J.4 Ward Lake and Cobbett CGs Addendum Specifications.pdf

WARD LAKE AND COBBETT CGS WATER LINE REPLACEMENT

Ward Lake and Cobbett CGs Water Line Replacement – Addendum Project Specifications 12/17/2021

The specifications in this document contains references to Sections and Subsections of “Standard Specifications for Construction of Roads and Bridges on Federal Highway Projects” FP-14 U.S. Customary Units, hereby referred to as “FP-14”. Sections and Subsections of FP-14 referenced in this document are hereby made part of this solicitation and the resulting contract. Applicable Forest Service Supplemental Specifications (FSSS) shall apply to referenced Sections and Subsections of FP-14. When referencing FP-14 for this project, the Measurement Subsections and the Payment Subsections are not applicable to this project. Payment for this project will only be made according to the items identified and agreed upon in the solicitation and contract.

Copies of the “Standard Specifications for Construction of Roads and Bridges on Federal Highway Projects” FP-14 U.S. Customary Units are available electronically on the U.S.

Department of Transportation Federal Highways Administration website at https://flh.fhwa.dot.gov/resources/specs/.

https://flh.fhwa.dot.gov/resources/specs/

CONTENTS

DIVISION 01 – GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

SECTION 01 5001 – PUBLIC TRAFFIC

DIVISION 31 – EARTHWORK

SECTION 31 1001 – CONSTRUCTION STAKING

SECTION 31 1002 – CLEARING AND GRUBBING

SECTION 31 1003 – SOIL EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL

SECTION 31 1004 – WATERING FOR DUST

SECTION 31 1005 – ROCK BLASTING

DIVISION 32 – EXTERIOR IMPROVEMENTS

SECTION 32 1217 – ASPHALT CONCRETE

Division 01 General Requirements

SECTION 01 5001 – PUBLIC TRAFFIC

PART 1 – GENERAL

1.1 Summary

A. This work consists of controlling and protecting public traffic adjacent to and within the project.

1.2 Conform to MUTCD

PART 2 – PRODUCTS

2.1 Conform to the following FP-14 Sections and FP-14 Subsection:

A. Permanent Traffic Control 633 B. Traffic Signage and Marking Material 718 C. Concrete Barriers and Precast Guardwalls 618 D. Temporary Plastic Fence 710.11

PART 3 – EXECUTION

3.1 General

A. Accommodate traffic according to MUTCD, approved traffic control plan and this section. Perform work in a manner that ensures safety and convenience of the public.

Unless otherwise provided for in FP-14 Section 01 5001 3.3.A., keep existing roads open to all traffic during road improvement work, and maintain them in a condition that will adequately accommodate traffic. Delays may not exceed 45 minutes at any one time followed by an open period to allow traffic to pass through. Accommodate public traffic on roads adjacent to and within the project.

Submit traffic control plan at least 30 days prior to intended use. Perform no work that interferes or conflicts with traffic or existing access to the roadway surface until a traffic control plan has been approved.

Post construction signs and traffic control devices in conformance with MUTCD and Forest Service EM 7100-15. All required signs will be in place and approved prior to beginning work on project.

3.2 Temporary Traffic Control

A. Install and maintain temporary traffic control devices adjacent to and within the project as required by the approved traffic control plan and the MUTCD. Install and maintain traffic control devices as follows:

1. Furnish and install traffic control devices before the start of construction operations.

2. All detours outside of clearing limits will be approved in writing by the Contracting Officer as part of the traffic control plan.

3. Install only those traffic control devices needed for each stage or phase.

4. Relocate temporary traffic control devices as necessary.

5. Remove devices that no longer apply to the existing conditions.

6. Immediately replace any device that is lost, stolen, destroyed, or inoperative.

7. Keep temporary traffic control devices clean.

8. Remove all temporary traffic control devices upon contract completion or when approved.

9. When required, use flaggers certified by the American Traffic Safety Services Association, the National Safety Council, the International Municipal Signal Association, a state agency, or other acceptable organization. Perform the work described under MUTCD Part 6. Use type III, VII, VIII, or IX retroreflective sheeting on flagger paddles.

Do not use flags. Flaggers must wear high visibility safety apparel as required by

MUTCD 6E.02.

3.3 Temporary Closures

A. Road segments of NFSR 121 Trickle Park Road, NFSR 120 Cobbett Lake CG, NFSR 121.1D Ward Lake CG, and NFSR 121.1D1 Ward Lake Spur, may be closed to allow trenching and subsequent road repair within the extents of the project. Maintain traffic control devices during closure period(s). Appropriate barricades and signs will be erected and maintained as shown in the traffic control plan or as otherwise designated.

B. Prior to closing roads during construction, give written notice to the Contracting Officer at least 10 days in advance.

END OF SECTION 01 5001

Division 31 – Earthwork

SECTION 31 1001 – CONSTRUCTION STAKING

1.1 DESCRIPTION

A. This work consists of performing staking for the control of work.

B. Include staking activities in the construction schedule.

1.2 PERSONNEL

A. Provide technically qualified crews experienced in construction staking. Provide personnel capable of performing in a timely and accurate manner.

B. Provide a crew supervisor on the project whenever staking is in progress.

1.3 DISCUSS AND COORDINATE THE FOLLOWING WITH THE CO BEFORE STAKING

A. Staking methods;

B. Staking markings;

C. Grade control for courses of material;

D. Referencing;

E. Structure control;

F. Field staking data; and G. Other procedures and controls necessary for the work.

1.4 STAKING REQUIREMENTS

A. Perform staking, recording of data, and calculations as necessary to construct the project from the initial layout to final completion. Set stakes to Tolerances Class A.

