Sol_140P2021Q0008.pdf

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140P2021Q0008

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Invasive Plant Management SOLICITATION NO. 140P2021Q0008 Point Reyes National Seashore (205429/201072) Page 3 of 76

SUPPLIES OR SERVICES AND PRICES/COSTS

This requirement is for one(1) Firm Fixed Price Commercial Items Services Contract for Restoration of Native Vegetation at Badland National Park.

Item no. Item Description Quantity Unit of

Measure Unit Price Total 0001 Task 1 – Permit Reques

Submittal 1 Lump

Sum 0002 Task 2a- Meadowfoam SFDB

3.0 acres 1 Lump

Sum 0003 Task 2c – Home Ranch Ponds

1.0 acre 1 Lump

Sum 0004 Task 2c- Drakes Beach 3.0 acres 1 Lump

Sum 0005 Task 4 - Reporting 1 Lump

Sum TOTAL – Base

(Option Item)

Task 2a- Lighthouse Parking Lot 0.5 acres, South Beach Parking Area 1.0, SFDB 4.0 acres, Chimney Rock 2.25 acres =7.75 Total Acres

1 Lump Sum

(Option Item)

Task 2b - SFDB Repeat Mowing 5.0 acres. Estimated 10 trips yearly

1 Lump Sum

(Option Item)

Task 2c- Limantour 1.0 acre 1 Lump Sum

(Option Item)

Task 3- Traffic Control 1 Lump Sum

TOTAL – Options

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PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE: See Deliveries or Performance section.

SCHEDULE OF VALUES: Billing for Line Items will be done in accordance with the schedule of values found in the Statement of Work

(End of Supplies/Services and Prices/Costs)

Point Reyes National Seashore (205429/201072) Page 4 of 76

National Park Service Invasive Plant Management

Point Reyes National Seashore Sir Francis Drake Blvd, Chimney Rock Road and Parking Area, and Lighthouse, South Beach and Drakes Beach Parking Areas

PMIS #’s 205429, 201072

Point Reyes National Seashore (205429/201072) Page 5 of 76

Figure 1. Point Reyes National Seashore invasive removal project area including Sir Francis Drake Blvd., Lighthouse parking area, Chimney Rock Rd and parking area, South Beach parking area, and Drakes Beach Parking area.

Statement of Work

Scope: This scope of work is for the management of priority non-native plants in roadside construction areas and other disturbed sites associated with road construction and environmental mitigations at Point Reyes National Seashore. The disturbed area associated with recent road improvement projects totals 34.75 acres and includes approximately 13 miles of roadsides (both sides of road) 4 parking lot perimeters and islands, two wetland mitigation areas, and rare plant mitigation areas. The purpose of this invasive species removal effort is to reduce abundance of non-native plants and promote establishment of native seeded and planted species in the disturbed and mitigation areas. Thereby supporting the National Park Service mission of providing access to visitors while minimizing impacts to resources. Treatment methods may include roadside mowing, hand or mechanical removal, and if necessary, and only in designated / approved areas, limited and selective herbicide applications.

Period of Performance: The work of this contract shall be provided from approximately April 15, 2021, or upon contract award, and continue for three treatment years and end April 15, 2024.

Contacts:

Contracting Officer (CO): Todd Stackhouse, todd_stackhouse@nps.gov, 303-913-2682 Contracting Officer’s Representative (COR): Ken Stella, ken_stella@nps.gov, 303-969-2119 Pt. Reyes National Seashore Technical Contact: Lorraine Parsons, Lorraine_parsons@nps.gov, 415-464-

Definitions/Abbreviations:

PORE -Point Reyes National Seashore SFDB – Sir Francis Drake Boulevard EDRR -Early Detection and Rapid Response list of non-native plants of concern PUP -Pesticide Use Permit Mechanical/Manual -physically removing plants by hand or with hand tools Treatment -mechanical removal, chemical spraying, or roadside mowing of non-native plants Plants targeted for treatment may be referenced as non-native, invasive, and/or weeds NPS -National Park Service

1.0 GENERAL INFORMATION

1.1 Introduction: In spring of 2020, roadway resurfacing and reconstruction began at Point Reyes National Seashore (PORE). Ground disturbing activities and construction such as road work activities present a high risk of introducing and spreading non-native invasive plant species. This contract is for weed control in the areas disturbed by road construction activities and four mitigation sites.

In total 34.75 acres of land were or will be disturbed by roadway work. The disturbance area includes 12 miles of roadway along Sir Francis Drake Boulevard (SFDB) from Pierce Point Road to Chimney Rock and Lighthouse Roads (23 acres), 1 mile of Chimney Rock Road (2.5 acres). In addition, three parking areas were worked on and there is significant ground disturbance at South Beach (1.0 acre), Chimney Rock (0.25 acre), and Lighthouse (0.5 acre) parking areas. At Drakes Beach parking area there will be extensive work, including removing portions of the existing parking lot and recreating a wetland area

Point Reyes National Seashore (205429/201072) Page 6 of 76 and reconfiguring existing parking areas (~3.0 acres). The weed treatment locations at Drake’s parking area will include the perimeter of the parking lot, in parking lot islands, and around the perimeter of the newly created wetland. Along Limantour Road there are several culvert improvement locations where significant ground was disturbed during construction (1.0 acre). All disturbed areas have been reseeded with native plant species following construction activities.

