FR BFBS ROCK PURCHASE_SPECIFICATIONS.pdf

Lower Brule Flats Bank Stabilization - Fort Randall Dam, SD FR00111

SECTION 35 31 19 Page 1

SECTION 35 31 19

STONE

01/00

PART 1 GENERAL

1.1 REFERENCES

The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The publications are referred to in the text by basic designation only.

AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS (ASTM)

ASTM C 88 (1990) Soundness of Aggregates by Use of

Sodium Sulfate or Magnesium Sulfate

ASTM C 127 (1988) Specific Gravity and Absorption of Coarse Aggregate

ASTM D 5519 (2015) Particle Size Analysis of Natural and Man-Made Riprap Materials

1.2 SUBMITTALS

Government approval is required for submittals with a "G" designation;

submittals having no designation are for information only. The following shall be submitted in accordance with Section 013300 SUBMITTAL PROCEDURES:

SD-03 Product Data

Location of Material Sources for Stone; G-AO.

SD-05 Design Data

Letter of Clearance; G-AO.

SD-06 Test Reports

Tests, service records, and results; G-AO.

1.3 MEASUREMENT OF MATERIALS

Material shall be measured as specified in SECTION 01 22 00 MEASUREMENT AND

PAYMENT.

1.4 PAYMENT

Separate payment will not be made for the work described in this section.

All costs for this work will be included in the appropriate contract unit bid prices.

SECTION 35 31 19 Page 2

PART 2 PRODUCTS (NOT APPLICABLE)

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.1 STONE

The Contractor shall submit the location of material sources for stone.

The locations shall be described to the quarter-quarter section and shall be clearly delineated on a map with a scale of 1 inch = 2000 feet. The map shall also indicate roads and distances to the nearest cities or towns, which would appear on typical highway maps. Material sources will be approved by the KO prior to delivery of stone.

3.1.1 General

Whenever "stone" is specified in this contract, it shall be durable stone, geologically classified as "Sioux Quartzite", approved by the Contracting Officer and shall conform to all requirements of these specifications.

In addition to the sampling and test results or service test records required of the Contractor, the Contracting Officer reserves the right to inspect the material source and require additional samples of stone material, selected by the Contracting Officer, be submitted to the Contracting Officer for evaluation and approval prior to delivery of any material to the site of the work, except for test purposes. These samples, identified by specific location and specific geologic formation shall be obtained by the Contractor and delivered at his expense to a point designated by the Contracting Officer at least 10 days in advance of the

SECTION 35 31 19 Page 3 time when the placing of the stone protection is expected to begin. The above inspection and sampling may be repeated any time the Contractor changes the location of geological formation from which the material is coming. The Contractor shall not be granted an extension of time or extra compensation due to any delay caused by sampling, testing, approval or disapproval of stone material under the requirements of these specifications.

3.1.1.1 Broken Concrete

Broken concrete rubble will not be allowed as an allowable substitute for stone.

3.2 Quarried Stone or Field Boulders

3.2.1 General

The stone shall consist quarried stone meeting the quality requirements above. Neither the breadth nor the thickness of any piece of stone shall be less than one-third of its length. Stone shall be reasonably well graded from coarse to fine. Quarry operation shall be controlled to produce a reasonable well graded stone of the required size, and the Contracting Officer may require changes as necessary to produce the required product. Dirt and fines of less than 1/2-inch maximum cross section, accumulated from interledge layers or from blasting or handling operations or breaking shall not exceed 5 percent by weight.

The stone shall be reasonably well graded between the following limits, classified as Class C Rip Rap as defined by the South Dakota Department of Transportation:

Limits of Stone Weight Percent Lighter Weight Size in Approx.

by Weight in Pounds (lbs) Spherical Diameter (in)

100 1350-540 30

50 400-270 21

15 200-84 15

3.2.2 Quarry Operations

Conduct quarry operations in a manner to produce stone conforming to the requirements specified, this may involve selective quarrying, handling, processing, blending, and loading as necessary. Control blasting and handling of rock to produce rock of the size ranges and quality specified.