Horizontal tolerance ±1.00 feet. Reset stakes as many times as necessary to construct the work.

1.5 ACCEPTANCE OF WORK

A. Acceptance of the construction staking does not relieve the Contractor of responsibility for correcting errors discovered during the work and for bearing additional costs associated with the error.

PART 2 – PRODUCTS

2.1 MATERIAL

A. Use required stake dimensions and materials. Pre-paint the top 2 inches of all stakes and lath, or mark them with plastic flagging. Use designated colors for paint or flagging.

Mark all stakes with a stake pencil that leaves a legible imprint, or with waterproof ink.

B. Do not use aerosol spray paints.

C. Use moisture-resistant paper for survey notes. Keep notes in books with covers that will protect the contents and retain the pages in numerical sequence.

PART 3 – EXECUTION

3.1 CLEARING AND GRUBBING LIMITS

A. Mark the clearing limits with flagging or tags on trees to be left standing, or on lath.

Make markings intervisible, and no more than 90 feet apart.

B. Clearing and grubbing limit stakes – Tolerance Class A. Horizontal tolerance ±1.00 feet.

C. After establishing clearing limits, move the location line stake outside the clearing limit for station identification purposes, and mark it with horizontal distance to location line

3.2 CENTERLINE ESTABLISHMENT

A. Establish or reestablish centerline as necessary to construct the work. Reestablish the centerline when construction survey and staking work does not meet the tolerances

3.3 MAINTENANCE OF STAKES

A. Maintain legibility of stake markings for the duration of the project or until notified in writing the stakes are no longer needed. Replace stakes if necessary, to ensure markings are maintained.

3.4 CLEAN UP

A. Remove and dispose of flagging, paint, lath, stakes, and other staking material after the project is complete.

END OF SECTION 31 1001

31 1002 CLEARING AND GRUBBING

1.1 DESCRIPTION

A. This work consists of clearing and grubbing.

PART 2 – PRODUCTS

2.1 MATERIAL

A. Conform to backfill material specified in Section 31 2317 Trenching, Bedding and Backfill for Utilities.

PART 3 – EXECUTION

3.1 GENERAL

A. Construct erosion control measures according to Section 31 1003 Soil Erosion and Sediment Control.

B. Perform work within designated limits. Do not damage vegetation designated to remain.

If damage occurs, repair or replace the vegetation in an acceptable manner. Where possible, preserve vegetation adjacent to bodies of water.

C. Treat cuts or scarred surfaces of trees and shrubs with tree wound dressing

3.2 CLEARING

A. Clearing width must be minimum 10’ wide, not to exceed 20’ wide.

B. Within the clearing limits clear trees, brush, and other vegetation as follows:

1. Cut trees so they fall within the clearing limits;

2. All trees to be removed shall be limbed to a 4” top and the slash scattered or placed back over the trench after backfill.

3. Slash shall not be placed in Campground units.

4. Green Spruce trees shall be either bucked into 4’ lengths or skinned along one side sufficient to dry the cambium layer and prevent beetle spread.

3.3 GRUBBING

A. Grub deep enough to remove stumps, roots, buried logs, moss, turf, or other vegetative matter as follows:

1. Grub areas to be excavated, except for cut slope rounding areas;

2. Grub embankment areas. Undisturbed stumps less than 24 inches in diameter may be left in place if they protrude less than 6 inches above the original ground and will be covered with more than 48 inches of embankment. Remove all other stumps;

3. Grub pits, channel changes, and ditches only to the depth necessary for the excavation;

4. Backfill stump holes and other grubbing holes with backfill material to the level of the surrounding ground. Backfill with satisfactory soils according to 31 2317 2.1 and 2.2.

Compact backfill according to 31 2317 3.10D; and

5. Merchantable timber is not anticipated to be present on the project site.

6. In the event that merchantable timber is present on site, utilization standards for merchantable timber are listed below. Fall and buck merchantable material into lengths not to exceed 40 feet. Pieces (logs) meet utilization standards when such pieces would have met Utilization Standards if bucking lengths were varied to include such material.

Minimum Utilization Standards Length = 16 feet.

Diameter (Inside Bark) at small end = 7 inches 33-1/3 Net Scale in % Gross for Sawlog

3.4 DISPOSAL

A. Dispose of surplus clearing and grubbing debris according to Section 01 1000 1.10.

B. Merchantable timber is Government property.

3.5 TREE WOUND DRESSING

A. Material for tree wound dressing will be evaluated under FP-14 Subsection 106.03.

END OF SECTION 31 1002

31 1003 SOIL EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL

1.1 Description

A. This work consists of furnishing, constructing, and maintaining soil erosion and sediment control devices to eliminate or minimize pollutants in stormwater discharges from the project.

1.2 General

A. Thirty (30) days prior to the start of construction, submit a written plan according to

FP-14 Subsection 104.03 with all necessary permits that provides permanent and temporary erosion control measures to minimize erosion and sedimentation during and after construction. Do not begin work until the necessary controls for that particular phase of work have been implemented. Do not modify the type, size, or location of any control without approval.

B. When erosion control measures are not functioning as intended, take corrective action to eliminate or minimize pollutants in storm water discharges from the project.

