GSFC-STD-7000A.pdf

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GSFC-STD-7000A

Approved: 4/22/2013

Revalidation date: 4/22/2019

Supersedes

GSFC-STD-7000

GENERAL ENVIRONMENTAL VERIFICATION STANDARD (GEVS)

For GSFC Flight Programs and Projects

Approved By:

NASA GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER

Greenbelt, Maryland 20771

Original Signed by:

Director of Applied Engineering and Technology Goddard Space Flight Center

Original Signed by:

Director of Flight Projects Goddard Space Flight Center

Original Signed by:

Director of Safety and Mission Assurance Goddard Space Flight Center

Original Signed by:

Chief Engineer Goddard Space Flight Center

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GEVS

Changes to

GENERAL ENVIRONMENTAL VERIFICATION STANDARD

Change No. Date Nature of Change

Baseline April 2005

A 4/22/2013

Major update - STS references removed; Reference to Office of

Mission Success removed; Added definition of anomaly;

Significant updates to the following sections: 1.13; 2.2.5; 2.4.1.2;

2.4.1.4.1; 2.4.2.2; 2.4.2.6; 2.4.4.1; 2.4.4.2; 2.6.2.4;

Section 1.14 added; Section 2.5 rewritten; Section 2.7 rewritten

CCR Number CCR-D-0071

A 3/28/2018 Extended the document for 1 year from current expiration date.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Paragraph Page

SECTION 1 -- GENERAL INFORMATION

1.1 PURPOSE ............................................................................................................................. 1-1

1.2 APPLICABILITY AND LIMITATIONS .................................................................................... 1-1

1.3 THE GSFC VERIFICATION APPROACH............................................................................. 1-1

1.4 OTHER ASSURANCE REQUIREMENTS ............................................................................ 1-2

1.5 RESPONSIBILITY FOR ADMINISTRATION ........................................................................ 1-2

1.6 GEVS CONFIGURATION CONTROL AND DISTRIBUTION ............................................... 1-2

1.7 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS ................................................................................................ 1-2

1.7.1 Spacecraft Tracking and Data Network Simulation .............................................................. 1-2

1.7.2 Deep Space Network (DSN) Simulation ............................................................................... 1-3

1.7.3 NASA Standards ................................................................................................................... 1-3

1.7.4 Military Standards for EMC Testing ...................................................................................... 1-3

1.7.5 Military Standards for Non-Destructive Evaluation ............................................................... 1-3

1.8 DEFINITIONS ........................................................................................................................ 1-3

1.9 CRITERIA FOR UNSATISFACTORY PERFORMANCE ...................................................... 1-8

1.9.1 Failure Occurrence ................................................................................................................ 1-8

1.9.2 Failures with Retroactive Effect ............................................................................................. 1-8

1.9.3 Failure Reporting ................................................................................................................... 1-8

1.9.4 Wear Out ............................................................................................................................... 1-8

1.10 TEST SAFETY RESPONSIBILITIES .................................................................................... 1-8

1.10.1 Operations Hazard Analysis, Responsibilities For ................................................................ 1-9

1.10.2 Treatment of Hazards............................................................................................................ 1-9

1.10.3 Facility Safety ........................................................................................................................ 1-9

1.10.4 Safety Responsibilities During Test ...................................................................................... 1-9

1.11 TESTING OF SPARE HARDWARE ..................................................................................... 1-9

1.12 TEST FACILITIES, CALIBRATION ..................................................................................... 1-10

1.13 TEST CONDITION TOLERANCES .................................................................................... 1-10

1.14 TEST MEASUREMENT CONSIDERATIONS .................................................................... 1-12

SECTION 2 -- VERIFICATION PROGRAM

SECTION 2.1 - SYSTEM PERFORMANCE VERIFICATION

2.1 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE VERIFICATION ..................................................................... 2.1-1

2.1.1 Documentation Requirements ............................................................................................ 2.1-1

2.1.1.1 System Performance Verification Plan ............................................................................... 2.1-1

2.1.1.1.1 Environmental Verification Plan ......................................................................................... 2.1-1

2.1.1.2 System Performance Verification Matrix ............................................................................ 2.1-2

2.1.1.2.1 Environmental Test Matrix ................................................................................................. 2.1-2

2.1.1.3 Environmental Verification Specification ............................................................................ 2.1-3

2.1.1.4 Performance Verification Procedures ................................................................................ 2.1-3

2.1.1.5 Verification Reports ............................................................................................................ 2.1-3

2.1.1.6 System Performance Verification Report ........................................................................... 2.1-3

