17_SOL_FACE_PAGE_DE-SOL-0010476.pdf

SEE ADDENDUMIS CHECKED

CODE 18a. PAYMENT WILL BE MADE BY

CODE

FACILITYCODE

17b. CHECK IF REMITTANCE IS DIFFERENT AND PUT SUCH ADDRESS IN OFFER

OFFEROR

SNR

114 PARKSHORE DRIVE

SIERRA NEVADA CSR

US DOE/WESTERN AREA POWER

WAPA (SNR)

2N12 CODE 16. ADMINISTERED BYCODE

X

X

524127

SIZE STANDARD:

% FOR:SET ASIDE:UNRESTRICTED ORSNR

RFPIFB

10. THIS ACQUISITION ISCODE

RFQ

14. METHOD OF SOLICITATION

13b. RATING

NAICS:

SMALL BUSINESS

PT916-353-4052Samuel Bon (No collect calls)

INFORMATION CALL:

FOR SOLICITATION 8. OFFER DUE DATE/LOCAL TIMEb. TELEPHONE NUMBER a. NAME

4. ORDER NUMBER3. AWARD/ 6. SOLICITATION

DE-SOL-0010476

5. SOLICITATION NUMBER

SOLICITATION/CONTRACT/ORDER FOR COMMERCIAL ITEMS 1. REQUISITION NUMBER PAGE OF

1 31 OFFEROR TO COMPLETE BLOCKS 12, 17, 23, 24, & 30

FOLSOM CA 95630-4710

TELEPHONE NO.

17a. CONTRACTOR/

ELVERTA CA 95626

7940 SORENTO ROAD

ELVERTA MAINTENANCE FACILITY

US DOE/WESTERN AREA POWER

WAPA (SNR)

15. DELIVER TO

FOLSOM CA 95630-4710

114 PARKSHORE DRIVE

SIERRA NEVADA CSR

US DOE/WESTERN AREA POWER

9. ISSUED BY

7.

2. CONTRACT NO.

EFFECTIVE DATE

$38.50

18b. SUBMIT INVOICES TO ADDRESS SHOWN IN BLOCK 18a UNLESS BLOCK BELOW

ISSUE DATE

DELIVERY FOR FOB DESTINA-

TION UNLESS BLOCK IS

MARKED

11.

SEE SCHEDULE

12. DISCOUNT TERMS

THIS CONTRACT IS A

RATED ORDER UNDER

DPAS (15 CFR 700)

13a.

SERVICE-DISABLED

VETERAN-OWNED

SMALL BUSINESS

HUBZONE SMALL

BUSINESS

8(A)

WAPA (SNR)

WOMEN-OWNED SMALL BUSINESS

(WOSB) ELIGIBLE UNDER THE WOMEN-OWNED

SMALL BUSINESS PROGRAM

EDWOSB

24.

AMOUNT

23.

UNIT PRICE

22.

UNIT

21.

QUANTITY

20.

SCHEDULE OF SUPPLIES/SERVICES

19.

ITEM NO.

Period of Performance: 11/01/2016 - 03/31/2019 Point of Contact: TBD

00001 San Luis Transmission Project (SLTP) Title Work DO in accordance with attached Statement of Work

(Use Reverse and/or Attach Additional Sheets as Necessary)

HEREIN, IS ACCEPTED AS TO ITEMS:

XX

DATED

Eric M. Samuels

. YOUR OFFER ON SOLICITATION (BLOCK 5),

INCLUDING ANY ADDITIONS OR CHANGES WHICH ARE SET FORTH

COPIES TO ISSUING OFFICE. CONTRACTOR AGREES TO FURNISH AND DELIVER

ARE

ARE

31c. DATE SIGNED

27b. CONTRACT/PURCHASE ORDER INCORPORATES BY REFERENCE FAR 52.212-4. FAR 52.212-5 IS ATTACHED. ADDENDA

31a. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (SIGNATURE OF CONTRACTING OFFICER)

30c. DATE SIGNED 31b. NAME OF CONTRACTING OFFICER (Type or print)

ALL ITEMS SET FORTH OR OTHERWISE IDENTIFIED ABOVE AND ON ANY ADDITIONAL

SHEETS SUBJECT TO THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS SPECIFIED.

27a. SOLICITATION INCORPORATES BY REFERENCE FAR 52.212-1, 52.212-4. FAR 52.212-3 AND 52.212-5 ARE ATTACHED. ADDENDA

26. TOTAL AWARD AMOUNT (For Govt. Use Only)

OFFER

STANDARD FORM 1449 (REV. 2/2012)

Prescribed by GSA - FAR (48 CFR) 53.212

ARE NOT ATTACHED.

ARE NOT ATTACHED.

AUTHORIZED FOR LOCAL REPRODUCTION

PREVIOUS EDITION IS NOT USABLE

30b. NAME AND TITLE OF SIGNER (Type or print)

30a. SIGNATURE OF OFFEROR/CONTRACTOR

28. CONTRACTOR IS REQUIRED TO SIGN THIS DOCUMENT AND RETURN

25. ACCOUNTING AND APPROPRIATION DATA

29. AWARD OF CONTRACT:

REF.

32e. MAILING ADDRESS OF AUTHORIZED GOVERNMENT REPRESENTATIVE

32c. DATE 32b. SIGNATURE OF AUTHORIZED GOVERNMENT REPRESENTATIVE

ACCEPTED, AND CONFORMS TO THE CONTRACT, EXCEPT AS NOTED:

32a. QUANTITY IN COLUMN 21 HAS BEEN

RECEIVED INSPECTED

40. PAID BY39. S/R VOUCHER NUMBER38. S/R ACCOUNT NUMBER

37. CHECK NUMBER

FINALPARTIAL

36. PAYMENT

FINALPARTIAL

35. AMOUNT VERIFIED

CORRECT FOR

34. VOUCHER NUMBER33. SHIP NUMBER

COMPLETE

32g. E-MAIL OF AUTHORIZED GOVERNMENT REPRESENTATIVE

42d. TOTAL CONTAINERS42c. DATE REC'D (YY/MM/DD)

42b. RECEIVED AT (Location)

42a. RECEIVED BY (Print)

41c. DATE41b. SIGNATURE AND TITLE OF CERTIFYING OFFICER

41a. I CERTIFY THIS ACCOUNT IS CORRECT AND PROPER FOR PAYMENT

STANDARD FORM 1449 (REV. 2/2012) BACK

24.

