Exh B(ii) - DEA Design Criteria Guide - Labs (2018).pdf

Laboratory Design Criteria

Drug Enforcement Administration

Design Criteria (General Guidance)

Project Name: New England Forensic Laboratory

EXHIBIT B(ii)

LESSOR______/ GOVERNMENT______

Introduction

1.1. This document establishes minimum criteria to be used as a framework for the planning and design of laboratory and laboratory support spaces for the DEA. This Design Criteria includes general planning guidelines as well as specific criteria for Architectural, Structural, Mechanical, Plumbing and Electrical systems.

2. Design Approach

2.1. To maximize space utilization and adaptability of the laboratory area, utilize the principles of modular space and systems planning. The development of adaptable facilities is dependent on the application of three principles; modular space and systems planning, adequate systems capacity, and accessibility and/or connectivity of building systems.

2.1.1. Modular planning, carefully executed, enables change and provides flexibility. The discipline of repetitiveness, regularity in size, shape, and arrangement of space provides the ability to convert and/or renovate space with a minimum of disruption. Carefully developed modular planning allows relocation of partitions and doors, and the expansion, subdivision, or reconfiguration of rooms without disruption to adjacent spaces and without altering or shutting down central building utility systems. Carefully organize systems elements in a repetitive modular discipline. Points of connection to each building system must be located at consistent, predetermined, and recurring positions relative to the laboratory module.

2.1.2. The area of laboratory spaces is determined from the planning module grid, which generally fall on the centerline of partitions. Certain dimensions work better in the laboratory environment than others. The laboratory module dimension are typically around 11’-0” wide and 33’-0” in length. The module may be sub-divided to accommodate smaller laboratory support or office spaces as required. The smallest viable fraction of a laboratory module depth is 1/3 of a module, 11’-0” x 11’-0”, or 121 net square feet.

2.1.3. Provide an appropriate systems capacity when planning laboratory systems. The capacity must effectively support the anticipated range of science today and tomorrow. Building systems with adequate capacity allow changes in facility utilization without modification of primary systems components including primary distribution systems, pumps, chillers, fans, etc. Base the design loads on an evaluation of modular systems demand.

2.1.4. Modular laboratory systems design provides greater adaptability by providing consistent point of connection for all laboratory systems relative to the laboratory module (HVAC, piping electrical power, and communications.)

2.1.5. Position the points of connection to provide each laboratory module access to all laboratory systems without disruption of service to adjacent modules

2.1.6. Organize all utilities, including communication and information systems, into zones, both horizontally and vertically, to provide a consistent and an accessible systems distribution concept.

2.1.7. Building systems components must be easily accessible for maintenance and servicing.

Locate components that require regular maintenance in the corridor ceiling spaces or other spaces outside the laboratory module perimeter whenever possible.

2.2. Creating a safe and pleasant quality of life in laboratory facilities contributes directly to productivity, recruitment, and retention of an outstanding faculty. This section describes some of the principle factors significantly affecting the overall quality of life.

2.2.1. Laboratory Density

2.2.1.1. Provision of an adequate amount of laboratory space, laboratory support space, office space and administrative support space is essential to establish an appropriate quality of life and is one of the primary goals of this facility.

2.2.2. Interaction

2.2.2.1. Science is enhanced by communication, interaction and collaboration.

Encouraging interaction is a high priority and must be a sought-after element in the design solution. Carefully nurture organization and relationships that promote interaction in the design process.

2.2.2.2. Interaction spaces must be pleasant and comfortable, designed to encourage analytical staff to leave their laboratory and office from time to time. Experience shows that proximity to coffee stations, toilet rooms, and main corridors makes interaction areas successful.

2.2.3. Safety

2.2.3.1. An important aspect of creating the desired quality of life in the laboratory is creating a safe work environment. In addition to providing an adequate amount of workspace, laboratories must be well ventilated, have proper chemical and biological containment devices, adequate means of egress, and clear aisle space inside the laboratory, and must be equipped with necessary safety devices.

2.2.4. This facility must support all anticipated types of scientific analysis conducted in the facility. Some are extremely sensitive to interference. Interference may occur in a number of forms including; vibration, either structurally borne or acoustic, radio frequency (RF), magnetic fields, dust, odors, or noisy electrical power. Quality of life includes identifying and then isolating sensitive instrumentation from potential sources of interference.

