RFA-DK-27-125-Full-Announcement.html
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- Opportunity number
- RFA-DK-27-125
About this file
This is a Notice of Funding Opportunity (NOFO) for a limited competition renewal of the COPE-AKI (Caring for OutPatiEnts after Acute Kidney Injury) clinical trial consortium. The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) intends to commit $1.85 million in direct costs in FY2027 to fund approximately three awards as cooperative agreements. The funding supports a 3-year extension for three existing clinical centers and one scientific and data research center to complete enrollment targets, conduct participant follow-up, and analyze and disseminate study findings. Only current recipients of the original RFA-DK-20-011 are eligible to apply, making this a strictly limited competition. Applications are due October 6, 2026, with scientific merit review occurring by November 6, 2026, advisory council review by March 2027, and the earliest start date of May 2027. The maximum project period is three years, and applicants must submit a completed U01 clinical trial application through ASSIST, Grants.gov, or an institutional system-to-system solution.
The COPE-AKI study addresses the lack of standard post-hospitalization care for acute kidney injury survivors and seeks to test whether a multimodal process of care intervention can reduce rehospitalization and morbidity compared to usual care for Stage 2 and 3 AKI patients. Award recipients must comply with cooperative agreement terms requiring substantial NIH programmatic involvement through a designated NIDDK Project Scientist, participate in an established Steering Committee and Data Safety Monitoring Board, maintain data quality and confidentiality, and submit study findings to NIDDK biorepositories. Required application materials include research strategy detailing recruitment progress and protocol adherence, resource and data sharing plans, a Data Management and Sharing Plan submitted using the NIH DMS Plan Format Page, and all standard PHS forms. Applicants must complete registrations in SAM, eRA Commons, and Grants.gov before submission, and only one application per institution is permitted.
RFA-DK-27-125-Full-Announcement.html
Text of this file
Department of Health and Human Services
Part 1. Overview Information
Participating Organization(s)
National Institutes of Health (NIH)
Components of Participating Organizations
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES (NIDDK)
Note: Not all NIH Institutes, Centers, and Offices (ICOs) participate in Announcements. Applicants should carefully note which ICOs participate in this announcement and view their respective areas of research interest at the ICO-Specific Scientific Interests website. ICOs that do not participate in this announcement will not consider applications for funding.
Funding Opportunity Title
Limited Competition for the Continuation of the Caring for OutPatiEnts after Acute Kidney Injury (COPE-AKI) Clinical Centers (U01 Clinical Trial Required)
Activity Code
U01 Research Project – Cooperative Agreements
Announcement Type
Reissue of
RFA-DK-20-011
Related Notices
Check for any recent Notices of NIH Policy Changes that may impact application requirements.
Funding Opportunity Number (FON)
RFA-DK-27-125
Companion Funding Opportunity
RFA-DK-27-139
, U01 Research Project (Cooperative Agreements)
Number of Applications
Only one application per institution is allowed, as defined in Part 2, Section III. 3. Additional Information on Eligibility.
Assistance Listing Number(s)
93.847
Funding Opportunity Purpose
This is a Notice of Funding Opportunity (NOFO) for a Limited Competition that will invite application(s) from eligible organization(s) to apply. Please see Section III. Eligibility for additional information. In accordance with NIH standard peer-review processes, the application(s) will be peer-reviewed, and only meritorious application(s) will be considered for funding. This NOFO requests limited competition applications for a 3-year extension of the COPE-AKI clinical trial consortium, which includes three clinical centers (CCs) and one scientific and data research center (SDRC), to fully meet the enrollment targets, complete participant follow-up, and provide resources for data analysis and dissemination of study findings. There is currently no standard of care for patients after hospitalization with acute kidney injury (AKI). Successful completion of the COPE-AKI study will provide key insights that are expected to directly inform improved clinical management strategies and the development of standard of care for Stage 2 and 3 AKI survivors.
Funding Opportunity Goal(s)
To promote extramural clinical biomedical research that improves the understanding of the mechanisms underlying disease and leads to improved preventions, diagnosis, and treatment of kidney diseases.
Key Dates
Posted Date
August 31, 2026
Open Date (Earliest Submission Date)
October 06, 2026
| Application Due Dates |
| Review and Award Cycles |
| New |
| Renewal / Resubmission / Revision (as allowed) |
| AIDS - New/Renewal/Resubmission/Revision, as allowed |
| Scientific Merit Review |
| Advisory Council Review |
| Earliest Start Date |
Not Applicable
November 06, 2026
Not Applicable
| March 2027 | |
| May 2027 |
July 2027
All applications are due by 5:00 PM local time of applicant organization.
Applicants are encouraged to apply early to allow adequate time to make any corrections to errors found in the application during the submission process by the due date.
Due Dates for E.O. 12372
Not Applicable
Expiration Date
November 07, 2026
Required Application Instructions
It is critical that applicants follow the instructions in the Research (R) Instructions in the How to Apply - Application Guide, except where instructed to do otherwise (in this NOFO or in a Notice from NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts).
Conformance to all requirements (both in the Application Guide and the NOFO) is required and strictly enforced. Applicants must read and follow all application instructions in the Application Guide as well as any program-specific instructions noted in Section IV. When the program-specific instructions deviate from those in the Application Guide, follow the program-specific instructions.
