PWS_PFD_Mobility_Analysis-FINAL_DRAFT.pdf

PERFORMANCE WORK STATEMENT

[Mobility Modeling and Analysis Support]

7 February 2017

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1. BACKGROUND: The Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD) Cost Assessment and Program Evaluation’s (CAPE) Projection Forces Division (PFD) is responsible for conducting deployment and logistical analyses to support policy, weapons system, force structure and readiness programmatic decisions. The assessments span the range of military operations from major conventional or unconventional warfights to humanitarian support and defense support to civil authorities. This support requires a wide range of analytic capabilities ranging from mathematics and statistics to specific mobility/logistical modeling and expertise. It further requires subject matter experts to evaluate power projection capabilities across the spectrum of conflict. These assessments provide OSD senior leadership analytic insights critical to their decisions for right-sizing mobility forces to the defense strategy. These efforts require working in a joint collaborative environment with the Joint Staff, the Services, Regional Combatant Commands, and other U.S. government agencies.

1.1.1. OSD CAPE PFD is responsible for providing a Logistics Feasibility and Force Flow (LF3) analysis for each Defense Planning Scenario as part of the Support for Strategic Analysis (SSA) process. The LF3 identifies a feasible force flow for the scenario provided and provides insights on the limitations and constraints therein. This contract provides for the analytic capabilities required to meet the requirements of the LF3 analysis and other efforts as directed by Director, Cost Assessment and Program Evaluation.

1.1.2. Expertise is required in several technical areas. Specifically, expertise is needed to operate a suite of mobility and logistics models and provide the requisite subject matter expertise to setup, run and interpret the output of these models. This requires the development of data, methods, and domain knowledge to quickly address issues within the mobility/logistical domains of air, land, maritime, as well as prepositioned assets and in-place forces. Expertise in military operations and deployments across the major domains of air, land, sea, in-place forces and prepositioned assets is essential.

1.1.3. PFD uses a variety of mathematical and computer-based modeling and simulation applications. Currently, mobility analyses rely on the Analysis of Mobility Platform (AMP) federation of models to include the Model for Inter-theater Deployment by Air and Sea (MIDAS) and the Enhanced Logistics Intra-theater Support Tool (ELIST) model.

Additional models employed under this project include Air Refueling Model (ARM), Integrated Computerized Deployment System (ICODES), and the Airlift Loading Model (ALM). This analytic support contract provides a modeling support as required to the

PFD.

1.1.4. PFD may acquire and or be required to develop other analytic tools or models when appropriate to support ad hoc studies or to enhance analytic capabilities in support of SecDec-directed studies. This analytic support contract provides the manpower to operate and in some cases develop these tools as may be necessary.

1.1.5. The analysis requires access and detailed understanding of numerous databases to include the Global Decision Support System (GDSS), Future Forces Database (FFDB), Airfield

Suitability Restrictions Report (ASRR), World Port index, Automated Air Facilities Intelligence File (AAFIF), Type Unit Characteristics data (TUCHA), Logistics Factors File (LFF), Reliability and Maintainability Information System (REMIS), and Time Phased Force Deployment Data (TPFDD). Fulfillment of the contract tasks requires data mining and related assessments leveraging these databases. The ability to compare and contrast historical “real world” data to modeling and simulation results of future scenarios or current programming data is essential.

1.1.6. Other supporting models and analyses tools, such as Excel, General Algebraic Modeling System (GAMS), Mathematica, Mathcad, ACCESS, Oracle, and Fox Pro are used as necessary to support analyses. The contractor shall assist the PFD, as needed, to operate these and other tools and assist with the preparation of briefings and reports of model outputs and analytic results. The contractor shall provide analysts with sufficient breadth and depth of experience to conduct a variety of analyses using robust analytic techniques, including: optimization, statistics, and simulation.

1.1.7. Historically this contract has provided expertise to support numerous ad hoc analyses for SecDef-directed studies. This contract will support a multitude of analyses as directed by the SecDef, DepSecDef, or other senior officials.

1.1.8. Prior military experience is valued to ensure robust and realistic analysis and assessments of weapon systems and force structure performance in the course of the studies.