This contract is for the targeted management of non-native plants within the disturbance area, roadside construction areas and mitigation areas, during the establishment period of the native seeded species.

It is anticipated that some background levels of non-native plants will exist in the project area. Species to be managed under this contract will be dependent on what plants establish post construction.

Common non-natives and non-natives of special concern are listed in the attached species lists. The species listed are not exhaustive of all the species that may occur and require treatment. Target treatment species will be adjusted as non-native plant populations are identified and deemed to be a threat to ecosystem integrity. The goal of this weed management effort is to manage non-native plants at very low levels to allow for native plants to establish with minimal competition from non-native plants.

1.2 Description of Work

All of the 34.75 acres disturbed as part of the road construction project have been or will be reseeded with native plants (Table 1). Therefore, to prevent impacts to seeded species all weed treatments will be required to be targeted in approach and may include mowing, manual or mechanical removal, and in rare cases in parking lot areas, only as approved by NPS, targeted herbicide spot spraying. All plants in the disturbance area will have just established after the completion of the project thus they should be small in stature and relatively easy to remove manually.

Priority of treatment methods will be based on principles of integrated pest management and will favor manual, mechanical, and mowing treatments. Ranches in PORE have certified organic designations and thus no herbicides will be applied along SFDB or Chimney Rock Road. If manual or mechanical treatments will not be effective on a particular species such as a rhizomatous species (perennial pepperweed, Lepidium latifolium) limited herbicide application may be considered at parking areas. All herbicide application will require prior approval from the National Park Service and require a Pesticide Use Permit (PUP) be submitted and approved. No broadcast spraying will be allowed and all applications are required to be targeted spot spraying or hand applied.

The yearly work will include using a park provided weed survey to guide treatment types and treatment areas, if herbicides are selected for limited use submit a pesticide use proposal and permit, manual or mechanical removal of weeds at defined areas approximately 10.75 acres, repeat mowing along SFDB

5.0 acres, beginning in summer/fall of 2021 an additional 5.0 acres of manual removal will be added at the wetland mitigation areas and along Limantour Road. A detailed list of tasks is described below (section 2.0 Tasks).

Point Reyes National Seashore (205429/201072) Page 7 of 76

Table 1. Treatment Areas -General location description:

Area Description of Treatment Area Disturbance

Area (Acres) Plant Control Method*

Sir Francis Drake Blvd. 12 miles of road reconstruction treatment area on both sides of road

23 Manual removal and mowing as appropriate

South Beach Parking Lot Planting zones, perimeter of parking lot 1.0 Manual removal. Spot spraying if appropriate and approved

Lighthouse Parking Lot Perimeter of parking lot, center island, plant salvage zones

0.5 Manual removal. Spot spraying if

appropriate and approved

Chimney Rock Road and Parking Lot

Roadside. One 200 ft plant salvage zone, and perimeter of parking area

2.25 Manual removal and mowing as

appropriate

Drake’s Beach Parking Lot Wetland mitigation area, center parking lot islands, perimeter of parking lot

3.0 Manual removal. Spot spraying if

appropriate and approved

Home Ranch Pond 2 and 9 Area includes perimeter of ponds and nearby staging area

1.0 Manual removal

Limnanthes mitigation areas Limnanthes seeded areas 1.4 Manual removal Limnanthes enhancement areas

Limnanthes enhancement areas 1.6 Manual removal

Limantour Road Culvert and slide repair 1.0 Manual removal Total 34.75 Treatment area will total less than total disturbance area and will be based on park provided weed survey.

*Plant control method will be variable along SFDB dependent on the abundance of species that emerge following disturbance.

Manual removal is defined as hand pulling and any mechanical treatments with hand tools but does not include mowing which is defined as a separate task.

Species to be treated will vary depending on location and habitat. Three species lists are provided in Appendix 1 and include early detection species or those that are in Marin county but not documented in the park, those that are in the park but not observed at significant levels in the project area pre-construction, those that were documented in the meadowfoam areas pre-construction. It is important to note that all of the project area is new disturbance and as such weed populations may be to some degree unpredictable. Large road construction projects result in high volumes of materials importing and many vehicles and equipment entering and working in the park. These activities can result in the introduction of new invasive species and populations. Any new populations or species introductions as a result of this project will be treated as priority treatment targets for this contract. Preconstruction information has been used to provide some target species for treatment (Appendix 1). The intent of the scope of this contract is to have the contractor utilize a park provided invasive treatment survey and treatment plan to remove non-native species in the project area. This survey will define species, species abundances, and locations. The treatment plan will allow the contractor to conduct a minimum of two yearly visits for all the manual removal treatment areas however more visits will be required in mowing and mitigation areas as described below.