AMOUNT

23.

UNIT PRICE

22.

UNIT

21.

QUANTITY

20.

SCHEDULE OF SUPPLIES/SERVICES

19.

ITEM NO.

32f. TELEPHONE NUMBER OF AUTHORIZED GOVERNMENT REPRESENTATIVE

32d. PRINTED NAME AND TITLE OF AUTHORIZED GOVERNMENT REPRESENTATIVE

31 2 of

Section 2 - Section 2

Clauses

52.203-16 Preventing Personal Conflicts of Interest. (DEC 2011)

52.203-17 Contractor Employee Whistleblower Rights and Requirement To Inform Employees of Whistleblower Rights. (APR 2014)

52.204-4 Printed or Copied Double-Sided on Postconsumer Fiber Content Paper. (MAY 2011)

52.209-2 Prohibition on Contracting With Inverted Domestic Corporations-Representation. (NOV 2015)

52.212-4 Contract Terms and Conditions - Commercial Items. (MAY 2015)

52.212-5 Contract Terms and Conditions Required To Implement Statutes or Executive Orders - Commercial Items. (JUN 2016)

(a) The Contractor shall comply with the following Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) clauses, which are incorporated in this contract by reference, to implement provisions of law or Executive orders applicable to acquisitions of commercial items:

(1) 52.209-10, Prohibition on Contracting with Inverted Domestic Corporations (NOV 2015).

(2) 52.233-3, Protest After Award (AUG 1996) (31 U.S.C. 3553).

(3) 52.233-4, Applicable Law for Breach of Contract Claim (OCT 2004) (Public Laws 108-77 and 108-78 (19 U.S.C. 3805 note)).

(b) The Contractor shall comply with the FAR clauses in this paragraph (b) that the Contracting Officer has indicated as being incorporated in this contract by reference to implement provisions of law or Executive orders applicable to acquisitions of commercial items: (Contracting Officer check as appropriate.)

[X] (1) 52.203-6, Restrictions on Subcontractor Sales to the Government (SEP 2006), with Alternate I (OCT 1995) (41 U.S.C. 4704 and 10 U.S.C. 2402).

[ ] (2) 52.203-13, Contractor Code of Business Ethics and Conduct (OCT 2015) (41 U.S.C. 3509).

[ ] (3) 52.203-15, Whistleblower Protections under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (JUN 2010) (Section 1553 of Pub. L. 111-5). (Applies to contracts funded by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009.)

[X] (4) 52.204-10, Reporting Executive Compensation and First-Tier Subcontract Awards (OCT 2015) (Pub. L.

109-282) (31 U.S.C. 6101 note).

(5) (Reserved)

[ ] (6) 52.204-14, Service Contract Reporting Requirements (JAN 2014) (Pub. L. 111-117, section 743 of Div. C).

[ ] (7) 52.204-15, Service Contract Reporting Requirements for Indefinite-Delivery Contracts (JAN 2014) (Pub. L.

111-117, section 743 of Div. C).

[X] (8) 52.209-6, Protecting the Government's Interest When Subcontracting with Contractors Debarred, Suspended, or Proposed for Debarment. (OCT 2015) (31 U.S.C. 6101 note).

[ ] (9) 52.209-9, Updates of Publicly Available Information Regarding Responsibility Matters (JUL 2013) (41 U.S.C. 2313).

[ ] (10) (Reserved)

[ ] (11)(i) 52.219-3, Notice of HUBZone Set-Aside or Sole-Source Award (NOV 2011) (15 U.S.C. 657a).

[ ] (ii) Alternate I (NOV 2011) of 52.219-3.

[X] (12)(i) 52.219-4, Notice of Price Evaluation Preference for HUBZone Small Business Concerns (OCT 2014) (if the offeror elects to waive the preference, it shall so indicate in its offer) (15 U.S.C. 657a).

[ ] (ii) Alternate I (JAN 2011) of 52.219-4.

[ ] (13) (Reserved)

[ ] (14)(i) 52.219-6, Notice of Total Small Business Set-Aside (NOV 2011) (15 U.S.C. 644).

[ ] (ii) Alternate I (NOV 2011).

[ ] (iii) Alternate II (NOV 2011).

[ ] (15)(i) 52.219-7, Notice of Partial Small Business Set-Aside (JUN 2003) (15 U.S.C. 644).

[ ] (ii) Alternate I (OCT 1995) of 52.219-7.

[ ] (iii) Alternate II (MAR 2004) of 52.219-7.

[X] (16) 52.219-8, Utilization of Small Business Concerns (OCT 2014) (15 U.S.C. 637(d)(2) and (3)).

[ ] (17)(i) 52.219-9, Small Business Subcontracting Plan (OCT 2015) (15 U.S.C. 637(d)(4)).

[ ] (ii) Alternate I (OCT 2001) of 52.219-9.

[ ] (iii) Alternate II (OCT 2001) of 52.219-9.

[ ] (iv) Alternate III (OCT 2015) of 52.219-9.

[ ] (18) 52.219-13, Notice of Set-Aside of Orders (NOV 2011) (15 U.S.C. 644(r)).

[ ] (19) 52.219-14, Limitations on Subcontracting (NOV 2011) (15 U.S.C. 637(a)(14)).

[ ] (20) 52.219-16, Liquidated Damages-Subcontracting Plan (JAN 1999) (15 U.S.C. 637(d)(4)(F)(i)).

[ ] (21) 52.219-27, Notice of Service-Disabled Veteran-Owned Small Business Set-Aside (NOV 2011) (15 U.S.C.

657f).

[X] (22) 52.219-28, Post Award Small Business Program Rerepresentation (JUL 2013) (15 U.S.C. 632(a)(2)).

[ ] (23) 52.219-29, Notice of Set-Aside for, or Sole Source Award to, Economically Disadvantaged Women-Owned Small Business Concerns (DEC 2015) (15 U.S.C. 637(m)).

[ ] (24) 52.219-30, Notice of Set-Aside for, or Sole Source Award to, Women-Owned Small Business Concerns Eligible Under the Women-Owned Small Business Program (DEC 2015) (15 U.S.C. 637(m)).

[X] (25) 52.222-3, Convict Labor (JUN 2003) (E.O. 11755).

