Specifications for Jewel Basin RD #5392.pdf

Flathead Nat’l Forest, Jewel Basin NFSR #5392 Gravel & Laydown

Project Specifications for Construction of Roads

Table of Contents

Section 101—Abbreviations, Acronyms, & Terms

Section 102—Definitions Section 103—Intent of Contract Section 104—Maintenance for Traffic Section 105—Control of Materials

Section 106—Measurement & Payment Section 160—Quality Control & Quantity Measurement

Section 207—Developing Water Supply & Watering Section 304—Aggregate Base or Surface Course Section 306—Reconditioning Existing Road

Section 601—Mobilization Section 703—Aggregate

Section 725—Miscellaneous Material

(March, 2010)

Flathead Nat’l Forest, NFSR #5392 Gravel & Laydown

Section 101—Abbreviations, Acronyms, & Terms

101.01 Terms, Organizations, & Standards

These specifications are generally written in the imperative mood. In sentences using the imperative mood, the subject, ―the Contractor,‖ is implied. Also implied in this language is ―shall,‖ ―shall be,‖ or similar words and phrases. In material specifications, the subject may also be the supplier, fabricator, or manufacturer supplying material, products, or equipment for use on the project.

Wherever ―directed,‖ ―required,‖ ―prescribed,‖ or similar words are used, the ―direction,‖

―requirement,‖ or ―order‖ of the Contracting Officer (CO) is intended. Similarly, wherever ―approved,‖

―acceptable,‖ ―suitable,‖ ―satisfactory,‖ or similar words are used, they mean ―approved by,‖

―acceptable to,‖ or ―satisfactory to‖ the CO.

The word ―will‖ generally pertains to decisions or actions of the CO.

Whenever in these specifications, or in other contract documents, the following terms (or pronouns in place of them) are used, the intent and meaning shall be interpreted as follows: reference to a specific standard, test, testing method, or specification shall mean the latest published edition or amendment that is in effect at the solicitation issue date for Public Works Contracts or the sale advertisement date for

Timber Sale Contracts.

These specifications are divided into the following divisions:

Division 100 consists of general specifications for which no direct payment is made.

Division 150 consists of engineering requirements. Work under this division is paid for directly when there is a PAY ITEM IN THE SCHEDULE OF ITEMS. When there is no PAY ITEM IN THE

SCHEDULE OF ITEMS, no direct payment is made.

Divisions 200–600 consist of construction contract requirements for specific items of work. Work under these divisions is paid for directly or indirectly according to Section 106 and the section for ordering the work when there is a PAY ITEM IN THE SCHEDULE OF ITEMS.

Division 700 contains the material requirements for Divisions 200–600. No direct payment is made under Division 700. Payment for material is included as part of the work required in Divisions

200–600.

(a) Acronyms. The following acronyms are used in these specifications:

AA Aluminum Association

AASHTO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials

ACI American Concrete Institute

ADA Americans With Disabilities Act

AGC Associated General Contractors of America

AI Asphalt Institute

AISC American Institute of Steel Construction

AITC American Institute of Timber Construction

ALSC American Lumber Standards Committee

ANSI American National Standards Institute

APA American Plywood Association

ARTBA American Road and Transportation Builders Association

ASTM American Society for Testing and Material

AWPA American Wood Preservers Association

AWS American Welding Society

AWWA American Water Works Association

CFR Code of Federal Regulations

CRSI Concrete Reinforcing Steel Institute

DEMA Diesel Engine Manufacturers Association

DOT U.S. Department of Transportation

EPA Environmental Protection Agency

FAR Federal Acquisition Regulation

FHWA Federal Highway Administration

FLH Federal Lands Highway (Federal Highway Administration)

FPL Forest Products Laboratory

FSS Federal Specifications and Standards

ICRI International Concrete Repair Institute

ISSA International Slurry Surfacing Association

MIL Military Specification(s)

MSHA Mine Safety and Health Administration

MUTCD Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices

NBS National Bureau of Standards

OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration

PCI Prestressed Concrete Institute

PTI Post-Tensioning Institute

SI International System of Units

SSPC Steel Structures Painting Council

SSPC Steel Structures Painting Council

USN United States Navy

WCLIB West Coast Lumber Inspection Bureau

WWPA Western Wood Products Association

WWPI Western Wood Preservation Institute

(b) System of International Units (SI) Symbols.

(c) SI Prefix Symbols.

(d) Slope Notation (horizontal : vertical). Express the slope as the ratio of a number of units horizontal to one unit vertical.

101.02 Abbreviations & Symbols

ABS Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene

ACA Ammoniacal copper arsenate

ACZA Ammoniacal copper zinc arsenate

Agg Aggregate

Al Aluminum

AOS Apparent opening size

AQ Actual quantities

AQL Acceptable Quality Level

BMP Best Management Practice

CAPWAP Case pile wave analysis program

CCA Chromated copper arsenate

CMP Corrugated metal pipe

CMPA Corrugated metal pipe arch

CO Contracting Officer

CPF Composite pay factor

CSP Corrugated steel pipe

CSPA Corrugated steel pipe arch

CTB Cement-treated base

CY Cubic Yard

Cubic CY MI Cubic Yard Mile

DAR Durability Absorption Ratio

Dia Diameter

DQ Designed quantities

DTI Direct tension indicator

Dwgs Drawings

EA Each

FM Fineness modulus

Ft Foot

GAL Gallon

GFM Government-furnished materials

Gr Grade

Ht Height ha Hectare

HDO High-density overlay

HDPE High-density polyethylene hr Hour

Hor Horizontal

HSLA High-strength low-alloy

In Inch kg Kilogram kL Kiloliter kL km Kiloliter kilometer km Kilometer

L Length l Liter

Lbs pounds

LF Linear Foot

LS Lump Sum

LSL Lower specification limit m Meter m2 Square meter m3 Cubic Yard m3 km Cubic Yard kilometer