Point Reyes National Seashore (205429/201072) Page 8 of 76

2.0 Tasks

Task 1 Permit Request Submittal Contractor will use the NPS provided weed survey and treatment plan to evaluate if any of the species occurring in the parking lot areas require treatment with herbicides. If herbicide application recommended by the contractor then the proposed species and treatment locations will be forwarded to the NPS for approval. If treatment is deemed appropriate by the NPS and the contractor then the contractor will provide the following: a list of proposed chemical applications, the target species, the exact area to be treated, the application method proposed, and timing of application. This shall be submitted as part a pesticide use permit application, form/format to be provided by NPS. This information will be reviewed by the NPS and may need to be revised by the contractor before approval is received. Allow a minimum of 30 days between submittal of permit request and approval/denial notification.

Task 2 Non-native invasive plant removal

Task 2a 10.75 acres -In 2021 the contractor will conduct a minimum of two visits yearly and will use mechanical methods to remove invasive species on up to 10.75 acres of disturbed land. Timing of visits should be such that species are all removed before the seed set stage and shall be spread out through the growing season to capture early and late season plants. All areas described below should be targeted for manual/mechanical removal. If aggressive invasive species, that are best treated with chemical applications, are present at the parking lot areas some limited applications may be warranted and may proceed only if approved by the NPS as described in Task 1 and in the Quality Standards section of this contract.

Treatment areas include:

A. 3.0 acres at the meadowfoam mitigation areas along SFDB B. 0.5 acres of the Lighthouse parking lot perimeter C. 1.0 acre at the South Beach parking area D. Up to 4.0 acres along SFDB as defined in NPS provided survey results E. 2.25 acres Chimney Rock Road and Chimney Rock Parking Area

Area Descriptions and Removal Requirements:

A. Meadowfoam: Along Sir Francis Drake Blvd. there are 3.0 acres of habitat for the special status plant Limnanthes douglasii ssp. sulphurea (meadowfoam) (Appendix 2). Work in this area shall not harm any of the meadowfoam seedlings, plants or meadowfoam habitat. Appendix 1 shows some of the non-native species observed in the meadowfoam mitigation area pre-construction.

Exact locations of this treatment area will be further defined upon award of the contract. The contractor will control priority non-native invasive plants included on the provided lists in Appendix 1 as well as any other non-native species that are present in high abundance and may

Point Reyes National Seashore (205429/201072) Page 9 of 76 impede native seed germination.

1.5 acres of meadowfoam. Several of the mitigation areas have low or no germination of meadowfoam. These areas will be identified by the NPS’s yearly surveys and will be weed whipped (line trimmed) to reduce cover of non-natives particularly grasses. This shall be done at least 2 times per month between March and July to keep vegetation from going to seed or growing greater than 8 inches in height, estimating 7 visits for 2021. It is anticipated that meadowfoam plants will establish in the mitigation areas in 2022 and 2023. Once plants establish this area will be moved from a mowing treatment to a manual removal treatment.

1.5 acres of meadowfoam. Removal of non-native species in meadowfoam habitat where meadowfoam is germinating should be via hand or mechanical removal and should be conducted a minimum of two times per year, to capture early and late season species. In these areas total vegetative cover of non-native invasive plants will be targeted to be below 50% total vegetative cover. Target plants for removal will be identified in the yearly NPS provided surveys.

The contractor is required to provide notice one week before working in the meadow foam mitigation areas and is required to provide work schedule including days and hours. The contractor will further be required to have an NPS designated botanist on site while working in the meadowfoam mitigation areas (NPS staff or qualified contractor will be provided by NPS and contractor will coordinate timing of treatments with the designated botanist). Prior to entry into the meadowfoam mitigation area training is required for all staff who working in the area, per the CDFW Incidental Take Permit. Training will be provided by NPS.

B. Lighthouse Parking lot: The disturbed area (weed control area) is around the perimeter of the newly constructed parking area. Treatment methods shall focus on manual/mechanical removal. The treatment area includes the roundabout, a swath of 10 feet from edge of pavement around the entire parking area, and approach road as shown in the attached Lighthouse parking area figure. At Lighthouse parking area approximately 200 plants of bunchgrasses and forbs have been transplanted into the construction disturbance area (Fig.

3.c.). The plants include the special-status Lasthenia californica ssp. macrantha, Perennial Goldfields. Non-natives around these transplanted plants should be completely removed within at least a 3-foot perimeter. If herbicide treatments are deemed appropriate for a particular specie(s) then the protocol for approval described in Task 1 and below in “Quality Standards” shall be followed.