[X] (26) 52.222-19, Child Labor-Cooperation with Authorities and Remedies (FEB 2016) (E.O. 13126).

[X] (27) 52.222-21, Prohibition of Segregated Facilities (APR 2015).

[X] (28) 52.222-26, Equal Opportunity (APR 2015) (E.O. 11246).

[X] (29) 52.222-35, Equal Opportunity for Veterans (OCT 2015) (38 U.S.C. 4212).

[X] (30) 52.222-36, Equal Opportunity for Workers with Disabilities (JUL 2014) (29 U.S.C. 793).

[X] (31) 52.222-37, Employment Reports on Veterans (FEB 2016) (38 U.S.C. 4212).

[X] (32) 52.222-40, Notification of Employee Rights Under the National Labor Relations Act (DEC 2010) (E.O.

13496).

[X] (33)(i) 52.222-50, Combating Trafficking in Persons (MAR 2015) (22 U.S.C. chapter 78 and E.O. 13627).

[ ] (ii) Alternate I (MAR 2015) of 52.222-50 (22 U.S.C. chapter 78 and E.O. 13627).

[X] (34) 52.222-54, Employment Eligibility Verification (OCT 2015). (E. O. 12989). (Not applicable to the acquisition of commercially available off-the-shelf items or certain other types of commercial items as prescribed in 22.1803.)

[ ] (35)(i) 52.223-9, Estimate of Percentage of Recovered Material Content for EPA-Designated Items (MAY 2008) (42 U.S.C. 6962(c)(3)(A)(ii)). (Not applicable to the acquisition of commercially available off-the-shelf items.)

[ ] (ii) Alternate I (MAY 2008) of 52.223-9 (42 U.S.C. 6962(i)(2)(C)). (Not applicable to the acquisition of commercially available off-the-shelf items.)

[ ](36) 52.223-11, Ozone-Depleting Substances and High Global Warming Potential Hydrofluorocarbons (JUN 2016) (E.O. 13693).

[ ](37) 52.223-12, Maintenance, Service, Repair, or Disposal of Refrigeration Equipment and Air Conditioners (JUN 2016) (E.O. 13693).

[ ] (38)(i) 52.223-13, Acquisition of EPEAT®-Registered Imaging Equipment (JUN 2014) (E.O.s 13423 and 13514).

[ ] (ii) Alternate I (OCT 2015) of 52.223-13.

[ ] (39)(i) 52.223-14, Acquisition of EPEAT®-Registered Televisions (JUN 2014) (E.O.s 13423 and 13514).

(ii) Alternate I (JUN 2014) of 52.223-14.

[ ] (40) 52.223-15, Energy Efficiency in Energy-Consuming Products (DEC 2007) (42 U.S.C. 8259b).

[ ] (41)(i) 52.223-16, Acquisition of EPEAT®-Registered Personal Computer Products (OCT 2015) (E.O.s 13423 and 13514).

[ ](ii) Alternate I (JUN 2014) of 52.223-16.

[X] (42) 52.223-18, Encouraging Contractor Policies to Ban Text Messaging While Driving (AUG 2011)

[ ] (43) 52.223-20, Aerosols (JUN 2016) (E.O. 13693).

[ ] (44) 52.223-21, Foams (JUN 2016) (E.O. 13693).

[X] (45) 52.225-1, Buy American-Supplies (MAY 2014) (41 U.S.C. chapter 83).

[ ] (46)(i) 52.225-3, Buy American-Free Trade Agreements-Israeli Trade Act (MAY 2014) (41 U.S.C. chapter 83, 19 U.S.C. 3301 note, 19 U.S.C. 2112 note, 19 U.S.C. 3805 note, 19 U.S.C. 4001 note, Pub. L. 103-182, 108-77, 108-78, 108-286, 108-302, 109-53, 109-169, 109-283, 110-138, 112-41, 112-42, and 112-43.

[ ] (ii) Alternate I (MAY 2014) of 52.225-3.

[ ] (iii) Alternate II (MAY 2014) of 52.225-3.

[ ] (iv) Alternate III (MAY 2014) of 52.225-3.

[ ] (47) 52.225-5, Trade Agreements (FEB 2016) (19 U.S.C. 2501, et seq., 19 U.S.C. 3301 note).

[X] (48) 52.225-13, Restrictions on Certain Foreign Purchases (JUN 2008) (E.O.'s, proclamations, and statutes administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Department of the Treasury).

[ ] (49) 52.225-26, Contractors Performing Private Security Functions Outside the United States (JUL 2013) (Section 862, as amended, of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2008; 10 U.S.C. 2302 Note).

[ ] (50) 52.226-4, Notice of Disaster or Emergency Area Set-Aside (NOV 2007) (42 U.S.C. 5150).

[ ] (51) 52.226-5, Restrictions on Subcontracting Outside Disaster or Emergency Area (NOV 2007) (42 U.S.C.

5150).

[ ] (52) 52.232-29, Terms for Financing of Purchases of Commercial Items (FEB 2002) (41 U.S.C. 4505, 10 U.S.C.

2307(f)).

[X] (53) 52.232-30, Installment Payments for Commercial Items (OCT 1995) (41 U.S.C. 4505, 10 U.S.C. 2307(f)).

[ ] (54) 52.232-33, Payment by Electronic Funds Transfer-System for Award Management (JUL 2013) (31 U.S.C.

3332).

[ ] (55) 52.232-34, Payment by Electronic Funds Transfer - Other than System for Award Management (JUL 2013) (31 U.S.C. 3332).

[ ] (56) 52.232-36, Payment by Third Party (MAY 2014) (31 U.S.C. 3332).

[ ] (57) 52.239-1, Privacy or Security Safeguards (AUG 1996) (5 U.S.C. 552a).

[ ] (58)(i) 52.247-64, Preference for Privately Owned U.S.-Flag Commercial Vessels (FEB 2006) (46 U.S.C. Appx.

1241(b) and 10 U.S.C. 2631).

[ ] (ii) Alternate I (APR 2003) of 52.247-64.

(c) The Contractor shall comply with the FAR clauses in this paragraph (c), applicable to commercial services, that the Contracting Officer has indicated as being incorporated in this contract by reference to implement provisions of law or Executive orders applicable to acquisitions of commercial items: (Contracting Officer check as appropriate.)

[ ] (1) 52.222-17, Nondisplacement of Qualified Workers (MAY 2014) (E.O. 13495).

