Down to Earth LLC 122 Church Street

Naugatuck, CT 06770

PHASE I ENVIRONMENTAL SITE ASSESSMENT

VACANT PROPERTY

145 BISHOP STREET

WATERBURY, CONNECTICUT

FOR:

Neighborhood Housing Services of Waterbury

193 Grand Street, 3rd Floor Waterbury, CT 06702

BY:

Down To Earth, LLC

Naugatuck, CT 06770

November 2020

November 12, 2020

Mr. Kevin T. Taylor Neighborhood Housing Services of Waterbury 193 Grand Street, 3rd Floor Waterbury, CT 06702

Via email: KTaylor@nhswaterbury.org

Re: Phase I Environmental Site Assessment Vacant Property

145 Bishop Street Waterbury, Connecticut

Dear Mr. Taylor:

As requested, Down to Earth, LLC (DTE) has prepared this Phase I Environmental Site Assessment of the above-referenced property (Site). The Phase I Environmental Site Assessment (Phase I ESA) was completed in general accordance with standards published by the American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM E1527-13). Our objective was to obtain information on historic and previous Site uses, in accordance with prevailing standards, and to identify Recognized Environmental Conditions at the Site. We understand that the Client is considering purchasing the property.

The Site consists of a 0.16-acre vacant lot in an established residential zone (RM- Residential- Multiple) in Waterbury, Connecticut. Down to Earth’s Phase I ESA identified no Recognized Environmental Conditions (RECs).

Based on the history of residential use and available information, it is our opinion that the Site does not meet the definition of an “establishment” in accordance with Connecticut’s Property Transfer Act (CGS 22a-134). Ultimately, this determination is a legal one and the opinion of environmental legal council is recommended.

We appreciate the opportunity to work with you on this project. If you have any questions, please contact the undersigned.

Sincerely, DOWN TO EARTH, LLC

Vincent Infante Timothy Carr, LEP Environmental Scientist Principal

G:\SHARED DRIVES\ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES\NEIGHBORHOOD HOUSING SERVICES OF WATERBURY\PI ESA 145 BISHOP ST WATERBURY\REPORT\PHASE I ESA

- 145 BISHOP ST WATERBURY - DTE 11-12-2020.DOCX

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 PURPOSE

1.2 DETAILED SCOPE OF SERVICES

1.3 SIGNIFICANT ASSUMPTIONS

1.4 SPECIAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS

1.5 RELIANCE

1.6 DEVIATIONS

1.7 ADDITIONAL SERVICES

2.0 SITE LOCATION/LAND USE

2.1 SITE LOCATION

2.2 SITE AND VICINITY CHARACTERISTICS

2.3 CURRENT USE OF THE PROPERTY

2.4 DESCRIPTION OF SITE IMPROVEMENTS

2.5 CURRENT USES OF THE ADJOINING PROPERTIES

2.6 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING

2.6.1 Topography

2.6.2 Geology

2.6.3 Hydrogeology

2.6.4 Threatened and Endangered Species

2.6.5 Flood Zones

2.6.6 Wetlands

3.0 USER-PROVIDED INFORMATION

3.1 ENVIRONMENTAL LIENS

3.2 ACTIVITY AND USE LIMITATIONS

3.3 SPECIALIZED KNOWLEDGE

3.4 OBVIOUS CONTAMINATION PRESENCE OR LIKELY PRESENCE

3.5 OWNER, PROPERTY MANAGER, AND OCCUPANT INFORMATION

3.6 REASON FOR PERFORMING PHASE I ESA

4.0 SITE HISTORY

4.1 GENERAL INFORMATION

4.2 DEED RECORDS

4.3 HISTORICAL INFORMATION PROVIDED DURING INTERVIEW

4.4 INTERVIEWS WITH LOCAL GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS

4.5 PREVIOUS ENVIRONMENTAL REPORTS

4.6 EVALUATION OF HISTORICAL INFORMATION SOURCES

4.6.1 Sanborn Maps

4.6.2 Aerial Photographs

4.6.3 Historical Topographic Maps

5.0 REGULATORY AGENCY RESEARCH

5.1 MUNICIPAL FILE INFORMATION

5.1.1 Fire Department

5.1.2 Building Department

5.1.3 Health Department

5.2 CTDEEP INFORMATION

5.3 REGULATORY RESEARCH SUMMARY

5.3.1 Site

Phase I Environmental Site Assessment Vacant Property

145 Bishop Street

November 12, 2020 – Page ii

5.3.2 Other Properties in the Vicinity

5.3.3 ERIS Orphan Properties

5.4 APPLICABILITY OF THE PROPERTY TRANSFER ACT

6.0 SITE RECONNAISSANCE

6.1 METHODOLOGY AND LIMITING CONDITIONS

6.2 GENERAL SITE CONDITIONS

6.2.1 Site Observations

6.2.2 Hazardous Substances and Petroleum Products

6.2.3 Storage Tanks

6.2.4 Odors

6.2.5 Pools of Liquid

6.2.6 Drums

6.2.7 Unidentified Substance Containers

6.2.8 PCBs

6.2.9 Pits, Ponds, or Lagoons

6.2.10 Surficial Staining

6.2.11 Stressed Vegetation

6.2.12 Solid Waste and Debris

6.2.13 Wastewater

6.2.14 Wells

6.2.15 Septic Systems

6.2.16 Drains and Sumps

7.0 FINDINGS & CONCLUSIONS

8.0 DATA GAPS

9.0 ENVIRONMENTAL PROFESSIONAL STATEMENT

10.0 LIMITATIONS AND EXCEPTIONS

FIGURES

FIGURE 1 SITE LOCATION MAP

FIGURE 2 SITE PLAN

FIGURE 3 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS

PHOTOGRAPHS

TABLES

TABLE 1 SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL DATABASE FINDINGS

APPENDICES

APPENDIX 1 USER QUESTIONNAIRE

APPENDIX 2 HISTORICAL INFORMATION

APPENDIX 3 MUNICIPAL AND STATE FILE INFORMATION

APPENDIX 4 ERIS ENVIRONMENTAL DATABASE REPORT

1.0 INTRODUCTION

Down to Earth, LLC (DTE) was requested by Neighborhood Housing Services of Waterbury, (Client), to conduct a Phase I Environmental Site Assessment of the property identified as 145 Bishop Street in Waterbury, Connecticut (“Site”). DTE’s objective was to obtain information on current and historic Site uses, in accordance with prevailing standards, and to identify Recognized Environmental Conditions (RECs) at the Site, as defined by ASTM. In addition, we evaluated whether the Site might be considered an “establishment”, as defined by the Connecticut Property Transfer Act. We understand that the Client is considering purchasing the property.