Applications that do not comply with these instructions may be delayed or not accepted for review.
| There are several options available to submit your application through Grants.gov to NIH and Department of Health and Human Services partners. You must use one of these submission options to access the application forms for this opportunity. | |
| Use the NIH ASSIST system to prepare, submit and track your application online. | |
| Use an institutional system-to-system (S2S) solution to prepare and submit your application to Grants.gov and eRA Commons to track your application. Check with your institutional officials regarding availability. | |
| Use Grants.gov Workspace to prepare and submit your application and eRA Commons to track your application. |
Table of Contents
Part 1. Overview Information Key Dates Part 2. Full Text of Announcement Section I. Notice of Funding Opportunity Description Section II. Award Information Section III. Eligibility Information Section IV. Application and Submission Information Section V. Application Review Information Section VI. Award Administration Information Section VII. Agency Contacts Section VIII. Other Information
Part 2. Full Text of Announcement
Section I. Notice of Funding Opportunity Description
This is a Notice of Funding Opportunity (NOFO) for a Limited Competition that will invite application(s) from eligible organization(s) to apply. Please see Section III. Eligibility for additional information. In accordance with NIH standard peer-review processes, the application(s) will be peer-reviewed, and only meritorious application(s) will be considered for funding.
The purpose of this NOFO is to continue the support for the Clinical Centers (CCs) involved in the Caring for OutPatiEnts after Acute Kidney Injury (COPE-AKI) clinical trial.
Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with high morbidity, including increased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD), end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), cardiovascular disease, and mortality. There is currently no standard of care for patients after hospitalization with AKI that targets progression of kidney disease and the associated morbidity and mortality in AKI survivors. Whether a process of care intervention in AKI survivors can improve outcomes is unknown in this population. Improving outcomes of AKI survivors is of high significance to patients as well as healthcare organizations.
The Caring for OutPatiEnts after Acute Kidney Injury (COPE-AKI) clinical trial was launched in response to a competitive NOFO issued in 2020 and includes three Clinical Centers (CCs) and one Scientific and Data Research Center (SDRC). The COPE-AKI trials is a randomized controlled trial to test a multimodal process of care intervention that aims to reduce rehospitalization and morbidity compared with usual care in patients after hospitalization with Stage 2 and 3 AKI (https://cope-akistudy.pitt.edu/). Enrollment began in 2023, and it is anticipated that enrollment will end in late 2028 with a one-year follow up per protocol. Successful completion of the COPE-AKI clinical trial will provide key insights that are expected to directly inform improved clinical management strategies and the development of standard of care for Stage 2 and 3 AKI survivors.
Research Objectives The primary objective of these renewal COPE-AKI NOFOs is to provide support for the participating CCs and the SDRC to fully meet the enrollment targets, participant follow-up, data analyses, and dissemination of study findings to complete the active CopeAKI clinical trial. During this second phase of funding, the CCs will continue to work in a collaborative, harmonious, and efficient manner with the SDRC to complete the trial per approved protocol.
The COPE-AKI Consortium Structure The COPE-AKI Consortium consists of three Clinical Centers (CCs) and one Scientific Data Research Center (SDRC) and is governed by the Steering Committee. The Data and Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB) provides independent monitoring.
The CCs are responsible for screening and recruiting study participants, conducting interventions, obtaining biological samples and clinical information from all participants at baseline and during follow-up as outlined in the protocol, and transmission of those data and samples to the SDRC, which accepts and manage the data.
The SDRC is primarily responsible for ensuring the scientific integrity, comprehensiveness, and robustness of the research design, biostatistics, implementation, data quality, analysis, storage, and submission of study data and biospecimens to the NIDDK Biorepository for subsequent research. The SDRC will provide biostatistical and analytic expertise and conduct analyses and interpretation of the data in conjunction with the investigators at the CCs.
Administration and Meetings The structure of the COPE-AKI governing committees will continue in the same manner as during the first phase of the Consortium. The Steering Committee (SC) serves as the governing body of the Consortium. Its actions and decisions are determined by majority vote. The SC is composed of the Steering Committee Chair, the SDRC, and CC Program Directors/Principal Investigators (PDs/PIs), other key investigators, and the NIDDK Project Scientist, as well as patient participant representatives. The SC will meet regularly by telephone or webinar as a full committee and in working groups to govern the trial and refine and implement study protocol amendments, if needed, and analysis plans. SC responsibilities include: review study progress; review and approval of all data analyses; interpret study findings; review and approval of public presentations and publications of research conducted within the Consortium; review and approval of ancillary studies, and development of policies and procedures for submission and approval of research applications using Consortium resources.
The Executive Committee (EC) is comprised of the Steering Committee Chair, the SDRC PDs/PIs, and the NIDDK Project Scientist. Additional subject matter experts may participate in the EC as needed. The Executive Committee will make operational decisions for the Consortium between SC meetings by means of weekly telephone conference calls.
A Data Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB) has been established by the NIDDK at the beginning of the prior funding period and will continue to monitor the research efforts, including monitoring the progress and safety of the study and reviewing changes to study protocols prior to implementation. The DSMB is advisory to the NIDDK. CC applicants must not suggest potential participants for the DSMB in their applications.