Matl Material max. Maximum

Mbf Thousand board feet

Mi Mile

MFBM One thousand feet board measure

M Gals One thousand gallons

M Gals Mi One thousand gallons mile min. Minimum

Misc Miscellaneous mm Millimeter

MSF One thousand square feet

N/C Numerically controlled

PG Performance-graded

PI Plasticity index ppm Parts per million

PS Product Standard (issued by the U.S. Department of Commerce) psi Pounds per square inch

PVC Polyvinylchloride

Sec Section

SF Square Feet

SQ Staked quantities

STA Station

STA YD Station Yard

SY Square Yard t Metric Ton (1,000 kg) t km Ton kilometer

T Temperature

T&L Tops and limbs

TFE Tetraflouroethylene

Th Thickness

TM Ton mile

Ton Short ton (2,000 lbs)

TV Target value

USL Upper specification limit

Vert Vertical

VMA Voids in Mineral Aggregate

VOC Volatile organic compound

Yd Yard

W Width

W/ With

W/O Without

WW Woven wire

WWF Welded wire fabric

" Inches

' Feet

Section 102—Definitions

Wherever the following terms, or pronouns in place of them, are used in these specifications or in other contract documents, the intent and meaning are as follows:

Adjustment in Contract Price. ―Equitable adjustment,‖ as used in the Federal Acquisition Regulations, or ―construction cost adjustment,‖ as used in the Timber Sale Contract, as applicable.

Arch. A culvert section, usually formed of bolted structural plates, that is an arc of a circle (usually one-half or less); that is, a bottomless culvert.

Base Course. The layer or layers of specified or selected material of designed thickness placed on a subbase or subgrade to support a surface course. (See figure 102-1.)

Bearings. The portion of a beam, girder, or truss that transmits the bridge superstructure load to the substructure.

Berm. Curb or dike constructed to control roadway runoff water. (See figure 102-1.)

Best Management Practice. A series of water quality protection practices and procedures approved or certified by the State water quality agency under the provisions of sections 319 and 402 of the Clean

Water Act, as amended.

Bridge. A structure, including supports, erected over a depression or an obstruction, such as water, a road, a trail, or a railway, and having a floor for carrying traffic or other moving loads.

Bridge Length. The overall length measured along the centerline of road to the back of abutment backwalls, if present; otherwise, end to end of the bridge floor, but in no case less than the total clear opening of the structure.

Bridge Traveled Way Width. The clear width measured at right angles to the longitudinal centerline of the bridge between the bottom of curbs or, if curbs are not used, between the inner faces of parapet or railing.

Certificate of Compliance. A signed statement by a person with legal authority to bind a company or supplier to its product. The certificate states that the material or assemblies furnished fully comply with the requirements of the contract.

Change. ―Change‖ means ―change order‖ as used in the Federal Acquisition Regulations, or ―design change‖ as used in the Timber Sale Contract.

Clearing Limits. The limits of clearing as designated on the ground or on the drawings. (See figure

102-1.)

Cofferdam. A cofferdam is an enclosed single or double wall braced structure with walls sheeted with timber, concrete, or steel, and extending well below the bottom of excavation, when practical. Earthen or rockfill dikes, dams, or embankments are not considered cribs or cofferdams for this purpose.

Conduit. A natural or artificial channel for carrying fluids, such as water pipe, canal, or aqueduct.

Construction Slash. All vegetative material not meeting Utilization Standards, such as tops and limbs, timber, brush, and grubbed stumps associated with construction or reconstruction of a facility.

Contracting Officer (CO). The person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the CO acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the CO. Authorized representatives include the Forest Service Representative, Engineering Representative, Contracting

Officer‘s Representative, and Inspector.

Contractor. The individual, partnership, joint venture, or corporation undertaking the execution of the work under the terms of the contract and acting directly or through agents, employees, or subcontractors.

As used in specifications and drawings for specified roads (Timber Sale Contracts), ―Contractor‖ is

―purchaser.‖

Controlled Felling. Directing the placement of trees in felling by using wedges, jacks, cable tension, or distribution of holding wood, or any combinations of these, to ensure that trees are dropped into previously cleared areas, or clear of any objects that are to remain.

Culvert. A conduit or passageway under a road, trail, or other obstruction. A culvert differs from a bridge in that it is usually constructed entirely below the elevation of the traveled way.

Curve Widening. Additional width added to curves to allow for vehicle offtracking.

Cushion Material. Native or imported material generally placed over rocky sections of unsurfaced roads to provide a usable and maintainable traveled way.

Defect. A failure to meet a requirement with respect to a single quality characteristic.

Drawings. The documents, including plan and profile sheets, plans, cross sections, diagrams, layouts, schematics, descriptive literature, illustrations, schedules, performance and test data, and similar materials showing details for construction of a facility.