2.3. Comfortable Space

2.3.1. Analysts are more productive in facilities with effective environmental controls, adequate ventilation, mitigation of drafts and other comfort related factors. Building MEP systems must provide good ventilation and adequate environmental control.

2.3.2. Air flow in lab space should be 100% exhausted every 15 minutes

2.4. Lighting

2.4.1. Forensic laboratories require quality lighting for precise work. Lighting must be bright, uniform in nature, and glare free. Position fixtures to provide shadow-free illumination on the laboratory work surfaces. Direct/Indirect lighting fixtures are appropriate.

2.4.2. Introduce natural light into the laboratory to provide opportunity for visual relief and to enhance the work environment. This presents significant planning and functional zoning implications. Whenever possible, the main laboratory spaces and offices are to be located to maximize access to natural daylight.

3. Building Codes, Design Guidelines and Standards

3.1. General

3.1.1. Perform a detailed code search by the beginning of the Schematic Design Phase or once the scope of the project is developed. The information in this section is not the result of a comprehensive code search, but merely a listing of code and standard requirements that have been determined to date.

3.2. Applicable Codes and Standards

3.2.1. Applicable Accrediting Standards; ISO or ASCLD

3.2.2. Latest version of International Building Code (IBC)

3.2.3. Local jurisdiction codes

3.2.4. Adopted Building Codes

3.2.5. Federal Regulations - The following Federal Regulations are not building codes, but may impact the design, construction, and operation of project:

3.2.6. Federal Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (OSHA)

3.2.7. Standards-29 CFR Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Chemicals in Laboratories 1910.1450

3.2.8. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Regulations

3.2.9. Americans with Disabilities Act, Accessibility Guidelines for Buildings and Facilities

3.2.10. Design Guidelines, Standards and References: The latest editions of the following documents are applicable to laboratory building design, in addition to the codes listed above. The list includes, but is not limited to, the following:

3.2.11. NFPA, including the following sections:

3.2.11.1. NFPA 1, Fire Code

3.2.11.2. NFPA 10, Fire Extinguishers

3.2.11.3. NFPA 13, Installation of Sprinkler Systems

3.2.11.4. NFPA 14, Standpipe and Hose Systems

3.2.11.5. NFPA 20, Fire Pumps

3.2.11.6. NFPA 24, Private Fire Mains

3.2.11.7. NFPA 30, Flammable and Combustible Liquids

3.2.11.8. NFPA 45, Fire Protection for Laboratories Using Chemicals

3.2.11.9. NFPA 55, Compressed Gases and Cryogenic Fluids

3.2.11.10. NFPA 70, National Electrical Code

3.2.11.11. NFPA 72, Fire Alarm Code

3.2.11.12. NFPA 90A, Standard for the Installation of Air-Conditioning and Ventilating Systems

3.2.11.13. NFPA 101, Life Safety Code

3.2.12. ASHRAE 110 (Methods of Testing Performance of Laboratory Fume Hoods)

3.2.13. ASHRAE HANDBOOK: HVAC Applications Chapter 14: Laboratories

3.2.14. ANSI Z358.1 Emergency Eyewash and Shower Equipment

3.2.15. ANSI/AIHA Z9.5: Laboratory Ventilation

3.2.16. ACGIH Industrial Ventilation Manual

3.2.17. NIH Guidelines for the Laboratory Use of Chemical Carcinogens, (US DHHS)

3.2.18. Prudent Practices for Handling Hazardous Chemicals in Laboratories, National Research Council, National Academy Press

3.2.19. Safety in Academic Chemistry Laboratories, American Chemical Society

3.2.20. CDC-NIH Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories

3.2.21. Standard Number 49, Class (II) Laminar Flow Biohazard Cabinetry, National Sanitation Foundation

3.2.22. Guidelines for Research Involving Recombinant DNA Molecules, NIH Guidelines, United States Department of Health and Human Services

4. Architectural Systems

4.1. General

4.1.1. Final selection of laboratory wall, floor, and ceiling surfaces must be compatible with the function of the rooms and must yield a satisfactory acoustical environment. All materials must be approved by DEA.

4.1.2. Laboratory Interior Partitions

4.1.2.1. Metal studs and gypsum wallboard, reinforced on the laboratory side to support wall hung devices and shelves. Provide blocking for equipment as required.

4.1.2.2. Fire ratings are to be determined during code review.

4.1.2.3. Recommend painted unit masonry for storage areas requiring durable surfaces and/or structural integrity, i.e., cylinder storage areas and high security areas.