A Community Advisory Council, comprised of patient representatives identified by the CCs and SDRC, will meet routinely via conference call to provide feedback to the Consortium regarding the design and conduct of the study. One NIDDK and one SDRC member will staff this committee.
In-person SC meetings will be conducted every one year, or more often as needed. Applicants should budget accordingly.
Awardees must agree to abide by the Network Duality of Interests Policy and Procedures and may need to develop procedures to require study investigators and others associated with the study to identify financial and other conflicts of interest on a routine basis, at least annually, and to share this information with the NIDDK Program staff.
Investigators proposing NIH-defined clinical trials may refer to the Research Methods Resources website for information about developing statistical methods and study designs.
See Section VIII. Other Information for award authorities and regulations.
Section II. Award Information
Funding Instrument
Cooperative Agreement: A financial assistance mechanism used when there will be substantial Federal scientific or programmatic involvement. Substantial involvement means that, after award, NIH scientific or program staff will assist, guide, coordinate, or participate in project activities. See Section VI.2 for additional information about the substantial involvement for this NOFO.
Application Types Allowed
Renewal
The OER Glossary and the How to Apply Application Guide provide details on these application types. Only those application types listed here are allowed for this NOFO.
Clinical Trial?
Required: Only accepting applications that propose clinical trial(s).
Need help determining whether you are doing a clinical trial?
Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards
NIDDK intends to commit $1.85M direct costs in FY2027 to fund approximately 3 awards.
Award Budget
Application budgets are not limited but need to reflect the actual needs of the proposed project.
Award Project Period
The scope of the proposed project should determine the project period. The maximum project period is 3 years.
NIH grants policies as described in the NIH Grants Policy Statement will apply to the applications submitted and awards made from this NOFO.
Section III. Eligibility Information
1. Eligible Applicants
Eligible Organizations
As this NOFO is a Limited Competition, only the current recipients under RFA-DK-20-011 are eligible to apply under this announcement.
As this NOFO is a limited competition opportunity, only the institutions that are the principal employer of the Program Director/Principal Investigator of the original COPE-AKI Participating Clinical Centers and the COPE-AKI Scientific Data Research Center are eligible to apply in response to this NOFO.
Foreign Organizations/International Collaborations
Non-domestic (non-U.S.) Entities (Foreign Organizations) are not eligible to apply.
Non-domestic (non-U.S.) components of U.S. Organizations are not eligible to apply.
Foreign components, as defined in the NIH Grants Policy Statement, are not allowed.
Required Registrations
Applicant Organizations Applicant organizations must complete and maintain the following registrations as described in the How to Apply- Application Guide to be eligible to apply for or receive an award. All registrations must be completed prior to the application being submitted. Registration can take 6 weeks or more, so applicants should begin the registration process as soon as possible. Failure to complete registrations in advance of a due date is not a valid reason for a late submission, please reference the NIH Grants Policy Statement Section 2.3.9.2 Electronically Submitted Applications for additional information.
System for Award Management (SAM) – Applicants must complete and maintain an active registration, which requires renewal at least annually. The renewal process may require as much time as the initial registration. SAM registration includes the assignment of a Commercial and Government Entity (CAGE) Code for domestic organizations which have not already been assigned a CAGE Code. Foreign organizations must obtain a NATO Commercial and Government Entity (NCAGE) Code (in lieu of a CAGE code) in order to register in SAM. Unique Entity Identifier (UEI)- A UEI is issued as part of the SAM.gov registration process. The same UEI must be used for all registrations, as well as on the grant application.
| eRA Commons - Once the unique organization identifier is established, organizations can register with eRA Commons in tandem with completing their Grants.gov registrations; all registrations must be in place by time of submission. eRA Commons requires organizations to identify at least one Signing Official (SO) and at least one Program Director/Principal Investigator (PD/PI) account in order to submit an application. |
| Grants.gov – Applicants must have an active SAM registration in order to complete the Grants.gov registration. |
Program Directors/Principal Investigators (PD(s)/PI(s)) All PD(s)/PI(s) must have an eRA Commons account. PD(s)/PI(s) should work with their organizational officials to either create a new account or to affiliate their existing account with the applicant organization in eRA Commons. Obtaining an eRA Commons account can take up to 2 weeks.
All PD(s)/PI(s) must be registered with ORCID. The personal profile associated with the PD(s)/PI(s) eRA Commons account must be linked to a valid ORCID ID. For more information on linking an ORCID ID to an eRA Commons personal profile see the ORCID topic in our eRA Commons online help.
Eligible Individuals (Program Director/Principal Investigator)
Any individual(s) with the skills, knowledge, and resources necessary to carry out the proposed research as the Program Director(s)/Principal Investigator(s) (PD(s)/PI(s)) is invited to work with their organization to develop an application for support.
For institutions/organizations proposing multiple PDs/PIs, visit the Multiple Program Director/Principal Investigator Policy and submission details in the Senior/Key Person Profile (Expanded) Component of the How to Apply-Application Guide.
As this NOFO is a limited competition opportunity, only the institutions that are the principal employer of the Program Director/Principal Investigator of the original COPE-AKI Participating Clinical Centers and the COPE-AKI Scientific Data Research Center are eligible to apply in response to this NOFO.