1.1.9. The Contracting Officers Representative, assisted by the Task Order Monitor, may require contractor personnel to travel to operational sites. Travel will be included but is not limited to gathering or updating of informational data, and performing analytical support, reviewing analysis, obtaining refresher training on models, attending user group meetings, and other activities that support the PFD mission.

1.2. OBJECTIVES: The contractor shall provide on-site mobility modeling, data processing/archiving, analytic support and subject matter expertise to PFD and other divisions within CAPE.

1.3. SCOPE: This task is expected to require a minimum of four Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) with subject matter expertise spanning the range of military operations and across the logistics domains of air mobility, sealift, surface transportation, prepositioning, and forward stationed and rotational forces from all services. The task is for one year with 2 option years.

2. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

This section describes the general requirements for this effort. The following sub-sections provide details of various considerations.

2.1. NON-PERSONAL SERVICES: The services and performance required under this contract are determined to be not inherently governmental. The contractor shall not perform or give the appearance of performing inherently governmental functions as described in FAR Part 2 and Subpart 7.5, and all applicable DoD policy. The Government shall neither supervise contractor employees nor control the method by which the contractor performs the required tasks. All contractor personnel shall identify themselves as contracted support personnel in all forms of communication with all entities with whom OSD CAPE has business dealings. It shall be the responsibility of the contractor to manage its employees and to guard against any actions that are of the nature of personal services, or give the perception of personal services. If the contractor believes that any actions constitute, or are perceived to constitute personal services, it shall be the contractor's responsibility to notify the Contracting Officer immediately.

2.2. BUSINESS RELATIONS: The contractor shall successfully integrate and coordinate all activity needed to execute the requirements specified herein. The contractor shall manage the timeliness, completeness, and quality of the contract deliverables. The contractor shall provide corrective action plans, proposal submittals, timely identification of issues, and effective management of all contractor personnel (including subcontractors). The contractor shall seek to ensure customer satisfaction and professional and ethical behavior of all contractor personnel.

2.3. CONTRACT MANAGEMENT: The contractor shall establish clear organizational lines of authority and responsibility to ensure effective management of the resources assigned to this requirement. The contractor must maintain continuity between the support operations at the Pentagon and the contractor's corporate offices. The contractor shall establish processes and assign appropriate resources to effectively administer this contract. The contractor shall respond to Government requests for contractual actions in a timely fashion. The contractor shall have a single point of contact between the Government and Contractor personnel assigned to support this contract. The contractor shall assign work effort and maintaining proper and accurate time keeping records of personnel assigned to work on this requirement.

2.4. SUBCONTRACT MANAGEMENT: The contractor shall be responsible for any subcontract management necessary to integrate work performed on this requirement and shall be responsible and accountable for subcontractor performance on this requirement. The prime contractor will manage work distribution to ensure there are no Organizational Conflict of Interest (OCI) considerations. Contractors may add subcontractors to their team after notification to the Contracting Officer or Contracting Officer Representative (COR).

2.5. CONTRACTOR PERSONNEL, DISCIPLINES, AND SPECIALTIES: An integral part of successful performance under this contract is not only the production of quality products described in Section 3.0, but the responsiveness of contractor personnel in the day-to-day output of work products. While the end product or deliverable is vital to successful performance, day-to-day oversight also includes client interaction and responsiveness.

Accordingly, the contractor is required to proactively maintain assigned tasks, and be responsive to all entities with professional business dealings related to the assigned tasks. The work to be performed herein is considered bona fide professional labor and is exempt from the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA).

2.6. TRAINING: The Contractor shall provide training, as necessary, for their own personnel to ensure that analysts are trained on the common suite of media analysis tools and Microsoft Office tools (e.g., Word, Excel, Powerpoint). The Contractor shall also ensure that all of its employees have been properly trained and are qualified to perform assigned tasks under this PWS. The Government will provide or coordinate training on any new Government-provided equipment or Government-directed training (e.g., Information Assurance). If such training requires travel on the part of contractor employees, local travel costs (i.e., Metro) will be borne by the contract personnel.

2.7. TRAVEL: All travel within 50 miles of the National Capital Region is included in the price of this contract.. When movement of contractor personnel is required locally (i.e., Metro) costs will be borne by the contractor. The Government will reimburse the contractor for all other travel outside the 50 mile limitation providing the contractor submits a written travel/ODC request at least 5 business days prior and obtains approval by the Task Monitor and Contracting Officer’s Representative for reasonable travel and/or ODC related expenses. Travel and ODC expenses shall be on a cost reimbursement basis to the contract against the Government specified not-to-exceed amount.

