Once per 8-hour shift during operation3

No

Medium Temp Water

(MTW)

5,000,000 Btu/h to

30,000,000 Btu/h

30–160 psig 250–

350 °F

Twice per 8-hour shift during operation3

No

Medium Temp Water

(MTW)

Over 30,000,000 to

100,000,000 Btu/h

30–160 psig 250–

350 °F

Constant attendance by one person per 8-hour shift4

No

Medium Temp Water

(MTW)

Over 100,000,000 Btu/h 30–160 psig 250–

350 °F

Constant attendance by two people per 8-hour shift4

No

High Temp Water

(HTW)

Under 30,000,000 Btu/h Over 160 psig

Over 350 °F

Twice per 8-hour shift during operation

Yes

High Temp Water

(HTW)

30,000,000 Btu/h or greater

Over 160 psig

Over 350 °F

Constant attendance by two people per 8-hour shift4

Yes

Low Pressure Steam

(LPS)

Under 1,000,000 Btu/h Under 15 psig

212–250 °F

Once every week during operation

No

Low Pressure Steam

(LPS)

1,000,000 Btu/h to

5,000,000 Btu/h

Under 15 psig

212–250 °F

Twice per week during operation

No

Low Pressure Steam

(LPS)

Over 5,000,000 Btu/h Under 15 psig

212–250 °F

Once per 24 hour period during operation3

Yes

High Pressure Steam

(HPS)

Under 5,000,000 Btu/h Over 15 psig

Over 250 °F

Once per 8-hour shift during operation3

Yes

High Pressure Steam

(HPS)

5,000,000 Btu/h to

30,000,000 Btu/h

Over 15 psig

Over 250 °F

Twice per 8-hour shift during operation

Yes

High Pressure Steam

(HPS)

Over 30,000,000 Btu/h to 100,000,000 Btu/h

Over 15 psig

Over 250 °F

Constant attendance by two people per 8-hour shift4

Yes

High Pressure Steam

(HPS)

Over 100,000,000 Btu/h Over 15 psig

Over 250 °F

Constant attendance by two people per 8-hour shift4

Yes

AFI32-1068 8 FEBRUARY 2017 9

Notes:

1. The sum of the all rated capacities of boilers and hot water generators in the facility, regardless of operating status.

2. For coal-fired plants, additional operating personnel are required for coal and ash handling consistent with installed equipment.

3. Attendance can be accomplished by remote monitoring, with approved variance, and a system-trained technician with the capability for safe shutdown of all units.

4. Attendance can be reduced by one person per 8-hour shift if boiler controls and safeties are automated and continuously monitored, with the minimum items listed in paragraph 3.5.1.2., by a system-trained technician from a remote location with the capability for safe shutdown of all units.

3.5.2. Operating Logs. Heat plant logs give the heat plant foreman and supervisory and management personnel a summary of boiler plant operations and performance and establishes a basis for conformance with environmental air quality permits. For this purpose, use AF Form 1163, Daily High Temperature Water Plant Operating Log; AF

Form 1165, Monthly High Temperature Water Plant Operating Log; AF Form 1458, Daily Steam Boiler Plant Operating Log; AF Form 1459, Water Treatment Operating

Log for Steam and Hot Temperature Water Boilers; or AF Form 1464, Monthly Steam

Boiler Plant Operating Log. Computer-generated printouts are acceptable if they contain all pertinent information. The operating logs may be used for any boiler plant the operations flight deems appropriate. The heat plant foreman or operations flight maintenance chief must maintain boiler plant performance and operating logs for the following boilers: (T-1).

3.5.2.1. HPS operating over 15 psig and 250 °F.

3.5.2.2. HTW boiler plant operating over 160 psig.

3.5.2.3. Low-pressure steam (LPS) boiler plant with minimum output capacity of

5,000,000 Btu/h.

3.5.3. Maintenance. At dual-fuel plants, fire boilers at least bimonthly with standby fuel to confirm reliability. Overhaul equipment and accomplish other major maintenance during off-peak periods. Annually calibrate boiler instrumentation. Ensure that replacement materials and parts comply with boiler code safety standards. Maintain equipment ASME code stamps and labels in legible condition. The BCE must ensure that scheduled maintenance of boilers, heating equipment, and steam traps is performed.

