SS704-002020-02.docx

SS704-002020-02 May 6, 2022

VIRGINIA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

2020 ROAD AND BRIDGE SUPPLEMENTAL SPECIFICATIONS

SECTION 704 – PAVEMENT MARKINGS AND MARKERS

SECTION 704 – PAVEMENT MARKINGS AND MARKERS of the Specifications is amended as follows:

Section 704.02 – Materials is amended to replace the first paragraph with the following:

For Type B, Class VI pavement marking materials that are to be applied to latex emulsion or slurry seal surfaces, the selected Type B, Class VI manufacturer shall be a manufacturer that approves and warranties their product for application on that type of surface.

Section 704.03 – Procedures is amended to replace the second paragraph with the following:

The Contractor shall have a certified Pavement Marking Technician present during all temporary pavement marking, permanent pavement marking, and pavement marker operations, except Flexible Temporary Pavement Marker (FTPM) installation.

Section 704.03 – Procedures is amended to replace the fourth through tenth paragraph with the following:

If the Contractor cannot have permanent pavement markings installed within the time limits specified, the Contractor shall install and maintain temporary pavement markings within the same time limits at no additional cost to the Department until the permanent pavement markings can be installed. Installation, maintenance, and removal or eradication of temporary pavement markings shall be according to Section 512.

The Contractor may mark the locations of proposed permanent markings on the roadway by installing premarking materials. Premarkings may be accomplished by installing removable tape, chalk, or lumber crayons, except pavement markings such as stop lines, crosswalks, messages, hatching, etc., shall be premarked using chalk or lumber crayons. Premarkings for yellow markings may be white or yellow. Premarkings for other colors shall be white.

When tape is used as a premarking material, premarking shall consist of 4- inch by 4-inch-maximum squares or 4-inch-maximum diameter circles spaced at 100-foot minimum intervals in tangent sections and 50-foot minimum intervals in curved sections. At locations where the pavement marking will switch colors (e.g., gore marking) the ends of the markings may be premarked regardless of the spacing.

When the Contractor uses chalk or lumber crayon as a premarking, the entire length of the proposed pavement marking may be premarked.

Premarkings shall be installed so their installation will not affect the adhesion of the permanent pavement markings. When removable tape is used as the premarking material and the lateral location of such premarkings to location of the final pavement markings exceeds 6 inches, the tape shall be removed at no additional cost to the Department.

The Contractor shall exercise caution and protect the public from damage while performing pavement marking operations. The Contractor shall be responsible for the complete preparation of the pavement surface, including, but not limited to, removing dust, dirt, loose particles, oily residues, curing compounds, concrete laitance, residues from eradication, and other foreign matter immediately before installing pavement markings. The pavement surface shall be clean and dry at the time of pavement marking installation and shall be tested in accordance with VTM 94 before permanent installation, with the VTM 94 test results noted on Form C-85. The Contractor shall provide the equipment indicated in VTM 94 that are needed to perform the moisture test before application.

Section 704.03 – Procedures is amended by replacing the thirteenth paragraph with the following:

Non-truck mounted equipment shall be regulated to allow for calibration of the amount and type of material applied.

Section 704.03 – Procedures is amended to replace the eighteenth paragraph with the following:

Glass beads and retroreflective optics shall be applied at the rate specified herein or as specified in the Department’s Approved List for the specific pavement marking product. Beads and optics shall be evenly distributed over the entire lateral and longitudinal surface of the marking. The Contractor shall apply beads to the surface of liquid markings with a bead dispenser attached to the applicator that shall uniformly dispense beads simultaneously on and into the just-applied marking. The bead dispenser shall be equipped with a cut-off control synchronized with the applied marking material cut off control so that the beads are applied totally on the marking. Beads shall be applied while the liquid marking is still fluid, resulting in approximately 60% embedment in the marking’s surface. Beads installed on crosswalks and stop lines on roadways with curbs only (no gutter) may be hand applied for two feet at the end of each line next to the curb with 100 percent of the beads embedded 50% to 60% into the marking’s surface.