Embankment. A structure of soil, aggregate, or rock material placed on the prepared ground surface and constructed to subgrade.

Engineer. The Contracting Officer‘s Representative (COR) responsible for onsite administration of the contract.

Equipment. All machinery and equipment, together with the necessary supplies for upkeep and maintenance, as well as tools and apparatus necessary for the proper construction and acceptable completion of the work.

Excess Excavation. Material from the roadway in excess of that needed for construction of designed roadways.

Falsework. Any temporary construction work used to support the permanent structure until it becomes self-supporting. Falsework includes steel or timber beams, girders, columns, piles, foundations, and any proprietary equipment including modular shoring frames, post shores, and adjustable horizontal shoring.

Forest Service. The United States of America, acting through the Forest Service, U.S. Department of

Agriculture.

Government Land. National Forest System lands, and other lands controlled or administered by the

Forest Service or other Federal agencies.

Inspector. The Government-authorized representative designated in writing by the Contracting Officer, Contracting Officer‘s Representative, or Engineering Representative responsible for detailed inspection.

Invert. The lowest point of the internal cross section of culvert or pipe arch.

Job-Mix Formula. The percentage of each material in a mixture intended for a particular use.

Laboratory. A testing laboratory of the Government, or any other testing laboratory approved by the Contracting Officer.

Live Stream. A defined streambed with flowing water.

Lot. An isolated quantity of material from a single source; a measured amount of construction assumed to be produced by the same process.

Materials. Any substance specified for use in the construction of the project and its appurtenances.

Maximum Density. The highest density that can be obtained for a specific material using the stated test procedure.

Measurement. Determining and expressing the quantities of work or materials.

Multibeam Girder. A precast, prestressed concrete member where the concrete deck is precast as an integral part of the member.

Neat Line. A line defining the proposed or specified limits of an excavation or structure.

Nominal Dimensions or Weights. The numerical values shown on the drawings or in the specifications as measurements of material to be used in the construction.

Nominal Maximum Particle Size. The largest sieve size listed in the applicable specification upon which any material is permitted to be retained.

Noxious Weeds or Weeds. Any exotic plant species established or that may be introduced in the State which may render land unfit for agriculture, forestry, livestock, wildlife, or other beneficial uses and which is designated by the State's Department of Agriculture, or by the County's weed management district, or by other appropriate agencies having jurisdiction, or as listed on the current ‗All States

Noxious Weed List.‘

Overbreak. Material beyond the neat line of an excavation that is removed in the process of excavation, usually by blasting.

Pass. A pass shall consist of one complete coverage of the surface.

Pavement Structure. Subbase, base, or surface course, or combination thereof, placed on a subgrade to support the traffic load and distribute it to the roadbed.

Pioneer Road. Temporary construction access built along the route of the project.

Pipe. A culvert that is circular (round) in cross section.

Pipe Arch. A pipe that has been factory-deformed from a circular shape such that the width (or span) is larger than the vertical dimension (or rise).

Profile Grade. The trace of a vertical plane, as shown on the drawings, intersecting the top surface at the centerline of the proposed facility construction.

Project Specifications. The specifications that detail the conditions and requirements specific to the individual project.

Purchaser. The individual, partnership, joint venture, or corporation contracting with the Government under the terms of a Timber Sale Contract and acting independently or through agents, employees, or subcontractors.

Random Sampling. A sample of material chosen such that each increment of a population of material has an equal probability of being selected.

Reasonably Close Conformity. Compliance with reasonable and customary manufacturing and construction tolerances, performing all work and furnishing all materials in ―reasonably close conformity‖ with lines, grades, cross sections, dimensions, and material requirements shown on the drawings, indicated in the specifications, or designated on the ground.

Right-of-Way. A general term denoting (1) the privilege to pass over land in some particular line

(including easement, lease, permit, or license to occupy, use, or traverse public or private lands), or (2) land, appurtenances thereto, or interest therein, usually in a strip, acquired for public or private passageway. (See figure 102-1.)

Road Order. An order affecting and controlling traffic on roads under Forest Service jurisdiction. Road

Orders are issued by a designated Forest Officer under the authorities of 36 CFR, part 260.

Road Template. The shape and cross-sectional dimensions of the roadway to be constructed, as defined by the construction staking notes and the characteristics of the typical sections.

Roadbed. The graded portion of a road between the intersection of subgrade and side slopes, excluding that portion of the ditch below subgrade. (See figure 102-1.)

Roadside. A general term denoting the area adjoining the outer edge of the roadway. (See figure

102-1.)

Roadway. The portion of the road within the limits of excavation and embankment, including slope rounding. (See figure 102-1.)

Schedule of Items. A schedule in the contract that contains a listing and description of construction items, quantities, units of measure, methods of measurement, unit price, and amount.

Second Samples. A sample taken when the initial sample indicates that the material is defective.

Shop Drawings. Incidental design sheets and/or drawings which the Contractor is required to submit to the Forest Service. Shop drawings shall conform to the contract requirements, but they are not part of the contract drawings. They may be drawings, diagrams, schedules, performance charts, brochures, and similar data prepared by the Contractor, subcontractor, manufacturer, suppliers, or distributors that illustrate how specific portions of the work are to be fabricated or installed.