2.1.1.7 Instrument Verification Documentation .............................................................................. 2.1-4

Paragraph Page

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SECTION 2.2 - ENVIRONMENTAL VERIFICATION

2.2 APPLICABILITY ................................................................................................................. 2.2-1

2.2.1 Test Sequence and Level of Assembly .............................................................................. 2.2-1

2.2.2 Verification Program Tailoring ............................................................................................ 2.2-1

2.2.3 Qualification if Hardware by Similarity ................................................................................ 2.2-3

2.2.4 Test Factors/Durations ....................................................................................................... 2.2-4

2.2.5 Structural Analysis/Design Factors of Safety ..................................................................... 2.2-4

SECTION 2.3 - ELECTRICAL FUNCTION & PERFORMANCE

2.3 ELECTRICAL FUNCTION TEST REQUIREMENTS ......................................................... 2.3-1

2.3.1 Electrical Interface Tests .................................................................................................... 2.3-1

2.3.2 Comprehensive Performance Tests ................................................................................... 2.3-1

2.3.3 Limited Performance Tests ................................................................................................ 2.3-1

2.3.4 Performance Operating Time and Failure-Free Performance Testing ............................. .2.3-2

2.3.5 Limited-Life Electrical Elements ........................................................................................ .2.3-2

SECTION 2.4 - STRUCTURAL AND MECHANICAL

2.4 STRUCTURAL AND MECHANICAL VERIFICATION REQUIREMENTS ......................... 2.4-1

2.4.1 Structural Loads Qualification ............................................................................................ 2.4-1

2.4.1.1 Coupled Loads Analysis ..................................................................................................... 2.4-4

2.4.1.1.1 Analysis-Strength Qualification .......................................................................................... 2.4-4

2.4.1.1.2 Analysis-Clearance Verification ......................................................................................... 2.4-5

2.4.1.2 Modal Survey ..................................................................................................................... 2.4-6

2.4.1.3 Design Strength Qualification ............................................................................................ 2.4-7

2.4.1.3.1 Strength Qualification - Beryllium ....................................................................................... 2.4-8

2.4.1.4 Structural Reliability (Residual Strength Qualification) ...................................................... 2.4-9

2.4.1.4.1 Primary and Secondary Structure ...................................................................................... 2.4-9

2.4.1.5 Acceptance Requirements ............................................................................................... 2.4-11

2.4.2 Vibroacoustic Qualification ............................................................................................... 2.4-12

2.4.2.1 Fatigue Life Considerations ............................................................................................. 2.4-13

2.4.2.2 Payload Acoustic Test ...................................................................................................... 2.4-13

2.4.2.3 Payload Random Vibration Tests ..................................................................................... 2.4-14

2.4.2.4 Subsystem/Instrument Vibroacoustic Tests ..................................................................... 2.4-15

2.4.2.5 Component/Unit Vibroacoustic Tests ............................................................................... 2.4-15

2.4.2.6 Acceptance Requirements ............................................................................................... 2.4-17

2.4.2.7 Retest of Reflight Hardware ............................................................................................. 2.4-20

2.4.2.8 Retest of Reworked Hardware ......................................................................................... 2.4-20

2.4.3 Sinusoidal Sweep Vibration Qualification ........................................................................ 2.4-20

2.4.3.1 ELV Payload Sine Sweep Vibration Tests ...................................................................... .2.4-21

2.4.3.2 ELV Payload Subsystem (including Instruments) and Component Sine Sweep

Vibration Tests ................................................................................................................. 2.4-22

2.4.3.3 Acceptance Requirements ............................................................................................... 2.4-24

2.4.4 Mechanical Shock Qualification ....................................................................................... 2.4-24

2.4.4.1 Subsystem Mechanical Shock Tests ............................................................................... 2.4-24

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2.4.4.2 Payload (Spacecraft) Mechanical Shock Tests ............................................................... 2.4-26

2.4.4.3 Acceptance Requirements ............................................................................................... 2.4-27

2.4.5 Mechanical Function Verification ..................................................................................... 2.4-27

2.4.5.1 Life Testing ....................................................................................................................... 2.4-27

2.4.5.2 Demonstration .................................................................................................................. 2.4-30

2.4.5.3 Torque/Force Margin ........................................................................................................ 2.4-34

2.4.5.4 Acceptance Requirements ............................................................................................... 2.4-35

2.4.6 Pressure Profile Qualification ........................................................................................... 2.4-36

2.4.6.1 Demonstration .................................................................................................................. 2.4-36

