pws powering-emissions and wake applications.docx

Performance Work Statement (PWS) for Professional Services to Update Modelling Application for Deep-Draft Vessel Powering, Bunkerage Consumption, and Emissions Relationships Combined with Related Update of Vessel Wake Application.

August 2021 Performance Work Statement (PWS) or Scope of Work (SOW)

Contract Number: XXXXXXXXXXX-XXXX

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) routinely conducts engineering and economic evaluations of coastal deep-draft waterway systems and associated general navigation features (GNFs) which are under Federal authority and jurisdiction. These evaluations are for programmatic support and implementation of waterway system improvements in addition to justification of future ongoing or subsequent operation and maintenance (O&M). Specific efforts also include analysis of ongoing evaluation of waterway system improvements respective to initial placement and subsequent maintenance costs versus associated economic benefits or return on a life-cycle basis. To support these analytical requirements, USACE employs an array of analytical models and methods which incorporate numerical relationships and input data which must be updated and enhanced on a periodic basis over time. Correspondingly, as new applications are realized for a given model or method, models and input data or information sometimes must also be revised or further developed so that models can address multiple needs or types of analysis, or increased detail made available in an effort to reduce error and uncertainty related to output or estimates and related support for decision making.

The purpose of the performance work statement (PWS) specifications described herein where specific to vessel lines and related work is to describe the needs and deliverables for update of vessel powering, emissions, and wake applications based on update of multi-applicational hull profiles developed primarily for CADET (a vessel motion model developed for assessment of vessel motion in offshore or approach channel environments). The hull lines library serves as the basis for a readily-available library of vessel hull geometries that can be used as a primary input for various analytical models or applications such as CADET (Channel Analysis & Design Evaluation Tool for evaluation of vessel vertical motion in the offshore or open ocean environment), a vessel powering and resistance model, a ballast condition and stability model, and a generalized air emissions model. These additional models in turn serve as generators of input for models and methods for economic and cost analysis of vessel operations which ultimately are used to determine economic benefits and costs of development and ongoing stewardship of Federally-sponsored waterborne navigation projects As the scope of the lines library is enhanced and largely approaches baseline completion, alternative applications (other than CADET) which employ the library sometimes need to be updated. Review of the current applications for powering, emissions and wake indicate update with anticipated changes to the library would render more accurate applications for described purposes. Correspondingly, each of the subject affiliated applications (power and emissions model, etc.) as previously mentioned needs to be updated for both an expanded library and expanded capabilities of the hull lines library (such as would be possible via the computerized utility for hull lines flexibility), and new numerical relationships that can be derived from a more detailed and comprehensive library that will provide better coverage of the world fleet by primary vessel type and size class.

To summarize needs and requirements for deliverables under the PWS detailed herein regarding expansion of hull line profiles combined with described update or enhancement of associated computerized analytical applications for compatibility, the following listing affirms the applications which must be compatible with the additional hull line profiles to be updated or more fully developed within scoping of this PWS:

· 1.) Powering & Emissions Model(s) [relevant for deep-draft commercial cargo hulls, offshore support hulls, and passenger hulls with comparable capabilities for tug assistance or service vessels], and 2.) Wake Screening Application [primarily for deep-draft commercial cargo hulls, passenger hulls, offshore support hulls, and tug assistance vessels with comparability of capabilities for tug assistance or service vessels]

Respective to efforts for development of hull lines for CADET, compilation of hull form profiles by default will be developed to the extent necessary to provide information required for the powering, emissions, and wake screening applications. Based on the preceding information, the performance work statement (PWS) as written is structured to address the following areas of technical need and associated deliverables:

Additional Hull Profile configurations for Hull Lines Foreseeable needs for prudent update of the lines library for CADET (via a separate contract) indicates that a limited select grouping of new hull lines would be of significant or measurable value in practical update of the hull lines library. These include:

New or Additional Deep-Draft Cargo Vessel Types – Requirements for baseline hull configurations;

a.) Three (3) new cargo carrier displacement hull profiles, with vessel type and size to be determined in consultation with the contractor. Tentatively it is anticipated one of which will be a bulk carrier and one (1) liquid tanker. The remaining profile will be drawn from the type groupings of other carrier types. Deadweight (DWT) specifications are to be determined but it is anticipated at least two hulls will have DWT exceeding 100,000 DWT.

b.) One (1) new passenger vessel displacement hull profile; with specifications for Gross Registered Tonnage (GRT) and capacity to be determined but with general design likely within neo-Panamax specifications.

c.) Seven Offshore (7) Offshore Support vessel configurations with final specifications to be determined in consultation with the contractor.