1.1 PURPOSE

The objective of this Phase I ESA is to assess and document the status of environmental conditions at the Site. Information regarding the significant assumptions, limitations and exceptions, and special terms and conditions of this report are included within this document.

1.2 DETAILED SCOPE OF SERVICES

The Phase I ESA was conducted in accordance with the ASTM (ASTM) E1527-13 Standard Practice for Site Assessments: Phase I Environmental Site Assessment Process. We also incorporated the Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection’s (CTDEEP’s) “Site Characterization Guidance Document” (SCGD), dated September 2007 (revised December 2010). The SCGD states “if the intention of the environmental professional is to demonstrate compliance with the Connecticut Remediation Standard Regulations (RSRs), Sections 22a-133k- 1 through 22a-133k-3 of the Regulations of Connecticut State Agencies, site characterization must be consistent with this SCGD.”

The goal of the Phase I ESA was to identify Recognized Environmental Conditions (RECs), Controlled Recognized Environmental Conditions (CRECs), and Historical Recognized Environmental Conditions (HRECs) associated with the property, as defined by ASTM E1527-13.

A REC is defined as the presence or likely presence of a hazardous substances or petroleum products in, on, or at a property: 1) due to release to the environment; 2) under conditions indicative of a release to the environment, or; 3) under conditions that pose a material threat of a future release to the environment. De minimis conditions are not RECs. A goal of this Phase I ESA is also to identify Areas of Concern (AOCs) in accordance with the SCGD. For the purpose of this report AOCs are considered the same as RECs.

A Controlled REC (CREC) is defined as a REC resulting from a past release of hazardous substances or petroleum products that has been addressed to the satisfaction of the applicable regulatory authority (for example, as evidenced by the issuance of a no further action letter or equivalent, or meeting risk-based criteria established by regulatory authority), with hazardous substances or petroleum products allowed to remain in place subject to the implementation of required controls (for example, property use restrictions, activity and use limitations, institutional controls, or engineering controls).

145 Bishop Street

November 12, 2020 – Page 2

A Historic REC (HREC) is defined as a past release of any hazardous substances or petroleum products that has occurred in connection with the property and has been addressed to the satisfaction of the applicable regulatory authority or meeting unrestricted use criteria established by a regulatory authority, without subjecting the property to any required controls (for example, property use restrictions, activity and use limitations, institutional controls, or engineering controls).

According to the SCGD, an AOC is defined as locations or areas at a site where hazardous waste and/or hazardous substances (including petroleum products) have been or may have been used, stored, treated, handled, disposed, spilled, and/or released to the environment.

The ASTM practice requires environmental professionals to identify data gaps following reasonable inquiry of Site and municipal personnel, and the professional’s search for “reasonably ascertainable” resources and information. ASTM E1527-13 defines a data gap as “a lack of or inability to obtain information required by this practice despite good faith efforts by the environmental professional to gather such information.”

Down to Earth’s scope of work included:

Reconnaissance of the Site to identify RECs, HRECs or AOCS, as defined above;

Review of available environmental documents for the Site, including previous environmental assessments and investigations;

Interviews with persons represented to be familiar with the operation and history of the Site;

Review of property history through interviews and aerial photographs, city directories, ownership records, and historical mapping (as available);

Observation of adjacent properties and the local area to evaluate the potential for adverse environmental impact to the Site.

Contracting an environmental database company to identify sites of concern as required in the regulatory records review section of the ASTM Standard.

This Phase I ESA did not include the collection or analysis of soil, air, water, or other samples or an Environmental Lien search, unless otherwise noted.

1.3 SIGNIFICANT ASSUMPTIONS

Down to Earth has assumed that the information sources used for this investigation provided accurate information. Evaluations presented in this report are based exclusively on information provided by site personnel and observations made during the Site visit.

The boundaries of the Site were described in documents provided by Client and others. Down to Earth assumed this information was accurate.

1.4 SPECIAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS

No special terms and conditions were imposed on this Phase I ESA.

145 Bishop Street

November 12, 2020 – Page 3

1.5 RELIANCE

It is understood that this report will be prepared for the sole use of Client Neighborhood Housing Services of Waterbury and the contents thereof may not be used or relied upon by any other person, without the express written consent and authorization of Down to Earth. Use of this report by any other party shall be at such party’s sole risk and liability.

1.6 DEVIATIONS

No significant deviations from the referenced ASTM Standard occurred.

1.7 ADDITIONAL SERVICES

No additional services beyond what is outlined in ASTM E1527-13 were conducted as part of the assessment.

2.0 SITE LOCATION/LAND USE

The general location of the Site and physiographic features of the surrounding area are shown on Figure 1. A Site Plan is included as Figure 2. Photographs of the Site and surrounding areas are attached.

2.1 SITE LOCATION

The Site is owned by Waterbury Opportunities Industrialization Center Inc. and consist of a 0.16-acre vacant property in a residential zone (RM – Residential-Multiple).

2.2 SITE AND VICINITY CHARACTERISTICS

The Site is vacant land and bounded are residential housing along Bishop Street and Crownbrook Drive. Mt. Olive Church is located 300 feet northwest of the Site. Waterbury Contractors Supply and a large factory building is located one quarter mile to the east. This off-site property is now a warehouse and owned by the Christian Church.

2.3 CURRENT USE OF THE PROPERTY

The Site is a vacant parcel of land with no structures and is overgrown with vegetation.

2.4 DESCRIPTION OF SITE IMPROVEMENTS

No site improvements were apparent. A prior residential structures which was built in the late 1800s was demolished in the 1980s.

2.5 CURRENT USES OF THE ADJOINING PROPERTIES

The Site is bordered by residential housing along Bishop Street and Crownbrook Drive.

145 Bishop Street

November 12, 2020 – Page 4

2.6 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING

Information related to the environmental setting of the Site and vicinity was obtained from the Connecticut Environmental Conditions On-line website which is maintained by the University of Connecticut: http://ctecoapp1.uconn.edu/advancedviewer/) and from information provided by Environmental Risk Information Services (ERIS).

2.6.1 Topography

Site topography is relatively flat. The elevation of the Site is approximately 420 feet above mean sea level.

2.6.2 Geology

Surficial geology beneath the Site is mapped to consist of Agawam-Urban land complex, a sub type of till. Bedrock at the Site is mapped as consisting of Waterbury Gneiss (CWB), which is described as grey to dark-grey, fine to medium-grained schist and gneiss.

2.6.3 Hydrogeology

As indicated on Figure 3, groundwater at the Site is mapped by the CTDEEP as Class GB.