2.8. LOCATION: Work will be performed at the Pentagon, Arlington, VA; Mark Center, Alexandria, VA; or other government sites within the National Capital Region. Performance of the tasks in this PWS may be accomplished via approved telework agreements. In the event of a local or national emergency, operations may be moved to another government facility or additional telework may be authorized. Contractor personnel must obtain and maintain a Common Access Card (CAC) to access to all IT systems prior to conducting work on this contract. Contractor personnel must also read and familiarize themselves with all organizational mission statements and charters, organizational structures, operating instructions, Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) and policy.

2.9. HOURS OF WORK: Normal workdays are Monday through Friday except US Federal Holidays. Workers typically work eight (8) hours per day, 40 hours per week with exceptions determined by Congressional mandates and/or senior DoD leadership data and study requests with short turn timelines Core hours of work are from 0900 to 1500 daily. All employees are expected to be available during core hours.

Contractor personnel are not customarily expected to work on holidays, but holiday work is possible, subject to advance scheduling with the contractor. Recognized Federal holidays are as follows:

New Year’s Day Labor Day Martin Luther King Jr.’s Birthday Columbus Day President’s Day Veteran’s Day Memorial day Thanksgiving Day Independence Day Christmas Day

The amounts in schedule of the contract include an allowance for holidays to be observed. The government will not be billed for such holidays, except when services are required by the government and are actually performed on a holiday.

When the government grants administrative leave to government employees, or is closed as a result of inclement weather, potentially hazardous conditions, or other special circumstances, contractor personnel working at the specific facility/location may also be dismissed at the discretion of the Contracting Officer to the extent that the overall performance is not adversely impacted. The contractor shall at all times maintain an adequate workforce for the uninterrupted performance of all tasks defined within this PWS when the government facility is not closed for the above reasons.

The contractor shall provide the COR a current schedule for its entire staff assigned to the contract, including planned leave. The contractor shall assign alternates to cover assignments of any of its staff that are absent sufficient to ensure that the services are not disrupted.

3. PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS

The following section specifies the Performance Objectives and Performance Elements for the contract.

3.1. TASK 1 – The contractor shall assist the CAPE staff in preparing and analyzing data output and developing information/decisional briefings for Senior Leadership. The reports will include, but not be limited to comparative graphs of model runs and the preparation of statistics on major areas of interest such as major unit or fighter wing closures. The analytical support shall include preparing supporting documents and data for the preparation of Power Point or other presentations and drafting of detailed reports as required by CAPE.

3.2. TASK 2 – The contractor shall provide analytic expertise addressing tactical and strategic force deployment and sustainment to support the development of the LF3 and associated Log CONOPS for each Defense Planning Scenario.

3.2.1. SUB-TASK 1 – The contractor shall integrate force flow demands received from all Services in varied formats into a comprehensive Time Phase Force Deployment Data (TPFDD), instantiate the demands in the AMP model and provide initial force flow for future analytical efforts.

3.2.2. SUB-TASK 2 – The contractor shall analyze alternative Log CONOPS for various scenarios. This includes deployment into/out of locations, sustainment operations (fuel, ammunition, dry stores), base operations, and mitigation for enemy attacks.

3.3. TASK 3 – The contractor shall provide force structure analyses of DoD’s aerial refueling (AR) fleet (KC-10, KC-135, KC-46, KC-130). This includes analyzing operations in an access denial scenario, AR at a distance, tanker-2-tanker aerial refueling operations and alternative methods to satisfy a specified Air Tasking Order (ATO).

3.4. TASK 4 – The contractor shall support sortie generation analyses for all DoD fixed wing aircraft in support of various OSD CAPE efforts as needed.