[ ] (2) 52.222-41, Service Contract Labor Standards (MAY 2014) (41 U.S.C. chapter 67).

[ ] (3) 52.222-42, Statement of Equivalent Rates for Federal Hires (MAY 2014) (29 U.S.C. 206 and 41 U.S.C.

chapter 67).

[ ] (4) 52.222-43, Fair Labor Standards Act and Service Contract Labor Standards-Price Adjustment (Multiple Year and Option Contracts) (MAY 2014) (29 U.S.C. 206 and 41 U.S.C. chapter 67).

[ ] (5) 52.222-44, Fair Labor Standards Act and Service Contract Labor Standards-Price Adjustment (MAY 2014) (29 U.S.C 206 and 41 U.S.C. chapter 67).

[X] (6) 52.222-51, Exemption from Application of the Service Contract Labor Standards to Contracts for Maintenance, Calibration, or Repair of Certain Equipment-Requirements (MAY 2014) (41 U.S.C. chapter 67).

[ ] (7) 52.222-53, Exemption from Application of the Service Contract Labor Standards to Contracts for Certain Services-Requirements (MAY 2014) (41 U.S.C. chapter 67).

[ ] (8) 52.222-55, Minimum Wages Under Executive Order 13658 (DEC 2015).

[ ] (9) 52.226-6, Promoting Excess Food Donation to Nonprofit Organizations (MAY 2014) (42 U.S.C. 1792).

[ ] (10) 52.237-11, Accepting and Dispensing of $1 Coin (SEP 2008) (31 U.S.C. 5112(p)(1)).

(d) Comptroller General Examination of Record. The Contractor shall comply with the provisions of this paragraph (d) if this contract was awarded using other than sealed bid, is in excess of the simplified acquisition threshold, and does not contain the clause at 52.215-2, Audit and Records - Negotiation.

(1) The Comptroller General of the United States, or an authorized representative of the Comptroller General, shall have access to and right to examine any of the Contractor's directly pertinent records involving transactions related to this contract.

(2) The Contractor shall make available at its offices at all reasonable times the records, materials, and other evidence for examination, audit, or reproduction, until 3 years after final payment under this contract or for any shorter period specified in FAR Subpart 4.7, Contractor Records Retention, of the other clauses of this contract. If this contract is completely or partially terminated, the records relating to the work terminated shall be made available for 3 years after any resulting final termination settlement. Records relating to appeals under the disputes clause or to litigation or the settlement of claims arising under or relating to this contract shall be made available until such appeals, litigation, or claims are finally resolved.

(3) As used in this clause, records include books, documents, accounting procedures and practices, and other data, regardless of type and regardless of form. This does not require the Contractor to create or maintain any record that the Contractor does not maintain in the ordinary course of business or pursuant to a provision of law.

(e)(1) Notwithstanding the requirements of the clauses in paragraphs (a), (b), (c), and (d) of this clause, the Contractor is not required to flow down any FAR clause, other than those in this paragraph (e)(1) of this paragraph in a subcontract for commercial items. Unless otherwise indicated below, the extent of the flow down shall be as required by the clause-

(i) 52.203-13, Contractor Code of Business Ethics and Conduct (OCT 2015) (41 U.S.C. 3509).

(ii) 52.219-8, Utilization of Small Business Concerns (OCT 2014) (15 U.S.C. 637(d)(2) and (3)), in all subcontracts that offer further subcontracting opportunities. If the subcontract (except subcontracts to small business concerns) exceeds $700,000 ($1.5 million for construction of any public facility), the subcontractor must include 52.219-8 in lower tier subcontracts that offer subcontracting opportunities.

(iii) 52.222-17, Nondisplacement of Qualified Workers (MAY 2014) (E.O. 13495). Flow down required in accordance with paragraph (l) of FAR clause 52.222-17.

(iv) 52.222-21, Prohibition of Segregated Facilities (APR 2015).

(v) 52.222-26, Equal Opportunity (APR 2015) (E.O. 11246).

(vi) 52.222-35, Equal Opportunity for Veterans (OCT 2015) (38 U.S.C. 4212).

(vii) 52.222-36, Equal Opportunity for Workers with Disabilities (JUL 2014) (29 U.S.C. 793).

(viii) 52.222-37, Employment Reports on Veterans (FEB 2016) (38 U.S.C. 4212).

(ix) 52.222-40, Notification of Employee Rights Under the National Labor Relations Act (DEC 2010) (E.O. 13496). Flow down required in accordance with paragraph (f) of FAR clause 52.222-40.

(x) 52.222-41, Service Contract Labor Standards (MAY 2014) (41 U.S.C. chapter 67).

(xi) [ ] (A) 52.222-50, Combating Trafficking in Persons (MAR 2015) (22 U.S.C. chapter 78 and E.O.

13627).

[ ] (B) Alternate I (MAR 2015) of 52.222-50 (22 U.S.C. chapter 78 and E.O. 13627).

(xii) 52.222-51, Exemption from Application of the Service Contract Labor Standards to Contracts for Maintenance, Calibration, or Repair of Certain Equipment-Requirements (MAY 2014) (41 U.S.C. chapter 67).

(xiii) 52.222-53, Exemption from Application of the Service Contract Labor Standards to Contracts for Certain Services-Requirements (MAY 2014) (41 U.S.C. chapter 67).

(xiv) 52.222-54, Employment Eligibility Verification (OCT 2015) (E. O. 12989).

(xv) 52.222-55, Minimum Wages Under Executive Order 13658 (DEC 2015).

(xvi) 52.225-26, Contractors Performing Private Security Functions Outside the United States (JUL 2013) (Section 862, as amended, of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2008; 10 U.S.C. 2302 Note).

(xvii) 52.226-6, Promoting Excess Food Donation to Nonprofit Organizations (MAY 2014) (42 U.S.C.

1792). Flow down required in accordance with paragraph (e) of FAR clause 52.226-6.

(xviii) 52.247-64, Preference for Privately Owned U.S.-Flag Commercial Vessels (FEB 2006) (46 U.S.C.

Appx. 1241(b) and 10 U.S.C. 2631). Flow down required in accordance with paragraph (d) of FAR clause 52.247-64.

(2) While not required, the Contractor May include in its subcontracts for commercial items a minimal number of additional clauses necessary to satisfy its contractual obligations.