(T2).

3.5.3.1. Pressure Vessel Welding. The ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX, “Welding and Brazing Qualifications,” contains welding procedural specifications and welder qualification requirements. BCE will not allow welding or brazing of pressure components of steam-jacketed cooking equipment or UPV. (T-0).

Owning organization must replace failed parts. (T-0).

3.5.3.2. Distribution Systems. Perform maintenance according to the manufacturer’s recommendations and appropriate repair codes.

3.5.3.2.1. Existing Systems. Operations Flight will at least annually check the system leaks using thermograph technology or other approved testing methods as recommended by the manufacturer in addition to checking for damage and loss of

10 AFI32-1068 8 FEBRUARY 2017

insulation. (T-2). Repair damaged lines as necessary to maintain insulating qualities.

3.5.3.2.2. Failed Distribution Lines. Make temporary repairs to failed lines as soon as conditions permit. BCE will program the replacement of failed sections as soon as the extent of failure is known. (T-2).

3.5.3.2.3. Temporary Repairs. Temporary repairs to direct buried systems using piping other than prefabricated conduit systems are permitted. Limit these repairs to 500 feet per repair. BCE will replace these repairs within 18 months with an approved system and materials. (T-2). Repair material must be suitable for use under the pressure and temperature conditions of the distribution system being repaired.

3.5.3.2.4. Cathodic Protection Systems. Where cathodic protection is installed, Operations Flight will inspect, test, and maintain distribution lines in accordance with AFI 32-1054 and Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC) 3-570-06, Operation and

Maintenance: Cathodic Protection Systems. (T-2).

3.5.4. Replacing or Installing New Distribution Lines. Before replacing failed lines or installing new lines, select a route and then a system type.

3.5.4.1. Route Selection. The system route should be coordinated with the facility master plan. The selected route has considerable impact on system type selection. For example, aboveground systems usually are not acceptable if they create obstructions to traffic or are unsightly, while large numbers of obstructions along the system profile greatly increase the cost of underground systems. Attention should be given to any severe or complex installation conditions that adversely affect the cost of the system. The final route selected should minimize the system life-cycle cost.

3.5.4.2. System Type Selection. BCE will evaluate potential heat distribution system types according to the following order of preference: (1) aboveground; (2) shallow concrete trench; (3) direct buried prefabricated conduit; (4) poured-in-place underground insulation system. (T-2). Select the most cost-effective system based on the results of a life- cycle cost analysis. (T-1). Calculate heat loss for each system under consideration by using standard American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) methods. (T-2). Evaluate life-cycle costs of the alternatives by using the Building Life-Cycle Cost Program (BLCC) available at the Federal Energy Management Program web site. (T-2).

3.5.4.3. System Design and Construction of New or Replacement Distribution

Systems. BCE will design and construct new and replacement distribution systems to meet the requirements of UFC 3-430-01FA and applicable Unified Facilities Guide

Specifications (UFGS). (T-1). UFCs and UFGS are available at the Whole Building

Design Guide (www.wbdg.org).

3.5.4.4. Installation of Repair Sections. When not otherwise designed, CE will install and test new system components per the UFGS, manufacturer’s requirements, or by other approved methods. Complete all tests and correct deficiencies prior to insulating or covering connections, joints, welds, or fittings. (T-1). An authorized factory representative is recommended during installation and testing of systems.

http://www.wbdg.org/

AFI32-1068 8 FEBRUARY 2017 11

3.5.5. Inspections and Testing.

3.5.5.1. Methods and Criteria.

3.5.5.1.1. The United States, Its Territories and Possessions. Boilers and UPVs must be inspected according to NBIC. (T-0).

3.5.5.1.2. Foreign Countries. Boilers and UPVs must be inspected according to host nation agreement or standards if comparable (minimally) to the NBIC;

otherwise, follow the NBIC guidelines. (T-0).

3.5.5.1.3. Air National Guard (ANG) Inspection Criteria. ANG will inspect boilers and UPVs according to state, local, and NBIC inspection criteria for inspections at ANG bases. (T-0).

3.5.5.2. Boilers and Fired Pressure Vessels.

3.5.5.2.1. BCE must inspect high pressure steam boilers and HTW generators and expansion tanks in active use with NBIC certified inspectors. (T-0). (See A2.2.9).