C. South Beach Parking Lot: This area is predominately a dune environment that will have had invasive plants removed during construction. Manual removal will be required around the perimeter of the parking area and along a swale that runs away from the parking area. The total treatment area is not to exceed 1.0 acre. If herbicide treatments are deemed appropriate for a particular specie(s) then the protocol for approval described in Task 1 and below in “Quality Standards” shall be followed. South Beach is predominantly a dune environment that will have had invasive plants removed during construction. It is possible that European beachgrass (Ammophila arenaria) may move into these areas once iceplant (Carpobrotus edulis) is removed, as this has been noted in other iceplant removal areas. Iceplant that reestablishes following initial removal should be removed manually, but if beachgrass moves in to the restored area, Point Reyes National Seashore (205429/201072) Page 10 of 76 the Contractor may want to reach out to NPS for approval to spot spray herbicide, as beachgrass is a deeply rhizomatous species that is very difficult to remove manually.

D. SFDB: Up to 4.0 acres of manual removal as defined by NPS provided survey results. The agriculture along SFDB is largely certified organic and as such no herbicides will be permitted.

This work will be targeted removal of specific problematic species or dense patches of aggressive non-natives and will be accomplished by manual or mechanical methods. It is anticipated that manual removal will be required at two heavily impacted staging areas that total 2.0 acres, maps will be provided upon award of this contract. The first staging area is near A Ranch and totals 1.4 acres. The second is along Chimney Rock Road and totals 0.6 acres and is approximately 0.6 miles east of the junction with SFDB. The A Ranch staging area is known to have a significant infestation of perennial forbs including Conium maculatum (poison hemlock) and agricultural weeds such as radish and mustard species. Pennisetum clandestinum (kikuyugrass) is also present and is a high priority weed for PORE. The Chimney Rock staging area is anticipated to have weedy ruderal grasses and forbs present but does have many native species surrounding the staging area. The desired condition in the staging area is that it is similar to the state it was in pre-construction which was a mix of native and non-native species as represented in the grasslands adjacent to the disturbed area.

E. Chimney Rock Road and Parking area disturbances equals 2.25 acres. Manual removal shall be conducted along a 300 foot section of Chimney Rock Road where some large clumps of native grasses were salvaged and replanted along slopes and behind newly created curbs along. The remainder of the road and parking area include relatively narrow roadside disturbances.

Manual removal will be targeted and should be anticipated to be intense in the plant salvage and parking lot areas (1.5 acres) and targeted to highly invasive species along the roadside (1.0 acre).

Task 2b – Repeat mowing (or weed whipping) up to 5 acres. The NPS provided roadside weed survey will include recommended mowing areas. Mowing may be done with a conventional mower or weed whipping tools. It is anticipated these areas will be along SFDB and may include staging areas. Mowing should be anticipated to be required 2 times per month from March to July.

Mowing activities will:

Begin in early spring before bird nesting season (March 15th). In 2021 nesting surveys may be required before treatment and will be provided by NPS and coordinated between NPS and the contractor

Keep vegetation below 8 inches in height for the length of the growing season Be done frequently enough to reduce flowering and seed set of invasive non-native plants

Task 2c -Beginning in summer or fall of 2021 the contractor will conduct mechanical removal methods on up to 5 acres of disturbed land. These areas include:

A. 1.0 acre at the Home Ranch Ponds mitigation sites B. 3.0 acres at Drakes Beach Mitigation area C. 1.0 acre at a slide area and culvert replacement areas along Limantour Road

Point Reyes National Seashore (205429/201072) Page 11 of 76

A. Home Ranch Ponds are two small ponds that were created for wetland and frog habitat (1 acre).

The perimeter of these ponds and associated disturbance areas will be treated until native species are dominant, see description below.

B. At Drakes Beach Parking area there is a 3 acre wetland mitigation area that will be created in the 2021 (Appendix 3). This area will be planted with over 5,000 native container plants and seeded with native species. All treatment work in this area shall be targeted manual and mechanical removal. Removal will be required to be sensitive to planted and seeded plants. Trampling via excessive foot traffic shall be avoided as shall working when soils are wet. Removal must not damage planted plants, seeded plants, soils, or any intact vegetation. In all areas all non-natives present will be first year growth and as such are anticipated to be small in stature with small root zones.

Vegetation requirements in the approved mitigation plan for Home Ranch Ponds and Drakes Wetland Mitigation include: The stated vegetation goal or targets in the wetland restoration monitoring plan state that in the wetland planted areas native facultative or wetter species will have a minimum vegetative cover of 10% in year 1, 20% in year 2, 35% in year 3, 55% in year 4, and 70% in year 5. The disturbed dune area is targeted to have reached vegetation success when native cover is a minimum of 35%. Across the disturbance area state listed noxious weeds designated as category “High” as identified in Cal.ipc.org do not exceed more than 5% cover above that of noxious weed cover in similar adjacent habitat. Target species lists provided to the contractor from the NPS yearly weed surveys will include all state listed noxious weeds designated as category “High” as well as other targeted non-native species. In these areas total vegetative cover of non-native plants will be targeted to be kept below 50% cover and cover of state listed noxious weeds below 5% cover.