3.5. TASK 5 – The contractor shall be capable of leading a major Departmental mobility study such as the previous Mobility Capabilities Assessment (MCA). When directed, the contractor shall coordinate the collection of feeder data, AMP model setup, and distribution of model outputs with DoD agencies to include USTRANSCOM, Joint Staff, services, and other agencies identified by the COR as provided by the TM. The contractor must be able to conduct detailed sensitivity analyses of transportation assets (ships, aircraft, trucks, railcars, etc.), infrastructure (airport MOG, nodal throughput, seaport berths, etc.), sustainment sourcing on various metrics (force closure, days of supply, asset utilization, etc.). The contractor must have extensive knowledge of the AMP model to discern when model output is the result of parametric changes and when it is an artifact of decision logic/code errors.

3.6. TASK 6 – The contractor shall provide visualization support for ongoing efforts. Contractor must be able to collect and manipulate data to create map-based pictorial displays using ArcGIS to assist in illustrating specific metrics of an analysis.

3.7. TASK 7 – Additional tasks may be levied upon the contractor to support surge requirements or model development work in support of ongoing analytic efforts within CAPE. These surge tasks may require additional resources to the extent that the level of work exceeds four FTEs. Any such surge taskings shall be in addition to the base contract and require COR and Contracting Officer approval.

4. SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS

This section describes the special requirements for this effort. The following sub-sections provide details of various considerations on this effort.

4.1. KEY PERSONNEL

4.1.1. The Contractor shall provide qualified personnel for the four (4) key positions under this contract. The key positions are the Program Manager (PM), which is also the Lead Senior Analyst in Air Force and Army Logistics and Data management, and three (3) Senior Analysts. The Contractor shall ensure that the PM possesses the skills, military knowledge, training, and certification(s) required to satisfactorily perform all services required by the contract.

4.1.2. The PM/Lead Senior Analyst must have a minimum of ten (10) years of executive-level management experience, leading multi-disciplined teams of research analysts and various operational departments. The PM/Lead Senior Analyst must have a minimum of ten (10) years of senior level organizational project management experience, including requirement gathering, design, implementation, and ongoing program management. The PM/Lead Senior Analyst must have led a major mobility study or equivalent at the CCDR, Joint Staff, or OSD level, must hold a MS in Operations Research or equivalent plus ten years’ experience in addition to at least 10-years' experience running AMP.

4.1.3. The Senior Analysts’ qualifications are as follows: Must have BS in Operations

Research/Mathematics/Computer Science and 10-years’ experience in military logistics and/or transportation. Masters degree is preferred. At least two senior analysts must have 10-years' experience with the AMP model, to include participation in a major mobility study at the CCDR, Joint Staff, or OSD level. At least one must have experience running Supply Chain Guru. At least one member must be able to manipulate and query large databases using various computer languages as needed to organize and customize data for analysis. At least one member must have extensive knowledge and experience using graphic depiction software (e.g. ARCGIS). At least one member must have extensive knowledge and completed an analysis of Aerial refueling, Amphibious operations, U.S. military ground logistics Strategic/Theater Airlift/Sealift/Prepositioning. Operational experience in any of the areas listed above is highly desired.

4.1.4. During the first 90 calendar days of performance, the Contractor shall make no substitutions of key personnel without the approval of the Contracting Officer, unless illness, death, or termination of employment necessitates the substitution. The Contractor shall notify the Contracting Officer as soon as possible after the occurrence of any of these events and provide the information required below.

4.1.5. After the initial 90 calendar day period, the Contractor may propose a substitution. The Contractor shall notify the Contracting Officer in writing of any proposed substitution at least thirty (30) days in advance of the proposed substitution. The Contractor shall provide a detailed explanation of the circumstances necessitating the proposed substitutions, complete resumes for the proposed substitutes, and any additional information requested by the Contracting Officer. The Contractor shall, prior to making any substitution permanent, demonstrate to the satisfaction of the Contracting Officer, that the qualifications of the proposed substitute personnel is equal to or better than the qualifications of the personnel originally identified for the position. The Contracting officer will notify the Contractor within 15 calendar days after receipt of all required information of the decision on proposed substitutions.

4.2. GOVERNMENT FURNISHED MATERIALS: Basic facilities such as work space and its associated operating requirements (i.e., phones, desks, utilities, information technology, consumable and general purpose office supplies) will be provided while working in Government facilities. Additionally, the tasks in this PWS require a physical presence in order to ensure successful performance. The Government will provide information, material and forms unique to the Government for supporting the task. All Government unique information related to this requirement, which is necessary for Contractor performance, will be made available to the Contractor. The COR will be the point of contact for identification of any required information to be supplied by the Government.