1.3 Qualifications

A. Submit the following for approval at least 14 days before earth disturbing operations begin:

1. Names of personnel responsible for soil erosion and sediment control; and

2. A résumé for each individual, describing their knowledge and experience providing erosion and sediment control and pollution prevention on construction projects for at least 5 years. Include certifications in those states where applicable.

2.1 Conform to the following project Specification:

A. Backfill material 31 2317

2.2 Conform to the following FP-14 Sections and Subsections:

A. Fiber rolls and socks 713.12 B. Floating turbidity curtains 713.21 C. Gravel bags 713.13 D. Plastic Lining 725.12 E. Prefabricated filter insert 713.20 F. Riprap 705.02 G. Sandbags 713.14 H. Sediment filter bags 713.19 I. Separation and stabilization geotextile and geotextile filter 714.01(a)

J. Silt fence 713.16 K. Tackifiers 713.11(a) L. Temporary culvert pipe 713.15 M. Temporary plastic fence 710.11 N. Temporary rolled erosion control products 713.17 O. Turf reinforcement mats 713.18 P. Water 725.01(b)

2.3 Seed Mixture

A. All seed placed on public land shall be approved by the CO and meet the specified standards for species and seeding rate for the specific habitat type within the project area.

B. Seed mix labels and test results shall be provided to the CO for approval before application.

C. All seed shall be tested by a registered seed analyst for viability/germination and noxious weeds and crop seed at official state seed analysis lab, within one year of acceptance date.

D. Certification shall include a minimum germination rate of 80%, a minimum purity of 90%, no noxious weed seeds and no more than 0.5% weight of other weed seeds.

E. Seeds shall have zero presence of prohibited and restricted noxious weed seed, and zero presence of noxious weeds.

F. For drill-seeding, small seeds (>500,000 per pound) must be packaged separately to allow for separate application and planted no deeper than 0.25 inch.

G. Seed mixture shall be:

1. High Elevation Native Mix, from Southwest Seeds Inc., Dolores, CO, (800) 543-1279;

or

2. Mix consisting of 35% Mountain Brome, 25% Slender wheatgrass, 15% Blue wildrye, 5% Mutton bluegrass, 5% Prairie junegrass, 10% Lewis blue flax, and 5% Rocky Mountain Penstemon; or

3. Approved equal.

PART 3 – EXECUTION

3.1 Controls and Limitations on Work

A. Before grubbing or grading, construct sediment controls around the perimeter of the project including filter barriers, diversion, and settling structures.

B. Limit the combined grubbing and grading operations areas to 8 acres of exposed soil at one time.

C. Construct and implement soil erosion and sediment control measures as follows:

1. Construct temporary controls in incremental stages as construction proceeds;

2. Construct temporary slope drains, diversion channels, and earth berms to protect disturbed areas and slopes;

3. When a soil disturbing activity within a portion of the project is complete, apply permanent measures to the finished slopes and ditches within 14 days;

4. When a soil disturbing activity within a portion of the project has temporarily ceased, apply temporary measures within 14 days;

5. Construct outlet protection as soon as culverts or other structures are complete;

6. Construct and maintain soil erosion and sediment controls on and around soil stockpiles;

7. Following each day’s grading operations, shape earthwork to minimize and control erosion from stormwater runoff; and

8. Maintain stabilized construction exits to minimize tracking of soil onto existing roads.

3.2 Filter Barriers

A. Construct silt fence, berms, and fiber rolls and socks to reduce the velocity of runoff to allow sediment to settle.

3.3 Temporary Sediment Traps

A. Construct temporary sediment traps to detain runoff from disturbed areas and settle out sediment. Provide outlet protection.

3.4 Sediment Basins

A. Construct sediment basins to store runoff and settle out sediment for large drainage areas. Excavate and construct sediment basins according to FP-14 Section 204. Construct riser pipes according to FP-14 Section 602. Provide outlet protection.

3.5 Outlet Protection

A. Construct riprap aprons or basins to reduce water velocity and prevent scour at the outlet of permanent and temporary erosion and sediment control measures. Construct riprap according to FP-14 Section 251.

3.6 Water Crossings

A. Construct temporary culvert pipe at temporary crossings where construction vehicles cross a live waterway.

3.7 Diversions

A. Construct temporary channels, temporary culverts, earth berms, or sandbags to divert water around disturbed areas and slopes. Use temporary channels, temporary culverts, pumps, sandbags, or other methods to divert the flow of live streams for permanent culvert installations and other work. Stabilize channels according to FP-14 Subsection

157.11. Provide outlet protection.

3.8 Waterway and Slope Protection and Stabilization. Use the following:

A. Plastic lining. Use plastic lining to protect underlying soil from erosion. Place the plastic lining loosely on a smooth soil surface free of projections or depressions that may cause the liner to puncture or tear. Lap transverse joints at least 3 feet in the direction of flow.

Do not use longitudinal joints. Anchor the lining in place using riprap, gravel bags, or sandbags.

B. Riprap. Construct riprap for channel lining according to FP-14 Section 251.

C. Check dams. Construct riprap, gravel bags, sandbags, fiber rolls and socks, or earth berms for temporary check dams to reduce the velocity of runoff in ditches and swales.

D. Rolled erosion control products. Use rolled erosion control products to stabilize waterways and slopes before or after temporary or permanent seeding. Install according to FP-14 Section 629 E. Temporary slope drains. Use drainpipe, riprap, or plastic lined waterway for temporary slope drains to channel runoff down slopes. Channel water into the slope drain with an earth berm, gravel bag, or sandbag headwall constructed at the top of a cut or fill.

Anchor slope drains to the slope. Provide outlet protection.