4.2. Laboratory Doors

4.2.1. Swing: In direction of egress

4.2.2. Minimum Width: Provide main door from corridor 3’-6" wide. Interconnecting doors between labs will be 3’-0” wide.

4.2.3. Minimum Height: 7 feet

4.2.4. Vision Panels: Provide wherever feasible

4.2.5. Hardware: Key lock or card key access at most laboratory doors

4.2.6. Security: Any areas requiring specific security requirements (i.e. key card, cypher or biometric) to be defined during Design Development

4.3. Laboratory Ceilings

4.3.1. Minimum ceiling Height: 9’-0"

4.3.2. Ceiling Type:

4.3.2.1. Laboratories must have clean room grade acoustical tile ceiling up to ISO 5 rating.

4.3.2.2. Provide spaces having high levels of humidity (glassware washing) or which require complete darkness (ALS Laboratory) with hard ceilings

4.4. Laboratory Flooring

4.4.1. Provide seamless sheet vinyl with welded seams. Seamless vinyl can be used in glassware washing rooms, but we recommend epoxy coated flooring. Other areas such as receiving or loading dock areas should have trowelled-on epoxy or sealed concrete.

4.5. Laboratory Finishes

4.5.1. In general, semi-gloss enamel interior paint is a satisfactory material for the majority of spaces. Some special finishes may be used for architectural design considerations. Epoxy paint may be required on some selected surfaces.

4.6. Evidence vault

4.6.1. Ceiling construction concrete

4.6.2. Wall construction: reinforced concrete

4.6.3. Class 5 vault door

5. Building Support Areas

5.1. Freight Elevator

5.1.1. Minimum size: 80" x 67" inside cab dimension.

5.1.2. Minimum load capacity: 3000 pounds, with a full door clear opening of 42 inches wide by 7 foot high.

5.2. Loading Dock or Platform

5.2.1. This area includes a variety of functions including, but not limited to: shipping/receiving materials management, storage, distribution, waste disposal, cylinder storage, dispensing, and waste recycling of all materials utilized in the facility.

5.2.1.1. Provide discrete and secure truck access to a dock or loading platform. The dock must be secure and screened from public view.

5.3. Corridors

5.3.1. Minimum size: 6’-0” in width

5.3.2. Minimum ceiling height: 9’-0”

5.3.3. Provide bulletin boards/display cases in laboratory corridors. Provide space for spill kits, air packs, fire blankets, etc.

5.4. Storage

5.4.1. Provide the storage spaces listed in the “Space Requirements” of the Program of Requirements (POR), which may include but not limited to the following:

5.4.1.1. General Storage

5.4.1.2. Administrative storage

5.4.1.3. Clandestine laboratory storage

5.4.1.4. Dry Chemical storage

5.4.1.5. Laboratory storage

5.4.1.6. Volatile solution storage

5.4.1.7. Solvent waste holding

5.4.1.8. Tank storage

5.4.1.9. Glassware supplies

5.4.1.10. Janitorial supplies

5.4.2. Mechanical, Electrical, and Telecommunications (Data) Rooms

5.4.3. Provide adequate space for HVAC, Plumbing and Fire Protection and Electrical Equipment Rooms and vertical chases through the building, including;

5.4.3.1. LAN Room

5.4.4. Refer to Program of Requirements (POR) for a complete list of rooms and square footage required.

6. Furnishings and Equipment Criteria

6.1. Laboratory Furnishings

6.1.1. Perimeter Laboratory Casework: Steel conventional (floor-mounted) with epoxy resin counter

6.1.1.1. Shelving: Steel, adjustable height shelving, supported on cantilevered framing members

6.1.1.2. Work Surface: Epoxy resin

6.1.1.3. Laboratory Sinks and Fixtures: Sinks epoxy resin and fixtures with an epoxy powder coating.

6.1.1.4. Flammable storage cabinets must comply with OSHA Regulations and/or the requirements of NFPA. Provide Factory Mutual (FM) approved or Underwriters Laboratories (UL) listed cabinets. Do not ventilate cabinets unless required by local authorities. Seal vent openings with plugs, supplied by the manufacturer.

6.1.1.5. Corrosives storage cabinets must comply with OSHA Regulations and/or the requirements of NFPA. Provide Factory Mutual (FM) approved or Underwriters Laboratories (UL) listed cabinets. Provide polypropylene vent piping. Under counter cabinet, vent piping to extend above the hood work surface and into the hood.