Shoulder. The portion of the roadway contiguous to the traveled way for accommodation of stopped vehicles, emergency use, and lateral support of pavement structure. (See figure 102-1.)

Sidewalk. The portion of the roadway constructed primarily for pedestrian use.

Specifications. A description of the technical requirements for a material, product, or service that includes criteria for determining whether these requirements are met.

Spring Line. The point of contact between arch and footing.

Standard Specifications. Specifications approved for general application and repetitive use.

Station. (1) A measure of distance used for highways and railroads equal to 100 feet. (2) A precise location along a survey line.

Subbase. The layers of specified or selected material of designed thickness placed on a subgrade to support a base course.

Subgrade Treatment. Modification of roadbed material by stabilization.

Subgrade. The prepared surface, including widening for curves, turnouts, and other areas upon which a subbase, base, or surface course is constructed. For roads without base course or surface course, that portion of roadbed prepared as the finished wearing surface. (See figure 102-1.)

Substructure (Bridge). All of that part of the structure below the bearings of simple and continuous spans, skewbacks of arches, and tops of footings of rigid frames, together with the backwalls, wingwalls, and wing protection railings.

Superstructure (Bridge). The entire structure, except the substructure.

Surface Course. The top layer of a pavement structure, sometimes called the wearing course, usually designed to resist skidding, traffic abrasion, and the disintegrating effects of climate. (See figure 102-

1.)

Tackifier. Binder for vegetative mulch.

Target Value. Values that are established according to contract, and from which allowable variations are measured.

Timber Sale Contract. A written contract for the removal of national forest timber.

Tops and Limbs. All woody material including bushes, vines, and portions of trees smaller than the dimensions for timber shown in Subsection 201.03.

Traveled Way. The portion of the roadway for the movement of vehicles, exclusive of shoulders and auxiliary lanes. (See figure 102-1.)

Turnout. A short auxiliary lane on a one-lane road provided for the passage of meeting vehicles.

Unit of Measurement. The unit and fractions of units DESIGNATED IN THE SCHEDULE OF

ITEMS.

Unsuitable Material. The material excavated during roadway construction that is not usable in embankment and must be disposed of, or that can be used only in certain locations or for limited purposes.

Utilization Standards. The minimum size and percent soundness of trees described in the specifications to determine merchantable timber.

Weed Management District. A weed management district is any area of land identified for the purpose of weed management or control. Such an identified land area may be, but is not limited to one of the following: a project or job site, a County, two or more Counties, or a National Forest.

Figure 102-1.—Illustration of road structure terms.

Section 103—Intent of Contract

The intent of the contract is to provide for the complete construction of the project described in the contract. Unless otherwise provided, furnish all labor, materials, equipment, tools, transportation, and supplies, and perform all work required to complete the project in reasonably close conformity with drawings and specifications, and in accordance with provisions of the contract.

This project is for the reconditioning of the existing road and the lay down from a commercial source of crushed aggregate surfacing on 6.60 miles of the Jewel Basin NFS Road No. 5392, on the Swan Lake

Ranger District of the Flathead National Forest. The work includes, but is not limited to, mobilizing equipment, reconditioning the existing road, providing and laying down of commercial source crushed aggregate, and all other incidental items necessary to complete the project in accordance with the plans and specifications.

The work is located northeast of the town of Bigfork, in Flathead County, Montana. From the intersection of Montana Highways 35 and 83 north of Bigfork, travel east on Highway 83 approx. 2.8 miles to the intersection of Echo Lake Road. After turning left on Echo Lake Road, drive north approx.

2.2 miles to the intersection of the Foothills Road. Turn right and follow Foothills Road in an easterly direction for approx. 1.1 miles to the start of the project at the beginning of NFS Road No. 5392 on the right at a sharp bend.

Onsite work on Jewel Basin NFS Road No. 5392 is prohibited during the following summer time recreation periods when the road must be open to and passable by passenger car public traffic:

Memorial to Labor Day Holidays

May 31 through September 6, 2010

May 30 through September 5, 2011

Section 104—Maintenance for Traffic

104.01 Roads To Be Constructed

Unless otherwise SHOWN ON THE DRAWINGS or described in the PROJECT SPECIFICATIONS, keep existing roads open to all traffic during road improvement work, and maintain them in a condition that will adequately accommodate traffic. Perform no work that interferes or conflicts with traffic or existing access to the roadway surface until a plan for the satisfactory handling of traffic has been approved. Specific requirements for temporary closures, detours, part-width construction, and access to adjacent or intersecting facilities will be SHOWN ON THE DRAWINGS or described in the PROJECT

SPECIFICATIONS. Post construction signs and traffic control devices in conformance with the ―Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices‖ (MUTCD). Do not proceed with work on the project until all required signs are in place and approved.

Before shutting down any operations, take all necessary precautions to prevent damage to the project, such as temporary detours, approaches, crossings, or intersections; and provide for normal drainage and minimization of erosion. Leave all travelways in a condition suitable for traffic.

The Government may permit use of portions of the project during periods when operations have shut down. All maintenance attributable to permitted use during periods of work suspension will be provided by the Government, except for maintenance needed through the fault or negligence of the Contractor.

The Contractor shall be responsible for any maintenance not attributable to use, or that is necessary during suspensions through the fault or negligence of the Contractor.