Requirements respective to compilation of additional hull profiles created via the hull line flexibility program at a minimum will include;

a.) Three (3) additional cargo carrier displacement hull profiles with vessel type and size to be determined in consultation with the contractor.

b.) One (1) additional passenger vessel hull displacement profile with size or class to be determined in consultation with the contractor.

c.) One (1) additional offshore support vessel profile with size or class to be determined in consultation with the contractor.

Among the enhancements currently under development for CADET is the capability to (in limited form) evaluate vessel motion in the horizontal plane based on influence of hydraulic currents and waves in addition to wind and turning motion-induced list. Compatible with these efforts, for each added vessel library profile the contractor will assemble or develop specifications or characteristics also necessary for evaluation of both forward transit motion or vessel movement, control, and resistance in the horizontal plane including (but not necessarily limited to):

· Rudder surface area (measured in square metres) and dimensions, and capability of angle (measured in in degrees)

· Wind sail (360 degree angle of approach) area above the waterline respective to the elevation of moulded depth and elevation of surface area above the elevation of moulded depth (and relevant specifications for variability with variability for immersed draft and loading, especially for fully cellular containerships).

Wind sail area above the waterline shall be measured longitudinally and cross-sectionally in square metres. Longitudinally, wind sail area shall be divided into stations commensurate with station spacing available or as applied in SCORES or its enhanced version (20 stations defined by 21 demarcations or 40 stations defined by 41 demarcations) wind sail area. Wind sail shall include specifications for funnel height (whether or not the highest fixed point for a given profile) and the full extent of reference measurements for (fixed) height and air draft.

Powering, Bunkerage Consumption, and Emissions Modeling Powering and emissions modeling efforts and resulting formulas or quantitative relationships developed based on the hull lines library as completed to-date and via contractual services defined herein will be recompiled or adjusted based on additional hulls or hull profiles and more complete information on specifications related to hydraulic and wind resistance are to be added. This requirement pertains to ocean-going cargo, passenger, and tug or offshore vessel relationships in addition to other or new deep-draft hull configurations defined as a part of the PWS as specified or set forth herein. In addition, powering, emissions, and information needed for wake relationships comparable in nature and level of detail as developed for cargo hulls, passenger hulls, and tugs will also be required for any tug assistance and offshore support hulls developed under specifications of the PWS herein.

With respect to powering and bunkerage consumption as developed for displacement hull profiles, the contractor will compile respective data and develop numerical relationships for bunkerage consumption respective to load condition (i.e., or immersed draft) and speed in comparable form, detail and manner as assembled for the existing hull profiles of the lines library. Associated efforts shall be based on applicable parameters for prime mover and auxiliary engine specifications for power rating, typical operations at sea and when in port as applicable for dockside operations or maneuvering, and such relationships will be compiled respective to typically employed fuels. Based on subject relationships, the contractor will develop emissions profiles for the same constituents (CO, CO2, SO2, etc.) as primarily evaluated in the existing emissions model and hull lines library. Additional specifications that will be required will include ejection or exhaust volume and velocities at the funnel (with respective typical cross sectional areas of the exhaust plume) for each profile with variability of engine load or operations which can be applied to evaluation of concentration and dispersion patterning for engine emissions. Specific to fueling and emissions modeling, also required will be incorporation of modeling for a limited array (no more than eight (8) individually identified organic chemical or elemental constituents) of potentially toxic substances or metals typically found in bunkerage or that are a byproduct of bunkerage consumption. Subject constituents are potentially of concern to the Federal Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and may include (but are not necessarily limited to) vanadium, fluorenes, benzenes, and other volatile or metallic constituents of concern. Relationships for powering and emissions will be compiled and provided in formula form for integration into other applications in addition to a stand-alone application that can be used for audit and review purposes.

The contractor assigned to execute tasks as defined for the PWS as described herein will not be required to research or develop associated emissions relationships for toxic substances. Associated efforts will be conducted by technical efforts as assigned under another or external contract work effort. However, the contractor assigned to work efforts under this PWS will be required to develop procedures and numerical relationships or processes to integrate toxic emission relationships into the powering and emissions model(s) as needed to support credible operation of an enhanced emissions model structured to include evaluation of toxic and common emissions or pollutant substances.