2.4.6.2 Acceptance Requirements ............................................................................................... 2.4-36

2.4.7 Mass Properties Verification ............................................................................................ 2.4-36

2.4.7.1 Demonstration .................................................................................................................. 2.4-36

2.4.7.2 Acceptance Requirements ............................................................................................... 2.4-38

SECTION 2.5 - EMC

2.5 ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY (EMC) REQUIREMENTS ................................. 2.5-1

2.5.1 General Requirements ....................................................................................................... 2.5-1

2.5.1.1 Documentation ................................................................................................................... 2.5-2

2.5.1.2 Requirements Overview ..................................................................................................... 2.5-3

2.5.1.3 Testing at Lower Levels of Assembly ................................................................................. 2.5-4

2.5.1.4 Safety and Controls ............................................................................................................ 2.5-4

2.5.1.5 Test Facility and Procedure Requirements ........................................................................ 2.5-5

2.5.1.5.1 Ambient Electromagnetic Level .......................................................................................... 2.5-5

2.5.1.5.2 Power Source Impedance .................................................................................................. 2.5-5

2.5.1.5.3 Construction and Arrangement of EUT Cables .................................................................. 2.5-6

2.5.1.5.4 Susceptibility Testing.......................................................................................................... 2.5-7

2.5.1.5.4.1 Frequency Scanning .......................................................................................................... 2.5-7

2.5.1.5.4.2 Thresholds of Susceptibility ............................................................................................... 2.5-8

2.5.1.5.5 General Test Setup ............................................................................................................ 2.5-9

2.5.1.6 Documentation Guidelines ............................................................................................... 2.5-10

2.5.1.6.1 EMC Control Plan (EMCCP) ............................................................................................ 2.5-10

2.5.1.6.2 EMI Test Procedure (EMITP) ........................................................................................... 2.5-11

2.5.1.6.3 EMI Test Report (EMITR) ................................................................................................ 2.5-13

2.5.1.6.4 Waiver Requests .............................................................................................................. 2.5-15

2.5.2 Detailed Requirements ..................................................................................................... 2.5-16

2.5.2.1 Conducted Emissions Requirements ............................................................................... 2.5-17

2.5.2.1.1 Conducted Emissions, Power Leads, Differential Mode .................................................. 2.5-17

2.5.2.1.2 Conducted Emissions, Common Mode, Power and Signal Lines .................................... 2.5-19

2.5.2.1.3 Conducted Emissions, Time Domain, Transients ............................................................ 2.5-21

2.5.2.1.4 Conducted Emissions, Antenna Terminal ........................................................................ 2.5-24

2.5.2.2 Conducted Susceptibility Requirements .......................................................................... 2.5-25

2.5.2.2.1 Conducted Susceptibility, Power Leads ........................................................................... 2.5-25

2.5.2.2.2 Conducted Susceptibility, Antenna Terminals ................................................................. 2.5-27

2.5.2.2.3 Conducted Susceptibility, Transients, Power Leads ........................................................ 2.5-27

2.5.2.2.4 Conducted Susceptibility, Bulk Cable Injection ................................................................ 2.5-30

2.5.2.2.4.1 Conducted Susceptibility, Power and Signal Cables, Common Mode ............................ 2.5-30

2.5.2.2.4.2 Conducted Susceptibility, Power Leads ........................................................................... 2.5-31

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2.5.2.2.5 Conducted Susceptibility, Bulk Cable Injection, Impulse Excitation ................................ 2.5-33

2.5.2.3 Radiated Emissions Requirements .................................................................................. 2.5-34

2.5.2.3.1 Radiated Emissions, Magnetic Field ................................................................................ 2.5-34

2.5.2.3.2 Radiated Emissions, Electric Field ................................................................................... 2.5-34

2.5.2.4 Radiated Susceptibility Requirements ............................................................................. 2.5-35

2.5.2.4.1 Radiated Susceptibility, Magnetic Field ........................................................................... 2.5-35

2.5.2.4.2 Radiated Susceptibility, Electric Field .............................................................................. 2.5-36

2.5.3 Application Guide ............................................................................................................. 2.5-37

2.5.3.1 Engineering Concerns for EMI Testing ............................................................................ 2.5-37

2.5.3.2 Test Facility and Procedure Requirements ...................................................................... 2.5-39

2.5.3.2.1 Ambient Electromagnetic Level ........................................................................................ 2.5-39

2.5.3.2.2 Power Source Impedance ................................................................................................ 2.5-42