2. Cost Sharing This NOFO does not require cost sharing as defined in the NIH Grants Policy Statement Section 1.2 Definition of Terms.
3. Additional Information on Eligibility Number of Applications
Only one application per institution (normally identified by having a unique UEI or NIH IPF number) is allowed.
As this NOFO is a limited competition opportunity, only the institutions that are the principal employer of the Program Director/Principal Investigator of the original COPE-AKI Participating Clinical Centers and the COPE-AKI Scientific Data Research Center are eligible to apply in response to this NOFO.
Section IV. Application and Submission Information
1. Requesting an Application Package The application forms package specific to this opportunity must be accessed through ASSIST, Grants.gov Workspace or an institutional system-to-system solution. Links to apply using ASSIST or Grants.gov Workspace are available in Part 1 of this NOFO. See your administrative office for instructions if you plan to use an institutional system-to-system solution.
2. Content and Form of Application Submission It is critical that applicants follow the instructions in the Research (R) Instructions in the How to Apply - Application Guide except where instructed in this notice of funding opportunity to do otherwise (in this NOFO, in a policy notice, or other notice from NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts). Conformance to the requirements in the Application Guide is required and strictly enforced. Applications that are out of compliance with these instructions may be delayed or not accepted for review.
Page Limitations All page limitations described in the How to Apply- Application Guide and the Table of Page Limits must be followed.
Instructions for Application Submission
The following section supplements the instructions found in the How to Apply- Application Guide and should be used for preparing an application to this NOFO.
SF424(R&R) Cover All instructions in the How to Apply - Application Guide must be followed.
SF424(R&R) Project/Performance Site Locations All instructions in the How to Apply- Application Guide must be followed.
SF424(R&R) Other Project Information
SF424(R&R) Senior/Key Person Profile
R&R or Modular Budget
R&R Subaward Budget
PHS 398 Cover Page Supplement
PHS 398 Research Plan All instructions in the How to Apply - Application Guide must be followed, with the following additional instructions:
Research Strategy:
The Research Strategy section for each CC should include:
| A description of the significance of the problem being studied, the need for the continuation of the study, and the potential impact of the results of the study. |
| A concise description of the proposed clinical trial question, the overall strategy, methodology, power, and statistical analyses to be used to accomplish the specific aims of the study. |
| A discussion of recruitment goals and study progress to date, with submission of standardized data on the CC, provided by the SDRC (including recruitment, retention, and intervention fidelity data). |
| Clear plans demonstrating how the CC will meet enrollment targets (should not duplicate details also provided in the PHS Human Subjects Information Form), as well as how the CC will maximize participant retention, intervention fidelity, and data quality/completeness (including obtaining the necessary clinical information on all participants). |
| Demonstration of the ability of the CC to implement all aspects of the protocol and to work with the SDRC in all aspects of the study. |
| Plans demonstrating how the CC will handle participant confidentiality and safety. |
| An acknowledgment of the responsibility of the CC to participate in and conduct training and certification of study staff. |
| Description of the CC team expertise to achieve the responsibilities of the CC and the goals of the COPE-AKI clinical trial. |
| An acknowledgment and discussion of the responsibilities of the CC as part of a multi-center collaborative project. |
Resource Sharing Plan: Individuals are required to comply with the instructions for the Resource Sharing Plans as provided in the How to Apply - Application Guide.
| The following modifications also apply: | |
| Clinical Center applications should provide a Data and Resource (Biological Sample) Sharing Plan. | |
| Consortium investigators are expected to share their findings with the scientific community through scientific presentations and publications, and through sample and data sharing, according to NIDDK policies. | |
| All Consortial-derived data and aliquot(s) of biological samples are expected to be provided to the NIDDK Data and Sample Biorepositories at regular intervals during the active phase of the project or at the end of the project by the SDRC in accordance with institute guidelines (NOT-DK-24-003). |
Other Plan(s):
All instructions in the How to Apply - Application Guide must be followed, with the following additional instructions:
A Data Management and Sharing Plan (DMS Plan) is required for any NIH-funded or conducted research that will generate scientific data. Applicants must submit the DMS Plan at the time of application using the NIH DMS Plan Format Page. The DMS Plan must address the elements in the structured format. Where the DMS Plan Format Page requires a "Yes or No" response, no additional narrative is allowed.
| Appendix: Only limited Appendix materials are allowed. Follow all instructions for the Appendix as described in the How to Apply - Application Guide. | |
| No publications or other material, with the exception of blank questionnaires or blank surveys, may be included in the Appendix. |
PHS Human Subjects and Clinical Trials Information When involving human subjects research, clinical research, and/or NIH-defined clinical trials (and when applicable, clinical trials research experience) follow all instructions for the PHS Human Subjects and Clinical Trials Information form in the How to Apply- Application Guide, with the following additional instructions:
If you answered "Yes" to the question "Are Human Subjects Involved?" on the R&R Other Project Information form, you must include at least one human subjects study record using the Study Record: PHS Human Subjects and Clinical Trials Information form or Delayed Onset Study record.