6.1.1.6. Vacuum pump cabinets: Insulate cabinets to house individual vacuum pumps.

Provide sleeves in the work surface to route the vacuum pump exhaust to the laboratory exhaust system.

6.1.1.7. Tables & Lab benches: Metal frame, Adjustable, fixed height with casters or leveling glides as required.

6.1.1.8. Drying racks: Epoxy racks with removable pegs and drip trough.

6.1.1.9. Umbilical: Vertical service chase used to route piping and conduit from above ceiling to the bench. Umbilical shall have removable sections for easy access to piping and conduit. Removal of sections shall not disturb ceiling or bench top.

6.1.1.10. Gas cylinder restraints and storage: Pre-manufactured or built of channels at two heights with chain restraints.

6.1.1.11. Snorkels: Provide small capturing cones attached to an adjustable exhaust arm, suspended from the wall or ceiling, to capture fumes from equipment or processes.

6.1.1.12. Canopy Hoods: Stainless Steel, suspended from above, to capture heat and/or humidity.

6.2. Laboratory Fume Hoods

6.2.1.1. Provide 6'-0" bench top VAV chemical fume hoods.

6.2.1.2. Sash Configuration: vertical rising sash with the sash operating height at 18 inches open.

6.2.1.3. Sill Configuration: Flush sill

6.2.1.4. Face Velocities: Approximately 100 fpm at operating mode. Review the Facilities Design Guidelines or Standards for specific requirements.

6.2.1.5. Monitors/Alarms: Provide visible and audible alarm that initiates when face velocity drops below 20% or rises above 20% of the operating mode set point.

6.2.1.6. All hoods are expected to operate continuously with VAV control for reduced flows

6.2.2. Hours of Operation: Normal operating hours are between 7:00 AM and 6:00 PM.

Provide a night setback condition to reduce airflow outside of normal working hours.

6.2.3. Provide flammable and/or ventilated acid storage base cabinets below fume hoods.

6.2.4. Consider high performance fume hoods in lieu of conventional fume hoods depending on the fume hood density and heat load requirements of the lab spaces. Recommendations for high performance hoods will occur during Design Development. High performance hoods are typically deeper, operate with a combination sash in the horizontal partial open position, and utilize a lower face velocity when the sash is in the full open vertical position.

6.3. Biological Safety Cabinets

6.3.1. Connect BSC’s to the laboratory exhaust system with a thimble-type connection.

6.3.1.1. Provide a Class II Type B1: 40% air recirculated - 60% exhausted from cabinet;

pulled through dedicated exhaust duct into the laboratory exhaust system.

6.3.1.2. Confirm the actual requirements for BSCs during Design Development.

6.4. Other Equipment

6.4.1. Provide floor mounted stainless steel glassware washer/driers in the glassware washing room

6.4.2. Provide a stainless steel scullery sink in the glassware washing room

7. Structural and Vibration Control Systems

7.1. General

7.1.1. Increasing use of scientific instrumentation with heavy components and increasing sensitivity of instruments to vibration requires a floor live load in excess of code requirements for laboratory spaces.

7.1.2. Design the structural system to mitigate structure borne vibration. Floors must have a maximum velocity of 2000 micro-inches per second.

7.1.3. Place columns within the laboratory space to avoid conflicts with lab benches and/or walkways. A clear span within the depth of the lab is desirable.

7.1.4. If a steel structure is utilized, encasement of columns in concrete or gypsum board is preferred. This prevents damage to instruments from potential ‘dusting’ of sprayed-on insulation and fire protection.

7.1.5. A minimum vertical dimension of 15’-6” from the floor to floor is required to minimize interference in the passage of MEP systems above the ceiling. Coordination between the structural and mechanical engineers is critical.

7.2. Criteria

7.2.1. Live Loads:

7.2.1.1. Suspended Upper Floors: Design floor framing members to support a 125-psf live load. All other aspects of framing system must comply with live load requirements per code.

7.2.1.2. The evidence vault must support 250 psf

7.3. Vibration, Noise and Acoustics

7.3.1. The surface finishes of laboratories are required to be hardwearing, chemically resistant, and easily cleaned. These hard and non-porous surfaces are excessively reverberant.