2.5.3.2.3 Construction and Arrangement of EUT Cables ................................................................ 2.5-45

2.5.3.3 Detailed Requirements ..................................................................................................... 2.5-46

2.5.3.3.1 Conducted Emissions, Power Leads, Differential Mode .................................................. 2.5-46

2.5.3.3.2 Conducted Emissions, Common Mode, Power and Signal Lines .................................... 2.5-47

2.5.3.3.3 Conducted Emissions, Time Domain, Transients ............................................................ 2.5-51

2.5.3.3.4 Conducted Susceptibility, Power Leads ........................................................................... 2.5-57

2.5.3.3.5 Conducted Susceptibility, Transients, Power Leads ........................................................ 2.5-58

2.5.3.3.6 Conducted Susceptibility, Bulk Cable Injection ................................................................ 2.5-59

2.5.3.3.6.1 Conducted Susceptibility, Power and Signal Cables, Common Mode ............................ 2.5-59

2.5.3.3.6.2 Conducted Susceptibility, Power Leads ........................................................................... 2.5-60

2.5.3.3.7 Radiated Emissions, Electric Field ................................................................................... 2.5-61

SECTION 2.6 - THERMAL

2.6 VACUUM, THERMAL, AND HUMIDITY VERIFICATION REQUIREMENTS .................... 2.6-1

2.6.1 Summary of Requirements ................................................................................................ 2.6-1

2.6.2 Thermal-Vacuum Qualification ........................................................................................... 2.6-1

2.6.2.1 Applicability ........................................................................................................................ 2.6-4

2.6.2.2 Special Considerations....................................................................................................... 2.6-4

2.6.2.3 Level of Testing .................................................................................................................. 2.6-6

2.6.2.4 Test Parameters ................................................................................................................. 2.6-6

2.6.2.5 Test Setup ........................................................................................................................ 2.6-10

2.6.2.6 Demonstration .................................................................................................................. 2.6-10

2.6.2.7 Special Tests .................................................................................................................... 2.6-12

2.6.2.8 Failure-Free-Performance ................................................................................................ 2.6-12

2.6.3 Thermal Balance Qualifications ....................................................................................... 2.6-12

2.6.3.1 Alternative Methods.......................................................................................................... 2.6-13

2.6.3.2 Use of a Thermal Analytical Model .................................................................................. 2.6-13

2.6.3.3 Method of Thermal Simulation ......................................................................................... 2.6-13

2.6.3.4 Internal Power .................................................................................................................. 2.6-16

2.6.3.5 Special Considerations..................................................................................................... 2.6-16

2.6.3.6 Demonstration .................................................................................................................. 2.6-16

2.6.3.7 Acceptance Requirements ............................................................................................... 2.6-17

2.6.4 Temperature-Humidity Verification ................................................................................... 2.6-17

2.6.4.1 Temperature-Humidity Verification: Manned Spaces ...................................................... 2.6-17

2.6.4.1.1 Applicability ...................................................................................................................... 2.6-17

2.6.4.1.2 Demonstration .................................................................................................................. 2.6-17

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2.6.4.2 Temperature-Humidity Verification: Descent and Landing .............................................. 2.6-17

2.6.4.2.1 Special Considerations..................................................................................................... 2.6-18

2.6.4.2.2 Demonstration .................................................................................................................. 2.6-18

2.6.4.2.3 Acceptance Requirements ............................................................................................... 2.6-18

2.6.4.3 Temperature-Humidity: Transportation and Storage ....................................................... 2.6-18

2.6.4.3.1 Applicability ...................................................................................................................... 2.6-18

2.6.4.3.2 Demonstration .................................................................................................................. 2.6-18

2.6.4.3.3 Acceptance Requirements ............................................................................................... 2.6-19

2.6.5 Leakage (Integrity Verification) ........................................................................................ 2.6-19

2.6.5.1 Levels of Assembly .......................................................................................................... 2.6-19

2.6.5.2 Demonstration .................................................................................................................. 2.6-19

2.6.5.3 Acceptance Requirements ............................................................................................... 2.6-19

SECTION 2.7 - CONTAMINATION CONTROL

2.7 CONTAMINATION AND COATING ENGINEERING, AND PLANETARY PROTECTION 2.7-1

2.7.1 Contamination .................................................................................................................... 2.7-1

2.7.1.1 Summary of Contamination Verification Process ............................................................... 2.7-1

2.7.1.2 Contamination Engineering Approach ............................................................................... 2.7-2

2.7.1.3 Contamination Sensitivities ................................................................................................ 2.7-4