During the time of the onsite work on Jewel Basin NFS Road No. 5392, the contractor shall close the road to public access between MP 1.35 and MP 6.60. Between MP 0.00 and MP 1.35 the contractor will accommodate the traffic of local landowners and residents. Provide at least 14 days advance written notice to the CO prior to the beginning of work on Road No. 5392, to allow the

Forest Service to issue media notices informing the public of the work.

Develop a construction sign plan identifying the type and location of all advanced warning signs necessary to safely restrict or pass public traffic. Install construction signs conforming to the Manual on

Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) prior to proceeding with any construction work. Furnish, maintain and remove all barricades and signs required for construction signing and road closures.

104.02 Use of Roads by Contractor

The Contractor is authorized to use roads under the jurisdiction of the Forest Service for all activities necessary to complete this contract, subject to the limitations and authorizations SHOWN ON THE

DRAWINGS, designated in the Road Order, or described in the PROJECT SPECIFICATIONS, when such use will not damage the roads or national forest resources, and when traffic can be accommodated safely.

104.03 Basis of Payment

No payment will be made for this item. Include all costs associated with erecting, maintaining and removing traffic control construction signing and commensurate road maintenace in the unit price bid for

Bid Item 601(01) Mobilization.

Section 105—Control of Materials

105.01 Handling Materials

Transport and handle all materials to preserve their quality and fitness for the work. Stockpile, load, and transport aggregates in a manner that will preserve specified gradation and avoid contamination.

Do not intermingle stockpiles of aggregate with different gradations.

105.02 Weighing Devices – Subsection Intentionally Deleted

105.03 Sampling & Testing of Aggregate

Submit test results and a Certificate of Compliance that states that the aggregate meets the contract requirements. Equip crushing, screening, and mixing plants with sampling devices. Take additional samples, if required by the CO, to validate the certification. Submit test results within 16 working hours of obtaining sample(s).

Before incorporating material into the work, ensure that sampling and testing of material conform to the

American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) requirements, and occur as follows:

(a) For onsite-produced materials at crushing or screening plants: after additions of any necessary blending material.

(b) For commercially produced aggregates: at the producer‘s plant or stockpile.

(c) For gradation of combined aggregate in bituminous plant mixtures: either before or after introduction of bituminous material.

These test results shall not preclude later sampling and testing for final acceptance after final processing of the material.

105.04 Certification & Sampling of Asphalt Materials – Subsection Intentionally Deleted

105.05 Rights in & Use of Materials Found or Produced on the Work

Materials produced or processed from Government lands in excess of the quantities required for performance of this contract are the property of the Government. The Government is not obligated to make reimbursement for the cost of producing these materials.

105.06 Material Sources – Subsection Intentionally Deleted

Section 106—Measurement & Payment

106.01 Measurement & Payment

Compensation provided for in the contract is full payment for performing all contract work in a complete and acceptable manner. All risk, loss, damage, or expense arising out of the nature or prosecution of the work is included in the compensation provided by the contract.

Work required by the contract will not be paid for directly unless a PAY ITEM for the work is

DESIGNATED IN THE SCHEDULE OF ITEMS.

Work referenced for measurement under another section will not be paid for directly unless a PAY ITEM for the work is DESIGNATED IN THE SCHEDULE OF ITEMS for the referenced section.

Work not paid for directly is considered to be included under the other contract PAY ITEMS.

Unless otherwise shown, work measured and paid for under one PAY ITEM will not be paid for under any other PAY ITEM.

The quantity to be paid for is the quantity DESIGNATED IN THE SCHEDULE OF ITEMS. No payment will be made for work performed in excess of that staked, ordered, or otherwise authorized.

When more than one class, size, or thickness is specified in the SCHEDULE OF ITEMS for any PAY

ITEM, suffixes will be added to the item number to differentiate between the items.

All costs associated with the cleaning of construction equipment shall be considered subsidiary to other items in this contract and the Contractor will not be paid an additional amount for this work.

106.02 Determination of Quantities

The following measurements and calculations are used to determine contract quantities.

For individual construction items, longitudinal and lateral measurements for area computations shall be made horizontally or corrected to horizontal measurement unless otherwise specified. Measurements for seeding, mulching, geotextiles, netting, erosion control blankets, and sodding shall be along slope lines.

The average end area method shall be used to compute volumes of excavation or embankment. However, if in the judgment of the CO the average end area method is impractical, measurement shall be made by volume in hauling vehicles, or by other three-dimensional methods.

Structures shall be measured according to neat lines SHOWN ON THE DRAWINGS, or as altered by the CO in writing to fit field conditions.

For items that have linear measurements, such as pipe culverts, fencing, guardrails, and underdrains, measurements shall be made parallel to the base or foundation upon which the structures are placed. Pipe and pipe arch culverts shall be measured along center of invert, and arches shall be measured at spring line.

For aggregates weighed for payment, the tonnage weight shall not be adjusted for moisture content, unless otherwise provided in PROJECT SPECIFICATIONS. For standard manufactured items—such as fence, wire, plates, rolled shapes, and pipe conduits—identified by gauge, weight, section dimensions, and so forth, such identifications shall be considered the nominal weights or dimensions. Unless controlled by tolerances in cited specifications, manufacturer‘s tolerances shall be accepted.

106.03 Units of Measurement

Work required by the contract will be paid based on the PAY UNIT as DESIGNATED IN THE

SCHEDULE OF ITEMS.