See Attachment 2 for descriptions of inspection types, frequency of inspection, and scheduling guidelines.

3.5.5.2.1.1. High-pressure steam boilers operate above 15 psig.

3.5.5.2.1.2. HTW generators operate above 160 psig or 350°F.

3.5.5.2.2. Inspect low pressure heating boilers in active use. Inspection and evaluation must be performed by properly qualified personnel, as determined by the BCE or contracted boiler owner/operator. (T-1). These include:

3.5.5.2.2.1. Steam boilers with safety valves set at 15 psig or less.

3.5.5.2.2.2. Hot water boilers with safety valves set at 45 psig or less.

3.5.5.2.2.3. Pressure vessels of less than 33,500 Btu/h specially constructed for laboratory purposes.

3.5.5.3. Steam-Jacketed Cooking Equipment. To comply with NBIC, inspect steam kettles and other steam-jacketed cooking equipment according to the manufacturer’s instructions or perform a Type VB inspection (see Attachment 2) with hydrostatic test, excluding internal inspection, once every three years. The hydrostatic test pressure must equal the safety valve set pressure. If steam-jacketed cooking equipment is not coded as RPIE it is organizational equipment, and the provisions in paragraph 3.6 apply.

3.5.5.4. Unfired Pressure Vessels (UPV) Inspection Requirements. The following inspections allow UPVs to comply with NBIC requirements.

3.5.5.4.1. Every three years, Operations Flights must inspect UPVs internally and externally according to the following criteria and as illustrated in Figure 3.1:

(T-0).

3.5.5.4.1.1. UPVs greater than 1.5 cubic feet in volume and greater than 600 psig design pressure.

12 AFI32-1068 8 FEBRUARY 2017

3.5.5.4.1.2. UPVs greater than 3 cubic feet in volume and greater than 350 psig design pressure.

3.5.5.4.1.3. UPVs greater than 5 cubic feet in volume and greater than 250 psig design pressure.

3.5.5.4.1.4. UPVs greater than 7.5 cubic feet in volume and greater than 15 psig design pressure.

Figure 3.1. Unfired Pressure Vessel (UPV) Inspection Requirements.

3.5.5.4.2. A NBIC Certified inspector will perform a hydrostatic test to 1.5 times working pressure every three years on vessels operating above 200 psig that cannot be inspected internally and externally. (T-0).

3.5.5.4.3. A NBIC Certified inspector will inspect unfired steam pressure vessels which operate at pressures above 15 psig every three years or more frequently as determined by procedures in the NBIC. (T-0). Perform a Type VB inspection with a hydrostatic test to 1.5 times working pressure every three years on vessels operating above 200 psig that cannot be inspected internally and externally. (T-0).

Where applicable, pressure vessels without access for internal inspections must be inspected by non-destructive testing (NDT) procedures. (T-0).

3.5.5.4.4. The following categories of UPVs are excluded from the specific inspection requirements:

3.5.5.4.4.1. UPVs with an inside diameter, width, height, or cross-section diagonal not exceeding 6 inches but with no limitation on length or pressure.

3.5.5.4.4.2. Pressure vessels for human occupancy.

AFI32-1068 8 FEBRUARY 2017 13

3.5.5.4.4.3. Fired process tubular heaters.

3.5.5.4.4.4. UPVs with an internal or external operating pressure not exceeding 15 psig but with no limitation on size.

3.5.5.4.4.5. Hot water storage tanks heated by steam or other means when the following limitations are not exceeded: a nominal water-containing capacity of 120 gallons; a water temperature of 210 °F; and heat input of 200,000

Btu/hr.

3.5.5.4.4.6. UPVs for containing water under pressure, including vessels containing air, the compression of which serves only as a cushion, when the following limitations are not exceeded: a design pressure of 300 psig and a design temperature of 210 °F.

3.5.5.4.4.7. Any structure whose primary function is transporting fluids from one location to another within a system of which it is an integral part (i.e., piping systems).

3.5.5.5. Reporting Inspections. Inspectors will report all boiler and pressure vessel inspection using AF Form 1222, Boiler or Pressure Vessel Inspection Report.