Reverberant rooms have the following characteristics:

7.3.1.1. High ambient noise level when noise source is in or supplying to room such as a noisy HVAC system or diffusers

7.3.1.2. Limited decrease in the noise level with distance from the noise source

7.3.1.3. Hard to understand speech

7.3.2. Surface Finishes: Where the function of the space allows utilize lay-in acoustical tile ceilings.

7.3.3. Floor Covering: Utilize resilient floor covering such as sheet vinyl.

7.3.4. Noise Criteria: For traditional analytical laboratories, criteria of RC-45 (with fume hoods) and RC-35 (without fume hoods) are common. Laboratories with extreme phone use and staff communication shall be on the lower end of the range to improve the spaces speech intelligibility. Table 1 lists typical noise criteria for some common room functions.

Conference Rooms

25-35

Enclosed Offices 25-35 Open-plan Spaces 30-40 Reception / Waiting 40-45 General Imaging 30-35 General Laboratories 35-40 Laboratories with Fume Hoods 45-50 Laboratory Support Spaces 40-45 Microscopy and Imaging Labs 25-30 Teaching Laboratories 35-45

7.3.5. Vibration Control: Isolate pumps, air handling units, fume hood exhaust fans, associated ductwork and piping from the building structure. Utilize isolation pads, spring mounted supports and flexible connections to reduce potential vibration sources.

7.3.6. Ductwork Noise Control: In general, design ductwork with minimum pressure drops and acceptable duct velocity. Where possible, control fan noise at the source by selecting lower sound generating fans, but if that is not achievable attenuators and acoustic duct, lagging at the fan and/or where the ductwork crosses the mechanical room wall might be required.

Proper selection of diffusers is necessary to avoid noise associated with the HVAC system.

8. Mechanical – HVAC

8.1. Design Conditions

8.1.1. Furnish year-round heating, ventilation and air conditioning. Systems must conform to the State Energy Code. Actual load calculations, fume hood demands, solvent concentrations and equipment heat gain govern the ventilation rate of laboratories.

8.1.2. This facility operates on a-time-of-day schedule

8.1.3. Design the systems to maintain the following design criteria.

Inside Design Dry Bulb Relative Humidity

Summer

74º F ± [2]º F

30-60%

Winter 74º F ± [2]º F 30-60%

8.1.4. Internal Heat Gain

8.1.4.1. Design the facility to the following minimum criteria. Complete calculations during Design Development to confirm the values and/or to establish new values.

8.1.4.1.1. Office and Office Ancillary

Office Lighting

1.0 Watts/SF

Office Equipment 2.0 Watts/SF People (based on 2 people in 150 SF office)

5.0 BTUH/SF Sensible

5.0 BTUH/SF Latent

8.1.4.1.2. Laboratory and Lab Ancillary

Laboratory Lighting

1.5 Watts/SF (includes task lighting)

General Laboratory Equipment 8.0 Watts/SF Instrument Rooms & Special Support Labs

30 Watts/SF

People (based on 1 person in 315 SF lab)

3.0 BTUH/SF Sensible

3.0 BTUH/SF Latent

8.1.4.1.3. Minimum Outside Air Ventilation

General Office, Conference Rooms

15 CFM/Person as calculated by ASHRAE Standard 62.1-Current Edition

Offices within Lab Areas 100% Outside Air Bench Laboratories 100% Outside Air Laboratory Ancillary Areas 100% Outside Air

8.1.5. Minimum Supply and Exhaust Air Rates

8.1.5.1. Determine the required rates based on minimum requirements for heating/cooling cfm, space exhaust cfm, space minimum/maximum ACHR and maintaining a positively pressurized building.

8.2. Office, Office Ancillary and Conference Room

8.2.1. Air can be returned from these spaces

8.2.2. Control Zones check with facilities for standards

8.2.3. Provide each office and conference room with separate temperature control.

8.3. Laboratories and Lab Ancillary

8.3.1. Use 100 percent fresh air supply, filtered with 35 percent efficient pre-filter and 85 percent efficient final filter.

8.3.2. Each laboratory to have separate temperature control

8.4. Air Distribution

8.4.1. Provide a single duct variable volume reheat system. Engineer supply duct for mains and branches using static regain/total pressure method. The systems must conform to the State Energy Code.

8.4.1.1. Configure and control supply fans to provide a variable volume supply of air system as needed for proper lab operation. Provide static pressure reset of all supply fans based on direct feedback from zone requirements.

8.4.1.2. Situate air intakes to prevent reentry of contaminated exhaust air. Study the horizontal and vertical separation of intake and exhaust ports with regard to prevailing wind direction and climate.