(End of clause)

52.217-8 Option to Extend Services. (NOV 1999)

The Government may require continued performance of any services within the limits and at the rates specified in the contract. These rates may be adjusted only as a result of revisions to prevailing labor rates provided by the Secretary of Labor. The option provision may be exercised more than once, but the total extension of performance hereunder shall not exceed 6 months. The Contracting Officer may exercise the option by written notice to the Contractor within 30 days.

(End of clause)

52.224-1 Privacy Act Notification. (APR 1984)

52.224-2 Privacy Act. (APR 1984)

52.232-18 Availability of Funds. (APR 1984)

52.232-40 Providing Accelerated Payments to Small Business Subcontractors. (DEC 2013)

52.233-1 Disputes. (MAY 2014)

52.233-4 Applicable Law for Breach of Contract Claim. (OCT 2004)

52.237-3 Continuity of Services. (JAN 1991)

52.242-15 Stop-Work Order. (AUG 1989)

52.252-2 Clauses Incorporated by Reference. (FEB 1998)

This contract incorporates one or more clauses by reference, with the same force and effect as if they were given in full text. Upon request, the Contracting Officer will make their full text available. Also, the full text of a clause may be accessed electronically at this/these address(es): http://farsite.hill.af.mil/

(End of clause) http://farsite.hill.af.mil/

952.202-1 Definitions.

952.242-70 Technical Direction. (DEC 2000)

DOE-C-2001 Statement of Work (OCT 2014)

See attachments

DOE-C-2003 Reports (OCT 2014)

The Contractor shall prepare and submit reports in accordance with Attachment SOW in Section J, and as specified in other clauses in the contract.

DOE-F-2003 Period of Performance (OCT 2014)

The Contractor shall commence performance of this contract in accordance with the contract terms and conditions on 11/01/2016 and continue through 03/31/2019.

DOE-F-2004 Delivery Point (OCT 2014)

(a) Delivery of all items under this contract shall be made to the following address:

TBD at time of award

(b) Delivery for the purpose of inspection, acceptance and the Prompt Payment Act must be through the above shipping address unless another location has been authorized by the Contracting Officer. If delivery is made to another location without authorization from the Contracting Officer, a delivery for the purposes of the Prompt Payment Act has not occurred and no interest penalty under the Act shall result.

DOE-G-2001 Contracting Officer Authority (OCT 2014)

The Contracting Officer is responsible for administration of the contract. The Contracting Officer may appoint a Contracting Officer’s Representative (COR), in accordance with the clause entitled Contracting Officer’s Representative, to perform specifically delegated functions. The Contracting Officer is the only individual who has the authority on behalf of the Government, among other things, to take the following actions under the contract:

(a) Assign additional work within the general scope of the contract.

(b) Issue a change in accordance with the clause entitled Changes.

(c) Change the cost or price of the contract.

(d) Change any of the terms, conditions, specifications, or services required by the contract.

(e) Accept non-conforming work.

(f) Waive any requirement of the contract.

DOE-G-2002 Contracting Officer’s Representative (OCT 2014)

Pursuant to the clause at DEAR 952.242-70, Technical Direction, the Contracting Officer shall designate in writing a Contracting Officer’s Representative (COR) for this contract, and provide a copy of such designation to the contractor, including the delegated responsibilities and functions. The COR does not have authority to perform those functions reserved exclusively for the Contracting Officer.

DOE-G-2008 Non-supervision of Contractor Employees (OCT 2014)

The Government shall not exercise any supervision or control over Contractor employees performing services under this contract. The Contractor's employees shall be held accountable solely to the Contractor's management, who in turn is responsible for contract performance to the Government.

DOE-H-2013 Consecutive Numbering (OCT 2014)

Due to automated procedures employed in formulating this document, clauses and provisions contained within may not always be consecutively numbered.

(End of clause)

DOE-H-2018 Privacy Act System of Records (OCT 2014)

The Contractor shall design, develop, or adopt the following systems of records on individuals to accomplish an agency function pursuant to the Section I clause entitled, "FAR 52.224-2, Privacy Act."

DOE-H-2033 Alternative Dispute Resolution (OCT 2014)

(a) The DOE and the Contractor both recognize that methods for fair and efficient resolution of contractual issues in controversy by mutual agreement are essential to the successful and timely completion of contract requirements. Accordingly, DOE and the Contractor shall use their best efforts to informally resolve any contractual issue in controversy by mutual agreement. Issues of controversy may include a dispute, claim, question, or other disagreement. The parties agree to negotiate with each other in good faith, recognizing their mutual interests, and attempt to reach a just and equitable solution satisfactory to both parties.

(b) If a mutual agreement cannot be reached through negotiations within a reasonable period of time, the parties may use a process of alternate dispute resolution (ADR) in accordance with the clause at FAR 52.233-1, Disputes. The ADR process may involve mediation, facilitation, fact-finding, group conflict management, and conflict coaching by a neutral party. The neutral party may be an individual, a board comprised of independent experts, or a company with specific expertise in conflict resolution or expertise in the specific area of controversy. The neutral party will not render a binding decision, but will assist the parties in reaching a mutually satisfactory agreement. Any opinions of the neutral party shall not be admissible in evidence in any subsequent litigation proceedings.

(c) Either party may request that the ADR process be used. The Contractor shall make a written request to the Contracting Officer, and the Contracting Officer shall make a written request to the appropriate official of the Contractor. A voluntary election by both parties is required to participate in the ADR process. The parties must agree on the procedures and terms of the process, and officials of both parties who have the authority to resolve the issue must participate in the agreed upon process.

(d) ADR procedures may be used at any time that the Contracting Officer has the authority to resolve the issue in controversy. If a claim has been submitted by the Contractor, ADR procedures may be applied to all or a portion of the claim. If ADR procedures are used subsequent to issuance of a Contracting Officer’s final decision under the clause at FAR 52.233-1, Disputes, their use does not alter any of the time limitations or procedural requirements for filing an appeal of the Contracting Officer’s final decision and does not constitute reconsideration of the final decision.

(e) If the Contracting Officer rejects the Contractor’s request for ADR proceedings, the Contracting Officer shall provide the Contractor with a written explanation of the specific reasons the ADR process is not appropriate for the resolution of the dispute. If the Contractor rejects the Contracting Officer’s request to use ADR procedures, the Contractor shall provide the Contracting Officer with the reasons for rejecting the request.