Inspectors will promptly notify the BCE, base safety office, and AFIMSC

Detachment when a boiler or pressure vessel is unsafe to operate. (T-2). The

AFIMSC Detachment may issue separate reporting instructions. BCE must post one copy of the inspection report (under a transparent protective cover) in a conspicuous location near the boiler or pressure vessel, send one copy to the operations flight;

place one copy in the file. (T-1).

3.5.5.6. Post-Inspection Repairs. Before leaving the base the inspector will report any serious defects to the operations flight. Take corrective actions requested by the inspector or listed on the inspection reports. If a boiler or pressure vessel is unsafe to operate, proper repairs must be made before placing it on-line. (T-0). All repairs to pressure components of boilers or UPVs and safety pressure-relief devices must be performed by an organization holding the appropriate NBIC code stamp and in accordance with ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. (T-0).

3.5.5.7. Reporting Repairs. After inspecting the repairs (reference A2.2.4), BCE will post one copy of the inspection report describing repair actions (under a transparent protective cover with the original inspection report); send one copy to the operations flight; place one copy in the file. (T-1).

3.5.5.8. Boiler Tune-ups and Energy Assessments.

3.5.5.8.1. Environmental Regulatory Requirements. Tune-ups are routinely required for all operational boilers depending on the boiler’s input capacity, fuel type, and the facility’s HAP classification (e.g., Major or Area Source). Many existing boilers are also required to undergo a one-time energy assessment.

Energy assessments identify energy conservation measures to reduce heating system energy demand. The Major Source and Area Source tune-up and energy assessment requirements are listed in 40 CFR Part 63, Subpart JJJJJJ (Area

Source) and Subpart DDDDD (Major Source) and summarized in Attachment 3.

14 AFI32-1068 8 FEBRUARY 2017

The minimum tune-up requirement is trimming (adjusting) the combustion air within the limits prescribed by the manufacturer and per the requirements as outlined in Tables A3.1 through A3.4. If automatic trim controls are not installed, a portable flue gas analyzer may be used. Follow the sampling procedures prescribed in ASME Code PTC 19.10-1981, Flue and Exhaust Gas Analyses, Appendix 4. Include all other manufacturer-identified maintenance actions that are due or recommended to be performed on an annual basis. Per 40 CFR, documentation of energy assessment and tune-ups must be maintained at base-level civil engineer unit. (T-0). For further guidance, refer to Attachment 3, “Implementation of Major and Area Source Rules as Applied to Boiler Tune-ups and Energy Assessments for the Boiler National Emission Standards for

Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP) Rules.”

3.5.5.8.2. Non-Environmental Requirements. All other boilers exempt from the environmental requirements above, regardless of size or fuel type, must be trimmed (adjusting combustion air within the limits prescribed by the manufacturer and per the requirements as outlined in Tables A4.1 through A4.4.)

and receive all manufacturer-identified recommended maintenance actions annually. (T-1). Follow the sampling procedures prescribed in ASME Code PTC

19.10-1981, Flue and Exhaust Gas Analyses, Appendix 4 with a calibrated portable flue gas analyzer to determine combustion efficiency. No combustion analysis is required if an oxygen trim system is installed on a boiler

3.5.5.9. Combustion Efficiency. All boilers must be operated within the manufacturer’s specified range for excess combustion air (or excess O2). (T-1). This ensures that boilers operate within a narrow range of optimal combustion efficiencies.

Attachment 4, “Tuning Boilers for Maximum Efficiency,” lists combustion efficiency tables that can be used to identify the expected combustion efficiencies for natural gas and oil-fired boilers operating within various operating parameters.

3.5.6. Boiler Replacement. Boilers should be replaced at the end of their useful life.

This condition is met when it is not possible to restore the boiler to a safe, operating condition and/or when it is no longer economical to operate versus the life cycle cost of a new boiler. To determine whether or not a boiler has met or exceeded its useful economic life, a life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) per the methodology outlined in 10 CFR

436 is required.