2.7.1.4 Contamination Requirements ............................................................................................. 2.7-4

2.7.1.5 Contamination Budget ........................................................................................................ 2.7-4

2.7.1.6 Contamination Control Plan (CCP) .................................................................................... 2.7-5

2.7.1.6.1 Supporting Contamination Documentation ........................................................................ 2.7-5

2.7.1.7 Contamination Engineering During Design ........................................................................ 2.7-6

2.7.1.8 Contamination Engineering Analyses ................................................................................ 2.7-7

2.7.1.8.1 Molecular Contamination Analyses .................................................................................... 2.7-7

2.7.1.8.2 Particulate Contamination Analyses .................................................................................. 2.7-7

2.7.1.8.3 Other Analyses ................................................................................................................... 2.7-8

2.7.1.9 Contamination Engineering During Integration and Test ................................................... 2.7-9

2.7.1.10 Thermal Vacuum Bakeouts ................................................................................................ 2.7-9

2.7.1.11 Spacecraft Transportation and Storage Phases .............................................................. 2.7-10

2.7.1.12 Launch Site Contamination Control ................................................................................. 2.7-10

2.7.1.13 Launch Vehicle and Companion Payload Considerations ............................................... 2.7-10

2.7.1.14 Launch and Orbit Insertion Mission Phases .................................................................... 2.7-11

2.7.1.15 On-Orbit Through End-of-Life Mission Phases ................................................................ 2.7-11

2.7.1.16 Spacecraft Post-Mission and Follow-on Program Phases ............................................... 2.7-12

2.7.2 Coatings Engineering ....................................................................................................... 2.7-13

2.7.2.1 Key Verification Milestones for coatings Selections and Testing ..................................... 2.7-14

2.7.3 Planetary Protection ......................................................................................................... 2.7-14

2.7.3.1 Classification of Missions ................................................................................................. 2.7-15

2.7.3.2 Planetary Protection Categorization of Missions ............................................................. 2.7-15

2.7.3.3 Planetary Protection Plan Development (Categories II-V) ............................................... 2.7-16

2.7.3.4 Measurements and Verification ........................................................................................ 2.7-17

2.7.3.5 Documentation Requirements for Planetary Protection Requirements and Verification . 2.7-17

SECTION 2.8 - END-TO-END TESTING

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2.8 END-TO-END COMPATIBILITY TESTS AND SIMULATIONS ......................................... 2.8-1

2.8.1 Compatibility Tests ............................................................................................................. 2.8-1

2.8.2 Mission Simulations ............................................................................................................ 2.8-1

Page

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Appendix A

General Information.................................................................................................... A-1 - A-14

Tables

Table

2.2-1 Flight System Hardware Levels of Assembly ..................................................................... 2.2-3

2.2-2 Test Factors/Durations ....................................................................................................... 2.2-5

2.2-3 Flight Hardware Design/Analysis Factors of Safety Applied to Limit Loads ..................... .2.2-6

2.4-1 Structural and Mechanical Verification Test Requirements ............................................... 2.4-2

2.4-2 Minimum Probability-Level Requirements for Flight Limit (maximum expected) Level ..... 2.4-3

2.4-3 Generalized Random Vibration Test Levels, Components. ............................................. 2.4-18

2.4-4 Component Minimum Workmanship Random Vibration Test Levels .............................. 2.4-19

2.5-1 Susceptibility Scanning (Replacement for MIL-STD-461F Table III) ................................. 2.5-7

2.5-2 EMI Requirements Summary ........................................................................................... 2.5-16

2.6-1 Vacuum, Thermal, and Humidity Requirements ................................................................ 2.6-2

A-1 Acoustic Fill-Factor, 3 meter Payload Fairing .......................................................................A-2

FIGURES

Figure

2.1-1 Environmental Test Matrix ................................................................................................. 2.1-5

2.1-2a Verification Test Report ...................................................................................................... 2.1-6

2.1-2b Verification Test Report (continued) ................................................................................... 2.1-7

2.4-1 Shock Response Level (SRS) – for Assessing Component Test Requirements............. 2.4-26

2.5-1 Capacitor Network Simulating Battery Dominated Bus Impedance ................................... 2.5-6

2.5-2 General Test Setup Diagram ............................................................................................. 2.5-9

2.5-3 Conducted Emissions Test Setup .................................................................................... 2.5-17

2.5-4 Conducted Emissions Differential Mode Limits ................................................................ 2.5-18

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2.5-5 Mode Conducted Emissions Default Limit ....................................................................... 2.5-19