8.4.1.3. Maintain all laboratory and lab support rooms containing chemicals or emitting odors and not under special control at a pressure negative to the corridors, sufficient to prevent air escaping from these spaces.

8.4.1.4. Provide a combined (or manifolded) exhaust system designed to remove all of the laboratory air through fume hoods, canopy hoods, safety cabinets, snorkels, general exhaust and/or ceiling grilles. This concept provides maximum adaptability of space, dilution of the exhaust air and economy of operation. Exhaust fans shall have N + 1 redundancy.

8.4.1.5. Discharge exhaust air vertically form safe stack heights at 2500 fpm from safe stack heights. Stack heights shall be minimum 10’ above any adjoining equipment.

Locate fans to prevent reintrainment into air handling unit intakes in this or adjoining buildings.

8.4.1.6. Provide laboratory exhaust fans complying with AMCA Class C standards and coat with chemical resistant materials as a minimum.

8.4.1.7. Select fume hood ductwork for resistance to corrosion from the chemicals exhausted. Ductwork shall be welded stainless steel with no obstructions between devices being exhausted and the fan system including fire or dampers. Spiral ductwork is not allowed. All longitudinal ductwork seams shall be located on the top of the duct.

8.4.1.8. Locate air valves away from the fume hoods to avoid noise generation. All air valves shall be installed in a location fully accessible for maintenance, free of obstructions for all piping, conduit, duct, structure, and any other system. Locate valves where access is NOT above laboratory equipment or systems of any kind, with corridor placement preferred.

8.5. Controls

8.5.1. Design the HVAC system to operate 24-hours-per-day, 7 days per week. Use a variable air volume system to allow for energy savings by reducing air quantity with the fume hood sashes in the lower or closed positions. Operate each laboratory under its own controllers to maintain space offset control.

9. Mechanical – Plumbing/Piped Systems

9.1. Central Systems

9.1.1. Distribute the listed systems to the laboratories on a modular basis:

LW Laboratory Waste

LWV Laboratory Waste Vent HW Hot Water HWR Hot Water Return IHW Industrial Hot Water IHWR Industrial Hot Water Return CW Cold Water ICW Industrial Cold Water

PW

LA

CA

G

Pure Water Lab Air Compressed Instrument Air Natural Gas

9.2. Local Systems

9.2.1. The following services will be used in some laboratories, but not provided as central systems:

HPW High Purity Water from local polisher He N2

Helium Nitrogen

9.3. System Descriptions

9.3.1. Water Systems

9.3.1.1. Analyze the local site water to determine the required water treatment.

9.3.1.2. Cold Water and Industrial Cold Water: Provide reduced pressure backflow preventer to isolate this building from the city system. Provide reduced pressure backflow preventer to create a dedicated industrial cold and hot water (ICW/HW) system. Maintain a minimum pressure to furthest outlet of 50 psig with a maximum pressure being approximately 75 psig.

9.3.1.3. Hot Water and Industrial Hot Water: Generate hot water (HW) and Industrial Hot Water (IHW) at 110 degrees Fahrenheit. If glassware washers or other equipment requires 180 degrees Fahrenheit, the equipment will generate it integrally or in dedicated local systems. Maintain a minimum pressure to furthest outlet of 50 psig a maximum pressure of 75 psig.

9.3.1.4. Purified Water (PW): Supply purified water conforming to CAP II standards to each lab module. Allow 1 gpm for each laboratory outlet. High purity water (10-18 megohm) will be generated locally a Millipore "Super-Q" Polisher to meet specific user needs for low flow situations. Maintain a minimum pressure to furthest outlet of 35 psig and a maximum pressure being of 50 psig.

9.3.2. Piped Gas Systems

9.3.2.1. Compressed Air: Provide compressed air at 120 psig, reduced to 100 psig (A) and 15 psig (LA) when necessary to each lab module. Provide instrument grade to laboratories, generated in oil-free compressors, filtered to remove hydrocarbons and particles in accordance with the "Standard for Quality Instrument Air" as sponsored by the Instrument Society of America (ISA), and dried to a –20 degrees Fahrenheit atmospheric dew point. Consider maintaining air pressure during short power outage.

9.3.2.2. Special Gases (SG): Provide special gas services to all instrument benches and laboratories as required. Supply Helium (He) and Nitrogen (N2) from cylinders housed in Code approved alcove/rooms or adjacent to the point of use. Supply Hydrogen (H2) from Hydrogen Generators located below the instrument benches.