F. Floating turbidity curtains. Install floating turbidity curtains within a body of water to minimize the migration of silt laden water out of the construction area.

3.9 Temporary Soil Stabilization. Control soil erosion on unprotected slopes. Use the following:

A. Temporary cover. Use mulch, plastic, rolled erosion control product, or tackifier. Apply according to the manufacturer’s recommendations or as approved by the CO.

3.10 Permanent Soil Stabilization. Control erosion on completed permanent slopes. Use the following:

A. Apply seed mixture described in Section 31 1003 2.3 B. Seeds shall be applied using broadcast seeding, drill seeding, and/or hydroseeding.

1. Broadcast seeding rate: 25 pounds per acre.

2. Drill seeding rate: 18 pounds per acre.

3. Hydroseeding rate: 25 pounds per acre.

C. On steeper slopes (>35%), seeds shall be raked in after initial application.

3.11 Contractor Inspecting and Reporting

A. The contractor shall inspect erosion and sediment control measures using approved personnel. When there are no contract permits, conduct erosion and sediment control inspections at least once every 7 days.

B. Within 24 hours after each inspection, submit an inspection report to the CO. Include the following:

1. Date and time of the inspection;

2. Names and titles of persons making the inspection;

3. Summary of the inspection;

4. Weather since the last inspection or since the start of work, if the first inspection.

For each storm event, include the beginning date and time, duration, rainfall quantity in inches, and whether discharge occurred;

5. Weather and description of discharges occurring during the inspection;

6. Locations of discharges or other pollutants from the site;

7. Locations of erosion and sediment control measures that need maintenance;

8. Locations of erosion and sediment control measures that failed to operate as designated or proved inadequate for a particular location;

9. Locations where additional erosion and sediment control measures are needed; and

10. Other necessary corrective actions including action taken, locations, dates, and times.

3.12 Maintenance and Clean Up

A. Maintain temporary erosion and sediment control measures in working condition until the project is complete or the measures are no longer needed. Remove sediment trapped in perimeter protection control measures before deposits reach 50 percent of the above ground height. Remove sediment from sediment retention structures when their capacity is reduced to 50 percent of design capacity. Use removed sediment in the work if acceptable, or dispose of it according to Section 01 1000 1.10.

B. Replace erosion and sediment control measures that cannot be maintained and those that are damaged by construction operations.

C. Remove and dispose of temporary erosion and sediment control measures when vegetation is satisfactorily established and drainage ditches and channels are lined and stabilized. Dispose of erosion and sediment control measures according to Section 01 1000 1.10.

D. Restore the ground to its natural or intended condition and provide permanent erosion control measures.

END OF SECTION 31 1003

31 1004 WATERING FOR DUST CONTROL

1.1 DESCRIPTION

A. This work consists of furnishing and applying water for the control of dust caused by the work and public travel.

PART 2 – PRODUCTS

2.1 Material

A. Conform to FP-14 Subsection 725.01(c) Water.

PART 3 – EXECUTION

3.1 General

A. Provide an adequate water supply and apply water uniformly across the traveled way as necessary to control dust. Uniformly apply water using pressure-type distributors, pipelines equipped with spray systems, or hoses with nozzles.

3.2 Project Dust Control for Public Benefit

A. Control dust within the construction limits as necessary including nights, weekends, and periods of non-work when the project is open to public traffic. When the project is not open to public traffic, control dust in areas of the project that have adjacent residences or businesses. Control dust on approved, active detours established for the project. Apply water at the locations, rates, and frequencies as ordered.

3.3 Other Dust Control

A. Control dust in staging areas.

END OF SECTION 31 1004

31 1005 ROCK BLASTING

1.1 Description

A. This work consists of rock fragmentation blasting using production and controlled blasting techniques to construct engineered rock cuts.

1.2 Definitions

A. Production blasting. Blasting using widely spaced blast holes that typically contain larger explosive charges to expedite movement and fragmentation for rock removal.

B. Controlled blasting. Blasting that includes presplit blasting and cushion blasting hole techniques. Controlled blasting uses closely-spaced and carefully aligned blast holes that typically contain lighter charges than production holes to produce stable, aesthetically pleasing rock faces with minimal blast damage. Controlled blast holes are the first row of blast holes, normally located within 24 inches of the top of the staked slope.

1. Presplit blasting. Presplit blasting detonates closely spaced backslope holes before drilling for production blasting or before detonating the production blasting holes to produce a highly controlled, smooth cut face.

2. Cushion blasting. Cushion blasting is similar to presplitting, except that the detonation of the cushion holes along the backslope is detonated immediately after the detonation of the production and buffer holes, generally resulting in a more natural cut face appearance.

1.3 Regulations.

A. Comply with Federal, state, and local regulations for the purchase, transportation, storage, and use of explosive material. Federal regulations include the following:

B. Safety and Health.

1. OSHA, 29 CFR Part 1926, Subpart U.

C. Storage, security, and accountability.

1. Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms (BATF), 27 CFR Part 555, Commerce in Explosives.

D. Shipment.

1. DOT, 49 CFR Parts 171-179, 390-397.

E. Forest Service.

1. For projects in National Forest Service lands, comply with Forest Service Manual (FSM) 6745, Explosives and Blasting Materials.