As an additional requirement related to the powering and emissions models, the contractor will be required to develop or refine mathematically valid cross-class relationships to enable ready application of bunkerage consumption and emissions relationships to any size or class of hull respective to vessel type (bulk carrier, tanker, etc.), size and powering, and associated operating condition(s). This is essential to more accurately allow estimation of such relationships via method(s) as most appropriate across size classes of hull with statistical best fit. Such cross-class relationships shall comprehensively be based on or derived from conditions of vessel type, size, speed, immersed draft and other significant conditions and physical specifications as applied for all previous base profiles of the lines library in addition to the hull profiles to be added per description of the PWS as defined herein.

Compatibility with Enhancement of Vessel Wake Application The evaluation of vessel wake (particularly in protected waters) is often a concern for waterway project analyses. This is especially so when there exist circumstances supporting a change or migration in commercial fleet service regime toward larger vessels, changes and differences in operating conditions or procedures (such as increased speed, increased immersed draft, etc.) or changes in waterway specifications which have the potential to significantly influence the parameters of wake, hydraulic resistance, and potential related impacts. Precise evaluation of vessel wake can require significant effort, time, and expense, especially when potential impacts are uncertain and notably variable. However there are methods and research that has been completed which has allowed development of abbreviated formulas and applications to initially assess or screen whether potential wake conditions are or are not likely to be an issue (depending on circumstance) or whether the change in conditions for vessel wake warrants more detailed evaluations with comprehensive capabilities for numerical or more compute-intensive quantitative modeling (involving application of computational fluid dynamics, etc.).

Accordingly, USACE-IWR recently undertook efforts via professional services to develop a first-generation abbreviated vessel wake screening tool linked to general physical parameters for vessel hull types, physical size, and general hull form parameters. As a basis for reference these hull form parameters were modeled on the hull lines library developed to-date for application to CADET and the current powering and emissions models. Objectives were to develop a wake screening tool to perform general preliminary assessment of potentially significant wake parameters (height, speed, distance before dissipation, angle of dispersal, evaluation of wave break, etc.). Technical review and limited use of the wake tool developed to-date reveals that it has proven applicable to a variety of inquiries and investigations regarding both its original purpose (evaluating only basic impacts and adjustment of vessel size and speeds for waterway traffic capacity analysis) in addition to more detailed within-harbor shoreline impacts and calibration of vessel speeds for vessel traffic and general waterway system capacity modeling. Correspondingly, in addition to the inclusion or address of additional commercial carrier and passenger vessel profiles as described, review of the wake application indicates that it should be updated to account for the addition of offshore support vessels which will be evaluated for addition to the lines library compiled for application with CADET. In addition, the contractor will incorporate capabilities for backsolving speed for an alternative vessel class which generates equivalent wake and wave energy for a given baseline type and class of ship (to facilitate easier application for vessel speed calibration by the user). Additional requirements for improvement shall include graphical portrayal of drawdown, linkage of salinity and temperature to kinematic viscosity, and portrayal of the variability of underkeel clearance relative to trim and estimation of squat. The contractor shall also integrate to the extent possible (as a non-CFD capable application or capability) capabilities for interactions of passing vessels within a transit channel or berthing area environment and include capability to address parallel versus non-parallel lines. The contractor shall also investigate the application or integration of funwave TVD to improve modeling capabilities. Specific to integration of funwave, the contractor shall prepare an optional time and cost estimate for research and inclusion of capabilities compatible with the wake application and prepare a written technical summary on what features or capabilities of funwave are applicable on the basis of availability as open-source software.

Travel & Reimbursable Expenses Travel - It is requested that the contractor formulate and include for proposal any estimates for travel resources (time and costs) as deemed prudent or necessary to acceptably and competently execute requirements, specifications, and needs for competent fulfillment of the PWS as set forth herein. Where necessary and valid, the contractor will be granted allowances for reimbursement for reasonable expenses to support travel to conduct in-person or on-site technical meetings with representatives of IWR. Travel reimbursement will be generally limited to or in accordance with allowances for the current Federal Joint Travel Regulation (JTR) and guidelines of the Office of Personnel Management (OPM) for travel expenses addressing transportation and per diem. Exception may be permissible where marginal or increased costs can be determined to be fair and reasonable given circumstance (i.e., such as ineligibility of contractor staff for Federal lodging rates, seasonal or other market issues impacting lodging rates or airfares, etc.). Under circumstances where travel cannot be conducted within standard or typical Federal travel allowances the contractor will be responsible for conducting travel where needed with efforts to limit costs to what is considered fair and reasonable and not excessive given circumstance in an effort to minimize costs to the Government. Should the contractor determine there will exist valid need for marginal reimbursable expenses such as the acquisition of data or information in the absence of provision of such data by the Government, the contractor will formulate a fair and reasonable estimate of time and costs as a separable reimbursable element for inclusion in the overall proposal.