Payment will be by units defined and determined according to U.S. Standard English measure and by the following:

(a) Cubic Yard in Place. Measure solid volumes by the average end area method as follows:

1) Measure cross sections of the original ground and use with design or staked templates, or take other comparable measurements to determine the end area. Do not measure work outside of the established lines or slopes.

2) If any portion of the work is acceptable, but is not completed to the established lines and slopes, remeasure cross sections or comparable measurements of that portion of the work. Deduct any quantity outside the designated or staked limits. Use these measurements to calculate new end areas.

3) Compute the quantity using the average end areas multiplied by the horizontal distance along a centerline or reference line between the end areas. Deduct any quantity outside the designed or staked limits.

Where it is impractical to measure material by the average end area method, other approved methods involving three-dimensional measurements may be used.

Measure liquid volumes in accordance with Subsection 106.03(h).

(b) Cubic Yard in the Hauling Vehicle. Measure the cubic yard volume in the hauling vehicle using three-dimensional measurements at the point of delivery. Use vehicles bearing a legible identification mark with the body shaped so the actual contents may be readily and accurately determined. Before use, mutually agree in writing upon the volume of material to be hauled by each vehicle. Vehicles carrying less than the agreed volume may be rejected or accepted at the reduced volume.

Level selected loads. If leveling reveals that the vehicle was hauling less than the approved volume, reduce the quantity of all material received since the last leveled load by the same ratio as the ratio of the current leveled load volume to the agreed volume. Payment will not be made for material in excess of the agreed volume.

Material measured in the hauling vehicle may be weighed and converted to cubic yards for payment purpose if the conversion factors are mutually agreed to in writing.

Compute measurement using measurements of material in the hauling vehicles at the point of delivery.

Load vehicles to at least their water-level capacity. Leveling of the loads may be required when vehicles arrive at the delivery point.

(c) Cubic Yard Mile. A combination of linear and volumetric measurement meaning the movement of a cubic yard of material one (1) mile.

(d) Hour. Measurement will be for the actual number of hours ordered and performed by the

Contractor.

(e) Each. One complete unit, which may consist of one or more parts.

(f) Lump Sum. Do not measure directly. The bid amount is complete payment for all work described in the contract and necessary to complete the work for that item.

(g) MFBM. One thousand feet board measure based on nominal widths, thickness, and extreme usable length of each piece of lumber or timber actually incorporated in the job. For glued laminate timber, 1,000 board feet based on actual width, thickness, and length of each piece actually incorporated in the job.

(h) Gallon. The quantity may be measured by any of the following methods:

1) Measured volume container.

2) Metered volume. Use an approved metering system.

3) Commercially packaged volumes.

(i) Station. One hundred linear feet measured horizontally.

(j) Station Yard. A combination of linear and volumetric measurement meaning the movement of a cubic yard of material one station.

(k) Square Yard. Measure on a plane parallel to the surface being measure or horizontal.

(l) Thousand Gallons Mile. A combination of linear and volumetric measurement meaning the movement of 1,000 gallons of material one (1) mile.

(m) Ton. Short ton consisting of 2,000 pounds. Use net certified scale weights based on certified volumes.

(n) Ton Mile. A combination of linear and weight measurement meaning the movement of one (1) ton of material one (1) mile.‖

106.04 Methods of Measurement

One of the following methods of measurement for determining final payment is DESIGNATED IN

THE SCHEDULE OF ITEMS for each PAY ITEM:

(a) Designed Quantities (DQ). These quantities denote the final number of units to be paid for under the terms of the contract. They are based upon the original design data available prior to advertising the project. Original design data include the preliminary survey information, design assumptions, calculations, drawings, and the presentation in the contract. Changes in the number of units

DESIGNATED IN THE SCHEDULE OF ITEMS may be authorized under any of the following conditions:

1) Changes in the work authorized by the CO.

2) A determination by the CO that errors exist in the original design that cause a PAY ITEM quantity to change by 15 percent or more.

3) A written request submitted to the CO showing evidence of errors in the original design that cause the quantity of a PAY ITEM to change by 15 percent or more. The evidence must be verifiable and consist of calculations, drawings, or other data that show how the designed quantity is in error.

(b) Staked Quantities (SQ). These quantities are determined from staked measurements prior to construction.

(c) Actual Quantities (AQ). These quantities are determined from measurements of completed work.

(d) Vehicle Quantities (VQ). These quantities are measured or weighed in hauling vehicles.

(e) Lump Sum Quantities (LSQ). These quantities denote one complete unit of work as required by or described in the contract, including necessary materials, equipment, and labor to complete the job.

106.05 Price Adjustment for Asphalt Materials – Subsection Intentionally Deleted

106.06 Earthwork Tolerances

Where tolerances are shown in the contract, they are intended to define ―reasonably close conformity.‖

Make adjustments of horizontal or vertical alignment within the tolerances specified in this contract, or shifts of balance points up to 100 ft., as necessary to produce the designed roadway section and to balance earthwork. Such adjustments will not be considered ―changes.‖

Section 160—Quality Control & Quantity Measurement

Description

160.01 Work. Provide quality control in conformance with the Inspection of Construction provisions of this contract to ensure compliance with the drawings, specifications, and provisions of the contract.

Measure the quantities of completed work in conformance with the provisions of the applicable specification. Provide all personnel, equipment, tests, and reports necessary to meet the requirements of this specification.