9.4. Distribution Materials

9.4.1. The service distribution mains shall be as follows:

HW, IHW, CW, ICW, A, LA, VAC

Copper with sweat fittings

Gas (G) Black steel with malleable fittings Lab Waste (LW) Fused joint polypropylene and

Duriron below grade Lab Waste Vent (LWV) Fused joint polypropylene (if code approved) Pure Water (PW) Un-pigmented polypropylene or

CPVC

Specialty Gas (SG) Stainless steel tubing

9.5. Distribution Configuration

9.5.1. Provide a double ended distribution loop for all piped services, except waste and vent systems, with sectionalizing valves to facilitate alterations and repair work. Provide tees, valves and caps for all piped services every 2-laboratory modules or every 22’-0”.

10. Electrical – General Systems Criteria

10.1. Building Service and Distribution System

10.2. Office Area Power

10.2.1. Provide general use 120-volt duplex receptacles at workstations.

10.2.2. Connected Load: 5-volt-amperes per net square feet

10.2.3. Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS): to be satisfied locally with owner provided UPS devices.

10.3. Laboratory Area Power

10.3.1. Provide a 120/208 volt, 3-phase power system: 120 volts for general-purpose receptacles & dedicated 120-volt devices; and 208-volt single and 3-phase devices for instruments as required.

10.3.2. Connected Load: 32 volt-amperes per square feet of laboratory area served

10.3.3. Laboratory Panel Boards: Provide panel boards with 30-circuits, 100-amp main, 100-amp bus, minimum or panel boards with 42-circuits, 125-amp main, 225-amp bus, minimum, as the area circuiting dictates. Panel boards shall be 3-phase, 4-wire (with up to 150% rated neutral) plus equipment Ground.

10.3.4. Raceways: Conduit feed for branch circuit homeruns from respective panel board to surface metallic raceways along the perimeter of the room or on island benches or direct conduit feed to individual receptacles as required.

10.3.5. Branch circuit wiring: 120/208-volt, 3-phase, 6-wire (individual neutrals per circuit to compensate for harmonics) plus ground for 20-amp, 120-volt circuits.

10.3.6. Devices:

10.3.6.1. 20-amp, 120-volt, single or duplex receptacles for general purpose or dedicated 20-amp circuits

10.3.6.2. 208-volt, single phase or 3-phase receptacles for specialty equipment at specialty locations as required

10.3.7. Receptacle Wiring:

10.3.7.1. General-purpose convenience 20-amp, 120-volt receptacles run in surface metallic raceways at laboratory benches. Space receptacles 24 inches on center

10.3.7.2. Limit general-purpose convenience 20-amp, 120-volt receptacles to maximum of 4 receptacles per circuit.

10.3.7.3. Alternately, wire groups of general convenience receptacles on multiple circuits fed from one homerun.

10.3.7.4. Assign individual circuits to each dedicated receptacle.

10.3.7.5. Do not use metallic surface raceways and conduits as substitutes for equipment grounding conductors. Provide each run with separate insulated copper conductor sized per Code run together with the branch circuit conductors in the same surface raceway or conduit.

10.3.8. Emergency (Legally Required) and Optional Standby Power:

10.3.8.1. Provide Emergency power using on-site generator for life safety and critical power.

10.3.8.2. Connect Legally Required power and Optional Standby power to the same on-site generator.

10.3.8.3. Provide emergency power with a separate transfer switch from the Legally Required power and Optional Standby Power to establish wiring system separation of the Emergency Power from the Legally Required power and Optional Standby power.

This allows the Legally Required power and Optional Standby power wirings to be combined in the same raceway as the Normal Power wiring.

10.3.8.4. Provide Optional Standby power for select laboratory equipment including environmental rooms, incubators, ultra-low freezers, designated standard refrigerators and freezers. Optional Standby power may also be required for the fume hood exhaust system confirm this requirement with local authorities.

10.3.8.5. UPS or power conditioning will be provided locally by Owner provided UPS devices. There will be no central UPS system.

11. Electrical – Lighting

11.1. Lighting Levels

11.1.1. Provide lighting in accordance with the Illuminating Engineering Society (IES) IL luminance category standard recommendations with recommended foot-candle (FC) lighting levels as follows:

Offices

30-50

Laboratory Areas 50-701 Classrooms 70 Shops 80-100 Corridors, toilets, washrooms 30 Storage, janitor rooms 20 Electrical, mechanical rooms 40

11.1.2. Lighting Fixtures

11.1.2.1. Provide fluorescent fixtures wherever possible using energy saving T-8 or T5 lamps and ballasts. Recommend 20%-40% direct / indirect pendant fixtures suspended 18-24 inches below ceiling for the laboratory spaces.