2.5-6 Common Mode Conducted Emissions Test Setup .......................................................... 2.5-20

2.5-7 Inrush Current Transient Default Limit ............................................................................. 2.5-22

2.5-8 Inrush Current Emissions Test Setup (Current Probe) .................................................... 2.5-23

2.5-9 Inrush Current Emissions Alternate Test Setup (Series Resistor) ................................... 2.5-24

2.5-10 Conducted Susceptibility Voltage Limit, (30 Hz to 150 kHz) ............................................ 2.5-26

2.5-11 Conducted Susceptibility Power Limit (30 Hz to 150 kHz) ............................................... 2.5-26

2.5-12 Conducted Susceptibility Transient Waveform ................................................................ 2.5-28

2.5-13 Conducted Transient Susceptibility Test Setup – Series Injection .................................. 2.5-28

2.5-14 Conducted Transient Susceptibility Test Setup – Parallel Injection ................................. 2.5-29

2.5-15 Common Mode Conducted Susceptibility Calibration Limit ............................................. 2.5-30

2.5-16 Conducted Susceptibility, Power Leads, 150 kHz to 50 MHz Limit ................................. 2.5-31

2.5-17 Conducted Susceptibility, Power Leads Test Setup ........................................................ 2.5-32

2.5-18 CS115 Default Limit ......................................................................................................... 2.5-33

2.5-19 Radiated Emissions Electric Field Limit with Suggested Notches ................................... 2.5-35

2.5-20 Impacts of Uncontrolled EGSE Common Mode Currents ................................................ 2.5-39

2.5-21 Proper EGSE Shielding and Grounding Configuration .................................................... 2.5-40

2.5-22 EGSE Cable Shield Termination – Connector Break (Preferred Method) ....................... 2.5-41

2.5-23 EGSE Cable Shield Termination –Stuffing Tube (Alternate Method) .............................. 2.5-41

2.5-24 Common Source Impedance and Harness Impedance (General) ................................... 2.5-43

2.5-25 Power Distribution Wiring, Large Military Platforms (Worst Case) .................................. 2.5-43

2.5-26 Power Distribution Wiring, GSFC Platforms (Typical) ...................................................... 2.5-44

2.5-27 Capacitor Network Simulating Battery Dominated Bus Impedance ................................. 2.5-44

2.5-28 Conducted Emissions Test Setup – Single Ended (Traditional) ...................................... 2.5-47

2.5-29 Basic Common Mode Conducted Emissions Calibration Setup ...................................... 2.5-49

2.5-30 Nominal Transfer Impedance of CISPR 16 Absorbing Clamp ........................................ 2.5-50

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2.5-31 Solid State Switch Example Design ................................................................................ 2.5-52

2.5-32 Measurement System Check (Current Probe) ............................................................... .2.5-53

2.5-33 Measurement System Check (Series Resistor) ............................................................... 2.5-54

2.5-34 Inrush Current Calibration Waveform (20% Tolerance) ................................................... 2.5-54

2.5-35 Input Power Voltage Sag Measurement Setup ................................................................ 2.5-55

2.5-36 Conducted Susceptibility Alternate Test Setup (Differential Mode, 30 Hz to 150 kHz) ... 2.5-58

2.6-1 Section 2.6 Thermal Requirements .................................................................................... 2.6-3

2.6-2 Qualification (Protoflight or Prototype) and Flight Acceptance Thermal-Vacuum

Temperatures ..................................................................................................................... 2.6-5

2.6-3 Temperature-Humidity Profile for Descent and Landing Demonstration ......................... 2.6-17

2.7-1 Contamination Engineering Approach ............................................................................... 2.7-3

A-1 Cylindrical Payload in Fairing Acoustic Fill-Factor ................................................................A-1

A-2 Acoustic Fill-Factor for Various Size Payloads in a 3 Meter Diameter Payload Fairing .......A-3

A-3 Determination of Qualification and Acceptance Random Vibration Test Levels ..................A-4

A-4 Shock Environment Produced by Linear Pyrotechnic Devices .............................................A-7

A-5 Shock Environment Produced by Separation Nuts and Explosive Bolts ..............................A-8

A-6 Shock Environment Produced by Pin-Pullers and Pin-Pushers ...........................................A-9

A-7 Shock Environment Produced by Bolt-Cutters, Pin-Cutters, and Cable-Cutters ................A-10

A-8 Attenuation of Constant Velocity Line .................................................................................A-11

A-9 Peak Pyrotechnic Shock Response vs. Distance ...............................................................A-12