3.6. Organizational Equipment, Mobile Boiler, and Privately or Contractor-

Owned located on Air Force installations must be operated safely and comply with the provisions of paragraph 3.5 through paragraph 3.5.5.9. to comply with 40 CFR. The unit owning organization or contract quality assurance evaluator (QAE) must monitor these boilers and UPVs to ensure the operator/owner will:

3.6.1. Comply with basic safety practices similar to those required for government boilers and UPVs. (T-1).

3.6.2. Arrange for periodic safety inspections. (T-1).

3.6.3. Schedule an authorized inspection agency to perform inspections at the same intervals required for government boilers and UPVs. (T-1).

AFI32-1068 8 FEBRUARY 2017 15

3.6.4. Post inspection reports as specified for government-operated boilers and UPVs.

(T1). Note: Per NBIC, the equipment owner must: (1) Make repairs that the inspector recommends; (2) pay for all inspections and repairs; and (3) not operate equipment before repairing it if the inspector declares it unsafe. (T-0-). Repair equipment according to the

NBIC or host country code, as applicable. (T-0).

TIMOTHY S. GREEN, Maj Gen, USAF

Director of Civil Engineers

DCS/Logistics, Engineering & Force Protection

16 AFI32-1068 8 FEBRUARY 2017

Attachment 1

GLOSSARY OF REFERENCES AND SUPPORTING INFORMATION

References

42 USC §7412 (Clean Air Act §112), Hazardous air pollutants, http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/USCODE-2011-title42/pdf/USCODE-2011-title42-chap85-subchapI-partA-sec7412.pdf

10 CFR Part 436, Federal Energy Management and Planning Programs, http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?tpl=/ecfrbrowse/Title10/10cfr436_main_02.tpl

40 CFR Part 60, Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources, http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?tpl=/ecfrbrowse/Title40/40cfr60_main_02.tpl

40 CFR Part 61, National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants, http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?tpl=/ecfrbrowse/Title40/40cfr61_main_02.tpl

40 CFR Part 63, National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Source

Categories, http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?tpl=/ecfrbrowse/Title40/40cfr63_main_02.tpl

40 CFR Part 63, Subpart DDDDD, National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Major Sources: Industrial, Commercial, and Institutional Boilers and Process Heaters, http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2013-title40-vol14/pdf/CFR-2013-title40-vol14-part63-subpartDDDDD.pdf

40 CFR 63, Subpart EEE, National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants from

Hazardous Waste Combustors, https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2012-title40-vol12/xml/CFR-2012-title40-vol12-part63-subpartEEE.xml

40 CFR Part 63, Subpart JJJJJJ, National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for

Industrial, Commercial, and Institutional Boilers Area Sources, http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2013-title40-vol15/pdf/CFR-2013-title40-vol15-part63-subpartJJJJJJ.pdf

40 CFR 63, Subpart UUUUU, National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants: Coal-and Oil-Fired Electric Utility Steam Generating Units, http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?node=40:15.0.1.1.1.8&rgn=div6

40 CFR Part 65, Consolidated Federal Air Rule, http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?tpl=/ecfrbrowse/Title40/40cfr65_main_02.tpl

40 CFR Part 70.2, State Operating Permit Programs; Definitions, http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?tpl=/ecfrbrowse/Title40/40cfr70_main_02.tpl

40 CFR Part 71.2, Federal Operating Permit Programs; Definitions, http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?tpl=/ecfrbrowse/Title40/40cfr71_main_02.tpl