C. Limantour weed removal, 1.0 acre, will include targeted manual removal of non-native invasive species at culvert replacement areas and one slide repair area.

Task 3- Traffic Control. When working off of the pavement traffic control shall include advance warning signs indicating a work zone is ahead, a work zone sign, and an end of work zone sign. If work is to be done on the pavement either with slow moving vehicles (mowers) or on foot traffic control should include flaggers.

Signs and traffic control plan shall be per Federal Highway Administration specifications (Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices). The contractor shall determine the temporary traffic control (TTC) plan that is appropriate for the work to be conducted.

If flaggers are utilized they must be trained and currently certified through ATSSA or other DOT-approved training company.

Traffic control plan should be submitted for review, revision (as needed), and approval two weeks before work is to be initiated.

Task 4- Reporting. A brief, 2 to 4 page report will be provided to the CO at the end of each calendar year. The report shall describe the work completed with photos illustrating typical non-native plant

Point Reyes National Seashore (205429/201072) Page 12 of 76 abundance and treatment techniques. The report shall document the type of herbicide utilized, location used, and target species. The report shall also document in a separate section the treatments used in the meadowfoam mitigation area and include what methods were used and what species were removed or treated. At a minimum the sections in the report shall include meadowfoam mitigation treatment details, herbicide usage details (entire project), Drake’s beach treatment details, and a photos section including representative site photos.

3.0 Quality Standards

Species:

Appendix 1 includes three species lists. These lists provide an initial guide as to what species were present pre construction or are of concern in the project area. Additional non-native species including annuals and perennials will likely present themselves in the disturbance area and will be identified by NPS surveys and targeted for removal as appropriate.

The first two lists in Appendix 1 are priority species that are either not documented in the park or documented at low levels. These species shall be aggressively removed with a target of 0% vegetative cover.

The third list is of more common species that will be treated differently in different locations.

These species will be treated more aggressively in the meadowfoam and wetland mitigation areas but will be treated in a more targeted fashion in the remainder of the project.

Annuals may germinate at very high rates post disturbance. Common annuals will likely include non-native annual grasses like Bromus diandrus, Avena barbata, Avena fatua, Bromus hordeaceous, and others.

Non-native annual forbs such as Wild radish and mustard (Hirschfeldia and Brassica sp) should also be expected.

Several common perennial non-native species are listed in appendix 1 list 3.

The yearly non-native plant survey conducted by the NPS will identify non-native invasive species locations and populations to target. Those treatment areas will not exceed the area calculations listed in this contract.

Mitigation Areas:

For mitigation areas (1.5 acres at Drake’s Beach, 3.0 acres of meadowfoam mitigation, and Home Ranch Ponds 1.0 acre), weed removal will focus on a broader range of species. In mitigation areas non-native invasive perennial abundance should be at approximately 20% or less of the total vegetative cover and non-native invasive annual species abundance should also be targeted at below 20% total vegetative cover. The target for all non-native cover (invasive and otherwise) is below 50% cover. NPS yearly species surveys will identify non-natives in the invasive category and other non-natives.

All manual removal in the mitigation areas will be done at least two times during the growing season to capture early and late flowering species. The treatments must be timed such that target species are removed before seeds form. Excess plant materials and formed seed heads must be removed per specification below for “manual or mechanical” treatments.

In approximately 1.5 acres of meadowfoam mitigation area there is high germination of grass species and low germination of meadowfoam. These high grass germination areas will be targeted for weed

Point Reyes National Seashore (205429/201072) Page 13 of 76 whipping (line trimming) treatments for all of the 2021 growing season. These will occur two times per month in March to July. In late 2021 there will be additional seeding activities in the meadowfoam treatment areas and it is anticipated that there will be higher meadowfoam germination in 2022 thus this 1.5 acres will move from a mowing treatment to a manual removal treatment.

The remaining 1.5 acres of meadowfoam mitigation area is expected to have greater meadowfoam germination and thus manual removal will be required for all treatment years.

Drakes’ Beach wetland mitigation area will be planted with ~6,000 native plants. Most will be small tubeling size. Manual removal at Drakes’ Beach must not harm any of the planted plants. Removal shall be done in such a manner that foot traffic and impact to soils are minimized.

Roadside Treatment Areas:

For roadside areas along Chimney Rock Road and SFDB weed removal will focus on the most invasive species and more common/widespread weeds will be minimally treated. The target of all roadside treatments will be to keep non-native abundance low such that native seeded species can germinate and to completely remove uncommon or previously undocumented species.

Manual / Mechanical: This involves either hand pulling or use of hand tools (e.g., weed wrenches, shovels) or mechanized equipment (e.g., chainsaws). All plants in the disturbance area will have just established after the completion of the construction project thus by conducting removal in the first growing season following disturbance NPS intends removal to be before they become too plentiful, dense, or the root systems become too well developed, thus more easily treated with hand and mechanical methods.