Techniques such as the use of proper hole diameter, hole depth, hole angle, burden and spacing distances, types and distribution of explosives, delay intervals and sequence, removal of muck piles between each shot, and special handling techniques are required as necessary to produce the specified materials. All aspects of blasting operations shall be specifically designed so that the end product is not damaged from the blasting technique and that the stone is suitable for the intended purpose.

If only a sub-section of a ledge is approved for use, a written description

SECTION 35 31 19 Page 4 of quarry operations to isolate removal and handling of rock from that ledge section is required. If visual separation of ledge sub-section material is not feasible, the Contracting Officer may require additional testing to verify quarry operations.

3.2.2.1 Quarry Location

Quarry proximity to the work site is preferred to facilitate Government inspections. Use of any quarry located greater than 500 miles from the work area is not acceptable without prior approval by the Contracting Officer.

3.2.2.2 Curing Stone

Conduct curing operations on freshly quarried stone to allow it to release stored energy and moisture and to allow the stone to demonstrate that it will not fracture during the energy release and drying-out phase. Stones of sizes which are individually picked shall be temporarily stockpiled at the quarry site a minimum of 90 calendar days before being shipped to the project site, unless this requirement is waived by the Contracting Officer.

Such waiver will be granted only if the stone has characteristics that make curing unnecessary.

3.2.2.3 Stone Quarrying Exclusion Period

Stone quarried between the 1st of October and the 15th of April may not be approved for use in the project. If the stone is not affected by freeze-thaw cycles, and the durability history of the stone demonstrates that quarrying during the exclusion period has no adverse effect on the durability of the stone, and the Contracting Officer approves the use of stone quarried during the exclusion period, the stone quarrying period exclusion may be waived by the Contracting Officer. Stone quarried before the exclusion period at a time which will not permit sufficient curing time before being subjected to freezing conditions, and which is subject to fracturing as a result of freeze-thaw cycles, will not be approved for use.

3.2.2.4 Temporary Storage at Quarry

Storage of stone materials subsequent to shipment from the quarry and prior to permanent placement in the required work shall be subject to approval of the Contracting Officer. Underwater storage of stone materials or the storage of stone materials in an area subject to winter melt and freeze-thaw due to improper drainage is prohibited.

3.2.3 Riprap Stockpile

If the Contractor elects to provide off-site stockpiling areas, the Contracting Officer shall be notified of all such areas. The Contracting Officer may elect to inspect stockpile areas to view rock handling operations and stockpile conditions. Stockpile operations shall be conducted to minimize potential damage due to operations including rock handling and the environment. The stockpile area shall be well graded to provide drainage. The Contracting officer may elect to require testing of stockpiled rock prior to placement to ensure conformance with grading and test limits. After being stockpiled, any riprap which has become contaminated with soil or refuse shall not be put into the work unless the contaminating material has been removed from the riprap prior to placement.

No storage of materials during the freeze thaw period, roughly 1 December through 15 April, shall be allowed without the approval of the Contracting Officer.

SECTION 35 31 19 Page 5

3.3 SALVAGED STONE

Excess salvaged stone shall be placed onsite as approved by the COR.

3.4 TESTS, SERVICE RECORDS AND RESULTS

Tests, service records and results will be used to determine the acceptability of the quarried stone material. In the event test reports and a service record that are satisfactory to the Contracting Officer are not available, as in the case of newly operated sources, the material shall be subject to such tests as are necessary to determine its acceptability for use in the work.

Tests to which the material may be subjected include petrographic analysis, specific gravity, absorption, wetting and drying, soundness in magnesium sulfate, freezing and thawing, and such other tests as may be considered necessary to demonstrate to the satisfaction of the Contracting Officer that the materials are acceptable for use in the work. All tests shall be performed by the Contractor at no cost to the Government. The stone protection material shall meet the following test limits when tested as indicated.