1.3 Qualifications

Submit the following for approval at least 14 days before drilling and blast operations begin:

A. Blaster-in-charge. Furnish an individual who can directly supervise the drilling and blasting crew during drilling, loading, and detonation of charges. Include the following:

1. Name of blaster-in-charge;

2. A résumé showing at least 5 years’ experience as a blaster-in-charge on projects with similar work;

3. Copy of a valid blaster license accepted by the state where the project is located for the type of blasting required; and

4. Five references with knowledge of qualifications and reliability. Include name, relationship, and current telephone number for each reference.

D. Blasting crew personnel. Names of personnel and evidence they have completed at least 24 hours of blasting safety training in the last 5 years or have at least 2 years of blasting experience.

C. Drillers. Names and evidence they are proficient in drilling methods required to perform the work.

E. Vibration specialist. Name and résumé showing at least 5 years’ experience as a vibration specialist on projects with similar work.

1.4 Blasting Plans

A. Submit proof of applicable permits, licenses, and a general blasting plan signed by the blaster-in-charge at least 14 days before drilling and blasting operations. Blasting plans are not required for boulder reduction blasts (mudcapping or blockholing).

C. General blasting plan.

Submit a general blasting plan for review and approval by the CO. Include the following:

1. Procedures and safety precautions for transporting, handling, storing, loading, and detonating explosives, conducting pre- and post-blast surveys, monitoring blasts, managing misfires, and removing and disposing of excess explosives.

2. Explosives transportation and storage plan, including:

a. Name, address, and telephone number of explosives suppliers;

b. Description and license number of explosives transport vehicles, routes to be traveled, proposed hours of travel, and driver qualifications;

c. Magazine and day-box locations;

d. Explosives and accessories inventory system; and

e. Contact information for the person responsible for security of project blasting material and supplies.

3. Area security plan including explosives and general site security, methods of site communication, pre- and post-blast signage and audible signaling systems, road closure requirements, and pre-blast notification for affected agencies or entities.

4. Manufacturer’s MSDS and product data sheets for proposed explosives, primers, initiators, and related blasting devices and accessories.

5. Excavation plans and equipment lists for pre-blast scaling and pioneered access roads, and benches for drilling and blasting operations.

6. Typical plan and section views for both production and controlled blasting, including stationing intended for each typical plan, maximum blast length, free face, burden, hole spacing, hole inclination, hole depth, hole diameter, stemming depth, subdrill depth, powder factor, charge per delay, initiation method and sequence, and delay times.

7. Methods for limiting dust and noise.

8. Contingency plan for blast flyrock containment, including the names and qualifications of those responsible for preparing containment system designs.

9. Fire watch plan including number of post-blast observers and duration of the fire watch.

Do not deliver explosives to the project until the general blasting plan is accepted.

Submit revisions and updates within 48 hours of changes in the above information.

D. Site-specific blasting plans and general plan revisions and updates Submit site-specific blasting plans after approval of the general blasting plan or at times there is a change in drilling and blasting methods provided in the general blasting plan.

Allow 3 days for approval. Do not begin drilling until the plan is approved. Include the following:

1. Proposed excavation sequence;

2. Station limits and plan view of the proposed blast, showing how the proposed blast fits into the lift excavation sequence;

3. Elevations of the tops and bottoms of each lift;

4. Scaled drawings for each blast showing access, containment, plan and section views of drill patterns, clearing limits, free face, burden, blast hole locations, blast hole spacing, subdrill depths, lift height, blast hole diameters, and blast hole angles;

5. Loading diagram for each blast showing powder factor, charge per delay, type and quantity of explosives, primers, initiators, locations of decking, and range of stemming depths for substantial variations within the drill pattern;

6. Initiation method and sequence of blast holes for each blast. Include delay times, delay system, and down hole firing times;

7. Flyrock control measures;

8. Estimated volume of in-place rock to be blasted. Include the total length of production and controlled blast hole;

9. Location and orientation of significant joints, fractures, faulting, bedding planes or other rock mass structural features to be accounted for in the site-specific blasting plan; and

10. Post-blast rockfall containment designs and procedures.

2.1 Conform to regulations referenced in this Section.

PART 3 – EXECUTION

3.1 Pre-Blast Condition Survey and Vibration Monitoring and Control

The Contractor is responsible for damage resulting from blast related ground vibrations and air-blast over-pressures. Determine the need for vibration monitoring depending on soil and rock conditions, blasting parameters as outlined in the blasting plan, and proximity of buildings, structures, utilities, and sensitive natural features that may be subject to damage from ground vibrations or air-blasts. Limit blasting induced vibrations in saturated soils or on steep slopes as designated or as directed by the CO. Notify the owners of nearby utilities at least 24 hours before blasting. If vibration monitoring is required conform to the following requirements:

A. If not specified in the contract, establish referenceable blasting criteria for buildings, structures, utilities and natural features that conform to federal, state, or local regulations. Present blasting criteria in terms of distance of the facility or feature from blasting, maximum allowable peak particle velocity limits versus structure type, maximum allowable peak particle velocity versus peak frequency, and air over-pressure structure damage limits.

B. Conduct a pre-blast condition survey of nearby buildings, structures, utilities, and natural features potentially damaged by blasting-related ground vibrations or air-blast.

Document the natural frequency of each affected structure or feature. Use a survey method acceptable to the Contractor’s insurance company. Submit a copy of pre-blast condition survey records with the site-specific blasting plans for CO review.

C. Control ground vibrations and air-blast over-pressures with properly designed delay sequences and maximum allowable charge weights per delay. Verify allowable charge weights per delay by conducting representative trial blasts and measuring ground vibrations and air-blast over-pressure levels. Conduct test blasts with blast plan modifications that limit ground vibrations and air-blast over-pressures to levels that will not cause damage to nearby buildings, structures, utilities and natural features as determined by the vibration specialist.