Summary of Deliverables and Associated Schedules

Tracking of status of work and products shall be by monthly teleconference or by monthly email submission, the choice of which is up to the discretion of the contractor unless (according to the Government technical representative) significant technical issues arise where under such circumstance communication shall be by both written and electronic means in the interest of documenting and expeditiously resolving issues wherever possible. In reference to time frames, the notice to proceed (NTP) is based on a projected date coincident with contract award expected no later than 30 September 2021 with any actual timeframes as explicitly stated and applied for contract requirements adjusted in reference to this date or any described calendar dates anticipated for data or material availability as appropriate. Based on current availability of information concerning data or products, it is anticipated that total time for completion of all tasks should not require more than three hundred sixty (360) calendar days from the initial contract award and corresponding general Notice to Proceed (NTP) through completion of activities associated with closeout of contractual services. Corresponding to description of the technical requirements as outlined, the following deliverables have been identified:

Initial Meeting(s) - An initial meeting is to be held via teleconference with the contractor within twenty-one (21) calendar days or less of contract award and prior to or by 20 October 2020. The purpose of this meeting will be for the Government technical representative to confirm directives for work efforts (i.e., such as the resolution of requirements, technical needs and intended analytical application of subject products and deliverables). Within forty-five (45) calendar days a second meeting or teleconference will be held determine or affirm agreement on the specifications for new commercial cargo, passenger, and tug service hull profiles, and to answer any post-award questions and effort to resolve any significant concerns the contractor may have before proceeding further with associated technical work.

Summary of Tasks or Items and Deliverables; Preparation of Cost Estimate for Contractor Proposal Given the preceding description of requirements for analytical work deemed to be in the interests of the Government, the contractor shall prepare cost estimates according to the following general areas or taskings as outlined in the PWS herein:

Taskings or items 1,2, 3, 4, and 5; update of powering, emissions, and wake modeling relationships or capabilities

· Task 1.) Update of powering and bunkerage consumption relationships to incorporate additional commercial carrier, passenger, and offshore support vessels as described; time allowance(s): Task is to be completed within one-hundred ninety-five (195) calendar days from the initial general contract notice to proceed (NTP) for described and associated work requirements herein.

· Task 2.) Update of emissions relationships for additional commercial cargo, passenger, and offshore support hulls to be added to the lines library as described; time allowance(s): Task is to be completed within two-hundred ten (210) calendar days from the initial general contract notice to proceed (NTP) for described and associated work requirements herein.

· Task 3.) Development of spreadsheet application for testing and audit verification of formula relationships for powering and emissions relationships incorporated into other applications; time allowance(s): Task is to be completed within two-hundred forty (240) calendar days from the initial general contract notice to proceed (NTP) for described and associated work requirements herein.

· Task 4.) Upgrade of the wake application to include backsolving for equivalent wake and energy relative to vessel type, size, speed and immersion; graphical portrayal of drawdown, linkage of salinity and temperature to kinematic viscosity, portrayal of the variability of underkeel clearance relative to trim and estimation of squat; integration to the extent possible (as a non-CFD capable application or capability) capabilities for interactions of passing vessels within a transit channel or berthing area environment; time allowances: Task(s) to be completed within two-hundred seventy (270) calendar days from the initial general contract notice to proceed (NTP) for described and associated work requirements herein.

· Task 5.) Initial investigation of time and cost to integrate (to the extent possible and practical) capabilities of funwave TVD; time allowances: Task is to be completed within two hundred fifty (250) calendar days from the initial general contract notice to proceed (NTP) for described and associated work requirements herein.

Task 6.) Travel and explicit reimbursable expenses (where justified).

Completion and Closeout of Contract Obligations -- In addition to interim status review and technical review as required over the course of requirements and frequency of status review, the Government shall have an additional period of up to thirty (30) calendar days to undertake a comprehensive final technical review of all products, The contractor shall then have up to a final period of time not to exceed thirty (30) calendar days rendering a total time period not to exceed three hundred sixty (360) calendar days or less from the initial notice to proceed (NTP) which also includes all additional allowances for forwarding of materials and supporting documentation that is property of the Government subject to requirements of the PWS as set forth. All materials, including draft and interim products in addition to final documents, numerical models and computerized applications developed as a requirement, affiliated, or supporting process or consequence of the technical work and specifications set forth under the PWS herein are upon contract award property of the Government.