Removal requirements include:

Removal of any flower or seed heads. If manual treatments are done when flower or seed heads are present all plant material must be removed, bagged, and disposed of in an approved facility away from PORE (non-green waste facility).

Roots of perennial plants should be pulled or dug to a depth that they will not easily resprout.

Simply pulling the above ground vegetation of many non-natives will result in the plant resprouting and the long term effort is much greater.

Removed biomass shall not cover any sensitive plant species (meadowfoam or others) If removed biomass covers 10% total ground coverage then all biomass must be removed off site and disposed of in an approved, outside of PORE, facility.

Removal activities shall not damage newly establishing native plants. All of the disturbed area in the project have been seeded with native species and removal activities should be conducted in a sensitive manner as to reduce impacts to newly germinating native plants.

Removal efforts should be done when soils are dry to moist and not overly wet.

Vehicle traffic in seeded areas is prohibited Foot traffic should be minimized

Mowing: Certain weeds are very disturbance-adapted and will rapidly establish follow disturbance events such as construction. For some species repeat mowing can minimize spread and reduce seed set.

Mowing can include weed whipping/line trimming or the use of a mower with a low setting. Mowing shall be conducted such that germinating native species are not harmed or are minimally impacted by this activity. Anticipated high density non-native species patches along SFDB that may benefit from

Point Reyes National Seashore (205429/201072) Page 14 of 76 repeat mowing include poison hemlock (Conium maculatum), fennel (Foeniculum vulgare), radish (Raphanus spp.), mustards (Brassica spp.), and a number of thistles such as milk thistle (Silybum marianum) and Italian thistle (Carduus pynocephalus). These weeds will rapidly establish dense stands immediately after a disturbance event, particularly in the first winter. Because these species are prolific seeders that are hard to eliminate once established, larger stands of species such as these should be mowed repeatedly during the growing season, starting before March 15, the beginning of bird nesting season. Mowing will need to be conducted frequently enough to keep cover of these species below 8 inches in height during the spring and early summer to discourage birds from nesting. Also, repeated mowing ensures that these species will not grow back and set seed, as they tend to bolt or re-grow following cutting. Mowing may need to be conducted twice per month from March through July. If plants grow above 8 inches in height, contractors may need to have pre-work bird surveys conducted in advance and may be required to establish a 50-foot buffer around any nest. If there is a wet spring and plants grow early in February or if there is a dry period mowing times and frequencies may need to be adjusted and will be negotiated between the contractor and the CO.

It is anticipated that NPS will provide bird surveys for areas with >8 inches of growth in 2021. This will be scheduled with the CO following contract award.

Herbicide: Herbicide can only be selectively employed when conditions permit, and species cannot be eradicated successfully any other way. Most of the road construction along SFDB and Chimney Rock Road occurred adjacent to ranches operated as organic, which requires that a minimum of a 25-foot buffer be established to ensure no drift during spraying. Most of the ranch boundaries fall within 25 feet of the road edge. There are a few non-organic operations, including at the northern end of Schooner Gulch area, near North Beach access road, and at Home Ranch. The Lighthouse, Chimney Rock, and South Beach parking areas are not impacted by having organically managed operations nearby, but herbicide use would only be used in these areas if other measures will not succeed. For example, certain species such as perennial pepperweed (Lepidium latifolium -not currently occurring in the park) and European beachgrass are very hard to successfully remove manually due to the fact that the species is rhizomatous and can resprout through the smallest of rhizome fragments left in soils or dropped to the ground.

All herbicide application requires prior approval from the CO and requires an NPS approved Pesticide Use Permit (PUP). No broadcast spraying methods will be allowed: all herbicide application will be done using backpack sprayers or other non-mechanical hand-applied methods (e.g., wicking).

Due to the nature of work and weather (wind, fog, and rain potential) at PORE as well as proximity to some sensitive plant populations the contractor should plan for adverse environmental conditions and delays in conducting herbicide applications. All manufactures label requirements and recommendations shall be followed regarding rain and wind conditions and application timing.

If a species is determined to be best treated by an herbicide either as identified by the NPS provided survey or through the contractor’s own observations the contractor will communicate with the NPS about what species they are recommended be treated, what herbicide they are proposing, treatment method, and treatment timing proposed. This will be vetted by the NPS and if approved the contractor will submit a PUP request. Upon approval of the PUP request the contractor must give the NPS 7 days notice prior to herbicide application activities. All applications must be in compliance with manufactures recommendations for environmental conditions.

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General:

No vehicle traffic will be permitted on the roadsides. All vehicle parking and stopping areas must be on pavement, driveways, or formal roadside pullouts

Minimize impacts to native plant species. All weed removal locations were seeded with native seed in the winter of 2020, spring of 2021, or fall of 2021. Thus, there will be a lot of new small germinating native plants from seeding, from the intact seed bank, and from seed rain from nearby plants. Every effort should be made to minimize impacts to new native seedlings. This includes minimizing foot traffic, minimizing tool and equipment storage, and excluding parking on seeded areas.