DOE-H-2047 Federal Holidays and Other Closures (OCT 2014)

(a) Designated Federal holidays. Federal employees observe the following Federal holidays:

(1) New Year’s Day

(2) Birthday of Martin Luther King, Jr.

(3) Washington’s Birthday

(4) Memorial Day

(5) Independence Day

(6) Labor Day

(7) Columbus Day

(8) Veterans Day

(9) Thanksgiving Day

(10) Christmas Day

Generally, Federal holidays that fall on Saturday are observed on the preceding Friday; and holidays that fall on Sunday are observed on the following Monday. The exact calendar day and/or date on which any of the listed holidays are observed may change year to year.

(b) Other Federal Holidays. In addition to the holidays specified above in paragraph (a), Federal employees may observe other holidays designated by Federal Statute, Executive Order, or Presidential Proclamation as a one-time, day-off such as Inauguration Day for the President of the United States.

(c) Unscheduled closures. Occasionally, an individual Federally-owned or -controlled site or facility will be closed or have an early closure on a normal work day for other reasons such as inclement weather or facility conditions. If an unplanned closure occurs, the Contractor will be notified as soon as possible after the determination that the Federally-owned or -controlled site or facility will be closed.

(d) The Contractor shall provide the services required by the contract at Federally-owned or –controlled sites or facilities on all regularly scheduled Federal work days and other days as may be required by the contract. The Contractor shall not provide the services required by the contract on those days, or portions thereof, specified in paragraphs (a), (b) and (c), except as required under paragraph (e). Accordingly, the Contractor’s employees, whose regular duty station in performance of this contract is a Federally-owned or controlled site or facility, shall not be granted access to the facility during those times specified in paragraphs (a), (b) and (c), unless required by paragraph (e) below.

(e) There may be times that the Contractor is required to perform the services required by the contract on a Federal holiday or other closure times. In the event that such performance is required, the Contracting Officer will notify the Contractor, in writing, and specify the extent to which performance of the contract will be required. The Contractor shall provide sufficient personnel to perform the contractually-required work on those days, as directed by the Contracting Officer.

(f) In accordance with the payment and other applicable clauses of the contract, the Government will not pay the Contractor for its employees’ regularly scheduled work hours not actually provided directly in performance of the contract due to an unscheduled closure as contemplated in paragraphs (b) and (c) above.

DOE-H-2076 LOBBYING RESTRICTIONS (OCT 2014)

The Contractor agrees that none of the funds obligated on this award shall be expended, directly or indirectly, to influence congressional action on any legislation or appropriation matters pending before Congress, other than to communicate to Members of Congress as described in 18 U.S.C. § 1913. This restriction is in addition to those prescribed elsewhere in statute and regulation.

(End of clause)

DOE-J-2001 List of Attachments (OCT 2015)

The following attachments constitute part of this contract:

Attachment Description 1 17 Attachment#1 SOW

WES-H-1035 SAFETY AND HEALTH - MINIMAL RISK (WAPA, MAY 2005)

In performing the work required by this contract, the Contractor shall comply with all applicable Federal, State, or local safety, health, or industrial safety codes including the latest effective standards promulgated by the Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration; Safety and Health Standards 29 CFR 1910, 29 CFR 1925; and the Construction Safety and Health regulations promulgated under Section 107 of the Contract Work Hours and Safety Standards Act, 29 CFR 1926. If there is a conflict between the requirements of the applicable Federal, State, or local safety, health, or industrial safety codes, the more stringent requirements shall prevail. For any cranes used in the performance of this contract, a copy of the crane inspection records shall be furnished to Western's on-site representative prior to the performance of work. The United States is liable only for negligence on the part of its employees in accordance with the Federal Tort Claims Act, as amended.

Section 4 - Section 4

Clauses

52.216-1 Type of Contract. (APR 1984)

The Government contemplates award of a Firm Fixed Price contract resulting from this solicitation.

(End of provision)

52.209-5 Certification Regarding Responsibility Matters. (OCT 2015)

(a)(1) The Offeror certifies, to the best of its knowledge and belief, that-

(i) The Offeror and/or any of its Principals-

(A) Are [ ] are not [ ] presently debarred, suspended, proposed for debarment, or declared ineligible for the award of contracts by any Federal agency;

(B) Have [ ] have not [ ], within a three-year period preceding this offer, been convicted of or had a civil judgment rendered against them for: commission of fraud or a criminal offense in connection with obtaining, attempting to obtain, or performing a public (Federal, State, or local) contract or subcontract; violation of Federal or State antitrust statutes relating to the submission of offers; or commission of embezzlement, theft, forgery, bribery, falsification or destruction of records, making false statements, tax evasion, violating Federal criminal tax laws, or receiving stolen property (if offeror checks "have", the offeror shall also see 52.209-7, if included in this solicitation);

(C) Are [ ] are not [ ] presently indicted for, or otherwise criminally or civilly charged by a governmental entity with, commission of any of the offenses enumerated in subdivision (a)(1)(i)(B) of this provision; and

(D) Have [ ], have not [ ], within a three-year period preceding this offer, been notified of any delinquent Federal taxes in an amount that exceeds $3,500 for which the liability remains unsatisfied.

(1) Federal taxes are considered delinquent if both of the following criteria apply:

(i) The tax liability is finally determined. The liability is finally determined if it has been assessed. A liability is not finally determined if there is a pending administrative or judicial challenge. In the case of a judicial challenge to the liability, the liability is not finally determined until all judicial appeal rights have been exhausted.

(ii) The taxpayer is delinquent in making payment. A taxpayer is delinquent if the taxpayer has failed to pay the tax liability when full payment was due and required. A taxpayer is not delinquent in cases where enforced collection action is precluded.

(2) Examples. (i) The taxpayer has received a statutory notice of deficiency, under I.R.C.

Sec. 6212, which entitles the taxpayer to seek Tax Court review of a proposed tax deficiency. This is not a delinquent tax because it is not a final tax liability. Should the taxpayer seek Tax Court review, this will not be a final tax liability until the taxpayer has exercised all judicial appeal rights.