Study Record: PHS Human Subjects and Clinical Trials Information
Delayed Onset Study Note: Delayed onset does NOT apply to a study that can be described but will not start immediately (i.e., delayed start). All instructions in the How to Apply- Application Guide must be followed.
PHS Assignment Request Form
3. Unique Entity Identifier and System for Award Management (SAM) See Part 2. Section III.1 for information regarding the requirement for obtaining a unique entity identifier and for completing and maintaining active registrations in System for Award Management (SAM), NATO Commercial and Government Entity (NCAGE) Code (if applicable), eRA Commons, and Grants.gov
4. Submission Dates and Times Part I. contains information about Key Dates and times. Applicants are encouraged to submit applications before the due date to ensure they have time to make any application corrections that might be necessary for successful submission. When a submission date falls on a weekend or Federal holiday, the application deadline is automatically extended to the next business day.
Organizations must submit applications to Grants.gov (the online portal to find and apply for grants across all Federal agencies). Applicants must then complete the submission process by tracking the status of the application in the eRA Commons, NIH's electronic system for grants administration. NIH and Grants.gov systems check the application against many of the application instructions upon submission. Errors must be corrected and a changed/corrected application must be submitted to Grants.gov on or before the application due date and time. If a Changed/Corrected application is submitted after the deadline, the application will be considered late. Applications that miss the due date and time are subjected to the NIH Grants Policy Statement Section 2.3.9.2 Electronically Submitted Applications.
Applicants are responsible for viewing their application before the due date in the eRA Commons to ensure accurate and successful submission.
Information on the submission process and a definition of on-time submission are provided in the How to Apply-Application Guide.
5. Intergovernmental Review (E.O. 12372) This initiative is not subject to intergovernmental review.
6. Funding Restrictions All NIH awards are subject to the terms and conditions, cost principles, and other considerations described in the NIH Grants Policy Statement.
Pre-award costs are allowable only as described in the NIH Grants Policy Statement Section 7.9.1 Selected Items of Cost.
7. Other Submission Requirements and Information
Applications must be submitted electronically following the instructions described in the How to Apply – Application Guide. Paper applications will not be accepted.
Applicants must complete all required registrations before the application due date. Section III. Eligibility Information contains information about registration.
For assistance with your electronic application or for more information on the electronic submission process, visit How to Apply – Application Guide. If you encounter a system issue beyond your control that threatens your ability to complete the submission process on-time, you must follow the Dealing with System Issues guidance. For assistance with application submission, contact the Application Submission Contacts in Section VII.
Important reminders:
All PD(s)/PI(s) must include their eRA Commons ID in the Credential field of the Senior/Key Person Profile form. Failure to register in the Commons and to include a valid PD/PI Commons ID in the credential field will prevent the successful submission of an electronic application to NIH. See Section III of this NOFO for information on registration requirements.
The applicant organization must ensure that the unique entity identifier provided on the application is the same identifier used in the organization's profile in the eRA Commons and for the System for Award Management. Additional information may be found in the How to Apply – Application Guide.
See more tips for avoiding common errors.
Upon receipt, applications will be evaluated for completeness and compliance with application instructions by the Center for Scientific Review and responsiveness by components of participating organizations, NIH. Applications that are incomplete, non-compliant and/or nonresponsive will not be reviewed.
Mandatory Disclosure
Recipients or subrecipients must submit any information related to violations of federal criminal law involving fraud, bribery, or gratuity violations potentially affecting the federal award. See Mandatory Disclosures, 2 CFR 200.113 and NIH Grants Policy Statement Section 4.1.36.
Send written disclosures to the NIH Chief Grants Management Officer listed on the Notice of Award for the IC that funded the award and to the HHS Office of Inspector Grant Self Disclosure Program at grantdisclosures@oig.hhs.gov.
Post Submission Materials Applicants are required to follow the instructions for post-submission materials, as described in the policy
Any instructions provided here are in addition to the instructions in the policy.
Section V. Application Review Information
1. Criteria Only the review criteria described below will be considered in the review process. Applications submitted to the NIH in support of the NIH mission are evaluated for scientific and technical merit through the NIH peer review system.
For this particular announcement, note the following: As this NOFO is a limited competition opportunity, only the institutions that are the principal employer of the Program Director/Principal Investigator of the original COPE-AKI Participating Clinical Centers and the COPE-AKI Scientific Data Research Center are eligible to apply in response to this NOFO.
Overall Impact
Reviewers will provide an overall impact score to reflect their assessment of the likelihood for the project to exert a sustained, powerful influence on the research field(s) involved, in consideration of the following scored review criteria and additional review criteria (as applicable for the project proposed). An application does not need to be strong in all categories to be judged likely to have a major scientific impact.
Scored Review Criteria
Reviewers will consider Factors 1, 2 and 3 in the determination of scientific merit, and in providing an overall impact score. In addition, Factors 1 and 2 will each receive a separate factor score.