Construction

160.02 Quality Control & Quantity Measurement System. Provide and maintain a quality control system that will ensure that all services, supplies, and construction required under this contract conform to the contract requirements. Perform, or cause to be performed, the sampling, inspection, and testing required to substantiate that all supplies, services, and construction conform to the contract requirements.

In addition, perform, or cause to be performed, all measurement of quantities of materials incorporated into the work or work processes that are to be measured under the provisions of the contract.

(a) Quality Control Plan. Submit in writing the following:

1) Authorities and responsibilities of inspection and testing personnel.

2) Experience and qualifications of inspection and testing personnel to be assigned and name and location of any (for hire) testing facility to be used.

(b) Approval of Quality Control Plan. Before beginning work, submit proposed quality control plan for all items requiring quality control to the CO for review. Within 5 days of receipt of the plan, the CO will determine whether the plan adequately covers quality control requirements. Do not perform construction work before receiving written approval of the proposed plan. Submit to the CO in writing any proposed changes in the approved quality control plan. Do not put proposed changes into effect until approved in writing by the CO.

1) Description of the testing facilities and information on when and where each of the required materials tests will be performed.

2) Random sampling and/or measurement plan prepared in accordance with requirements in Table

160.

3) A log of all samples that are taken by the Contractor shall be maintained for the duration of the contract, and provided to the CO upon completion of the contract. Test results on all samples shall be given directly to the CO within 16 hours of test completion.

160.03 Sampling, Testing, Inspection, & Measurement of Quantities. Provide and maintain appropriate measuring and testing devices, equipment, and supplies to accomplish the required measurement, testing, and inspection in a timely manner. Make all tests, measurements, and certifications as required by the drawings and specifications. Take samples and perform inspections and tests as necessary to achieve the quality of construction required by the contract, and make required measurements of work performed onsite or offsite under this contract. Sampling and testing frequency for specific items will be SHOWN ON THE DRAWINGS or in the PROJECT SPECIFICATION.

Where random sample or random measurement is specified, provide a stratified statistically random sample. Determine random numbers in accordance with ASTM D 3665, sections 5.1 through 5.7, or use a computer-generated random number program approved by the CO. Ensure that the sampling is stratified to eliminate the possibility that sample points are ―clustered.‖ Perform stratification by dividing the total quantity for the applicable bid item by the sample frequency. This process divides the total project quantity of one lot into sublots. Use the random number to obtain a random sampling point within each sublot. A lot may be terminated and a new lot started when approved by the CO. After a lot is terminated, do not combine it with any other lot. If material within a sublot fails to meet specification requirement, the CO may allow the sublot materials to be reworked and resampling to be performed at new randomly selected locations.

The CO may reject any quantity of material that appears to be defective based on visual inspection or test results. Do not use such rejected material in the work. Results of tests run on this rejected material will not be included in results of lot acceptance tests.

Minimum sampling and testing FREQUENCY is defined in Table 160.

Sampling and testing by the contractor shall meet the applicable AASHTO and ASTM Standards.

TABLE 160

SAMPLING, TESTING AND MEASUREMENT REQUIREMENTS

Key to symbols used in table:

CT: Sampling and testing by contractor's personnel identified by name on the approved contractor's Q/C plan. Interim approval of personnel submitted will be based on specified training or experience requirements. Final approval will be based on observation of work performance on the project.

PE: Sampling and testing under the direction of and certification by a registered engineer retained by the contractor and specifically identified on the approved contractor's Q/C plan.

FS: Sampling, testing, measuring and/or data furnished by the Forest Service.

Note: The minimum FREQUENCY shown in this table is for contractor Quality Control sampling and testing. The contractor can run additional samples over the minimum number specified in the table.

These additional samples can be taken in any manner, at any time desired by the contractor. Quality assurance sampling and testing by the Forest Service may be done at any time or location.

Required Sampling, Testing and

Measurements

Responsibility For

Sampling/Testing

Minimum Frequency

304.03 Gradation & Quality

Gradation, AASHTO T27 & T11

Liquid Limit, AASHTO T89

Plastic Limit, AASHTO T90

Fractured Faces, ASTM D5821

CT/CT Sample at crusher discharge or stockpile. One dry test per approx.

1,100 tons (approx. 800 C.Y.

loose) – 12 total for project.

Washed test, liquid and plastic limit, and fractured faces on one out of every three samples

Los Angeles Abrasion, AASHTO T96

CT/CT One per source

304.12 Thickness & Width

Requirements

Compacted aggregate thickness and width

CT/CT Three random per mile

160.04 Records of Inspection, Tests, & Measurement. Meet the following requirements for inspection and tests, and as-built drawings:

(a) Inspection and Tests. Maintain current records of all inspections and tests performed. The following format, or one with the following information, will be acceptable to the Government:

Road No. ___________________ Contract No. ____________________

Pay Item

No. Test Date

Station or

Mile Post Standard Results

Test By

(Initials)

Certify in writing that all inspections and tests were performed in accordance with specifications.

(b) As-Built Drawings. Maintain a set of the contract drawings depicting as-built conditions. Maintain these drawings in current condition, and make them available for review. Indicate all variations from contract drawings in red on the drawings. Upon completion of the contract work, if requested submit as-built drawings to the CO.