Section 704.03(a)1 – Type A markings is replaced with the following:

Type A markings shall be applied in accordance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions. When applying atop existing pavement markings, the existing marking shall first be swept or eradicated to the extent necessary to ensure that the surface of the existing marking is clean, chalk free (not powdery), and well adhered.

Glass beads for Type A, Class I markings shall be AASHTO M 247 Type 1 Beads applied at a minimum rate of 6 pounds per gallon of paint

Retroreflective optics for Type A, Class II markings shall be applied as noted in the Department’s Approved List 20 for the selected pavement marking product.

The Contractor may substitute Type A, Class I cold weather paint (traffic paint designed for application at temperatures below 40 °F) for Type A, Class I conventional paint at no additional cost to the Department. Cold weather paint shall be from the Department’s Approved List 20.

Section 704.03(a)2 – Type B markings is amended to replace the third paragraph with the following:

Non–truck mounted equipment for application of thermoplastic material shall include an extrude die with a burner, temperature controller, agitator, and mechanical bead applicator to allow for the correct amount of material to be applied.

Section 704.03(a)2a – Thermoplastic (Class I) is amended to replace the fourth through sixth paragraphs with the following:

Thermoplastic shall not be applied over existing pavement markings of materials other than paint or thermoplastic, unless the existing marking is 90 percent percent worn away or eradicated. When applying thermoplastic over existing paint or thermoplastic, the existing marking shall first be swept or eradicated to the extent necessary to ensure that the surface of the existing marking is clean, chalk free (not powdery), and well adhered.

Thermoplastic marking material shall be applied at thickness of 90 mils (± 5 mils) above the riding surface, whether dense or open graded surface.

Glass beads and retroreflective optics shall be surface applied at the rate of 10 pounds per 100 square feet unless specified otherwise on the Materials Division’s Approved Products List 43 for the specific thermoplastic product.

Section 704.03(a)2b – Preformed thermoplastic (Class II) is amended to replace the first and second paragraphs with the following:

Preformed thermoplastic (Class II) material shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions. A primer or sealer manufactured by or recommended by the preformed thermoplastic manufacturer shall be applied to all hydraulic cement concrete surfaces and to asphalt concrete surfaces in accordance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions.

Preformed thermoplastic shall not be applied over existing pavement markings of materials other than paint or thermoplastic, unless the existing marking is 90 percent worn away or eradicated. When applying preformed thermoplastic over existing paint or thermoplastic, the existing marking shall first be swept or eradicated to the extent necessary to ensure the surface of the existing marking is clean, chalk free (not powdery), and well adhered.

Permanent transverse rumble strips shall be applied using two strips of white Type B, Class II material. The bottom strip shall be 250 mils thick and 4 inches wide, and the top strip shall be 125 mils thick and 2 inches wide (centered atop the bottom strip), unless noted otherwise in the plans. Transverse rumble strips shall be installed in arrays as per the Standard Drawings and the plans.

Section 704.03(b) – Pavement messages and symbols markings is amended to replace the second paragraph with the following:

Surface temperature at time of application shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s installation instructions. If the installation instructions do not specify minimum surface temperature, then the markings shall not be installed unless the surface temperature at time of application is 50°F or higher.Surface temperature requirements shall not be considered met if the temperature is forecasted to drop below the minimum within two hours of application. The Contractor may heat the pavement for a short duration to dry the pavement surface and bring the surface temperature to within the allowable temperatures for pavement marking installation, at no extra cost to the Department. Heat torch temperatures shall not exceed 300°F. The Contractor shall monitor pavement temperature to ensure it does not rise above 120°F at any time. Any damage to the pavement shall be promptly repaired at no extra cost to the Department.

Message and symbol markings include, but shall not be limited to, those detailed in Standard Drawing PM-10.

The sizes and shapes of symbols and characters shall match the size and shape specified in Standard Drawing PM-10 or elsewhere in the Contract. Hand-drawn or “stick” symbols or characters will not be allowed.