Factor 1. Importance of the Research (Significance and Innovation)
| Significance | |
| Evaluate the importance of the proposed research in the context of current scientific challenges and opportunities, either for advancing knowledge within the field, or more broadly. Assess whether the application addresses an important gap in knowledge in the field, would solve a critical problem, or create a valuable conceptual or technical advance. | |
| Evaluate the rationale for undertaking the study, the rigor of the scientific background for the work (e.g., prior literature and/or preliminary data) and whether the scientific background justifies the proposed study. |
Innovation
| Evaluate the extent to which innovation influences the importance of undertaking the proposed research. Note that while technical or conceptual innovation can influence the importance of the proposed research, a project that is not applying novel concepts or approaches may be of critical importance for the field. |
| Evaluate whether the proposed work applies novel concepts, methods or technologies or uses existing concepts, methods, technologies in novel ways, to enhance the overall impact of the project. |
Factor 2. Rigor and Feasibility (Approach)
| Approach | |
| Evaluate the scientific quality of the proposed work. Evaluate the likelihood that compelling, reproducible findings will result (rigor) and assess whether the proposed studies can be done well and within the timeframes proposed (feasibility). |
Rigor:
| Evaluate the potential to produce unbiased, reproducible, robust data. | |
| Evaluate the rigor of experimental design and whether appropriate controls are in place. | |
| Evaluate whether the sample size is sufficient and well-justified. | |
| Assess the quality of the plans for analysis, interpretation, and reporting of results. | |
| Evaluate whether the investigators presented adequate plans to address relevant biological variables, such as sex or age, in the design, analysis, and reporting. | |
| For applications involving human subjects or vertebrate animals, also evaluate: | the rigor of the intervention or study manipulation (if applicable to the study design). |
| whether outcome variables are justified. | |
| whether the results will be generalizable or, in the case of a rare disease/special group, relevant to the particular subgroup. | |
| whether the study population appropriately models the target population. |
For applications involving human subjects, including clinical trials, assess the adequacy of inclusion plans as appropriate for the scientific goals of the research. Considerations of appropriateness may include disease/condition/behavior incidence, prevalence, or population burden, population representation, and/or current state of the science.
Feasibility:
| Evaluate whether the proposed approach is sound and achievable, including plans to address problems or new challenges that emerge in the work. For proposed studies in which feasibility may be less certain, evaluate whether the uncertainty is balanced by the potential for major advances. |
| For applications involving human subjects, including clinical trials, evaluate the adequacy and feasibility of the plan to recruit and retain a study population that appropriately models the target population. Additionally, evaluate the likelihood of successfully achieving the proposed enrollment based on age, race, ethnicity, and sex. |
| For clinical trial applications, evaluate whether the study timeline and milestones are feasible. |
Specific to this NOFO:
Evaluate whether the application demonstrates how participant recruitment and retention will be optimized to meet trial enrollment and retention targets.
Factor 3. Expertise and Resources (Investigator(s) and Environment)
Investigator(s) Evaluate whether the investigator(s) have demonstrated background, training, and expertise, as appropriate for their career stage, to conduct the proposed work. For Multiple Principal Investigator (MPI) applications, assess the quality of the leadership plan to facilitate coordination and collaboration.
Environment Evaluate whether the institutional resources are appropriate to ensure the successful execution of the proposed work.
Additional Review Criteria
As applicable for the project proposed, reviewers will consider the following additional items while determining scientific and technical merit, but will not give criterion scores for these items, and should consider them in providing an overall impact score.
Protections for Human Subjects
For research that involves human subjects but does not involve one of the categories of research that are exempt under 45 CFR Part 46, evaluate the justification for involvement of human subjects and the proposed protections from research risk relating to their participation according to the following five review criteria: 1) risk to subjects; 2) adequacy of protection against risks; 3) potential benefits to the subjects and others; 4) importance of the knowledge to be gained; and 5) data and safety monitoring for clinical trials.
For research that involves human subjects and meets the criteria for one or more of the categories of research that are exempt under 45 CFR Part 46, evaluate: 1) the justification for the exemption; 2) human subjects involvement and characteristics; and 3) sources of materials. For additional information on review of the Human Subjects section, please refer to the Guidelines for the Review of Human Subjects.
Vertebrate Animals
When the proposed research includes Vertebrate Animals, evaluate the involvement of live vertebrate animals according to the following criteria: (1) description of proposed procedures involving animals, including species, strains, ages, sex, and total number to be used; (2) justifications for the use of animals versus alternative models and for the appropriateness of the species proposed; (3) interventions to minimize discomfort, distress, pain and injury; and (4) justification for euthanasia method if NOT consistent with the AVMA Guidelines for the Euthanasia of Animals. For additional information on review of the Vertebrate Animals section, please refer to the Worksheet for Review of the Vertebrate Animals Section.
Not applicable
Biohazards
When the proposed research includes Biohazards, evaluate whether specific materials or procedures that will be used are significantly hazardous to research personnel and/or the environment, and whether adequate protection is proposed.
Resubmissions
As applicable, evaluate the full application as now presented.
Renewals
As applicable, evaluate the progress made in the last funding period.
Revisions
As applicable, evaluate the appropriateness of the proposed expansion of the scope of the project.
Additional Review Considerations
As applicable for the project proposed, reviewers will consider each of the following items, but will not give scores for these items, and should not consider them in providing an overall impact score.
Authentication of Key Biological and/or Chemical Resources
For projects involving key biological and/or chemical resources, evaluate the brief plans proposed for identifying and ensuring the validity of those resources.
Budget and Period of Support
Evaluate whether the budget and the requested period of support are fully justified and reasonable in relation to the proposed research.