(ii) The IRS has filed a notice of Federal tax lien with respect to an assessed tax liability, and the taxpayer has been issued a notice under I.R.C. Sec. 6320 entitling the taxpayer to request a hearing with the IRS Office of Appeals contesting the lien filing, and to further appeal to the Tax Court if the IRS determines to sustain the lien filing. In the course of the hearing, the taxpayer is entitled to contest the underlying tax liability because the taxpayer has had no prior opportunity to contest the liability. This is not a delinquent tax because it is not a final tax liability. Should the taxpayer seek tax court review, this will not be a final tax liability until the taxpayer has exercised all judicial appeal rights.

(iii) The taxpayer has entered into an installment agreement pursuant to I.R.C.

Sec. 6159. The taxpayer is making timely payments and is in full compliance with the agreement terms. The taxpayer is not delinquent because the taxpayer is not currently required to make full payment.

(iv) The taxpayer has filed for bankruptcy protection. The taxpayer is not delinquent because enforced collection action is stayed under 11 U.S.C. 362 (the Bankruptcy Code).

(ii) The Offeror has [ ] has not [ ], within a 3-year period preceding this offer, had one or more contracts terminated for default by any Federal agency.

(2) Principal, for the purposes of this certification, means an officer, director, owner, partner, or a person having primary management or supervisory responsibilities within a business entity (e.g., general manager; plant manager;

head of a division or business segment; and similar positions).

(b) The Offeror shall provide immediate written notice to the Contracting Officer if, at any time prior to contract award, the Offeror learns that its certification was erroneous when submitted or has become erroneous by reason of changed circumstances.

(c) A certification that any of the items in paragraph (a) of this provision exists will not necessarily result in withholding of an award under this solicitation. However, the certification will be considered in connection with a determination of the Offeror's responsibility. Failure of the Offeror to furnish a certification or provide such additional information as requested by the Contracting Officer may render the Offeror nonresponsible.

(d) Nothing contained in the foregoing shall be construed to require establishment of a system of records in order to render, in good faith, the certification required by paragraph (a) of this provision. The knowledge and information of an Offeror is not required to exceed that which is normally possessed by a prudent person in the ordinary course of business dealings.

(e) The certification in paragraph (a) of this provision is a material representation of fact upon which reliance was placed when making award. If it is later determined that the Offeror knowingly rendered an erroneous certification, in addition to other remedies available to the Government, the Contracting Officer may terminate the contract resulting from this solicitation for default.

(End of provision)

52.209-10 Prohibition on Contracting With Inverted Domestic Corporations. (NOV 2015)

52.212-1 Instructions to Offerors - Commercial Items. (OCT 2015)

(a) North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and small business size standard. The NAICS code and small business size standard for this acquisition appear in Block 10 of the solicitation cover sheet (SF 1449). However, the small business size standard for a concern which submits an offer in its own name, but which proposes to furnish an item which it did not itself manufacture, is 500 employees.

(b) Submission of offers. Submit signed and dated offers to the office specified in this solicitation at or before the exact time specified in this solicitation. Offers may be submitted on the SF 1449, letterhead stationery, or as otherwise specified in the solicitation. As a minimum, offers must show-

(1) The solicitation number;

(2) The time specified in the solicitation for receipt of offers;

(3) The name, address, and telephone number of the offeror;

(4) 52.204-10, Reporting Executive Compensation and First-Tier Subcontract Awards (FEB 2012) (Pub. L. 109-

282) (31 U.S.C. 6101 note).

(5) Terms of any express warranty;

(6) Price and any discount terms;

(7) "Remit to" address, if different than mailing address;

(8) A completed copy of the representations and certifications at FAR 52.212-3 (see FAR 52.212-3(b) for those representations and certifications that the offeror shall complete electronically);

(9) Acknowledgment of Solicitation Amendments;

(10) Past performance information, when included as an evaluation factor, to include recent and relevant contracts for the same or similar items and other references (including contract numbers, points of contact with telephone numbers and other relevant information); and

(11) If the offer is not submitted on the SF 1449, include a statement specifying the extent of agreement with all terms, conditions, and provisions included in the solicitation. Offers that fail to furnish required representations or information, or reject the terms and conditions of the solicitation may be excluded from consideration.

(c) Period for acceptance of offers. The offeror agrees to hold the prices in its offer firm for 30 calendar days from the date specified for receipt of offers, unless another time period is specified in an addendum to the solicitation.

(d) Product samples. When required by the solicitation, product samples shall be submitted at or prior to the time specified for receipt of offers. Unless otherwise specified in this solicitation, these samples shall be submitted at no expense to the Government, and returned at the sender's request and expense, unless they are destroyed during preaward testing.

(e) Multiple offers. Offerors are encouraged to submit multiple offers presenting alternative terms and conditions or commercial items for satisfying the requirements of this solicitation. Each offer submitted will be evaluated separately.

(f) Late submissions, modifications, revisions, and withdrawals of offers. (1) Offerors are responsible for submitting offers, and any modifications, revisions, or withdrawals, so as to reach the Government office designated in the solicitation by the time specified in the solicitation. If no time is specified in the solicitation, the time for receipt is 4:30 p.m., local time, for the designated Government office on the date that offers or revisions are due.

(2)(i) Any offer, modification, revision, or withdrawal of an offer received at the Government office designated in the solicitation after the exact time specified for receipt of offers is "late" and will not be considered unless it is received before award is made, the Contracting Officer determines that accepting the late offer would not unduly delay the acquisition; and-

(A) If it was transmitted through an electronic commerce method authorized by the solicitation, it was received at the initial point of entry to the Government infrastructure not later than 5:00 p.m.

one working day prior to the date specified for receipt of offers; or

(B) There is acceptable evidence to establish that it was received at the Government installation designated for receipt of offers and was under the Government's control prior to the time set for receipt of offers; or

(C) If this solicitation is a request for proposals, it was the only proposal received.

(ii) However, a late modification of an otherwise successful offer, that makes its terms more favorable to the Government, will be considered at any time it is received and may be accepted.

(3) Acceptable evidence to establish the time of receipt at the Government installation includes the time/date stamp of that installation on the offer wrapper, other documentary evidence of receipt maintained by the installation, or oral testimony or statements of Government personnel.

(4) If an emergency or unanticipated event interrupts normal Government processes so that offers cannot be received at the Government office designated for receipt of offers by the exact time specified in the solicitation, and urgent Government requirements preclude amendment of the solicitation or other notice of an extension of the closing date, the time specified for receipt of offers will be deemed to be extended to the same time of day specified in the solicitation on the first work day on which normal Government processes resume.