160.05 Certifications & Measurements. Meet the following requirements for offsite-produced materials and quantity measurements:

(a) Offsite-Produced Materials. Furnish certificates executed by the manufacturer, supplier, or vendor, stipulating that all materials produced offsite that are incorporated into the work meet the applicable requirements SHOWN ON THE DRAWINGS or stated in the specifications. Certify all incidental purchases needed to remedy minor shortages of material.

(b) Quantity Measurements. Make all measurements for computation of quantities for all work items, except those specified for payment by designed quantity or lump sum. Compute the quantities for periodic progress payments; the CO will compute the quantities for the final payment based on measurements taken. All Contractor measurements are subject to verification. Submit all field notes, calculation sheets, and other data used to determine quantities, and certify in writing as to the accuracy of the measurements and computations submitted.

The following format, or one containing the following information, will be acceptable to the

Government:

Road No. ____________________ Contract No. ____________________

Pay Item No. Date

Station or Mile

Post

Quantity or

Measurement

Measured By

(Initials)

Measurement

160.06 Method. Do not make separate measurements for this section.

Payment

160.07 Basis. The accepted quantities will be paid for at the contract unit price for each PAY ITEM

DESIGNATED IN THE SCHEDULE OF ITEMS. Otherwise, quality control and quantity measurement will be incidental to other specified work.

Section 207—Developing Water Supply & Watering

207.01 Work. Work consists of developing an acceptable water supply, furnishing, hauling, and applying water for crushed aggregate laydown.

Materials

207.02 Requirements. Ensure that water meets requirements of Subsection 725.01.

Construction

207.03 Development of Supply & Access. No developed water sources currently exist within the project area on National Forest Lands. Identify the location and development needs for water supplies for crushed aggregate laydown. Develop water supplies and access to the water supplies as

APPROVED BY THE CO. Use only designated or other approved water sources.

207.04 Equipment. Use watertight tanks of known capacity with mobile watering equipment. Provide uniform and controlled application of water without ponding or washing. Maintain positive control of water from the driver‘s position at all times.

Measurement

207.05 Method. Use the method of measurement that is DESIGNATED IN THE SCHEDULE OF

ITEMS.

Payment

207.06 Basis. Work under this section shall be incidental to Pay Items 304(10) Crushed

Aggregate.

Section 304—Aggregate Base or Surface Course

304.01 Work. Furnish, haul, and place aggregate base or surface course on the subgrade or base or stockpile site approved by the CO. Produce aggregate by crushing methods as DESIGNATED IN

THE SCHEDULE OF ITEMS.

Materials

304.02 Source. Obtain materials from commercial sources or stockpiles off National Forest lands

304.03 Gradation. Ensure that grading requirements for crushing or screening operations meet the requirements specified in Subsection 703.05.

After processing on the road, remove all oversize material from the road and dispose of it as

DIRECTED BY THE CO.

304.04 Quality. Ensure that all aggregate meets the quality requirements specified in Subsection

703.05.

304.05 Additives. – Subsection Intentionally Deleted

304.06 Water. Develop, haul, and apply water in accordance with Section 207.

304.07 Mineral Filler. – Subsection Intentionally Deleted

Construction

304.08 Preparation of Roadbed. Complete the roadbed in accordance with Section 306, and have it approved in writing by the CO before placing base or surface course.

304.09 Mixing and Placing. Ensure that aggregate and any required additives, water, mineral filler, and binder are uniformly mixed. Crushed aggregate products shall be uniformly blended during crushing.

Spread the aggregate in a uniform layer, with no segregation of size, and to a loose depth that has the required thickness when compacted.

If the required compacted depth of any aggregate base or surface course exceeds 6‖, place the aggregate base or surface course in two or more layers of approximately equal thickness. If the nominal maximum particle size exceeds 3‖, place the aggregate in layers that do not exceed twice the maximum size of specified aggregate size.

Operate hauling equipment over the surface of the previously constructed layer in a dispersed manner to minimize rutting or uneven compaction.

304.10 Compaction. Compact the aggregate using one of the following methods, as specified in the

SCHEDULE OF ITEMS:

(a) Compaction A. Compact the aggregate by operating spreading and hauling equipment over the full width of each layer of the aggregate.

(b) Compaction B. Moisten or dry the aggregate to a uniform moisture content suitable for compaction.

Operate vibratory steel-wheel rollers that meet the requirements specified below over the full width of each layer until visual displacement ceases, making no fewer than three complete passes.

Vibratory steel-wheel rollers shall have a minimum weight of 6 tons. The compactor shall be equipped with amplitude and frequency controls, and specifically designed to compact the material on which it is used.

(c) Compaction C. Compact each layer of aggregate to a density of at least 95 percent of the maximum density, as determined by AASHTO T 99, method C or D.

(1) Compaction C-1. Compact each layer of aggregate to a density of at least 96 percent of the maximum density, as determined by the Modified Marshall Hammer Compaction Method (available upon request from USDA Forest Service, Regional Materials Engineering Center, P.O. Box 7669, Missoula, MT

59807).

(d) Compaction D. Compact each layer of aggregate to a density of at least 95 percent of the maximum density, as determined by AASHTO T 180, method C or D.

(1) Compaction D-1. Compact each layer of aggregate to a density of at least 100 percent of the maximum density as determined by the Modified Marshall Hammer Compaction Method (available upon…