Contract Specifications for Compliance with Operational Security (OPSEC) Requirements The work associated with the performance work statement (PWS) as set forth for this contract will be unclassified but the contractor will be required to handle and work with information considered sensitive and proprietary to interests in the private sector who provide data to either the contractor or the Government and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) that is protected under limitations of disclosure subject to Section IV of the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA). Accordingly, within seventeen (17) calendar days of contract award, the contractor’s official representative for this contract and any of its employees who will have access or handle data identified by either the contractor or USACE as sensitive or proprietary will be required to sign agreements for non-disclosure and non-alternative use that will limit the access and use of subject data only to activities and requirements essential to execution of the work and technical requirements as set forth by the (PWS) herein.

AT Level I Training (AT/OPSEC Review Clause 1; ENG Form 6055 Jun 2015): Specific to contractor employees with an area of performance within an Army-controlled installation, facility or area, all contractor employees, to include associated subcontractor employees (or any other employee affiliated with working requirements of this contract), requiring access to Army installations, facilities, controlled access areas, or who require network access, shall complete AT Level I awareness training within thirty (30) calendar days after contract award or start date or effective date of incorporation of this requirement into the contract, whichever is applicable. Upon request, the contractor shall submit certificates of completion for each affected employee as described to the COR or to the contracting officer (if a COR is not assigned), within (5) calendar days after completion of training by all employees (whether directly employed, employed via sub-contractual services or otherwise appropriately or functionally affiliated). AT Level I awareness training is available at the following website:

http://jko.jten.mil/courses/atl1/launch.html; or it can be provided by the RA ATO in presentation form which will be documented via memorandum.

Access and General Protection/Security Policy and Procedures.(AT/OPSEC Review Clause 2; ENG Form 6055 Jun 2015): Specific to contractor employees with an area of performance within an Army controlled installation, facility or area, all contractor employees , to include associated subcontractor employees (or any other employee affiliated with working requirements of this contract), requiring access to Army installations or facilities shall comply with applicable installation, facility and area commander installation/facility access and local security policies and procedures (provided by government representative). The contractor shall also provide all information required for background checks to meet installation/facility access requirements to be accomplished by installation Provost Marshal Office, Director of Emergency Services or Security Office. Contractor workforce must comply with all personal identity verification requirements (FAR clause 52.204-9, Personal Identity Verification of Contractor Personnel) as directed by DOD, HQDA and/or local policy. In addition to the changes otherwise authorized by the changes clause of this contract, should the Force Protection Condition (FPCON) at any installation or facility change, the Government may require changes in contractor security matters or processes.

Specific to contractors who do not require issuance of Common Access Card (CAC) Identification, but require access to a DoD (Department of Defense) facility or installation (AT/OPSEC Review Clause 2c; ENG Form 6055 Jun 2015): Contractor and all associated sub-contractors and otherwise affiliated employees assigned work or taskings in association with requirements for the performance work statement (PWS) herein shall comply with adjudication standards and procedures using the National Crime Information Center Interstate Identification Index (NCIC-III) and Terrorist Screening Database (TSDB) (Army Directive 2014-05 / AR 190-13), applicable installation, facility and area commander installation/facility access and local security policies and procedures (provided by Government representative, as NCIC and TSDB are available), or, at OCONUS locations, in accordance with status of forces agreements and other theater regulations.

General: Wherever computerized systems or applications are developed in support of or as a specified requirement of the PWS as set forth herein, the contractor will comply (to the extent applicable) with DoDI 8500.01 (2014) section 3.c.2, DoDI 8510.01 (2016) section 3.d, and USACE ER 25-1-112 (2014) section 7.1.3; all information systems (IS) and platform information technology (PIT) systems developed and/or supported under this contract shall comply with all DoD, DISA, Army, and USACE cybersecurity and architectural requirements. This includes IS/PIT compliance with DISA Security Technical Implementation Guides (STIG) and being categorized IAW CNSSI 1253 using security controls developed IAW, the risk management framework (NIST SP 800-53). STIG compliance includes, but is not limited to most current version of the DISA published Application Security and Development STIG and the internet access point (IAP) demilitarized zone (DMZ) STIG.

End of Performance Work Statement (PWS).

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