80 FR 2871, National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Area Sources:

Industrial, Commercial, and Institutional Boilers, January 21, 2015 (proposed rule) http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/USCODE-2011-title42/pdf/USCODE-2011-title42-chap85-subchapI-partA-sec7412.pdf http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/USCODE-2011-title42/pdf/USCODE-2011-title42-chap85-subchapI-partA-sec7412.pdf http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?tpl=/ecfrbrowse/Title10/10cfr436_main_02.tpl http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?tpl=/ecfrbrowse/Title40/40cfr60_main_02.tpl http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?tpl=/ecfrbrowse/Title40/40cfr61_main_02.tpl http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?tpl=/ecfrbrowse/Title40/40cfr63_main_02.tpl http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?tpl=/ecfrbrowse/Title40/40cfr63_main_02.tpl http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2013-title40-vol14/pdf/CFR-2013-title40-vol14-part63-subpartDDDDD.pdf http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2013-title40-vol14/pdf/CFR-2013-title40-vol14-part63-subpartDDDDD.pdf https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2012-title40-vol12/xml/CFR-2012-title40-vol12-part63-subpartEEE.xml https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2012-title40-vol12/xml/CFR-2012-title40-vol12-part63-subpartEEE.xml http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2013-title40-vol15/pdf/CFR-2013-title40-vol15-part63-subpartJJJJJJ.pdf http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2013-title40-vol15/pdf/CFR-2013-title40-vol15-part63-subpartJJJJJJ.pdf http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?node=40:15.0.1.1.1.8&rgn=div6 http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?node=40:15.0.1.1.1.8&rgn=div6 http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?tpl=/ecfrbrowse/Title40/40cfr65_main_02.tpl http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?tpl=/ecfrbrowse/Title40/40cfr65_main_02.tpl http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?tpl=/ecfrbrowse/Title40/40cfr70_main_02.tpl http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?tpl=/ecfrbrowse/Title40/40cfr70_main_02.tpl http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?tpl=/ecfrbrowse/Title40/40cfr71_main_02.tpl http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?tpl=/ecfrbrowse/Title40/40cfr71_main_02.tpl

AFI32-1068 8 FEBRUARY 2017 17

EPA-453/R-01-005, National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP) for

Integrated Iron and Steel Plants - Background Information for Proposed Standards, January

AFPD 32-10, Installations and Facilities, 4 March 2010

AFI 23-204, Organizational Fuel Tanks, 24 July 2012

AFI 32-1054, Corrosion Control, 7 November 2014

AFI 32-7040, Air Quality Compliance and Resource Management, 4 November 2014

AFI 32-7044, Storage Tank Environmental Compliance, 18 August 2015

AFI 33-360, Publications and Forms Management, 1 December 2015

AFI 33-364, Records Disposition – Procedures and Responsibilities, 22 December 2006

AFMAN 33-363, Management of Records, 1 March 2008

Air Force Guide for National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Major

Source: Industrial, Commercial, and Institutional Boilers and Process Heaters; 40 CFR Part 63, Subpart DDDDD

Air Force Guide for National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Area Source:

Industrial, Commercial, and Institutional Boilers; 40 CFR Part 63, Subpart JJJJJJ.

MIL-STD-3004D, Quality Assurance/Surveillance for Fuels, Lubricants and Related Products, 10 October 2014

T.O. 42B-1-1, Quality Control of Fuels and Lubricants, 15 June 2011

UFC 3-570-06, Operation and Maintenance: Cathodic Protection Systems, 31 January 2003

ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, 2010

ASME Code PTC 19.10-1981, Flue and Exhaust Gas Analyses, 1 January 1981

ASME CSD-1, Controls and Safety Devices for Automatically Fired Boilers, 2015

ISO 50001:2011, Energy Management Systems – Requirements with Guidance for Use

National Board Inspection Code (NBIC), 2013

NFPA 85, Boiler and Combustion Systems Hazards Code, 2015

NIST Annual Supplement: Energy Price Indices and Discount Factors for Life-Cycle Cost

Analysis, 2011

NIST Handbook 135, Life-Cycle Costing Manual for the Federal Energy Management Program, February 1996

Prescribed Forms

AF Form 1163, Daily High Temperature Water Plant Operating Log

AF Form 1165, Monthly High Temperature Water Plant Operating Log

AF Form 1222, Boiler or Pressure Vessel Inspection Report

AF Form 1458, Daily Steam Boiler Plant Operating Log

18 AFI32-1068 8 FEBRUARY 2017

AF Form 1459, Water Treatment Operating Log for Steam and High Temperature Water Boilers

AF Form 1464, Monthly Steam Boiler Plant Operating Log

Adopted Forms

AF Form 847, Recommendation for Change of Publication

DD Form 416, Purchase Request for Coal, Coke, or Briquettes

DD Form 1155, Order for Supplies or Services

EPA Forms

Initial Notification of Applicability (Area Sources), http://www.epa.gov/ttn/atw/boiler/imptools/area_initial_notification.doc

Initial Notification of Applicability (Major Sources), http://www.epa.gov/ttn/atw/boiler/imptools/majorinotificationofapplicability.docx

Tune-up Information, http://www.epa.gov/ttn/atw/boiler/imptools/area_tuneup_info_only.docx