3.4.1 Acceptability of Previous Test Results

Previously conducted test results submitted by the Contractor that are dated within 1 year from contract award date may be accepted by the Contracting Officer. Acceptable tests must have been conducted from an active quarry ledge with sampling and testing conducted by an accredited lab. The Contracting Officer may require new tests without justification at any time during contract performance. A contract performance period that exceeds 1 year may require additional sampling and testing at the discretion of the Contracting Officer.

3.4.2 Sampling

All sampling of the stone protection materials will be made by or under the supervision of the Contracting Officer unless prior approval for other methods are received from the Contracting Officer. A minimum of three samples are required for testing. Test results should clearly specify the sampling personnel, quarry location, and the ledge(s) that were sampled.

Minimum sample size shall be collected that are representative of the rock gradation and conform to requirements for each specific test. Quarry ledges with significant variability shall require sampling a minimum of three samples from each ledge sub-section. If the source is an undeveloped quarry or if the operation has been dormant for more than one year, expose fresh rock for 20 feet horizontally and for the full height of the face proposed for production prior to field evaluation and sampling. The Contracting Officer may also require documentation of quarry exploration and past quarry production rates in order to determine whether or not sufficient reserves are available.

3.4.3 Field Performance

Field performance for specific rock sources may be required at the discretion of the Contracting Officer in addition to test results. Field performance rock installation records consists of: project location, rock

SECTION 35 31 19 Page 6 gradation, construction date, construction drawings, field photo history, and point of contact. Preferred performance history will be from a riverine application on a large river with similar depth / velocity that is subject to wetting and drying with similar rock size.

3.4.4 Testing Facilities

All tests shall be conducted at USACE approved test facilities. A list of test facilities is available at:

https://mtc.erdc.dren.mil/searchvalidation.aspx

3.4.5 Bulk Specific Gravity

Stone shall have a bulk specific gravity, saturated surface dry, (SSD), greater than 2.5. The stone shall have an absorption less than 3 percent unless other tests and service records show that the stone is satisfactory.

The method of test for bulk specific gravity (SSD) and absorption will be ASTM C 127. The tests method shall be modified as follows: Total sample shall weigh 5,000 grams +2 percent. Individual particles shall weigh approximately 300 grams each.

3.4.6 Soundness

Soundness in Magnesium Sulfate, ASTM C 88, loss at 5 cycles not more than 12 percent. ASTM C 88 shall be modified as follows:

3.4.6.1 General

The sample shall be prepared by breaking it into fragments reasonably uniform in size and shape and weighing approximately 100 grams each. The test sample shall weigh 5,000 grams +/- 2 percent. The sample shall be thoroughly washed and dried previous to test as described for coarse aggregate. The samples immersed in the solution shall be maintained at a temperature of 80 degrees F +/- 2 degrees F for the immersion period.

3.4.6.2 Quantitative Examination

At the end of the fifth cycle, the percentage loss shall be determined by the three following methods. The test report shall show the loss computed by each method; however, only the combined loss shall be used for acceptance or rejection of the material.

a. Loss by Breaking

An individual piece which has broken or split into three or more fragments shall be considered to have failed the test, provided each of the three such fragments is at least 10 percent of the original piece by weight. The total original weight of all pieces failing the test, expressed as percentage of the total original weight of the sample, shall be considered as percentage loss by breaking.

b. Loss by Crumbling and Flaking

After the loss by breaking has been determined, the pieces that have not failed in that determination shall be screened on the 1/2-inch sieve and the material retained on the sieve shall be weighed for

SECTION 35 31 19 Page 7 purposes required to determine combined losses. The pieces which have failed by breaking shall then be added to the material remaining on the 1/2-inch sieve and screened. The difference between the total original weight of the sample and the total weight of the material retained on the 1/2-inch sieve expressed as percentage of the total original weight, shall be considered as percentage loss by crumbling and flaking.

c. Combined Loss

The difference between the total original weight of the material retained on the 1/2-inch sieve, after screening the pieces which did not fail by breaking, expressed as percentage of the total original weight, shall be considered as percentage combined loss.

d. Report

The report for riprap rock shall show the percentages of loss calculated as described herein before and the number of pieces affected, classified as to number disintegrating, splitting, crumbling, cracking, flaking, etc. Testing results should also include photographs.