4.3. SECURITY: Overarching security requirements and Contractor access to classified information is specified in the basic DD Form 254. All contractor personnel with access to unclassified information systems, including e-mail, shall have at a minimum a Secret level clearance.

4.4. QUALITY CONTROL PLAN: The Contractor shall prepare and submit a Quality Control Plan (QCP) within 10 business days after contract award to the Contracting Officer. The QCP shall document how the Contractor will meet and comply with the quality standards specified in the PWS, and Quality Assurance Surveillance Plan (QASP). At a minimum, the QCP must include a self-inspection plan, an internal staffing plan, and an outline of the procedures that the Contractor will use to maintain quality, timeliness, responsiveness, customer satisfaction, and any other requirements set forth in this PWS.

4.5. DOCUMENTATION: Documents, data files, reports, correspondence, and all other documents and writings, together with any charts, graphs, tables, illustrations, photographs, images, and other illustrative, explanatory, historical documents related thereto or independent thereof, regardless of the medium (or media) by which they were produced, preserved, stored, or created in connection with or for purpose(s) of work performed under this PWS and contract, are property of the Government and shall be delivered to the COR promptly, upon request. The Contractor agrees to assume responsibility for protecting the confidentiality of Government records, which is not considered public information. Each Contractor or employee of the Contractor to whom information may be made available or disclosed shall be notified in writing by the Contractor that such information may be disclosed only for purposes and to the extent authorized herein. The Contractor shall not release any information related to this contract to the public, media or other unauthorized persons or organizations unless the government has conducted the appropriate security review and granted written approval (e.g. posting information to a public website).

4.6. TRANSITION: The Contractor shall follow its transition plan submitted as part of their proposal and keep the Government fully informed of status throughout the transition period.

Throughout the phase-in/phase-out periods, it is essential that attention be given to minimize interruptions or delays to work in progress that would impact the mission. The Contractor must plan for the transfer of work control, delineating the method for processing and assigning tasks during the phase-in/phase-out periods

4.6.1. Phase-in

The Contractor shall submit a detailed phase-in plan as part of their quote/proposal to include start-up activities that may be required to transition to full operational capability upon conclusion of the transition period.

The Contractor shall:

• Provide a detailed transition methodology in logical sequence to ensure a smooth transition of all tasks/subtasks of the contract without interruption or degradation of service levels;

• Provide a timeline for completion; and

• Identify associated risks and issues and risk mitigation strategies.

4.6.2. Phase-out

The Contractor shall provide a phase-out plan no later than sixty (60) days prior to expiration of this contract. The Contractor shall maintain complete documentation that is totally assessable to the designated Government representatives via a web portal or some other portal as the Government directs. The Contractor shall overlap with incoming Contractor during transition for a nominal period of 30 days and will work with Government personnel and the incoming contractor to transfer knowledge, information and documentation for all projects and tasks related to this contract. The type of information and documentation to be transferred includes but is not limited to:

• All data received from internal and external sources in support of the analytic efforts undertaken.

• All scripts, code, and algorithms utilized to extract data from the models and any related documentation.

• All documentation related to the models in use.

• Any model licensing that was acquired during the contract and the transfer of such licenses as may be required.

Note: All automated data files in the possession of the contractor are the property of the Government and shall be turned over to the Contracting Officer or the COR at the completion or termination of the contract. Additionally, all records related to the execution of the current contract shall be returned to the Government as electronic copies that are readable and accessible by the Government.

5. PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS SUMMARY

Requirements Performance Standards Acceptable Quality Level Method of Surveillance

Provide support personnel to meet PWS requirements

All contractor personnel possess the skills needed to perform the required tasks as specified in the

PWS.

All contractor personnel possess the needed skills within 2 weeks of processing to the CAPE office.

The Contractor's work products are suitable to support the full range of media analysis as specified in the PWS.

The contractor's personnel are qualified and adept at presenting clear, concise, factual reports free from political conclusions or any judgment of individual journalist(s). Editorial and typographical errors should be few.

COR

review/government personnel feedback

Submit a monthly status report

The Status Report accurately reflects progress, status;

proactively identifies and addresses any problems or issues encountered; and recommended resolutions are feasible and likely to succeed in resolving issues.