2. Review and Selection Process
Applications will be evaluated for scientific and technical merit by (an) appropriate Scientific Review Group(s), convened by CSR, in accordance with NIH peer review policies and practices, using the stated review criteria. Assignment to a Scientific Review Group will be shown in the eRA Commons.
As part of the scientific peer review, all applications will receive a written critique.
Applications may undergo a selection process in which only those applications deemed to have the highest scientific and technical merit (generally the top half of applications under review) will be discussed and assigned an overall impact score.
Requests for reconsideration of initial peer review will not be accepted for applications submitted in response to this NOFO.
| Applications will be assigned to the appropriate NIH Institute or Center. Applications will compete for available funds with all other recommended applications submitted in response to this NOFO. Following initial peer review, recommended applications will receive a second level of review by the National Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Advisory Council. The following will be considered in making funding decisions: | |
| Scientific and technical merit of the proposed project as determined by scientific peer review. | |
| Availability of funds. | |
| Relevance of the proposed project to program priorities. |
If the application is under consideration for funding, NIH will request "just-in-time" information from the applicant as described in the NIH Grants Policy Statement Section 2.5.1. Just-in-Time Procedures. This request is not a Notice of Award nor should it be construed to be an indicator of possible funding.
Prior to making an award, NIH reviews an applicant's federal award history in SAM.gov to ensure sound business practices. An applicant can review and comment on any information in the Responsibility/Qualification records available in SAM.gov. NIH will consider any comments by the applicant in the Responsibility/Qualification records in SAM.gov to ascertain the applicant's integrity, business ethics, and performance record of managing Federal awards per 2 CFR Part 200.206 "Federal awarding agency review of risk posed by applicants." This provision will apply to all NIH grants and cooperative agreements except fellowships.
3. Anticipated Announcement and Award Dates After the peer review of the application is completed, the PD/PI will be able to access his or her Summary Statement (written critique) via the eRA Commons. Refer to Part 1 for dates for peer review, advisory council review, and earliest start date.
Information regarding the disposition of applications is available in the NIH Grants Policy Statement Section 2.4.4 Disposition of Applications.
Section VI. Award Administration Information
1. Award Notices A Notice of Award (NoA) is the official authorizing document notifying the applicant that an award has been made and that funds may be requested from the designated HHS payment system or office. The NoA is signed by the Grants Management Officer and emailed to the recipient's business official.
In accepting the award, the recipient agrees that any activities under the award are subject to all provisions currently in effect or implemented during the period of the award, other Department regulations and policies in effect at the time of the award, and applicable statutory provisions.
Recipients must comply with any funding restrictions described in Section IV.6. Funding Restrictions. Any pre-award costs incurred before receipt of the NoA are at the applicant's own risk. For more information on the Notice of Award, please refer to the NIH Grants Policy Statement Section 5. The Notice of Award and NIH Grants & Funding website, see Award Process.
Individual awards are based on the application submitted to, and as approved by, the NIH and are subject to the IC-specific terms and conditions identified in the NoA.
ClinicalTrials.gov: If an award provides for one or more clinical trials. By law (Title VIII, Section 801 of Public Law 110-85), the "responsible party" must register and submit results information for certain "applicable clinical trials" on the ClinicalTrials.gov Protocol Registration and Results System Information Website (https://register.clinicaltrials.gov). NIH expects registration and results reporting of all trials whether required under the law or not. For more information, see https://grants.nih.gov/policy/clinical-trials/reporting/index.htm
Institutional Review Board or Independent Ethics Committee Approval: Recipient institutions must ensure that all protocols are reviewed by their IRB or IEC. To help ensure the safety of participants enrolled in NIH-funded studies, the recipient must provide NIH copies of documents related to all major changes in the status of ongoing protocols.
Data and Safety Monitoring Requirements: The NIH policy for data and safety monitoring requires oversight and monitoring of all NIH-conducted or -supported human biomedical and behavioral intervention studies (clinical trials) to ensure the safety of participants and the validity and integrity of the data. Further information concerning these requirements is found at http://grants.nih.gov/grants/policy/hs/data_safety.htm and in the application instructions (SF424 (R&R) and PHS 398).
Investigational New Drug or Investigational Device Exemption Requirements: Consistent with federal regulations, clinical research projects involving the use of investigational therapeutics, vaccines, or other medical interventions (including licensed products and devices for a purpose other than that for which they were licensed) in humans under a research protocol must be performed under a Food and Drug Administration (FDA) investigational new drug (IND) or investigational device exemption (IDE).
2. Administrative and National Policy Requirements The following Federal wide and HHS-specific policy requirements apply to awards funded through NIH:
| The rules listed at 2 CFR Part 200, Uniform Administrative Requirements, Cost Principles, and Audit Requirements for Federal Awards. |
| All NIH grant and cooperative agreement awards include the NIH Grants Policy Statement as part of the terms and conditions in the Notice of Award (NoA). The NoA includes the requirements of this NOFO. For these terms of award, see the NIH Grants Policy Statement Part II: Terms and Conditions of NIH Grant Awards, Subpart A: General and Part II: Terms and Conditions of NIH Grant Awards, Subpart B: Terms and Conditions for Specific Types of Grants, Recipients, and Activities. |
All federal statutes and regulations relevant to federal financial assistance, including those highlighted in NIH Grants Policy Statement Section 4 Public Policy Requirements, Objectives and Other Appropriation Mandates.