GB groundwater is defined by the CTDEEP as being located within a historically highly urbanized area or an area of intense industrial activity and where public water service is available. Such groundwater may not be suitable for human consumption without treatment due to waste discharges, spills or leaks of chemicals or land use impacts1.

The Naugatuck River is located approximately 1.1 miles to the east of the Site and the Lower Fulton Park Pond is located 2,000 feet to the north. The CTDEEP’s environmental mapping identified the Naugatuck River surface waters as Class B and Upper and Lower Fulton Park Ponds as class A. Designated uses for class A include potential drinking water supply; fish and wildlife habitat; recreational use; agricultural and industrial supply and other legitimate uses including navigation. Class B surface waters are designated for: habitat for fish and other aquatic life and wildlife; recreation; navigation; and industrial and agricultural water supply1.

Based on regional topography and drainage considerations, groundwater beneath the Site is inferred to flow to the south/southwest and towards the confluence of the Naugatuck River. Local groundwater flow characteristics may vary significantly based on heterogenous subsurface conditions and man-made influences (e.g. underground utilities).

2.6.4 Threatened and Endangered Species

The Site is not mapped by the CTDEEP’s Natural Diversity database (NDDB). The NDDB database identifies areas where threatened and endangered species have been identified.

1 State of Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection, “Water Quality Standards”, Effective February 25, 2011 and April 12, 1996.

145 Bishop Street

November 12, 2020 – Page 5

2.6.5 Flood Zones

According to the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Flood Insurance Rate

Map (FIRM) Community Panel Number 09009C0108H (12-17-2010) the Site is located in Zone X indicating an area of minimum flood zone.

2.6.6 Wetlands

Information from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service’s (USFWS) online National Wetland

Inventory Mapper indicated that no wetlands are located on-Site. However, both riverine (Great Brook) and 0.61-acre freshwater forested/shrub wetland habitat is located approximately 1,100 feet to the southeast.

3.0 USER-PROVIDED INFORMATION

The ASTM User Questionnaire was completed by Mr. Reginald Beamon, Executive Director of the Waterbury Opportunities Industrial Center, Inc. Mr. Beamon deferred to the findings of this Phase I Site Assessment with respect to environmental conditions.

3.1 ENVIRONMENTAL LIENS

A formal Environmental Lien Search was not conducted as part of this Phase I Site Assessment.

3.2 ACTIVITY AND USE LIMITATIONS

No information was found to indicate the Site is encumbered by an Activity and Use Limitation

(AUL).

3.3 SPECIALIZED KNOWLEDGE

It is Down To Earth’s understanding that the user is familiar with the Phase I ESA process. A User Questionnaire is included in Appendix 1.

3.4 OBVIOUS CONTAMINATION PRESENCE OR LIKELY PRESENCE

The User was not aware of the obvious presence or likely presence of contamination at the Site (spills, releases, or activities which would result in environmental contamination).

3.5 OWNER, PROPERTY MANAGER, AND OCCUPANT INFORMATION

The Site is currently owned by Waterbury Opportunities Industrial Center of 232 North Elm Street Waterbury, CT. Waterbury Opportunities Industrial Center was not aware of environmental liabilities at the property.

145 Bishop Street

November 12, 2020 – Page 6

3.6 REASON FOR PERFORMING PHASE I ESA

The reason for performing the Phase I ESA was to evaluate current environmental conditions at the Site by evaluating the presence or likely presence of hazardous substances and/or petroleum products on or near the Site under current conditions that indicate an existing release, a past release or material threat of a release into the structures at the Site, or into the ground, groundwater or surface water at the Site.

4.0 SITE HISTORY

4.1 GENERAL INFORMATION

Down to Earth reviewed sources of historical information including available property information from the city website, Sanborn Fire Insurance maps, aerial photographs, topographic maps, and city directories. Some of the historical information sources were subcontracted Environmental Risk Information Services (ERIS). Documents are attached in Appendix 2.

4.2 DEED RECORDS

A title search was not within the scope of this project and was not provided. Due to COVID restrictions, the Waterbury Clerk’s office was not available. Property information downloaded from the City of Waterbury website is included in Appendix 2.

Based on the property card, Waterbury Opportunities Industrial Center purchased the property from an unknown party on February 6, 1991.

4.3 HISTORICAL INFORMATION PROVIDED DURING INTERVIEW

No significant historical information was obtained from interviews.

4.4 INTERVIEWS WITH LOCAL GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS

Information obtained from municipal officials is incorporated into other portions of this report.

4.5 PREVIOUS ENVIRONMENTAL REPORTS

No prior reports specific to the Site were provided.

4.6 EVALUATION OF HISTORICAL INFORMATION SOURCES

4.6.1 Sanborn Maps

Based on review of Sanborn Fire Insurance Maps dated 1895, 1901, 1921, 1950, and 1956, a structure designated as a dwelling (and a secondary smaller structure on the 1950 and 1956 maps) was shown on-Site in each Sanborn Map. The maps are included in Appendix 2.

145 Bishop Street

November 12, 2020 – Page 7

4.6.2 Aerial Photographs

Review of aerial photographs dated 1934, 1941, 1955, 1966, 1972, 1980, 1986, 1991, 2005, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, and 2018 indicated there was a building on-site prior to 1934 and was demolished in the early 1980s. Information obtained from review of the referenced photographs can be summarized as follows:

Year of

Photograph

Summary of Aerial Photographs

1934-1986 A building is visible on the property. Other residential structures surround the property.

The on-Site building has been demolished and no longer visible in the photographs.

1986-2018 The Site has remained relatively unchanged

4.6.3 Historical Topographic Maps

Little discernable information was obtained from review of historic topographic maps.

This is based primarily on the size of the Site relative to the scale of the maps and the historically developed nature of the area surrounding the Site.

5.0 REGULATORY AGENCY RESEARCH

Down To Earth contracted with ERIS to provide a Database Report of the Site and vicinity in accordance with ASTM-specified search radii. ERIS compiles environmental database information supplied by state and federal agencies (permits, spill notifications and regulatory status) in conformance with geo-referenced search radii based on property address.

5.1 MUNICIPAL FILE INFORMATION

On October 21, 2020, DTE made inquiries to the Waterbury City Hall for information pertaining to the property. We requested information about known environmental issues at the fire marshal’s office, health department, and city engineer. Responses from the departments are attached in Appendix 3.

5.1.1 Fire Department

DTE contacted the City of Waterbury Fire Marshall’s Office. On October 21, 2020, Assistant Fire Marshal Christopher Ranaudo reported, “that a thorough record review has been conducted.