A-10 Shock Attenuation Example ................................................................................................A-13

A-11 Reduction of Pyrotechnic Shock Response due to Intervening Structure ..........................A-14

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SECTION l

GENERAL INFORMATION

GENERAL INFORMATION GENERAL INFORMATION

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1.1 PURPOSE

This standard provides requirements and guidelines for environmental verification programs for GSFC payloads, subsystems and components and describes methods for implementing those requirements. It contains a baseline for demonstrating by test or analysis the satisfactory performance of hardware in the expected mission environments, and that minimum workmanship standards have been met. It elaborates on those requirements, gives guideline test levels, provides guidance in the choice of test options, and describes acceptable test and analytical methods for implementing the requirements.

This standard shall be used by GSFC projects and contractors. This standard shall be tailored to create a project specific verification plan and verification specification as discussed in section 2.1. GSFC projects must select from the options to fulfill the specific payload

(spacecraft) requirements in accordance with the launch vehicle to be used, Atlas, Delta, Pegasus, etc., or to cover other mission-specific considerations.

1.2 APPLICABILITY AND LIMITATIONS

This standard applies to GSFC hardware and associated software that is to be launched on an ELV. Hardware launched by balloons and sounding rockets is not included. The specification applies to the following:

a. All space flight hardware, including interface hardware, that is developed as part of a payload managed by GSFC, whether developed by (1) GSFC or any of its contractors,

(2) another NASA center, or (3) an independent agency; and

b. All space flight hardware, including interface hardware that is developed by GSFC or any of its contractors and that is provided to another NASA installation or independent agency as part of a payload that is not managed by GSFC.

The provisions herein are generally limited to the verification of ELV payloads and to those activities (with emphasis on the environmental verification program) that are closely associated with such verification, such as workmanship and functional testing.

The standard is written in accordance with the current GSFC practice of using a single protoflight payload for both qualification testing and space flight (see definition of hardware, 1.8). The protoflight verification program, therefore, is given as the nominal test program.

1.3 THE GSFC VERIFICATION APPROACH

Goddard Space Flight Center endorses the full systems verification approach in which the entire payload is tested or verified under conditions that simulate the flight operations and flight environment as realistically as possible. The standard is written in accordance with that view.

However, it is recognized that there may be unavoidable exceptions, or conditions which make it preferable to perform the verification activities at lower levels of assembly. For example, testing at lower levels of assembly may be necessary to produce sufficient environmentally induced stresses to uncover design and workmanship flaws. These test requirements should be tailored for each specific space program. For some projects, tailoring might relax the requirements in this standard; however, for other projects the requirements may be made more stringent to demonstrate more robustness or greater confidence in the system performance.

Check the GSFC Technical Standards Program website at http://standards.gsfc nasa.gov or contact the Executive Secretary for the GSFC Technical Standards Program to verify that this is the correct version prior to use.

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Since testing at the component (or unit) level, or lower level of assembly for large components, often becomes a primary part of the verification program, all components should be operating and monitored during all environmental tests if practicable.

Environmental verification of hardware is only a portion of the total assurance effort at GSFC that establishes confidence that a payload will function correctly and fly a successful mission.

The environmental test program provides confidence that the design will perform when subjected to environments more severe than expected during the mission, and provides environmental stress screening to uncover workmanship defects.

The total verification process also includes the development of models representing the hardware, tests to verify the adequacy of the models, analyses, alignments, calibrations, functional/performance tests to verify proper operation, and finally end-to-end tests and simulations to show that the total system will perform as specified.

Other tests not included herein may be performed as required by the project. The level, procedure, and decision criteria for performing any such additional tests shall be included in the system verification plan and system verification specification (section 2.1).

1.4 OTHER ASSURANCE REQUIREMENTS

In addition to the verification program, the assurance effort includes parts and materials selection and control, reliability assessment, quality assurance, software assurance, design reviews, and system safety.

1.5 RESPONSIBILITY FOR ADMINISTRATION

The responsibility and authority for decisions in applying the requirements of this standard rest with the project manager. The general/environmental requirements are intended for use by the flight project managers, assisted by the systems assurance managers, and systems engineering in developing project-unique performance verification requirements, plans, and specifications that are consistent with current NASA program/project planning.

1.6 GEVS CONFIGURATION CONTROL AND DISTRIBUTION

This document is controlled and maintained by the GSFC Institutional Support Office and is available through the Goddard Document Management System (GDMS).

1.7 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS

The following documents may be needed in formulating the environmental test program. The user must ensure that the latest versions are procured and that the most recent changes and additions are included.