D. When ground vibration or air-blast damage is possible, monitor each blast with digital recording seismographs and air-blast monitoring equipment calibrated within the last year and approved by the CO. Locate monitoring equipment as directed by the vibration specialist. Place at least three recording stations between the blast area and closest susceptible structures, utilities, or natural features. Place at least one station on the structure. For ground vibration monitoring, use seismographs capable of recording particle velocity, displacement and acceleration for three mutually perpendicular components of vibration. Use a seismograph with a lower linear response limit over the response frequency range of not more than 2 hertz and upper limit not less than 50 hertz. Use sensors having lower thresholds not higher than 0.005 inches, 0.05 inches per second, and 0.02g. Use seismographs capable of producing a permanent digital time history file for each ground motion episode.

Ensure blasting operations incorporate collected data and findings from vibration monitoring by having the vibration specialist interpret seismograph and air-blast records

3.2 Test Blasting

A. Before beginning full-scale drilling and blasting, demonstrate adequacy of the site specific blasting plan by drilling, blasting, and excavating a test blast of up to 100 cubic yards (75 cubic meters) with proposed containment measures in-place. Conduct the test at an approved location within the planned excavation area.

B. A test blast is unacceptable when it results in oversized fragmentation, excessive or uncontrolled flyrock, potentially damaging ground vibrations or air-blasts, unplanned overbreak, excessive damage to the final rock face, or unwanted overhangs. When a test blast is unacceptable, revise the site-specific blasting plan and conduct an additional test blasts until the combination of blast hole pattern spacing, controlled blast hole alignment, and charges produce acceptable results.

C. Test blast at all new sources, when rock type changes, and when blast layout changes due to slope or other changes.

3.3 Blasting

A. Use explosives and initiating devices less than 1-year old.

B. Locate explosives magazines at sites approved by the CO.

C. Inspect the pre-blast area and submit the proposed extent of pre-blast clearing and scaling for approval.

D. Use angle- or fan-drilled holes as needed during initial pioneering operations to obtain the desired face. Controlled blasting requirements are applicable to pioneering work.

E. Record and maintain a log of each blast hole drilled identifying the depth, color, and character of the cuttings, penetration rate, hole collar location and hole orientation, and other pertinent information. Before initiating the blast, prepare a blast plan map and submit it showing designated hole numbers along with individual hole logs completed, dated and signed by the driller.

F. Ensure blast holes are free of obstructions for the entire depth before placing charges.

Take necessary precautions when placing charges so, caving of material from the walls of the holes and the hole collar will not occur.

G. Mitigate uncontrolled gas pressure loss during blasting and excessive blast noise by stemming the upper portion of blast holes with appropriate dry granular material passing the ½-inch (12.5-millimeter) sieve. Do not stem holes with drill cuttings.

H. Blast according to the approved site-specific blasting plan. Use blasting mats, rockfall containment systems, and other protective devices to prevent damage to surrounding features.

I. Stop drilling and blasting operations, and submit a revised site-specific blasting plan according to FP-14 Subsection 205.05(b), when the following occur.

1. Slopes are unstable;

2. Slopes exceed overbreak tolerances;

3. Unwanted overhangs, ridges, or ledges are created;

4. Excessive blast damage occurs;

5. Poor fragmentation results in oversize material requiring secondary blasting and rehandling;

6. Safety of the public is jeopardized;

7. Property or natural features are endangered;

8. Excessive or uncontrolled flyrock is generated;

9. Excessive ground vibration or air-blast over-pressures occurs where damage to buildings, structures, utilities or natural features is possible;

10. Desired slope or rock face conditions are not produced;

11. Precipitation exceeds 1 inch in any 24 hour period;

12. Precipitation exceeds 3 inches in any 96 hour period;

13. Precipitation exceeds 4 inches in any 144 hour period; or

14. A landslide occurs within 300 feet of a blast site under any precipitation conditions.

J. Remove or stabilize cut face rock that is loose, hanging, or potentially dangerous after each blast. Scale by methods approved by the CO. Leave minor irregularities or surface variations in place if they do not create a hazard. Excavate and remove material outside of the planned neat line slopes which is unstable and constitutes a potential hazard. Do not drill the next lift until slope stabilization and blast cleanup work is complete.

3.4 Production Blasting

A. When conducting cushion blasting or presplitting, drill a lighter-loaded buffer row of production holes on a parallel plane adjacent to the controlled blast line to minimize blast damage to the final slope

B. Drill production blast holes a maximum of 4 inches (100 millimeters) in diameter to a sufficient depth such that unbroken rock does not extend above the finish surface. Drill production blast holes to the design depth. If more than 5 percent of the production blast holes in a lift do not conform to the design depth requirements, redrill the shallow holes to the proper. Except when subdrilling, do not drill production blast holes, below the base plane of the controlled blast holes.

C. Drill production blast holes within two drill hole diameters of the planned collar location. If more than 5 percent of the drill hole collars in a lift are out of tolerance, fill each hole outside of the location tolerance with crushed stone and redrill at the proper.

D. Detonate production holes in a controlled delay sequence.

3.5 Controlled Blasting

A. Use angled or fan drilled holes for pioneering the tops of rock cuts and preparing working platforms. Use equipment or methods approved by the CO for areas not accessible to track drill equipment.