Working in overly wet soil conditions is prohibited. Very wet soils can be easily compacted and desirable plants will be easily harmed when working in wet conditions. Contractor shall monitor rainfall before treatment trips and shall contact the CO to discuss existing soil conditions. Generally, work should not be conducted until at least 48 hours after rainfall.

Contractor and all staff shall wear orange or yellow reflective safety vests and have vehicles clearly marked and identifiable to PORE law enforcement.

3.0 Schedule for Field Activities

Task

Area Spring 2021 Summer

Spring 2022 Summer

Spring 2023 Summer

2a Meadowfoam SFDB 3.0 acres

Manual 1.5 acres Weed Whip 1.5 acres

Manual 1.5 acres Weed Whip 1.5 acres

Manual 3.0 acres

Manual 3.0 acres

Manual 3.0 acres

Manual 3.0 acres

2a Lighthouse Parking Lot 0.5 acres

*Manual 0.5 acre

*Manual 0.5 acre

*Manual 0.5 acre

*Manual 0.5 acre

*Manual 0.5 acre

*Manual 0.5 acre

2a South Beach Parking Lot 1.0 acre

*Manual 1.0 acre

*Manual 1.0 acre

*Manual 1.0 acre

*Manual 1.0 acre

*Manual 1.0 acre

*Manual 1.0 acre

2a SFDB and 4.0 acres

Manual 4.0 acres

Manual 4.0 acres

Manual 4.0 acres

Manual 4.0 acres

Manual 4.0 acres

Manual 4.0 acres

2a Chimney Rock Road 2.25 acres

**Manual

2.25 acres

**Manual

2.25 acres

**Manual

2.25 acres

**Manual

2.25 acres

**Manual

2.25 acres

**Manual

2.25 acres

2b SFDB Repeat Mowing 5.0 acres

Mow 5.0 acres ~10x yearly.

Maintain vegetation at 8 inches

Mow 5.0 acres ~10x yearly.

Maintain vegetation at 8 inches

Mow 5.0 acres ~10x yearly.

Maintain vegetation at 8 inches

Mow 5.0 acres ~10x yearly.

Maintain vegetation at 8 inches

Mow 5.0 acres ~10x yearly.

Maintain vegetation at 8 inches

Mow 5.0 acres ~10x yearly.

Maintain vegetation at 8 inches

Point Reyes National Seashore (205429/201072) Page 16 of 76 or shorter or shorter or shorter or shorter or shorter or shorter

2c Home Ranch Ponds 1.0 acre

Manual 1.0 acre

Manual 1.0 acre

Manual 1.0 acre

Manual 1.0 acre

Manual 1.0 acre

2c Drakes Beach

3.0 acres

Manual 3.0 acres

Manual 3.0 acres

Manual 3.0 acres

Manual 3.0 acres

2c Limantour Road

1.0 acre

Manual 1.0 acre

Manual 1.0 acre

Manual 1.0 acre

Manual 1.0 acre

Note: manual treatments that are done when removed plants have seed or flowers are required to have all biomass removed off site AND manual treatments that result in biomass that covers >10% of the ground shall have all removed biomass disposed of off site.

*targeted herbicide applications for approved species may be included. **Chimney rock road incudes

1.5 acres of intense weed removal at plant salvage zone and parking lot perimeter and 1.0 acre of roadside removal of targeted species.

4.0 Quality Standards

Environmental / Schedule Restrictions:

Home Ranch pond mitigation areas are intended to provide habitat for red-legged frogs. There will be no herbicide application in this area to prevent detrimental effects to frog species.

No herbicide application along SFDB due to sensitive species and certified organic pastures.

Nesting birds require a 100 foot buffer. Nesting restrictions are between March 15th and July 31st.

Mowing should occur before nesting bird restrictions begin and vegetation should be kept below 8 inches in total height throughout the growing season.

Equipment Cleaning Standards:

Clean all vehicles, equipment and tools before entry into the park, subsequent entries will not require cleaning unless needed. All vehicles, equipment and tools shall be free of mud, weeds, weed seed, plant materials and other harmful substances upon entry into PORE. All vehicles, equipment and tools will be inspected by PORE staff before their entry into PORE. It is the contractors responsibility to contact and arrange for vehicle and equipment inspections with the NPS before entering park lands.

Weed Removal, Mechanical:

Mechanical removal is the appropriate use of “weed wrenches”, shovels, picks, Pulaskis, saws, machetes, or similar hand tools or, with approval from the CO, brushcutters, chainsaws, weed-eaters or

Point Reyes National Seashore (205429/201072) Page 17 of 76 similar hand-operated machinery to treat invasive plants. Care should be taken to minimize soil disturbance beyond extracting the target plants.

Plants should be removed before seeds are formed. If plants have seeds forming then all plant materials especially seed heads shall be securely bagged and hauled off site.

Repeat Mowing:

Repeat mowing of high density weed zones will be done to allow germinating native plants to establish.