The results of that records review are that there are no records located which are responsive to your request.” The emailed response is included in Appendix 3.

5.1.2 Building Department

DTE contacted the City of Waterbury Building Department and received a response on November 4, 2020 from Mr. Gil Graveline, stating that the Department issued a demolition permit

145 Bishop Street

November 12, 2020 – Page 8 to Bristol Crane Service on June 8, 1981. A copy of the demolition permit is included in Appendix

3. There is no indication of the removal of an underground fuel oil tank as part of the demolition.

It is believed the Site has remained vacant since the demolition was completed.

5.1.3 Health Department

On October 21, 2020, Mr. Richard Lee, Acting Assistant Director for the Waterbury Department of Health responded to our inquiry stating that the Department did not have any pertinent files for the Site. The emailed response is included in Appendix 3.

5.2 CTDEEP INFORMATION

In March 2020, the CTDEEP closed public access to their files due to COVID restrictions and we were unable to visit the CTDEEP file room to submit a Freedom of Information Request related to the Site and immediate vicinity. This has resulted a data gap.

5.3 REGULATORY RESEARCH SUMMARY

DTE contracted with Environmental Risk Information Services (ERIS) to complete an ASTM environmental database records search of the Site and vicinity. The database report is included in Appendix 4.

No information was obtained indicating the Site was identified in the environmental databases.

Numerous properties in the vicinity were identified in various environmental databases, as summarized on Table 1. We note that several of these former industrial operations are upgradient with respect to inferred groundwater flow direction and therefore may pose a potential source of contamination migration onto the Site.

5.3.1 Site

ERIS did not identify the Site in any of the environmental databases.

5.3.2 Other Properties in the Vicinity

Several surrounding properties have been identified by the environmental database search and are summarized on Table 1. Properties located within 500-feet and potentially upgradient of the Site pose a possible risk to Site groundwater impact. Our review of the properties identified as at higher elevation than the Site indicates their potential impact to the Site would be de minimis.

The majority of database identified properties which are inferred to be downgradient of the Site.

Properties in the immediate vicinity are listed in the Brownfield and hazardous handlers Database.

5.3.3 ERIS Orphan Properties

Properties that cannot be located because of insufficient address information are referred to by ERIS as “orphan” facilities. Information regarding these regulated facilities can be found in Appendix 4

145 Bishop Street

November 12, 2020 – Page 9

5.4 APPLICABILITY OF THE PROPERTY TRANSFER ACT

Connecticut General Statutes (CGS) Section 22a-134 as amended, commonly known as the Connecticut Transfer Act, requires the disclosure of environmental conditions when certain real properties and/or businesses, referred to in the Act as "establishments,” are "transferred.” An "establishment" is defined as follows:

"'Establishment' means any real property at which or any business operation from which

(A) on or after November 19, 1980, there was generated, except as the result of remediation of polluted soil, groundwater or sediment, more than one hundred kilograms of hazardous waste in any one month, (B) hazardous waste generated at a different location was recycled, reclaimed, reused, stored, handled, treated, transported or disposed of, (C) the process of dry cleaning was conducted on or after May 1, 1967, (D) furniture stripping was conducted on or after May 1, 1967, or (E) a vehicle body repair facility was located on or after May 1, 1967."

Based on the history of use (residential) and lack of information indicating that activities have occurred on-Site which could be construed to make the property an establishment, it is our opinion that the PTA does not apply. Ultimately, this determination is a legal one and the opinion of environmental legal council is recommended.

6.0 SITE RECONNAISSANCE

On October 20, 2020 Down to Earth visited the Site to observe general conditions and indications of the possible release(s) of oil or hazardous materials at the Site. Photographs of the Site conditions are attached.

6.1 METHODOLOGY AND LIMITING CONDITIONS

The methodology for the Site visit included walking the Site and observing current site conditions.

Weather conditions at the time of the Site reconnaissance was cloudy with temperatures of approximately 60 degrees Fahrenheit.

6.2 GENERAL SITE CONDITIONS

6.2.1 Site Observations

The Site is a vacant plot of land located in a residential neighborhood.

6.2.2 Hazardous Substances and Petroleum Products

No hazardous substances or petroleum products were observed.

6.2.3 Storage Tanks

No evidence of current/active petroleum or chemical storage was observed on the Site.

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November 12, 2020 – Page 10

6.2.4 Odors

No odors that would indicate an environmental concern were noted on-site.

6.2.5 Pools of Liquid

No pools of liquid were observed.

6.2.6 Drums

No drums were observed on the property.

6.2.7 Unidentified Substance Containers

Some pockets of litter and debris were present. No containers were observed which are currently suspected of containing hazardous substances or petroleum products. Some pockets of litter and debris were present.

6.2.8 PCBs

No evidence of the handling, storage or disposal of PCB containing materials or wastes were observed on the Site or vicinity.

6.2.9 Pits, Ponds, or Lagoons

No evidence of a pit, pond, or lagoon was noted on site during the day of the site visit.

6.2.10 Surficial Staining

No significant surface staining was observed on soil or pavement during our Site reconnaissance.

6.2.11 Stressed Vegetation

No areas of stressed vegetation were observed during this assessment.

6.2.12 Solid Waste and Debris

No, significant waste or debris was noted during the site visit.

6.2.13 Wastewater

No wastewater drains were observed on-site.

145 Bishop Street

November 12, 2020 – Page 11

6.2.14 Wells

No wells were observed on the Site. The area is supplied potable water by municipal means.

6.2.15 Septic Systems

No septic systems were observed or were identified as having been installed at the Site.

6.2.16 Drains and Sumps

No sumps or drains were noted on the Site.

7.0 FINDINGS & CONCLUSIONS

Down to Earth has performed a Phase I ESA in accordance with the ASTM E1527-13 Standard Practice for Site Assessments: Phase I ESA Process and CTDEEP’s SCGD. In evaluating the potential environmental conditions at this property, Down to Earth followed the standard of care and practical technical judgment used by other firms conducting Phase I ESAs in this region.

Based on the information collected during this Environmental Site Assessment, no RECs were identified.

Based on the history of residential use and available information, the Site does not appear to be an “establishment” in accordance with Connecticut’s Property Transfer Act (CGS 22a-134). This determination is a legal one which is based on our findings but also the nature of the property transfer. Therefore, the opinion and the input of qualified legal counsel is recommended.

8.0 DATA GAPS

Efforts were made by Down to Earth to obtain user-provided information and review all reasonably ascertainable resources to determine historical uses of the target property and surrounding properties in order to identify the possibility of AOCs or RECs in connection with the target property.