Report is submitted by the 10th day of every month

Reports are grammatically correct and professional in appearance

Deviation with COR or designee approval.

No more than 3 reports may be submitted by COB of the 10th day of each month

Draft documents contain minor typographical errors;

Final documents are error free

COR Review

Hours of Work/Workload Management

The contractor ensures that sufficient staff is available on-site at CAPE at all times during core business hours to support assigned requirements. The contractor shall ensure its personnel accomplish the assigned tasks within agreed upon schedules, and at an acceptable level of quality.

The Contractor ensures that sufficient staff is available during core business hours to proactively interact with clients and complete the requirements specified in the PWS. Contractor also ensures the COR is informed of developments with assigned actions.

COR

review/government personnel feedback

Services and Deliverables

The Contractor provides the full range of services required to support the requirements addressed in section 3.0 of the

PWS.

The Contractor provides competent expertise and analysis that is consistent with the quality levels specified in the PWS.

Deliverables are factual, well-written, 99% free of grammatical errors or misspellings, and free from political conclusions drawn by the analyst or any judgment of individual journalists. Writing meets college Baccalaureate degree standards for English grammar, spelling, and composition.

Deliverables are accomplished by the due date/time specified in Section 6 of the PWS.

Random review of work products by the COR no less than once a week and feedback from appropriate Government sources.

6. DELIVERABLES

Deliverables shall be submitted to the COR designated in the COR Appointment letter. All deliverables shall be submitted using Microsoft Office suite of tools (for example, MS Word, MS Excel, MS PowerPoint), or Adobe PDF format, unless otherwise specified by the COR. Electronic submission shall be made via email, unless otherwise agreed to by the COR.

The COR has the right to reject or require correction of any deficiencies found in the deliverables. In the event of a rejected deliverable, the Contractor will be notified in writing by the COR of the specific reasons for rejection.

The following table specifies the deliverables for this requirement

PWS

Reference Deliverable Title Delivery Time Frequency

3 (all) Monthly Status Report 10th calendar day of each month. Monthly

3 (all)

Quarterly Data source/ analysis accomplished / study report:

Report on (1) data sources and acquisition, (2) analysis task accomplishments, (3) completed studies

10th calendar day of last month of each quarter

Quarterly

3 (all)

Meeting/trip reports: The contractor shall submit a report for all external meetings and conferences attended, as well as trip reports for all official travel.

NLT COB the 2nd business day after return from travel.

As Needed

3 (all)

Final Summary Report. This provides a complete report required at the end of the Base Year and each Option Year.

2 weeks prior to end of period of performance.

Annually

3.1 3.2

3.2.1 3.2.2 3.3 3.4

Data and study analysis tools, as required in PFD supported analyses.

As needed by study plans and referenced in Monthly, Quarterly, and Annual reports.

As Needed

3.1 3.2

3.2.1 3.2.2 3.3 3.4

Collected data; collected and formatted as noted in supported PFD study plans.

As needed by study plans, progress reported on and monitored in Weekly, Monthly, Quarterly, and Annual reports.

As Needed

3.1 3.2

3.2.1 3.2.2 3.3 3.4

Analytic results; collected, summarized and reported as noted in study plans.

As needed by study plans, progress reported on and monitored in Weekly, Monthly, Quarterly, and Annual reports.

As Needed

3.1 3.2

3.2.1 3.2.2 3.3 3.4

Draft version of study, assessment, analysis, appraisal and evaluation reports

As needed by approved study plan timeline.

As Needed

3.1 3.2

3.2.1 3.2.2

Final version of study, assessment, analysis, appraisal and evaluation reports.

Within 30 days of receipt of the Government’s comments on submitted draft documents (per PFD study plan guidance).

As Needed

3.1 3.2

3.2.1 3.2.2 3.3 3.4 3.6

Draft scripted briefings Within 5 days of tasking As Needed

3.1 3.2

3.2.1 3.2.2 3.3 3.4 3.6

Final Scripted briefings

Within 24 hours of receipt of the Government’s comments on draft scripted briefings

As Needed

3.7 Status report on surge tasks Bi-weekly updates

as may be needed. As Required

7. RELATED DOCUMENTS [CAPE Non Disclosure Agreement] – to be provided at a later date.