B. Before drilling, completely remove overburden, soil, and loose or decomposed rock along the top of the excavation for a distance of at least 30 feet (9 meters) beyond the end of the production hole drilling limits, or to the end of the cut.

C. Use controlled blasting to form the final cut face on rock cuts where the staked slope ratio is 1⅓V:1H or steeper and the slope height is more than 10 feet (3 meters) above the ditch grade.

D. Use drilling equipment that accurately controls the angle the drill as it enters the rock.

Select a lift height and conduct drilling operations so the blast hole spacing and down-hole alignment does not vary more than 8 inches (200 millimeters) from the proposed spacing and alignment. If more than 5 percent of the holes exceed the variance, reduce the lift height and modify drilling operations until the holes are within tolerance.

E. Drill holes a maximum of 3 inches (75 millimeters) in diameter and within 3 inches (75 millimeters) of the staked collar location. Fill and redrill blast holes outside of the location tolerance when more than 5 percent of the hole collars in a lift are outside of the location tolerance Use crushed stone to fill the blast holes before redrilling. Drill the controlled blast hole line at least 30 feet (9 meters) beyond loaded production holes or to the end of the cut.

F. Do not exceed 30 feet (9 meters) for bench height or drill hole length. Limit subdrilling of holes to one-half of the hole spacing or 24 inches (600 millimeters) whichever is deeper.

G. Offset lifts up to 24 inches (600 millimeters) horizontally to allow for drill equipment clearance. Remove benches resulting from the drilling offset.

H. Compensate for drift that may occur in the upper lifts. Adjust the drill inclination angle or the initial drill collar location to obtain the required typical section. Limit drilling to one-half of the hole spacing or 24 inches (600 millimeters) whichever is deeper.

I. Do not use bulk ammonium nitrate and fuel oil for controlled blasting. Only standard explosives manufactured specifically for controlled blasting will be used in controlled blast holes, unless approved by the CO.

J. Maximum diameter of explosives used in controlled blast holes will be no greater than one-half the diameter of the presplit hole.

1. Presplitting. Do not presplit final slopes and rock faces. When presplitting is allowed in the plans, either presplit along the slope face before drilling for production blasting or presplit the slope face in conjunction with production blasting.

2. Cushion blasting. Perform cushion blasting to produce rough, natural looking rock slopes. Use the existing geologic structure to create rock surfaces, terraces, and ridges that blend with adjacent undisturbed rock faces. Preserve existing rock outcrops to the extent practical to vary the cut face slope, composition, color, and texture.

3. Horizontal blasting. With CO approval only, use horizontal drill holes instead of or in conjunction with vertical cushion blasting drill holes to produce natural looking rock slopes, mitigate drill hole traces, assist pioneering access for drill bench excavation, or to excavate sliver rock cuts where vertical drilling is not feasible.

K. When required, preserve or create soil pockets and ledges for revegetation. Locate, size, and shape these features to replicate the vegetated areas on the undisturbed rock faces. Incorporate these features into the site-specific blasting plans. Do not create features by overshooting or selectively removing damaged rock.

3.6 Reporting

A. Post-blast

1. Prepare a post-blast report for blasts. Submit the report within 3 days following a blast and before drilling for the next blast. Include the following:

a. Results of the blast (overbreak, blast damage, noise levels, flyrock, drill trace retention, fragmentation, material containment, material rehandling requirements, and misfires)

b. Submit proposed changes for future site-specific blasting plans that will produce acceptable results if blasting objectives were not met;

c. Submit proposed repairs or stabilization plans for unstable or blast damaged backslopes;

d. A detailed blasting plan amended to show significant changes in pattern, loading, or timing;

e. Drilling logs for each hole completed (dated and signed by the driller) that identify the depth, color, and character of the cuttings. Also include the penetration rate, hole collar location, hole orientation, and conditions that adversely affected drilling or explosives loading operations;

f. Depth measurements of production and controlled blast holes;

g. A drawing or sketch showing the direction of blast, the face, or faces, hole numbers, and the physical blast layout;

h. Measurement of overbreak quantities following lift mucking;

i. Date and time of loading and detonating the blast; and

j. Name and signature of the blaster-in-charge.

B. Vibration and air-blast reporting

1. Submit a vibration and air-blast report within 3 days of a blast for review by the CO.

Do not drill until directed by the CO. Include the following:

a. Type of vibration or air-blast recording station used and instrument identification numbers;

b. Name of vibration specialist observing the blast and interpreting vibration and air blast data;

c. Blast identification number and location of blast;

d. Distance and direction of ground vibration and air-blast over-pressure recording stations from the blast area;

e. Type of material ground vibration recording stations were sitting on at the time of the blast;

f. Maximum applicable charge weight per delay;

g. Peak displacement, particle velocity and frequency recorded at each ground vibration sensor location;

h. Peak over-pressure recorded at each air-blast sensor location;

i. Dated and signed copy of all instrument records;

j. Post-blast condition survey noting changes from the pre-blast survey; and

k. Comments on success of the blast in terms of adherence to established ground vibration or air- blast criteria and management practices.

2. When failing to meet ground vibration and air-blast criteria and management objectives, submit proposed changes to future site-specific blasting plans that will produce acceptable results

C. Close-out

1. Submit a written statement signed by the blaster-in-charge certifying:

a. Blastholes loaded with explosive material have been either detonated or unloaded and disposed of properly; and

b. Blasting is complete and explosive material has been removed from the project site.