Objectives are complete with the above research, although Down To Earth did not have specific discussions with the current owners of the property. This includes the reason pavement was patched in the northern portion of the Site. As defined by ASTM, data failures or data gaps occur when historical research is reasonably ascertained and reviewed, but the intended objectives have not been met. In this case, we believe the intended objectives were met and communicated to the Client.

In March 2020, the CTDEEP closed public access to their files due to COVID restrictions. This has resulted a data gap.

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November 12, 2020 – Page 12

9.0 ENVIRONMENTAL PROFESSIONAL STATEMENT

I declare that, to the best of my professional knowledge and belief, I meet the definition of environmental professional as defined in Section 312.10 of 40 CFR Section 312. I have the specific qualifications based on education, training and experience to assess a property of the nature, history and setting of the subject property. I have developed and performed all appropriate inquiries in conformance with the standards and practices set forth in 40 C.F.R. Part 312.

Timothy Carr, LEP Principal

145 Bishop Street

November 12, 2020 – Page 13

10.0 LIMITATIONS AND EXCEPTIONS

The services performed, and any opinions expressed by Down to Earth in this report are based upon the limits of the investigation described herein. Down to Earth has relied upon the accuracy of documents, information, data, and other materials provided or made available by the Client and others. Down to Earth has not independently verified such information and assumes no liability for the accuracy or completeness of such information. Down to Earth makes no guarantee that site conditions do not exist, or will not exist in the future, that were undetected or that could lead to liability in connection with the Site.

Similarly, past and present activities on the Site indicating the potential for the existence of environmental concerns may not have been discovered by Down to Earth. Such activities may include those that would indicate the potential for regulated hazardous substances at the Site.

Likewise, site conditions or site activities that were outside the scope of the services described above, or changes to site conditions or regulatory requirements may lead to liabilities in connection with the Site that are not identified in this report.

Down to Earth has reviewed the information obtained in connection with performance of the services described above, in keeping with existing applicable environmental consulting standards and enforcement practices but cannot predict what actions any given agency may take or what standards and practices may apply in the future.

Where access to portions of the Site or to structures on the Site was unavailable or limited, Down to Earth renders no opinion and accepts no responsibility for assessment of the condition of these portions of the Site, including specifically, but not limited to, the presence of hazardous substances or petroleum products at these locations. In addition, Down to Earth renders no opinion concerning the presence or absence of hazardous substances or petroleum products where direct observation of any part of the Site, or structure on the Site, is limited by physical obstructions.

The conclusions and observations are based upon limited data and professional opinions, and the assessment is performed on a particular date. Site conditions and activities may change after that date. Therefore, the risk of undiscovered environmental impairment of the Site cannot be ruled out.

Down to Earth does not make any representations or warranties regarding the condition or value of the Site, regardless of the results of the assessment presented in this report.

Down to Earth makes no guarantees, certifications, warranties, or representations of any kind whatsoever, whether expressed or implied, regarding this Phase I ESA, the condition of the Site, or the liabilities associated with the Site.

FIGURES

Naugatuck, CT

AREA PLAN

145 BISHOP STREET

WATERBURY, CONNECTICUT

Scale:

As Shown Figure No. 1

Drawn By: VTI Checked By: TFC

SITE

Mapping obtained from the United States Geological Survey TNM website.

Naugatuck, CT

ENVIRONMENTAL WATER QUALITY MAPPING

CT-ECO WEBSITE

145 BISHOP STREET

WATERBURY, CONNECTICUT

Scale:

As Shown Figure No. 3

Drawn By: VTI Checked By: TFC

Mapping obtained from the CTDEEP’s Geographic Information Systems (GIS) data download web page and Connecticut Environmental Conditions Online (CT ECO) on October 21, 2020