Mowing includes mowing from the road with equipment and weed whipping (weed eating) by hand.

The intent is to target only non-native plants when mowing. No established native plants outside of the construction limits shall be impacted by mowing operations. Height of vegetation in the mowing zones should be kept below 8 inches in total height throughout the growing season.

Weed Removal, Herbicide:

CONTRACTOR IS RESPONSIBLE FOR PROPER APPLICATION OF HERBICIDES AND FOR PREPARING AND FILING ALL HERBICIDE USE REPORTS IN ACCORDANCE WITH STATE AND FEDERAL LAW AND LABELING

REQUIREMENTS.

All herbicide application must be supervised by a qualified and licensed herbicide applicator. The designated NPS representative, prior to application, must approve herbicide application treatments. At all times when chemical treatment is being applied, the Contractor shall provide an on-site crew supervisor that is a California-certified pesticide applicator for the applicable herbicide application. A copy of each supervisor's certification will be provided to the CO or PORE representative prior to initiation of on-site supervisory duties. The crew supervisor must hold the CDPR certificate on site during pesticide application. Work site treatment activities must cease if the crew supervisor is not on site or if his/her CDPR certification is not valid.

All herbicides used must be submitted for approval to the park via a pesticide use permit request that includes all pertinent information including the manufacture label, species to be targeted by chemical, application rate, and target species for each chemical.

Herbicide applications will not be conducted when windy conditions exist. When wind will blow herbicides to adjacent non-target plants it is too windy to apply. Wind must be below 10 MPH or per the herbicide manufactures maximum wind specifications which ever is lower. Wind speed shall be determined (by digital anemometer, at plant level) to be less than 10 mph and wind gusts are below 10 mph.

Application will be cancelled if rain is forecast (at a probability greater than 20%) during the 24 hours before application and for 24 hours after application if vegetation is still wet. During heavy fog on-site assessments will be made to determine if vegetation is too wet for effective herbicide application.

Application will be cancelled immediately if working conditions become at all unsafe for staff, including but not limited to situations when weather conditions change, causing spray to drift onto or eddy around staff. Conditions may prohibit spraying on some days, and “go/no go” calls may be made 7 days to 24 hours prior to implementation using weather predictions, as National Weather Service wind predictions have been found to be highly accurate.

Point Reyes National Seashore (205429/201072) Page 18 of 76

The Contractor may use only NPS-approved herbicides that are registered by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), or have the appropriate state Special Local Needs (Section 24(c) FIFRA) registration, for the specific invasive pest plants being controlled. PRNSA or Seashore representatives will approve the types of herbicides, adjuvants, and dyes to be used. As noted, no substitutions are allowed for the brand names identified earlier due to permitting constraints. ALL HERBICIDES SHALL BE USED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE EPA LABEL. The Contractor is liable for any penalty, fines or damages resulting from the misuse of herbicides. Substitutions may cause implementation delays, as they must be approved by the NPS IPM office.

The Contractor shall dispose of all herbicide and adjuvant containers and rinsates off NPS property in a legal and safe manner as allowed by Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and CDPR.

Soils:

Trampling via excessive foot or equipment traffic shall be avoided as shall working when soils are wet.

Removal or other treatment activities must not damage planted plants, seeded plants, soils, or any intact vegetation.

Work will be completed in a manner that does not increase soil disturbance.

Communication:

Contractor will communicate regularly with COR and park point of contact about operational issues and needs. This will include daily communication while working on site. Contractor will give a minimum of 1 week notice in advance of field and treatment visits.

Safety:

Contractor is responsible for employee safety. The project areas are adjacent to public roads.

Employees are required to wear orange or yellow safety vests. Signage will be required to alert the public to work zones. When signage is used, it will be relocated as the work site changes. Safety practices and signage will conform to state and federal regulations.

Traffic Control All flaggers must be trained and currently certified through ATSSA or other DOT-approved training company. Signs and traffic control plan shall be per Federal Highway Administration specifications (Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices). The contractor shall determine the temporary traffic control (TTC) plan that is appropriate for the work to be conducted.

Water: Water may be available at fire hydrants at the PORE facilities yard or Drake’s beach parking area. Exact location and availability should be confirmed with the park before project initiation. Proper backflow preventors shall be utilized when accessing water from hydrants.

General:

Contractor will be responsible for any damage to NPS property including asphalt, concrete, and infrastructure associated with roads.

Contractor is responsible for a clean worksite. Any debris or garbage generated on site is to be removed each day.

Point Reyes National Seashore (205429/201072) Page 19 of 76

The Contractor shall exercise care and protect all native vegetation at the work site. The Contractor is responsible for the restoration or replacement of all damaged native vegetation (exceeding damage to 10% of non-target vegetation within patches to be treated, at no cost to the NPS).

5.0 Schedule of Values

Task

Area Spring

Summer

Spring

Summer

Spring

Summer

Total

1 Permit Request Submittal $ $ $ $

2a…