3.7 Acceptance

A. Material for rock blasting will be evaluated under FP-14 Subsections 106.02 and 106.03.

B. Rock blasting will be evaluated under FP-14 Subsections 106.02 and 106.04.

END OF SECTION 31 1005

Division 32 Exterior Improvements

32 1217 ASPHALT CONCRETE

1.1 Description

A. This work consists of constructing asphalt concrete pavement using a hot or warm mix asphalt (HMA or WMA).

B. Asphalt concrete type is designated as Type I or Type II according to 32 1217 Part 2.

PART 2 – PRODUCTS

2.1 Composition of Mix (JMF)

A. Conform to current state department of transportation material specifications for asphalt concrete.

B. Submit the strength, quality, and gradation specifications for the asphalt concrete mix.

Include copies of laboratory test reports that demonstrate aggregate, asphalt binder, additive, and mix properties meet Federal, state or local government agency specifications.

C. For both Type I and Type II, submit the maximum specific gravity (density) of the mix as determined by AASHTO T 209.

D. Type I

1. Submit a state department of transportation JMF approved within the past 12 months for approval at least 30 days before production. For each proposed JMF, submit a production certification conforming to state department of transportation specifications and conforming to design parameter (a), (b), or (c) for the type of mix submitted and conforming to design parameter (d) in Table 5.

Table 5 Asphalt Concrete Mix Requirements

Design Parameters Specification

(a) Volumetric hot asphalt concrete pavement (AASHTO M 323, AASHTO R 35, and AASHTO T 312) Gyratory compaction level Volumetric properties at 0.3 to 3 million ESAL’s (AASHTO M 323)

7, 75, 115 See Table 401-1

(b) Hveem (AASHTO T 246 and AASHTO T 247) Stabilometer, minimum Percent air voids (1)

3.0 – 5.0

(c) Marshall (AASHTO T 245) Stability, pounds (kilonewtons), minimum Flow, 0.01 inches (0.25 millimeters)

2000 (8.9) 8 – 14

Percent air voids (1) Compaction, number of blows each end of test specimen

3.0 – 5.0

(d) Moisture susceptibility (AASHTO T 283) Tensile strength ratio, minimum

0.80

(1) The percent of air voids are based on AASHTO T 166, AASHTO T 209 and AASHTO T 269.

E. Type II

1. Provide a mix composed of crushed stone or gravel and asphalt binder mixed in an approved plant. Use an aggregate gradation and asphalt binder of a quality conforming to those normally used locally by either Federal or state agencies for the type of work being constructed.

PART 3 – EXECUTION

3.1 Production Start-Up Procedures

A. See FP-14 Subsection 153.04(b).

3.2 Mixing Plant

A. See FP-14 Subsection 401.04.

3.3 Surface Preparation

A. See FP-14 Subsection 401.06.

3.4 Weather Limitations

A. See FP-14 Subsection 401.07.

3.5 Hauling

A. See FP-14 Subsection 401.11.

3.6 Placing and Finishing

A. Do not use mixes produced from different plants unless the mixes are produced according to the same JMF, use material from the same sources, and are approved.

B. Place HMA at a temperature conforming to FP-14 Table 401-2. Place WMA at temperatures conforming to FP-14 Subsection 401.03. Measure temperature of the asphalt concrete mix in the hauling vehicle just before dumping into the spreader or measure it in the windrow immediately before pickup.

C. Asphalt concrete for roadway construction.

1. Place the mix with a paver conforming to FP-14 Subsection 401.05.

2. Control horizontal alignment using a reference line.

3. Automatically control the grade and slope from reference lines, a ski and slope control device, or dual skis. Use skis having a minimum length of 20 feet.

4. In areas where mechanical spreading and finishing is impractical; place and finish the asphalt concrete mix according to Subsection 32 1217 3.6 D.

5. Offset the longitudinal joint according to FP-14 Subsection 401.13.

D. Asphalt concrete for non-roadway uses.

1. Spread and finish each course by hand raking, screeding, or by other approved methods.

3.7 Compacting

A. Thoroughly and uniformly compact the asphalt surface by rolling. In places inaccessible to rollers, use alternate equipment approved by the CO. Do not cause cracking, shoving or undue displacement.

B. Monitor the compaction process with nuclear density gauges calibrate according to the ASTM D2950 calibration section within 6 months before use. Check the standard and reference on each day of use according to the ASTM D2950 standardization and reference check sections. Compact to at least 91.0 percent of the maximum specific gravity (density) determined in Subsection 32 1217 2.1.

C. Continue compaction until surface marks are eliminated and cracks are sealed.

3.8 Joints, Trimming Edges, and Cleanup

A. See FP-14 Subsection 401.15.

3.9 Pavement Straightedge Measurement

A. Measure the pavement surface using a 10-foot metal straightedge at right angles and parallel to the centerline.

B. Defective areas are deviations between the surface and the bottom of the straightedge in excess of ¼ inches measured between two contacts of the straightedge or deviations in excess of ¼ inches measured at the end of the straightedge.

C. Correct defective areas according to FP-14 Subsection 401.16(g)(1) through (4). Obtain approval for the method of correction.

3.10 Acceptance

A. See Table 2 for sampling, testing, and acceptance requirements.

B. Asphalt concrete mix properties will be evaluated under FP-14 Subsection 106.04.

C. Asphalt binder will be evaluated under FP-14 Subsection 106.03.

D. Construction of asphalt concrete work will be evaluated under FP-14 Subsections

106.02 and 106.04.

E. Pavement straightedge measurement will be evaluated under FP-14 Subsection 106.04.

END OF SECTION 32 1217