SITE

Fulton Pond – Class A Surface Water

Green Shading = GB Groundwater Classification

PHOTOGRAPHS

Photographs Vacant Lot

Waterbury, CT

Photograph No. 1: View of property looking west

Photograph No. 2: View of property looking north

Photograph No. 3: View of property looking east

TABLES

SOURCE SITE NAME ADDRESS DISTANCE (mi) DIRECTION ELEV

BROWNFIELDS 31 BURTON STREET 31 BURTON STREET 0.096 SE Lower

BROWNFIELDS 99 PEARL STREET 99 PEARL STREET 0.130 W Lower

BROWNFIELDS PEARL STREET PARK 47‐103 PEARL STREET 0.131 WSW Lower

BROWNFIELDS 215 CHERRY STREET 215 CHERRY STREET 0.311 SSE Lower

BROWNFIELDS 27 DIVISION STREET 27 DIVISION STREET 0.325 E Lower

BROWNFIELDS 57 DIVISION STREET 57 DIVISION STREET 0.344 E Lower

BROWNFIELDS Waterbury Development Corporation 16 Cherry Avenue 0.360 S Lower

BROWNFIELDS CHERRY STREET INDUSTRIAL PARK 16 CHERRY AVENUE 0.360 S Lower

BROWNFIELDS WATERBURY CLOCK COMPANY 39 CHERRY AVENUE 0.362 S Lower

BROWNFIELDS WATERBURY CLOCK COMPANY 177 CHERRY STREET 0.364 SSE Lower

BROWNFIELDS BENRUS WATCH COMPANY 145 CHERRY AVENUE 0.426 SSE Lower

CERCLIS EPAC COMPANY 730 NORTH MAIN STREET 0.160 ESE Lower

CERCLIS NFRAP EPAC COMPANY 730 NORTH MAIN STREET 0.160 ESE Lower

CT HAZ HANDLERS

WATERBURY OPERTURNIST IND

CENTER INC 71 73 BISHOP ST 0.135 SSW Lower

CT HAZ HANDLERS EPAC CO 730 NO MAIN ST 0.137 E Lower

CT HAZ HANDLERS RADIO RESEARCH INSTRUMENT CO 584 N MAIN ST 0.145 SE Lower

CT HAZ HANDLERS RADIO RESEARCH INSTRUMENT CO 584 N MAIN ST 0.145 SE Lower

CT HAZ HANDLERS NYLO METAL FINISHING LLC 730 N MAIN ST 0.160 ESE Lower

CT HAZ HANDLERS EPAC CO 730 N MAIN ST 0.160 ESE Lower

CT HAZ HANDLERS WALTEC AMERICAN FORGINGS INC 730 N MAIN ST 0.160 ESE Lower

CT HAZ HANDLERS EPAC CO 730 N MAIN ST 0.160 ESE Lower

CT HAZ HANDLERS WATERBURY REALTY LLC 730 N MAIN ST 0.160 ESE Lower

CT HAZ HANDLERS TOP NOTCH ENERGIZING 730 NORTH MAIN ST 0.160 ESE Lower

CT HAZ HANDLERS CEDIC CAZIMOUSKI 6 FLEET ST 0.190 NNE Higher

CT HAZ HANDLERS ZION BAPTIST 137 PEARLST 0.194 WNW Higher

CT HAZ HANDLERS

FAMILY SERV OF GREATER

WATERBURY 14 BUCKINGHAM ST 0.195 W Higher

CT HAZ HANDLERS

STANLEY SERV OF GREATER

WATERBURY 14 BUCKINGHAM ST 0.195 W Higher

CT HAZ HANDLERS David Menzez 137 139 HILL ST 0.210 NNE Higher

CT HAZ HANDLERS V A CONSTRUCTION CO 224 COOKE ST 0.218 W Higher

CT HAZ HANDLERS DIPRIMIO BROS 88 EASTON AVE 0.246 ENE Higher

DELISTED TANKS WALTEC AMERICAN FORGINGS INC 730 N MAIN ST 0.160 ESE Lower

FED BROWNFIELDS 31 Burton Street 31 Burton Street 0.096 SE Lower

FED BROWNFIELDS 99 Pearl Street 99 Pearl Street 0.130 W Lower

FED BROWNFIELDS Pearl Street Park 47‐103 Pearl St 0.131 WSW Lower

FED BROWNFIELDS 215 Cherry Street 215 Cherry Street 0.311 SSE Lower

FED BROWNFIELDS 27 Division Street 27 Division Street 0.325 E Lower

FED BROWNFIELDS 57 Division Street 57 Division Street 0.344 E Lower

FED BROWNFIELDS 16 Cherry Avenue 16 Cherry Avenue 0.360 S Lower

FED BROWNFIELDS 39 Cherry Avenue 39 Cherry Avenue 0.362 S Lower

FED BROWNFIELDS 177 Cherry Street 177 Cherry Street 0.364 SSE Lower

FED BROWNFIELDS Bunker Hill Park 0.394 W Higher

FED BROWNFIELDS 167 Maple Street 167 Maple Street 0.434 S Lower

HZ NOTIFICATION UConn Waterbury Campus (former) 32 Hillside Avenue 0.326 WSW Lower

HZ NOTIFICATION Former Waterbury Clock Factory 13 Cherry Avenue 0.357 S Lower

HZ NOTIFICATION Former Waterbury Clock Factory 13 Cherry Avenue 0.357 S Lower

HZ NOTIFICATION Jonathan E. Reed School 33 Griggs Street 0.376 ENE Lower

HZ NOTIFICATION Jonathan E. Reed School 33 Griggs Street 0.376 ENE Lower

ERIS DATA BASE FINDINGS

145 BISHOP STREET STREET

WATERBURY, CONNECTICUT

TABLE 1

LUST morris foundation 79 beacon st. 0.099 NNW Higher

LUST Moore Residence 52 Hill Street 0.107 ENE Higher

LUST CITY WATERBURY REDEVEL. AGENCY 31 BISHOP ST. 0.182 S Lower

LUST Former Gasoline Service Station 289 Cherry Street 0.250 S Lower

LUST Jim Nyambati Residence 332 ‐ 334 Pine Street 0.269 WNW Higher

LUST First Lutheran Church

68 Grove Street and 88

Cooke Street 0.269 SW Lower

LUST

Landmark BP (Former Galasso

Property and Grove Street Station)