3.4.7 Soundness in Freezing and Thawing-Method for Riprap Rock

The test for freezing and thawing shall consist of CRD-C 144, Standard Test Method for Resistance of Rock to Freezing and Thawing. The test shall be performed on a minimum of three (3) specimens.

3.4.7.1 Sampling

Sampling shall conform to criteria previously stated in section 3.4.2 and shall also conform to CRD-C 144 procedures. Samples shall be collected that are representative of the desired rock gradation with a minimum size of 12 inches in any dimension and approximately 25,000 grams (55 pounds) or larger. Prepared specimens subjected to testing shall be at least 7,000 grams (15.4 pounds). The test report submitted for approval shall contain information as required by CRD-C 144 test procedures. Photographs of the stones during various phases of the testing shall be included.

3.4.7.2 Acceptability

The loss at twenty (20) cycles for any individual specimen shall not exceed fifteen (15) percent and the average of all three samples shall not exceed

(10) percent.

3.4.8 Gradation Field Tests

Tests to determine the amount of dirt and fines of less than 1/2-inch maximum cross section and to determine the gradation of the quarried and new stone material shall be performed by the Contractor, under the supervision of the Contracting Officer. An acceptable test shall be required from each different source of stone material and for each specified gradation.

Gradation tests shall be performed in accordance with ASTM D 5519, Test Method A. Tests to determine the amount of dirt and fines of less than 1/2-inch maximum cross section and to determine the gradation of the quarried and new stone material shall be performed by the Contractor, under

SECTION 35 31 19 Page 8 the supervision of the Contracting Officer, by approved methods. A representative sample, consisting of not less than 12 tons, shall be tested at the start of construction operations and at intervals during construction, as directed. A total of one acceptable test shall be required from each different source of stone material and for each specified gradation. These tests shall be performed at the construction site prior to placement of the stone. The test shall be conducted immediately upon request of the Contracting Officer. The Contractor shall plot the results of each test for gradation in relation to the gradation limits envelope specified. The plots shall be made on Engineering Form 4055, furnished by the Contracting Officer, or on a similar form. Results of the field test and the plots shall be furnished to the Contracting Officer prior to placement of the stone. If at any time the material fails to meet the requirements, the Contractor shall adjust his operations to control the amount of dirt and fines to meet the specifications.

3.4.8.1 Test Method

Gradation tests shall be performed in accordance with ASTM D 5519, Test Method A.

3.4.8.2 Test Location

Gradation field tests shall be performed at the construction site prior to placement of the stone. Gradation tests performed by the Contractor at the quarry are encouraged to ensure acceptability but cannot be substituted for gradation field tests at the site.

3.4.8.3 Sample Size and Test Frequency

A representative sample, consisting of not less than 12 tons, shall be tested at the start of construction operations and at intervals during construction, as directed. At a minimum, gradation testing shall be required for each 50,000 tons of material placed during contract execution.

3.4.8.4 Test Schedule

The test shall be conducted immediately upon request of the Contracting Officer. The Contractor shall notify the Contracting Officer not less than 3 work days in advance of scheduling each field test. Attendance of the Government Representative at the gradation test is mandatory unless waived by the Contracting Officer.

3.4.8.5 Acceptability

The Contractor shall plot the results of each test for gradation in relation to the gradation limits envelope specified. The plots shall be made on Engineering Form 4055, furnished by the Contracting Officer, or on a similar form. Results of the field test and the plots shall be furnished to the Contracting Officer prior to placement of the stone.

Failure of the test on the initial sample and on any additional samples will be considered cause for reject of the quarry and/or quarry process, and all stone represented by the failed tests shall be set aside and not

SECTION 35 31 19 Page 9 incorporated into the work. Any additional test required because of the failure of the initial test sample will not be consider as one of the required tests. Test results must be received and approved by the Contracting Officer for use prior to any stone placement. The Contracting Officer may direct additional testing or reject stone furnished to the worksite if the stone appears, by visual inspection, to differ than the tested gradation or quality.

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