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This is a Justification and Approval for Single Source Award document submitted by the U.S. International Trade Commission's Office of Procurement. The requisition number is ITC-OOEC-26-0009, and the contracting office is the USITC Office of Procurement located at 500 E Street S.W., Washington, D.C. 20436, with the requiring office being the USITC Office of Economics.

The agency is procuring advisory services from Professor Yoto V. Yotov for the development and application of the Gravity Model of international trade. The justification for single-source contracting cites Professor Yotov's status as a world-renowned expert in the development, usage, and application of the Gravity Model, supported by numerous publications that have advanced the field. Additional qualifications include his recent delivery of a training course on advanced gravity modeling techniques to USITC in January 2026 and his current work on projects with the Commission, providing him with familiarity of agency capabilities and research needs. Market research conducted by the Commission identified other viable options from universities and economic consulting firms; however, no other individuals were found to possess Professor Yotov's level of expertise combined with familiarity of the specific topics to be addressed. The Requiring Officer, Ravinder Ubee, certified the justification on March 18, 2026, and the Contracting Officer, Alisha Hunt, approved it on April 14, 2026. The award was posted to both FBO (for actions exceeding $25,000) and USITC.GOV on April 14, 2026.

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Justification and Approval for Single Source Awards

USITC - 050 (Rev. 5/2018)

U.S. International Trade Commission 500 E Street, SW Washington, DC 20436 United States Phone: 202-205-3098 www.usitc.gov

Consolidated J&A for actions Not Exceeding the Simplified Acquisition Threshold (SAT) (FAR 13.501)

Contracting Office Requiring Office

U.S. International Trade Commission

Office of Procurement

500 E Street S.W.

Washington, D.C. 20436

U.S. International Trade Commission

500 E Street S.W.

Washington, D.C. 20436

Office of Economics

Justification and Approval for: Single Source Brand Name

1. REQUISITION NUMBER: ITC-OOEC-26-0009 ESTIMATED TOTAL VALUE:

2. Description of supplies or Services Required to Meet Agency:

Advisory services from Yoto Yotov on development and application of the Gravity model.

3. Justification for Limited Competition:

Professor Yotov is a world-renowned expert in the development, usage, and application of the Gravity Model of international trade. He has numerous publications on the model and his work has been the basis for its advancement. Professor Yotov also held a training course for USITC in advanced gravity modeling techniques in January 2026. Furthermore, he is currently working on projects with the Commission and is familiar with our capabilities, needs, and research.

5. Requiring Officer's Certification:

I certify that the facts and representations in this justification, included herein, meet the Government's need and that the supporting data which forms the basis for this justification is complete and accurate.

Printed Name, Requiring POC

Ravinder Ubee

Date

Mar 18, 2026

Signature

6. Contracting Officer Certification: Posted:

I have received this justification and find it to be accurate and complete to the best of my knowledge and belief.

Printed Name, Contracting Officer DateSignature

DateUSITC.GOVPosted: FBO (>$25,000)

4. Description of Market Research Conducted and Results:

The Commission conducted market research for this project. Some of the viable options to complete the project could include experienced economic researchers from universities and economic consulting firms, however staff could not identify individuals with the level of expertise that Professor Yotov has, who also are familiar with the topics that will be worked on.

Vendor Name: Yoto V. Yotov

RAVINDER UBEE

Digitally signed by RAVINDER

UBEE

Date: 2026.03.18 13:37:26 -04'00'

X April 14, 2026

Alisha Hunt April 14, 2026

2026-04-16T09:01:00-0400
ALISHA HUNT

File details come from the government source that posted it. Updated .