11.1.2.2. Provide occupancy sensors in research labs. Provide double switching at areas over 1000 square feet.

11.1.2.3. Provide RF suppression filters on all fluorescent lighting fixtures located in instrument laboratory spaces.

11.1.2.4. Task Lighting: Provide fluorescent task lighting at selected locations requiring higher illumination, or incandescent lamps with dimming controls used for special purposes.

12. Telecommunications – Wired Networks

12.1. Pathways

12.1.1. Provide pathways and spaces per Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) / Electronics Industry Association (EIA) recommendations.

12.2. Recommended design criteria are as follows:

12.2.1. Provide a 10' x 11' telecommunication room or closet for every 10,000 square feet of usable building floor area.

12.2.2. Provide one 4-inch conduit / sleeve riser for the same amount of area.

12.2.3. Limit the maximum horizontal run from communications closet to end-user terminal to 90 meters (295 feet).

12.2.4. Provide a minimum of two duplex telecommunication data outlets per workstation.

1 HKS | Earl Walls Associates recommends 80-100 FC depending on specialized laboratory usage. If a lower FC level is used then task lighting may be needed.

12.2.5. Provide cable trays in corridors/hallways.

12.2.6. Provide combination double compartment surface metallic raceways with power in one compartment and telecom in the other compartment at laboratory workstations.

12.2.7. Provide one 1-inch or 1-1/4 inch conduit from individual outlets to the cable trays and 1- 1/4 inch conduits from telecom compartments of surface metallic raceways, to the telecommunications cable trays along hallways/corridors.

12.3. Cabling and Equipment

12.3.1. The owner or owner’s telecommunication consultant will provide the cabling and equipment.

13. Telecommunications – Wireless Data Networks

13.1. Description

13.1.1. Provide a wireless data network consisting of wireless data management switches in the telecommunications rooms, the cabling to the wireless access locations, and the wireless access points and their antennas.

13.2. Wireless Management Switch

13.2.1. Provide the data switch used to manage the traffic through the wireless access point with wireless management software to oversee security, data traffic, and completeness of coverage.

13.3. Communications cabling

13.3.1. Provide (1) Category 6E coaxial cables from the nearest Telecommunications Room to the location of the wireless access point. Use Category 6 E cabling if the wireless access point is powered via power-over-Ethernet (POE), Use 6E cabling if a power injector provides the power.

13.4. Wireless Access Points

13.4.1. The wireless access points can utilize either an integrated or tethered antenna solution.

Provide access points wherever wireless data coverage is required by the owner. Limit the cabling pathway from the access point back to the telecommunications room to no more than 90 meters.

13.4.2. If wireless data coverage is required in laboratory spaces that involve washing or splashing of liquids, place the wireless access points above the ceiling to protect it from moisture.

14. Life Safety Systems

14.1. Fire Suppression System

14.1.1. Provide a fully sprinkled facility.

14.1.2. The majority of the laboratories are ordinary hazard group I classification.

14.1.3. Pre-action, dry pipe systems may be necessary above laboratory instruments.

14.2. Fire Alarm System

14.2.1. Provide a fire alarm signaling system including:

14.2.1.1. Manual stations, visible and audible (bells) devices located along the corridors at no more than 200 feet on center.

14.2.1.2. Ionization type detectors in Instrument type rooms.

14.2.1.3. Smoke, rate-of-rise, and infrared detectors as required.

14.2.2. Provide supervision of the sprinkler system with sprinkler flow switches and PIV. Connect the system to an annunciator panel.

14.2.3. Local Fire Extinguishers: provide dry chemical or CO2 hand extinguishers inside each lab area and in designated safety niches in the corridor

14.3. Emergency Shower/Eyewash Stations

14.3.1. Provide per ANSI Z358.1.

14.3.1.1. Connect the eyewash to drain.

14.3.1.2. Provide emergency showers in each handicap toilet stalls, to facilitate disrobing and showering.

14.4. Drench Hose / Eyewash Units:

14.4.1. Provide combination drench-hose/eyewash units at each major sink in each laboratory.

14.4.2. Provide double spray-headed eyewashes with hands-free operation.