SATPC0031850 Tab 07 SOW_Redacted.pdf

Statement of Work Phase III for Consulting from Lenntech Water Treatment Solutions (05/2023)

I. Introduction

The Advanced Exploration Systems (AES) Program at NASA is actively developing water treatment processes within human habitats on the lunar and Mars surface for partial gravity applications relative to Earth gravity. Developments in this area are particularly relevant in view of the upcoming Artemis missions. To support this effort, NASA personnel are collaborating with subject matter experts in industry, specifically those with experience in state of the art, small-scale, multiple water treatment and water recovery technologies that could be used for NASA exploration missions. Lenntech Water Treatment Solutions provides consulting on technologies and architectures that are appropriate for this planetary application.

II. Scope

This Statement of Work (SOW) provides the definition of consulting efforts in support of the NASA effort to develop a water treatment process for lunar and Mars surface missions. This Phase III SOW builds up on results obtained during Phase I and Phase II SOW.

III. Overview of previous SOWs Phase I and Phase II

SOW I, performed between May-October 2021, included the following activities:

• Scientific literature study leading to technology selection for the treatment of partial gravity habitat (PGH) streams for short duration missions

• Removal efficiency for target solutes, masses, and energy consumption and identification of research gaps

• Suggestion of promising technologies to be experimentally investigated

A review summarizing literature findings and suggestions of potential technologies (or train of technologies) for PGH-application was provided to NASA.

SOW II, executed between October 2021-September 2022, focused on:

• Experimental assessment of promising physical/chemical technologies for hygiene water and urine

• Establishment of a working hygiene water Ersatz and study of water quality requirements for reuse

• Treatment performance comparison of 6 different water treatment technologies and data collection (mass, power, dimensions) for future ESM assessment

• Proposal for a low mass integrated system for hygiene water

A final report was delivered, which included (i) description and results of the experimental assessment, or “Proof-of-Concept”, (ii) final comparison table with estimations of mass, dimensions and power, (iii) compact and integrated system suggestion for hygiene and (iv) future experimental work on urine treatment.

IV. Lenntech Proposal for SOW Phase III - List of Tasks

Lenntech Water Treatment Solutions will continue its efforts in exploring selected technologies for application in a water recovery system for the treatment of PGH streams. NASA would preferentially focus on the stabilization and treatment of the urine stream (8 L/day) in this next phase, while research on the other wastewater streams - humidity condensate (8 L/day) and hygiene water (29 L/day) – are set aside. Range of urine compositions (solute concentrations, suspended solids, and bacterial loadings) were estimated from ISS data and SOW II. Fresh stabilized urine would be used in this study.

Specific activities are listed below:

Description Approx. time framework

1. Urine pervaporation – Feasibility

a. Membrane assessment for several types of polymeric membranes

i. Water fluxes at different temperatures and/or different vacuum pressures

ii. COD/nitrogen/ion rejections at different temperatures and/or different vacuum pressures

b. Process assessment for most suitable membrane at most suitable operating conditions (temperature and vacuum pressure): recovery of permeate > 80%

iii. Water flux and COD/nitrogen/ion rejections as a function of the permeate recovery

iv. Fouling assessment by performing an initial permeability test and a permeability test after the experiment

2. Urine pervaporation – Sustainability

a. Process sustainability assessment for longer duration: 30 days.

i. Continuous operation at most suitable operating conditions (see 2a)

ii. Continuous operation at > 80% permeate recovery (see 2b)

3. Support monthly meetings with NASA personnel

a. Review progress and discuss finding and ongoing direction of research effort

b. Provide technical expertise to NASA on chemical-physical treatment technologies that are part of Lenntech’s portfolio

Months 1-4

Months 5-7

Months 8-9

Months 10-12

Month 1-12