84 Grove Street (intersection with Cooke Street) 0.288 SW Lower

LUST

Fulton Park (Greenhouse and Warming

Hut) Pine Street and Cooke Street 0.292 WNW Higher

LUST Kriedman Residence 3 Clifton Avenue 0.357 WNW Higher

LUST

Conn. Assoctiates 1 Limited LTD

Partnership 13 Cherry Avenue 0.357 S Lower

LUST New Opportunities 177 Cherry Street 0.364 SSE Lower

LUST GLEN MACCLEOD 67 HILLSIDE AVE 0.395 WSW Lower

LUST D Orsatti's Automotive 252 Hill Street 0.413 NNE Higher

LUST 167 Maple Street 167 Maple Street 0.434 S Lower

LUST DAN FERRARO 63 PROSPECT STREET 0.434 SW Lower

LUST Stolfi Oil Company 1116 North Main Street 0.437 ENE Higher

LUST Leader Oil Co. 313 Walnut Street 0.455 ESE Higher

LUST Andy's Oil 329 Walnut St. 0.465 ESE Higher

LUST WALTER MAKAROWITZ 100 CENTRAL AVENUE 0.465 WSW Lower

LUST FED REG 289 Cherry Street 0.250 S Lower

LUST FED REG 84 Grove Street 0.288 SW Lower

LUST FED REG 252 Hill Street 0.413 NNE Higher

LUST FED REG 313 Walnut Street 0.455 ESE Higher

LUST FED REG 313 Walnut Street 0.455 ESE Higher

PCB WATERBURY REALTY, LLC 730 NORTH MAIN ST. 0.160 ESE Lower

RCRA CORRACTS

ENVIRONMENTAL WASTE RESOURCES

INC 130 FREIGHT ST 0.878 WSW Lower

RCRA CORRACTS CARPIN MFG INC 59 W CLAY ST 0.992 SSW Lower

RCRA NON GEN EPAC CO 730 N MAIN ST 0.160 ESE Lower

RCRA NON GEN WALTEC AMERICAN FORGINGS INC 730 N MAIN ST 0.160 ESE Lower

RCRA NON GEN DIPRIMIO BROS 88 EASTON AVE 0.246 ENE Higher

RCRA SQG NYLO METAL FINISHING LLC 730 N MAIN ST 0.160 ESE Lower

SDAD WOIC 71‐73 Bishop Street 0.131 SSW Lower

SDAD THE EPAC CO. 730 NORTH MAIN STREET 0.160 ESE Lower

SDAD WATERBURY DEVELOPMENT AGENCY

NORTH MAIN AND NORTH

ELM 0.241 S Lower

SEMS

WATERBURY CLOCK FACTORY

(FORMER) 177 and 215 Cherry Street 0.311 SSE Lower

SEMS ARCHIVE EPAC COMPANY 730 NORTH MAIN STREET 0.160 ESE Lower

SHWS The Epac Co. 730 North Main Street 0.160 ESE Lower

SHWS Scoville Manufacturing 99 Mill Street 0.716 S Lower

SHWS Environmental Waste Resources 139 Freight Street 0.936 WSW Lower

SPILLS 52 SUMMER ST POLE 62226 0.041 E 0

SPILLS 148 bishop street 0.042 WSW Lower

SPILLS 38 crown st. 0.064 NNE Higher

SPILLS 67 Burton Street 0.069 SSE Lower

SPILLS 57 burton street 0.073 SSE Lower

SPILLS 57 burton street 0.073 SSE Lower

SPILLS 84 CROWN ST 0.078 NW Higher

SPILLS 210 BISOP ST. 0.095 WNW Higher

SPILLS 79 beacon st. 0.099 NNW Higher

SPILLS 20 BURTON ROAD 0.102 ESE Lower

SPILLS 17 SARSFIELD RD 0.104 NE Higher

SPILLS 225 BISHOP ST 0.113 WNW Higher

SPILLS 27 elizabeth st. 0.117 SSE Lower

UST VACANT LOT 71‐73 BISHOP STREET 0.131 SSW Lower

UST NYLO METAL FINISHING LLC 730 N MAIN ST 0.160 ESE Lower

VCP 215 Cherry Street 215 Cherry Street 0.311 SSE Lower

VCP Abbot Towers 255 North Main Street 0.332 SSW Lower

VCP 27‐57 Division Street 27 and 57 Division Street 0.344 E Lower

VCP Enterprise Apartments 13 Cherry Avenue 0.357 S Lower

VCP 16 Cherry Avenue 16 Cherry Avenue 0.360 S Lower

VCP 39 Cherry Avenue 39 Cherry Avenue 0.362 S Lower

VCP 177 Cherry Street 177 Cherry Street 0.364 SSE Lower

VCP Jonathan E. Reed School 33 Griggs Street 0.376 ENE Lower

VCP 167 Maple Street 167 Maple Street 0.434 S Lower

BROWNFIELDS 0 CHERRY AVENUE 0 CHERRY AVENUE

CT HAZ HANDLERS UCONN BUCKINGHAM ST

CT HAZ HANDLERS UCONN BUCKINGHAM ST

CT HAZ HANDLERS UCONN LAB BUCKINGHAM ST

FED BROWNFIELDS 0 Cherry Avenue 0 Cherry Avenue

SDAD CUNO ENGINEERING SOUTH VINE STREET

SHWS Century Brass Brass Mill Center

SPILLS beacon street 66

VCP Pearl Street Playground

Pearl Street (map/block/lot

0236‐0174‐0030)

APPENDIX 1

USER QUESTIONNAIRE

APPENDIX 2

HISTORICAL INFORMATION

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0,1-+ 01-%&2 /%.3 415+-+(.

*16+' ',%6+/125 7&1('581*%() 01-%&2 9�(0�,-1.%�( �$4&%53+' �%.3 �+,-%55%�( �3+ �55+55�, 1 erisinfo.com| Environmental Risk Information Services Order No: 20301900119p

Property Information

Order Number: 20301900119p

Date Completed: October 19, 2020

Project Number:

Project Property: 145 Bishop 145 Bishop Street Waterbury CT 06704

Coordinates:

Latitude: 41.56303895 Longitude: -73.03675508 UTM Northing: 4603123.90424 Meters UTM Easting: 663702.756574 Meters UTM Zone: UTM Zone 18T Elevation: 418.94 ft Slope Direction: SSW

Topographic Information Hydrologic Information Geologic Information Soil Information Wells and Additional Sources

Summary Detail Report

Radon Information Appendix Liability Notice

The ERIS Physical Setting Report - PSR provides comprehensive information about the physical setting around a site and includes a complete overview of topography and surface topology, in addition to hydrologic, geologic and soil characteristics. The location and detailed attributes of oil and gas wells, water wells, public water systems and radon are also included for review.

The compilation of both physical characteristics of a site and additional attribute data is useful in assessing the impact of migration of contaminants and subsequent impact on soils and groundwater.

Disclaimer

This Report does not provide a full environmental evaluation for the site or adjacent properties. Please see the terms and disclaimer at the end of the Report for greater detail.

http://www.erisinfo.com

Topographic Information

Topographic Information

3 erisinfo.com| Environmental Risk Information Services Order No: 20301900119p

The previous topographic map(s) are created by seamlessly merging and cutting current USGS topographic data. Below are shaded relief map(s), derived from USGS elevation data to show surrounding topography in further detail.

Topographic information at project property:

Elevation: 418.94 ft Slope Direction: SSW

Hydrologic Information

6 erisinfo.com| Environmental Risk Information Services Order No: 20301900119p

The Wetland Type map shows wetland existence overlaid on an aerial imagery. The Flood Hazard Zones map shows FEMA flood hazard zones overlaid on an aerial imagery. Relevant FIRM panels and detailed zone information is provided below.

Available FIRM Panels in area: 09009C0108H(effective:2010-12-17) 09009C0109H(effective:2010-12-17) 09009C0116H(effective:2010-12-17) 09009C0117H(effective:2010-12-17)

Flood Zone A-01

Zone: A

Zone subtype:

Flood Zone AE-01

Zone: AE

Zone subtype:

Flood Zone AE-11

Zone: AE

Zone subtype: FLOODWAY

Flood Zone X-01

Zone: X

Zone subtype: 0.2 PCT ANNUAL CHANCE FLOOD HAZARD

Flood Zone X-12

Zone: X

Zone subtype: AREA OF MINIMAL FLOOD HAZARD

Geologic Information

Geologic Information

8 erisinfo.com| Environmental Risk Information Services Order No: 20301900119p

The previous page shows USGS geology information. Detailed information about each unit is provided below.

Geologic Unit Otb

Unit Name: Basal member [of Taine Mountain Formation]

Unit Age: Lower? Ordovician

Primary Rock Type: granofels

Secondary Rock Type:

Unit Description: Basal member [of Taine Mountain Formation] around Waterbury dome - Differs from rest of Taine Mountain Formation in being especially well layered and generally less micaceous and schistose.

Geologic Unit Cwb

Unit Name: Waterbury Gneiss

Unit Age: Proterozoic Z or Cambrian or both

Primary Rock Type: schist

Secondary Rock Type: gneiss

Unit Description: Waterbury Gneiss - Medium- to dark-gray, fine- to medium-grained, generally irregularly foliated and lenticular rather than regularly layered schist and schistose gneiss, composed of biotite, quartz, oligoclase, kyanite (or sillimanite), and garnet, also locally microcline, irregularly mixed with granitoid gneiss, composed of oligoclase or andesine, quartz, biotite, and commonly microcline and muscovite.

Soil Information

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The previous page shows a soil map using SSURGO data from USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service. Detailed information about each unit is provided below.