Abbreviations and Acronyms

°F—degrees Fahrenheit

∆T—change in temperature/ambient

AF/A4CE—Directorate of Civil Engineer, Energy and Environment Division

AF/A4CS—Directorate of Civil Engineers, Sustainment Division

AFCEC/CO—Air Force Civil Engineer Center, Operations Directorate

AFCEC/CZO—Air Force Civil Engineer Center, Environmental Directorate, Operations

Division

AFCEC/CZTQ—Air Force Civil Engineer Center, Compliance Technical Support

AFCEC—Air Force Civil Engineer Center

AFI—Air Force Instruction

AFIMSC—Air Force Installation and Mission Support Center

AFMAN—Air Force Manual

AFPD—Air Force Policy Directive

AFRC—Air Force Reserve Command

AFRIMS—Air Force Records Information Management System

ANG—Air National Guard

APIMS—Air Program Information Management System

ASHRAE—American Society of Heating, Refrigeration, and Air-conditioning Engineers

ASME—American Society of Mechanical Engineers http://www.epa.gov/ttn/atw/boiler/imptools/area_initial_notification.doc http://www.epa.gov/ttn/atw/boiler/imptools/majorinotificationofapplicability.docx http://www.epa.gov/ttn/atw/boiler/imptools/area_tuneup_info_only.docx

AFI32-1068 8 FEBRUARY 2017 19

BCE—Base Civil Engineer

BLCC—Building Life Cycle Cost

Btu—British thermal unit

Btu/h—British thermal units per hour

CAA—Clean Air Act

CDX—central data exchange

CEDRI—Compliance and Emissions Data Reporting Interface

CFR—Code of Federal Regulations

CONUS—continental United States

COR—Contracting Officer’s Representative

DD—Department of Defense (form)

DLA—Defense Logistics Agency

DoD—Department of Defense

EGU—electrical (utility steam) generating unit

EPA—Environmental Protection Agency

ETL—Engineering Technical Letter

FAX—facsimile (telecopying)

FGS—Final Governing Standards

FMO—Fuels Management Office

FMT—Fuels Management Team

FR—Federal Register

HAP—hazardous air pollutant

HHV—high heating value

HPS—high-pressure steam

HTW—high-temperature water

HVAC—heating, ventilation, air conditioning

IAW—in accordance with

ISO—International Organization for Standardization

LCCA—life cycle cost analysis

LPS—low-pressure steam

LTW—low-temperature water

MACT—Maximum Achievable Control Technology

20 AFI32-1068 8 FEBRUARY 2017

MICT—Management Internal Control Toolset

MAJCOM—major command

MBtu/h—thousand British thermal units per hour

MIL-STD—military standard

MMBtu/hr—million British thermal units per hour (Roman numeral M = 1000)

MTW—medium-temperature water

NB—National Board

NBIC—National Board Inspection Code

NDT—non-destructive testing

NESHAP—National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants

NFPA—National Fire Protection Association

NIST—National Institute of Standards and Technology

NOC—Notification of Compliance (Status Report)

OCONUS—outside continental United States

O&M—operation and maintenance

OPR—Office of Primary Responsibility

POC—point of contact psia—pounds per square inch absolute psig—pounds per square inch gauge

QAE—quality assurance evaluator

RDS—Records Disposition Schedule

RPIE—real property installed equipment

TBtu—trillion British thermal units

T.O—Technical Order

UFC—Unified Facilities Criteria

UFGS—Unified Facilities Guide Specification

UPV—unfired pressure vessel

USC—United States Code

Terms

Affected Boiler (or Affected Source)—An affected boiler (and process heater for a Major

Source) is any non-residential or non-exempt boiler (refer to A3.7. for list of exemptions). For an Area Source, affected boilers include boilers which combust coal, biomass, or oil. For a

Major Source, an affected boiler or process heater combusts gas, oil, coal, or biomass.

AFI32-1068 8 FEBRUARY 2017 21

Area Source—Any contiguous area under common control (such as an Air Force installation) that is not a Major Source (i.e., that emits, or has the potential to emit, less than 10 tons per year of any single HAP and less than 25 tons per year of any combination of HAPs).

Biomass—Any organically-based solid fuel that is not solid waste. This includes, but is not limited to, wood residue and wood…