(5) Offers may be withdrawn by written notice received at any time before the exact time set for receipt of offers.

Oral offers in response to oral solicitations may be withdrawn orally. If the solicitation authorizes facsimile offers, offers may be withdrawn via facsimile received at any time before the exact time set for receipt of offers, subject to the conditions specified in the solicitation concerning facsimile offers. An offer may be withdrawn in person by an offeror or its authorized representative if, before the exact time set for receipt of offers, the identity of the person requesting withdrawal is established and the person signs a receipt for the offer.

(g) Contract award (not applicable to Invitation for Bids). The Government intends to evaluate offers and award a contract without discussions with offerors. Therefore, the offeror's initial offer should contain the offeror's best terms from a price and technical standpoint. However, the Government reserves the right to conduct discussions if later determined by the Contracting Officer to be necessary. The Government may reject any or all offers if such action is in the public interest;

accept other than the lowest offer; and waive informalities and minor irregularities in offers received.

(h) Multiple awards. The Government may accept any item or group of items of an offer, unless the offeror qualifies the offer by specific limitations. Unless otherwise provided in the Schedule, offers may not be submitted for quantities less than those specified. The Government reserves the right to make an award on any item for a quantity less than the quantity offered, at the unit prices offered, unless the offeror specifies otherwise in the offer.

(i) Availability of requirements documents cited in the solicitation. (1)(i) The GSA Index of Federal Specifications, Standards and Commercial Item Descriptions, FPMR Part 101-29, and copies of specifications, standards, and commercial item descriptions cited in this solicitation may be obtained for a fee by submitting a request to- GSA Federal Supply Service Specifications Section, Suite 8100, 470 East L'Enfant Plaza, SW, Washington, DC 20407, Telephone (202) 619-8925, Facsimile (202) 619-8978.

(ii) If the General Services Administration, Department of Agriculture, or Department of Veterans Affairs issued this solicitation, a single copy of specifications, standards, and commercial item descriptions cited in this solicitation may be obtained free of charge by submitting a request to the addressee in paragraph (i)(1)(i) of this provision. Additional copies will be issued for a fee.

(2) Most unclassified Defense specifications and standards may be downloaded from the following ASSIST websites:

(i) ASSIST (https://assist.dla.mil/online/start/).

(ii) Quick Search (http://quicksearch.dla.mil/).

(iii) ASSISTdocs.com (http://assistdocs.com).

(3) Documents not available from ASSIST may be ordered from the Department of Defense Single Stock Point (DoDSSP) by-

(i) Using the ASSIST Shopping Wizard (https://assist.dla.mil/wizard/index.cfm);

(ii) Phoning the DoDSSP Customer Service Desk (215) 697-2179, Mon-Fri, 0730 to 1600 EST; or

(iii) Ordering from DoDSSP, Building 4, Section D, 700 Robbins Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Telephone (215) 697-2667/2179, Facsimile (215) 697-1462.

(4) Nongovernment (voluntary) standards must be obtained from the organization responsible for their preparation, publication, or maintenance.

(j) Data Universal Numbering System (DUNS) Number. (Applies to all offers exceeding $3,500, and offers of $3,500 or less if the solicitation requires the Contractor to be registered in the System for Award Management (SAM) database. The offeror shall enter, in the block with its name and address on the cover page of its offer, the annotation "DUNS" or "DUNS +4" followed by the DUNS or DUNS +4 number that identifies the offeror's name and address. The DUNS +4 is the DUNS number plus a 4-character suffix that may be assigned at the discretion of the offeror to establish additional SAM records for identifying alternative Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT) accounts (see FAR Subpart 32.11) for the same concern. If the offeror does not have a DUNS number, it should contact Dun and Bradstreet directly to obtain one. An offeror within the United States may contact Dun and Bradstreet by calling 1-866-705-5711 or via the internet at http://fedgov.dnb.com/webform. An offeror located outside the United States must contact the local Dun and Bradstreet office for a DUNS number. The offeror should indicate that it is an offeror for a Government contract when contacting the local Dun and Bradstreet office.

(k) System for Award Management. Unless exempted by an addendum to this solicitation, by submission of an offer, the offeror acknowledges the requirement that a prospective awardee shall be registered in the SAM database prior to award, during performance and through final payment of any contract resulting from this solicitation. If the Offeror does not become registered in the SAM database in the time prescribed by the Contracting Officer, the Contracting Officer will proceed to award to the next otherwise successful registered Offeror. Offerors may obtain information on registration and annual confirmation requirements via the SAM database accessed through https://www.acquisition.gov.

(l) Debriefing. If a post-award debriefing is given to requesting offerors, the Government shall disclose the following information, if applicable:

(1) The agency's evaluation of the significant weak or deficient factors in the debriefed offeror's offer.

(2) The overall evaluated cost or price and technical rating of the successful and the debriefed offeror and past performance information on the debriefed offeror.

(3) The overall ranking of all offerors, when any ranking was developed by the agency during source selection.

(4) A summary of the rationale for award;

(5) For acquisitions of commercial items, the make and model of the item to be delivered by the successful offeror.

(6) Reasonable responses to relevant questions posed by the debriefed offeror as to whether source-selection procedures set forth in the solicitation, applicable regulations, and other applicable authorities were followed by the agency.

(End of provision)

52.212-2 Evaluation - Commercial Items. (OCT 2014)

(a) The Government will award a contract resulting from this solicitation to the responsible offeror whose offer conforming to the solicitation will be most advantageous to the Government, price and other factors considered. The following factors shall be used to evaluate offers:

(Contracting Officer shall insert the significant evaluation factors, such as (i) technical capability of the item offered to meet the Government requirement; (ii) price; (iii) past performance (see FAR 15.304); and include them in the relative order of importance of the evaluation factors, such as in descending order of importance.)

Technical and past performance, when combined, are [ ] (Contracting Officer state, in accordance with FAR 15.304, the relative importance of all other evaluation factors, when combined, when compared to price.)

(b) Options. The Government will evaluate offers for award purposes by adding the total price for all options to the total price for the basic requirement. The Government may determine that an offer is unacceptable if the option prices are significantly unbalanced. Evaluation of options shall not obligate the Government to exercise the option(s).

(c) A written notice of award or acceptance of an offer, mailed or otherwise…