1.7.1 Spacecraft Tracking and Data Network Simulation - STDN No. 101.6, Portable Simulation

System and Simulations Operation Center Guide for TDRSS & GSTDN, describes the

Spacecraft Tracking and Data Network (STDN) and the Tracking and Data Relay Satellite

(TDRS)/Ground STDN network simulation programs, and the Simulations Operations Center

(SOC). It also discusses end-to-end simulation techniques. STDN No. 408, TDRS and

GSTDN Compatibility Test Van Functional Description and Capabilities, describes the equipment and the compatibility test system.

Check the GSFC Technical Standards Program website at http://standards.gsfc nasa.gov or contact the Executive Secretary for the GSFC Technical Standards Program to verify that this is the correct version prior to use.

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1.7.2 Deep Space Network (DSN) Simulation - The Deep Space Network/Flight Project Interface

Design Handbook, 8l0-5, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Vol. I, Module TSS-10, describes existing payload (spacecraft) telemetry and command simulation capability. Vol. II describes proposed DSN capability.

1.7.3 NASA Standards – The following standards provide supporting information:

a. NASA-STD 7002, Payload Test Requirements

b. NASA-STD-7001, Payload Vibroacoustic Test Criteria

c. NASA-STD-7003, Pyroshock Test Criteria

d. NASA-HDBK-7004, Force Limited Vibration Testing

e. NASA-HDBK-7005, Dynamic Environmental Criteria

f. NASA-STD-5001, Structural Design and Test Factors of Safety for Space Flight

Hardware

g. NASA-STD-5002, Load Analyses of Spacecraft and Payloads

h. NASA-STD-5009, Nondestructive Evaluation Requirements for Fracture Critical

Metallic Components

i. NASA-STD-5019, Fracture Control Requirements for Spaceflight Hardware

1.7.4 Military Standards for EMI Testing - Pertinent sections of the following standards are needed to conduct the EMI tests:

a. MIL-STD-461F, Requirements for the Control of Electromagnetic Interference

Characteristics of Subsystems and Equipment, 10 December 2007

Additional documentation is specified in Section 2.5.

1.7.5 Military Standards for Non-Destructive Evaluation

a. MIL-HDBK-6870, Inspection Program Requirements, Non-Destructive Testing for

Aircraft and Missile Materials and Parts.

b. NAS-410, Certification and Qualification of Nondestructive Test Personnel.

c. MSFC-STD-1249, Standard NDE Guidelines and Requirements for Fracture Control

Programs.

d. MIL-HDBK-728, Nondestructive Testing.

1.8 DEFINITIONS

The following definitions apply within the context of this specification:

Acceptance Tests: The verification process that demonstrates that hardware is acceptable for flight. It also serves as a quality control screen to detect deficiencies and, normally, to provide the basis for delivery of an item under terms of a contract.

Check the GSFC Technical Standards Program website at http://standards.gsfc nasa.gov or contact the Executive Secretary for

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Anomaly: An unexpected event that is outside of design/performance specification limits.

NOTE: Design limits are those identified in approved design-level documents.

Assembly: See Level of Assembly.

Component: See Level of Assembly.

Configuration: The functional and physical characteristics of the payload and all its integral parts, assemblies and systems that are capable of fulfilling the fit, form and functional requirements defined by performance specifications and engineering drawings.

Contamination: The presence of materials of molecular or particulate nature which degrade the performance of hardware.

Design Qualification Tests: Tests intended to demonstrate that the test item will function within performance specifications under simulated conditions more severe than those expected from ground handling, launch, and orbital operations. Their purpose is to uncover deficiencies in design and method of manufacture. They are not intended to exceed design safety margins or to introduce unrealistic modes of failure. The design qualification tests may be to either

“prototype” or “protoflight” test levels.

Design Specification: Generic designation for a specification that describes functional and physical requirements for an article, usually at the component level or higher levels of assembly. In its initial form, the design specification is a statement of functional requirements with only general coverage of physical and test requirements. The design specification evolves through the project life cycle to reflect progressive refinements in performance, design, configuration, and test requirements. In many projects the end-item specifications serve all the purposes of design specifications for the contract end-items. Design specifications provide the basis for technical and engineering management control.

Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC): The condition that prevails when various electronic devices are performing their functions according to design in a common electromagnetic environment.

Electromagnetic Interference (EMI): Electromagnetic energy which interrupts, obstructs, or otherwise degrades or limits the effective performance of electrical equipment.

Electromagnetic Susceptibility: Undesired response…