Map Unit 229B (0.64%)

Map Unit Name: Agawam-Urban land complex, 0 to 8 percent slopes

Bedrock Depth - Min: null

Watertable Depth - Annual Min: null

Drainage Class - Dominant: Well drained

Hydrologic Group - Dominant: B - Soils in this group have moderately low runoff potential when thoroughly wet. Water transmission through the soil is unimpeded.

Major components are printed below

Agawam(40%) horizon Ap(0cm to 20cm) Fine sandy loam horizon Bw1(20cm to 36cm) Fine sandy loam horizon Bw2(36cm to 61cm) Fine sandy loam horizon 2C(61cm to 152cm) Stratified very gravelly coarse sand to fine sand

Urban land(35%) horizon H(0cm to 15cm) Material

Map Unit 260B (5.05%)

Map Unit Name: Charlton-Urban land complex, 3 to 8 percent slopes

Bedrock Depth - Min: null

Watertable Depth - Annual Min: null

Drainage Class - Dominant: Well drained

Hydrologic Group - Dominant: B - Soils in this group have moderately low runoff potential when thoroughly wet. Water transmission through the soil is unimpeded.

Major components are printed below

Charlton(40%) horizon Ap(0cm to 10cm) Fine sandy loam horizon Bw1(10cm to 18cm) Fine sandy loam horizon Bw2(18cm to 48cm) Fine sandy loam horizon Bw3(48cm to 69cm) Gravelly fine sandy loam horizon C(69cm to 165cm) Gravelly fine sandy loam

Urban land(35%) horizon H(0cm to 15cm) Material

Map Unit 260C (5.79%)

Map Unit Name: Charlton-Urban land complex, 8 to 15 percent slopes

Bedrock Depth - Min: null

Watertable Depth - Annual Min: null

Drainage Class - Dominant: Well drained

Hydrologic Group - Dominant: B - Soils in this group have moderately low runoff potential when thoroughly wet. Water transmission through the soil is unimpeded.

Major components are printed below

11 erisinfo.com| Environmental Risk Information Services Order No: 20301900119p

Charlton(40%) horizon Ap(0cm to 10cm) Fine sandy loam horizon Bw1(10cm to 18cm) Fine sandy loam horizon Bw2(18cm to 48cm) Fine sandy loam horizon Bw3(48cm to 69cm) Gravelly fine sandy loam horizon C(69cm to 165cm) Gravelly fine sandy loam

Urban land(35%) horizon H(0cm to 15cm) Material

Map Unit 260D (0.25%)

Map Unit Name: Charlton-Urban land complex, 15 to 25 percent slopes

Bedrock Depth - Min: null

Watertable Depth - Annual Min: null

Drainage Class - Dominant: Well drained

Hydrologic Group - Dominant: B - Soils in this group have moderately low runoff potential when thoroughly wet. Water transmission through the soil is unimpeded.

Major components are printed below

Charlton(40%) horizon Ap(0cm to 10cm) Fine sandy loam horizon Bw1(10cm to 18cm) Fine sandy loam horizon Bw2(18cm to 48cm) Fine sandy loam horizon Bw3(48cm to 69cm) Gravelly fine sandy loam horizon C(69cm to 165cm) Gravelly fine sandy loam

Urban land(35%) horizon H(0cm to 15cm) Material

Map Unit 284B (7.18%)

Map Unit Name: Paxton-Urban land complex, 3 to 8 percent slopes

Bedrock Depth - Min: null

Watertable Depth - Annual Min: 61cm

Drainage Class - Dominant: Well drained

Hydrologic Group - Dominant: C - Soils in this group have moderately high runoff potential when thoroughly wet. Water transmission through the soil is somewhat restricted.

Major components are printed below

Paxton(40%) horizon Ap(0cm to 20cm) Fine sandy loam horizon Bw1(20cm to 38cm) Fine sandy loam horizon Bw2(38cm to 66cm) Fine sandy loam horizon Cd(66cm to 165cm) Gravelly fine sandy loam

Urban land(35%) horizon H(0cm to 15cm) Material

Map Unit 284C (7.64%)

Map Unit Name: Paxton-Urban land complex, 8 to 15 percent slopes

Bedrock Depth - Min: null

12 erisinfo.com| Environmental Risk Information Services Order No: 20301900119p

Watertable Depth - Annual Min: 61cm

Drainage Class - Dominant: Well drained

Hydrologic Group - Dominant: C - Soils in this group have moderately high runoff potential when thoroughly wet. Water transmission through the soil is somewhat restricted.

Major components are printed below

Paxton(40%) horizon Ap(0cm to 20cm) Fine sandy loam horizon Bw1(20cm to 38cm) Fine sandy loam horizon Bw2(38cm to 66cm) Fine sandy loam horizon Cd(66cm to 165cm) Gravelly fine sandy loam

Urban land(35%) horizon H(0cm to 15cm) Material

Map Unit 3 (0.64%)

Map Unit Name: Ridgebury, Leicester, and Whitman soils, 0 to 8 percent slopes, extremely stony

Bedrock Depth - Min: null

Watertable Depth - Annual Min: 0cm

Drainage Class - Dominant: Poorly drained

Hydrologic Group - Dominant: D - Soils in this group have high runoff potential when thoroughly wet. Water movement through the soil is restricted or very restricted.

Major components are printed below

Ridgebury(40%) horizon A(0cm to 13cm) Fine sandy loam horizon Bw(13cm to 23cm) Sandy loam horizon Bg(23cm to 46cm) Gravelly sandy loam horizon Cd(46cm to 165cm) Gravelly sandy loam

Leicester(35%) horizon Oe(0cm to 3cm) Moderately decomposed plant material horizon A(3cm to 18cm) Fine sandy loam horizon Bg1(18cm to 25cm) Fine sandy loam horizon Bg2(25cm to 46cm) Fine sandy loam horizon BC(46cm to 61cm) Fine sandy loam horizon C1(61cm to 109cm) Gravelly fine sandy loam horizon C2(109cm to 165cm) Gravelly fine sandy loam

Whitman(20%) horizon Oi(0cm to 3cm) Slightly decomposed plant material horizon A(3cm to 23cm) Fine sandy loam horizon Bg(23cm to 41cm) Fine sandy loam horizon Cdg1(41cm to 56cm) Fine sandy loam horizon Cdg2(56cm to 152cm) Fine sandy loam

Map Unit 306 (32.89%)

Map Unit Name: Udorthents-Urban land complex

Bedrock Depth - Min: null

Watertable Depth - Annual Min: 150cm

Drainage Class - Dominant: Well drained

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Hydrologic Group - Dominant: B - Soils in this group have moderately low runoff potential when thoroughly wet. Water transmission through the soil is unimpeded.

Major components are printed below

Udorthents(5…