By applying for or accepting federal funds from HHS, recipients certify compliance with all federal antidiscrimination laws and these requirements and that complying with those laws is a material condition of receiving federal funding streams. Recipients are responsible for ensuring subrecipients, contractors, and partners also comply.
Applicants and recipients are strongly encouraged to refer to the NIH Director's Statement of Priorities, entitled "Advancing NIH's Mission Through a Unified Strategy."
Recipients are responsible for ensuring that their activities comply with all applicable federal regulations. Pursuant to 2 CFR 200.340, by accepting an NIH award, the recipient agrees that continued funding for the award is contingent upon the availability of appropriated funds, recipient satisfactory performance, compliance with the Terms and Conditions of the award, and may also otherwise be terminated, to the extent authorized by law, if the agency determines that the award no longer effectuates the program goals or agency priorities, in line with 2 CFR 200.340(a)(4).
Pursuant to the Cybersecurity Act of 2015, Div. N, § 405, Pub. Law 114-113, 6 USC § 1533(d), the HHS Secretary has established a common set of voluntary, consensus-based, and industry-led guidelines, best practices, methodologies, procedures, and processes.
Successful recipients under this NOFO agree that:
When recipients, subrecipients, or third-party entities have:
| ongoing and consistent access to HHS owned or operated information or operational technology systems; and |
| receive, maintain, transmit, store, access, exchange, process, or utilize personal identifiable information (PII) or personal health information (PHI) obtained from the awarding HHS agency for the purposes of executing the award. |
Cybersecurity plans and procedures must at minimum include the following:
Develop cybersecurity plans and procedures, modeled after the NIST Cybersecurity framework, to protect HHS systems and data: Identify: Develop an inventory of all assets and accounts with access to HHS owned and operated information or operational technology systems or which obtain PII or PHI for the purposes of the award.
| Protect: | Limit access to HHS owned and operated systems to only those in need of access to complete reward activities. |
| Require all staff to complete annual cybersecurity and privacy awareness training. Visit 405(d): Knowledge on Demand (hhs.gov) to obtain free trainings, if needed. | |
| Enable multifactor authentication for all employees, subrecipients, and third-party entities to access HHS owned and operated information or operational technology systems. | |
| Regularly backup sensitive data and test backups. |
Detect: Install anti-virus or anti-malware software on all devices, servers, and accounts used to connect to HHS owned and operated systems.
| Respond: | Develop an incident response plan. See Incident-Response-Plan-Basics_508c.pdf (cisa.gov) to learn about developing incident response plans. |
| Have cybersecurity incident reporting procedures that ensure the relevant HHS awarding agencies are notified of a cybersecurity incident within 48 hours of discovery. A cybersecurity incident is defined as an unplanned interruption to a technology service or reduction in the quality of a technology service, or an occurrence that actually or potentially jeopardizes the confidentiality, integrity, or availability of an information system or the information the system processes, stores, or transmits. |
Recover: Investigate incidents and plug any security gaps identified.
All activities proposed in your application and budget narrative must align with applicable law, including but not limited to statutes, executive orders, federal regulations and applicable judicial holdings. Accordingly, discretionary awards shall not be used to fund, promote, encourage, subsidize, or facilitate; racial preferences or other forms of racial discrimination by the recipient, including activities where race or intentional proxies for race will be used as a selection criterion for employment or program participation; denial by the recipient of the sex binary in humans, or the belief that sex is a chosen or mutable characteristic; illegal immigration; or any other initiatives that compromise public safety. If an application does not align, the application will not receive funding to the extent permitted by law and applicable court orders.
For applications involving substance abuse, the application must not support harm reduction. Please see Updated Funding Guidance for Recipients on Supplies and Services.
For applications involving funding Medication-Assisted Treatment (MAT) or medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD), this funding should be used to provide comprehensive treatment and recovery support services rather than medication-only models for opioid use disorder. Services should include medications, where clinically indicated, in conjunction with psychosocial and other treatment and recovery support services. Funding can also be used to support individualized tapering and discontinuation of medications when clinically indicated. Please see Updated Funding Guidance for Recipients on MAT/MOUD.
As of October 1, 2025, HHS has adopted 2 CFR Part 200, with some modifications included in 2 CFR Part 300. These regulations replace those in 45 CFR Part 75. However, for NIH, under the Consolidated Appropriations Act for FY 2026, (P.L. 119-75, Division B, Title II, Sec. 224), the provisions relating to indirect costs in 45 CFR 75 continue to apply to NIH awards. Consistent with the statute, NIH will not apply updated thresholds outlined within 2 CFR Part 200, at this time.
In administering programs under this and all funding announcements, NIH prioritizes:
| Research involving rigorous scientific methods, including for studies related to children and adolescents, where NIH is committed to approaches that reflect the highest standards of clinical care and child safety. |
| Biological and physiological integrity: Recognizing the relevance of biological sex to health outcomes, NIH encourages applicants to account for sex-based health factors in program design, data collection, and service delivery where scientifically appropriate. |
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