Table VII-3 is replaced with the following:

TABLE VII-3

Pavement Markings

Thickness (mils) Pavement Surface Application Limitations Appr. List No.

when wet

AC

HCC

HCC

Alkyd

HCC

Hydrocarbon 90 5 when dry

AC

HCC

HCC

when wet

AC

HCC

HCC

65 min2

AC

HCC

HCC

HCC

E

1Thinnest portion of the tape’s cross section.

2Thickest portion of the tape’s cross section.

3In accordance with manufacturer's installation instructions.

4In accordance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions, except that Type B, Class VI markings on new plant mix asphalt surfaces shall be inlaid into the freshly installed asphalt surface and not surface-applied.

Section 704.03(d)1 – Snowplowable raised pavement markers is renamed Section 704.03(d)1 – Inlaid Pavement Markers and replaced as follows:

Inlaid Pavement Markers shall be installed with retroreflectors with front-side and back-side colors as per Standard Drawing PM-8.

The Contractor shall not install markers on existing bridge decks. Inlaid Pavement Markers shall be installed on new bridge decks where required by the Plans.

Inlaid Pavement Markers shall be placed in relation to pavement joints and cracks as follows:

· In existing Asphalt Concrete pavement, new or existing Hydraulic Cement Concrete pavement, and bridge decks, the edge of the groove shall be at least 2 inches from pavement joints and cracks, ensuring that the finished line of markers is straight in accordance with the tolerance for pavement markings specified in Section 704.03 of the Specifications. Offset from the longitudinal joint shall take precedence over straightness of the line of markers.

· In new Hydraulic Cement Concrete pavement or when installed in conjunction with new latex modified microsurfacing or slurry seal treatments, the edge of the groove shall be at least 2 inches from all longitudinal and transverse surface course pavement joints and 1 inch maximum off alignment from the corresponding pavement marking line. The finished line of markers shall be straight in accordance with the tolerance for pavement markings specified in Section 704.03 of the Specifications. Straightness of the line of markers and alignment with the corresponding pavement marking line takes precedence over offset from the surface course joint.

Retroreflectors shall be affixed to holders, using an adhesive from the Department’s Approved List 22 (Inlaid Pavement Markers) prior to installation.

Inlaid Pavement Markers shall be installed as per Standard Drawing PM-8.

Tapered grooves and plunge cuts shall be cut using diamond blades that can accurately control the groove dimensions, resulting in smooth uniform tapers and smooth groove bottoms and ensuring the pavement does not tear or ravel. The Contractor shall remove all dirt, grease, oil, loose or unsound layers, and any other material from the groove which would reduce the bond of the adhesive. Pavement surfaces shall be maintained in a clean and dry condition until the marker is placed.

Holders shall be installed in the same shift as grooving.

The epoxy adhesive shall be thoroughly mixed until it is uniform in color, and applied in accordance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions. The Contractor shall partially fill the plunge cut with sufficient epoxy adhesive such that the epoxy adhesive bed area is equal to the bottom area of the holder. The Contractor shall then set the holder in the epoxy adhesive such that the breakaway tabs are resting on the road surface, the holder is centered in the cut, and then fill in additional epoxy adhesive if necessary so the entire perimeter of the holder is completely surrounded in epoxy, with the epoxy level with the edge of the holder in accordance with the manufacturer instructions.

The Contractor shall remove all adhesive and foreign matter from the face of the retroreflector or replace the retroreflector if adhesive and foreign matter cannot be removed. The marker shall be replaced if it is not properly positioned and adhered in the plunge cut.

Section 704.03(d)2 – Raised Pavement Markers is renamed Nonplowable Raised Pavement Markers and is replaced with the following:

Nonplowable raised pavement markers shall be bonded to the surface in accordance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions. The bonding material shall be from the Deparment’s Approved List 22 for the specific marker.

Section 704.04 – Measurement and Payment is amended to replace the fifth paragraph with the following:

Pavement markers will be measured in units of each for the type specified and will be paid for at the contract unit price per each. This price shall include surface preparation, furnishing, installing, prismatic retroreflectors, pavement cutting, adhesive, holders, quality control tests, and daily log.

Section 704.04—Measurement and Payment is amended by revising the Pay Item Table as follows:

The following pay items are removed:

The following pay items are inserted: