Attachment D - JBCC ORC Site Visit Slides_ 16APR2024.pdf

Air Force Civil Engineer Center

Battle Ready… Built R ight!

Joint Base Cape Cod (JBCC) Optimized

Remediation Contract (ORC)

01 May 2024

Agenda 0800 – 0815 Arrive at Installation Restoration Program (IRP) Building, 322 East Inner Road 0815 – 0830 Pre-Brief (USACE)

0830 – 1230 Site Tour - AFCEC

• FS-12 Treatment System (0845 – 0910)

• CS10 UTES/BOMARC – BCCMP project (drive by)

• Landfill-1 (drive by)

• FS-13 (drive by)

• CS-10 Treatment Plant (drive by)

• Hunter Avenue Treatment Plant (0930-0950)

• Landfill-1 Treatment Plant (1000-1020)

• Fuhrlander Wind Turbine (1000-1020)

• Sandwich Road Extraction Fence (drive by) - FTA-1 IRA

• Ashumet Valley Treatment Plant - FTA-1 IRA (1040-1100)

• FS28 Treatment Plant (1115-1135)

• Sandwich Road Treatment Plant (1200 – 1220)

• O&M Building (1200 – 1220)

• PFSA SVE system (1200 – 1220)

• PFSA/LF-2/FTA-2 (drive by if visiting Skeet Range)

Option (if time allows): Skeet Range

1230 Return to IRP for Post-Brief (USACE)

Joint Base Cape Cod

(JBCC)

• ~22,000 acres on Upper Cape

• 20,000 acres owned by Commonwealth of

MA and leased to Army and AF

• 1300 acres owned in fee by AF

• 750 acres owned by VA

• Formerly known as Massachusetts Military

Reservation (MMR); renamed Joint Base Cape Cod by Governor Patrick via Executive Order #547 on 19 Jul 2013

• MMR use history dates back to 1911

• Home to ANG (102 IW/Otis), ARNG (Camp

Edwards), USCG, 6 SWS (PAVE PAWS, Space Force), VA cemetery, several tenants including AFCEC

• AFCEE arrived at MMR in 1996 to take over IRP from ANG which included ARNG and USCG sites as well

• Our office/program is AFCEC. Our host base is Otis.

JBCC

• 102d Intelligence Wing (Otis Air National Guard)

• Camp Edwards (MA Army National Guard)

• Veterans Affairs National Cemetery

• Barnstable County Sheriff’s Office / Correctional Facility

• 6th Space Warning Squadron PAVE PAWS

• U.S. Department of Agriculture

• Massachusetts Environmental & Readiness Center

• Army National Guard Impact Area Groundwater Study

Program

• Air Force Civil Engineer Center/ Installation Restoration

Program

• 253rd Combat Communications Group

• 267th Combat Communications Squadron

• U.S. Coast Guard Air Station Cape Cod

•Exchange/Commissary •Golf Course/MWR •Family Housing •Storage for ships in Boston

• MA Army National Guard Army Aviation Support

• MA Army National Guard Regional Training

• Environmental Management Commission

• Senior Environmental Corps

• US. Air Force Auxiliary (Civil Air Patrol)

• Massachusetts Maritime Academy

• Federal Aviation Administration, North Atlantic

Region

• Bourne School System

• Coast Guard Communications Station, Boston

• Coast Guard Electronic Systems Support

Detachment

• Coast Guard Marine Safety Field Office

• Coast Guard Northeast Regional Fisheries

Training Center

• Coast Guard LANT Area Armory

• Coast Guard Port Security Unit

• Police Motorcycle & Canine Training Areas

• Upper Cape Trash Transfer Station

• U.S. Geological Survey

• Volpe Test Center

• Buzzards Bay Project

• FAA Cape Approach

• Crane Wildlife Management Area

• Massachusetts Disaster Preparedness Safe Haven

Facility

MULTI-USE FACILITY

JBCC IRP Background Installation Restoration Program (IRP) began in 1984

Joint Base Cape Cod (JBCC) added to National Priorities List (NPL) in 1989

AFCEC began managing the IRP in 1996

Regulatory authority is CERCLA (i.e. Superfund)

Federal Facilities Agreement (FFA) established in 1991 Signed by EPA, Air Force, and National Guard Bureau State (MassDEP) is not a signatory USCG removed as party to the FFA in Amendment 3 (1999)

JBCC

Discovery of Contamination

Groundwater – Conceptual Site Model

(CSM)

JBCC is located over the mound for the Sagamore Lens, which is the sole source drinking water aquifer for the Upper Cape. Groundwater flows radially away from the mound. Plumes have moved beyond base boundaries and underneath the surrounding communities.

Where did the contamination at MMR come from? Where did the contamination come from?

Source areas (blue) on JBCC include:

Chemical Spills

Coal Yards

Fuel Spills

Landfills

Storm Drains

Dump Area

Oil Water Separator

MMRP sites (purple)

PFOS/PFOA sites (call out boxes) such as FTA, fire depts., wwtp, landfill

Groundwater areas (beige) on JBCC include:

RDX (IAGWSP, IRP)

HMX (IAGWSP)

Perchlorate

(IAGWSP)

EDB (IRP)

Chlorinated solvents

(IRP)

PFOS/PFOA (IRP)

(coral)

JBCC Source Area and Groundwater Plumes

• Primarily PCE, TCE, and EDB

• Concentrations generally less than 1 mg/L (except for TCE at CS-10)

• Plumes are typically deep (>100 ft) and thick (>100 ft)

• 9 treatment plants treating ~ 17 million gallons per day

• Over 27 miles of pipeline

• Over 130 extraction and reinjection wells

• Over 3000 monitoring wells

Groundwater Plumes and Treatment Systems

- Historical

Legacy Plume Cleanup

Current Activities - Remediation

Focus on Optimizing Systems (better, cheaper, faster):

Maximizing mass removal Expediting aquifer restoration Minimizing costs (maintenance, electricity)

2006 2018 2020 2023

Pumping Rate (MGD) 17 10 8.1 7.3

Extraction wells 87 35 30 29

Reinjection wells 49 34 28 28

Infiltration galleries 15 10 9 2

Carbon vessels (20,000 lb)

45 35 24 22

Total volume treated through Aug 23 = 92,355 MG Total mass removed through Aug 23 = 10,559 lbs

Pumping Optimization

Sampling Optimization

JBCC Wind Turbines

• Operating and maintaining 5 utility scale wind turbines

• AFCEC owns three 1.5 MW wind turbines

• AFSPC-PAVE PAWS (Space Force) owns two 1.68 MW wind turbines

Wind

II

Wind I Wind 1 Wind II

Rating (MW) 1.5 1.5

Hub Height (m) /Rotor Diameter (m)

80/77 80/77

Cost of Construction $5.7M $10.2M

Operational 2 Dec 09 9 Nov 11

Production through Sep 2023 (MWhr)

28,609 89,439

Credits to date (through Sep 2023)

$4.6M $14.5M

Community Involvement

Conduct outreach to potentially affected homeowners regarding testing of private wells, results, response actions, access for drilling test wells.

Updates to local boards of health/selectmen.

Conduct public meetings.

• JBCC Cleanup Team (2-4 per year)

• Neighborhood meetings (1-3 per year)

Public comment periods for plumes and source areas (Traditional sites/plumes, MMRP sites, PFOS/PFOA).

Review of area dig safes to identify potential water well installations in plume areas. Coordination with boards of health, well drillers, owners.

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JBCC Plume Map

IRP and

IAGWSP LUC

Areas

ORC Sites

FT-055: Ashumet Valley/FTA-1

(100% AF)

• Sources: Fire Training Area -1 (FTA-1) and Former Base Sewage Treatment Plant

• COCs: PCE, TCE, Mn, Tl

• ROD: 2009 System Start Up: 1999 under IROD

• Remedy: P&T (4 EWs), MNA, LUCs

• Optimizations:

– 2007 (2 EWs shut down)

– 2009 (1 EW and MTU installed) – part of final remedy; shutdown in 2014 and MTU moved to CS-10

– 2022 P&T system shutdown; remedy transitioned to MNA with LUCs

• PCE/TCE Mass Removed: 373 lbs through treatment of 6.6 billion gallons (BG)

• PCE remains above MCL in 3 wells; highest concentration = 9.9 ug/L

• Mn remains in source area – 1,300 ug/L

• Aquifer restoration timeframe in ROD for PCE/TCE = 2021; expected in

2024/2025

• PFAS and 1,4-Dioxane investigated in 2014/2015 and found to be present;

Supplemental RI/FS underway. Interim Remedial Action (IRA) part of ORC;

Alternatives 4 and 5 from the draft FS.

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Ashumet Valley Groundwater COCs: PCE, TCE, manganese, thallium

•Source Areas: FTA-1 and Former Sewage Treatment Plant

•Interim AV Remedy: 3 Extraction Wells started in 1999

•Record of Decision issued in 2009 required a 4th Extraction Well

•All extraction wells are now turned off – 3 remaining VOC areas in red outline.

Ashumet Valley Groundwater Temporal Cleanup Progress

Ashumet Valley Treatment Plant

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Ashumet Valley/FTA-1 PFAS

• Ashumet Valley (FTA-1) PFAS Remedial Investigation (RI) completed Mar 2024

• PFAS in groundwater primarily from the FTA-1 source area

• PFAS plume is called “FTA-1” to distinguish from Ashumet Valley plume with legacy contaminants

• FTA-1 PFAS plume extent depicted on next slide

FTA-1 PFAS Extent

Sum of PFAS6 Detections in Groundwater

Above MassDEP PFAS6 MMCL

At or Below MassDEP PFAS6 MMCL

No Detection

FTA-1 PFAS6 Plume Boundary

FTA-1 Land Use Control Area

Proposed FTA-1 PFAS Groundwater (GW) Interim Remedy

• Issued an Explanation of Significant Differences (ESD) to modify current Ashumet Valley (FTA-1) GW remedy

• Use the first Draft Supplemental FS remedial alternative evaluation for PFAS as basis of ESD

• ESD will:

• Add four GW COCs: PFOS, PFOA, PFHxS, and PFNA

• Add a Remedial Action Objective to prevent residential exposure to PFAS in GW

• Implement active treatment in two plume areas as an interim remedy

• Establish a permanent Land Use Control (LUC) Program for FTA-1 PFAS in GW

FTA-1 PFAS Interim Remedy Locations

New Sandwich Rd Extraction Fence

Restart Ashumet Valley Treatment System

FTA-1 PFAS Sandwich Rd Extraction Fence

• Install 7 new extraction wells and 3 new reinjection wells

• Total flow rate estimated at 1,350 gallons per minute (gpm)

• Water treated at Sandwich Road Treatment Facility (Granular Activated Carbon [GAC])

FTA-1 PFAS Restart Ashumet Valley Treatment System

• Restart existing 3 extraction wells

• Install 2 new reinjection wells

• Total flow rate estimated at 1,400 gpm

• Treatment at existing Ashumet Valley system

(GAC)

SS016: Chemical Spill-4 (100% Army)

• Source: Former motor pool (1941 to 1973) and Defense Property Disposal Office (1956 to 1983).

• COCs: PCE, TCE, 1,1,2,2-TeCA, EDB

• ROD: 2000 System Start Up: Interim under IROD: 1993-2003; Final:

• Remedy: P&T (3 EWs), MNA, LUCs

• Optimizations:

• 2008 (modified flow rates)

• 2009 (shut down EW16)

• 2015 (shutdown EW14)

• 2023 P&T system shutdown; remedy transitioned to MNA with LUCs

• COC Mass Removed = 61.6 lbs through treatment of 2.6 BG

• Aquifer restoration timeframe in ROD = 2017

• COCs below remedial goals in 2023 so site closure process underway

• SC/RACR expected in 2024/2025

• 1,4-Dioxane not present based on sampling in 2014

• No expectation that PFAS are present however no data collected and may be required for site closeout.

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SS016: Chemical Spill-4

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SS016: Chemical Spill-4 Groundwater

Hunter Avenue Treatment Plant

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SS022: Chemical Spill-10

• Sources: BOMARC Missile Site, UTES Vehicle Maintenance Site

• COCs: TCE, PCE, 1,4-Dioxane

• ROD: 2009 2021 ESD added 1,4-dioxane as COC

• System Start Up: 1999 under IROD

• Remedy: P&T, MNA, LUCs; MNA & LUCs for 1,4-Dioxane

• In Plume (IP): 11 EWs (2 EWs Off)

• Sandwich Road (SR) Fence: 8 EWs (1 EW Off)

• Northern Lobe (NL): 1 EW

• Southern Trench (ST): 1 EW (Pending Shutdown)

• Total current flow rate: 2,475 gpm

• Highest TCE concentration in plume (2021): 1,200 ug/L

• Aquifer restoration timeframe in ROD = 2094

• Predicted system shutdown dates:

• IP= 2055, SR=2055, NL=2030 ST=2020,

• PCE/TCE Mass Removed: 8,233 lbs through treatment of 41 BG

• IP, SR, and NL systems capturing PFAS; carbon exchanges being done for PFAS

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SS022: Chemical Spill-10 Plume and Treatment Plant

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SS022: Chemical Spill-10 Groundwater

CS-10 In Plume Treatment Plant

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Sandwich Road Treatment Plant

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SS077: Chemical Spill-19

• Source: Ordnance disposal area

• COC: RDX

• ROD: 2009

• Remedy: MNA and LUCs

• RDX remains above remedial goal of 0.97 ug/L in one monitoring well

(1.6 ug/L)

• Aquifer restoration timeframe in ROD = 2037

• Aquifer restoration expected in 2024/2025

• ESD pending (pre-ORC) to formally change RDX cleanup level to 0.97 µg/L

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SS077: Chemical Spill-19

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SS077: Chemical Spill- 19 Groundwater

SS081: Chemical Spill-21 (50/50 Army/AF)

• Source: Unidentified (but detached and not ongoing)

• COC: TCE

• ROD: 2000

• Remedy: P&T (4 EWs), MNA, LUCs

• Optimizations

– 2008 (modified flow rates)

– 2010 (shut off EW4)

– 2012 (modified flow rates)

– 2016 (shut off EW3)

• COC Mass Removed = 247 lbs through treatment of 6.5 BG

• TCE remains above MCL in 3 monitoring wells; highest concentration is 14 ug/L

• Aquifer restoration timeframe in ROD = 2025 which should be achieved

• 1,4-Dioxane not present based on sampling in 2014

• No expectation that PFAS are present however no data collected and may be required for site closeout.

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SS081: Chemical Spill-21

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SS081: Chemical Spill-21 Groundwater

SS042: Fuel Spill-12

• Source: AVGAS/JP-4 release from underground pipeline

• COCs: EDB, Benzene

• ROD: 2006 System Start Up: 1997 under IROD

• Remedy: P&T (25 EWs), MNA, LUCs

• Optimizations:

• 21 EWs shutdown

• Currently 2 EWs operating full time; 2 EWs cyclic pumping

• Mass Removed: 137 lbs of EDB and 57 lbs of benzene through treatment of 6.2 BG

• EDB remains above MMCL of 0.02 ug/L at five monitoring wells;

highest concentration = 2.0 ug/L

• Benzene last detected above MCL in 2007; monitoring discontinued in 2008

• Aquifer restoration timeframe in ROD = 2030

• Current modeling prediction is approximately 2035

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FS-12 Treatment Plant

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•Snake Pond and Camp Good News (Fuel Spill -12)

SS043: Fuel Spill-13

• Source: Release of JP-4 from underground pipeline

• COC: 1,2,4-TMB; 1,3,5-TMB

• ROD: 2000

• Remedy: MNA and LUCs

• Aquifer restoration timeframe in ROD = 2020

• 1,2,4-TMB and 1,3,5-TMB below remedial goals in 2021

• PFAS (unrelated to the FS-13 release) detected in split samples indicating an unidentified PFAS source exists hydraulically upgradient of the FS-13 site which is being investigated under a separate contract.

• ESD pending (pre-ORC) to formally change TMB cleanup levels to new (higher) RSLs.

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SS043: Fuel Spill-13

SS079: Fuel Spill-28

• Source: Unidentified (but detached and not ongoing)

• COC: EDB

• ROD: 2000

• Remedy: P&T (2 EWs and shallow well point system), MNA, LUCs

• Optimizations

– 2007: installed EW2

– 2010: shut down SWPs

– 2015: shutdown EW2

– 2019: reduced flow EW1

• EDB Mass Removed: 15.3 lbs through treatment of 7.2 BG

• EDB remains above MMCL (0.02 ug/L) in 2 monitoring wells located near EW1 so system continues to operate

• Aquifer restoration timeframe in ROD = 2018; expected in

2024/2025

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Groundwater Plume and Treatment System

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FS-28 Treatment Plant

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LF006: Landfill-1 Plume (73% AF, 27% Army)

• On-base Landfill (active 1941 to 1993); capped 1995 (NWOU not capped)

• COCs: PCE, TCE, CCl4, VC, 1,4-DCB, EDB, 1,1,2,2-TeCA, Mn

• ROD: 2007

• Remedy: P&T (6 EWs), MNA, LUCs, Bourne Water Provision

• Optimizations:

– 2006, 2007, 2011 (reduced flow rates)

– 2008 (installed RW)

– 2019 shutdown 2 EWs and consolidated flow for treatment at HATF.

• COC Mass Removed: 906 lbs through treatment of 10.5 billion gallons (BG)

• COCs above remedial goals at 13 on-base wells; current highest COC concentration (TCE) = 89 ug/L; No COC exceedances off-base

• Aquifer restoration timeframe in ROD = 2045; reasonable for legacy COCs

• PFAS and 1,4-Dioxane investigated in 2014/2015 and found to be present;

Supplemental RI finalized in 2018, Supplemental FS in comment resolution and Draft ESD with regulators.

• ESD submitted regulators in 2024 to add PFAS and 1,4-dioxane as COCs.

• Carbon exchanges being done for PFAS. •57

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LF006: Landfill-1 Groundwater Plume and Treatment System

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PFAS Detections in Groundwater

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1, 4-Dioxane Detections in Groundwater

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LUC expansion for PFAS from Draft ESD

LF-1 Treatment Plant

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SD005: Storm Drain-5

• Source: leaching wells and sumps at on-based maintenance facilities/hangers

• COC: TCE

• ROD: 2006

• Treatment system installed under

IROD operated between 1997 –

• Remedy: MNA with LUCs

• Aquifer restoration timeframe in

ROD = 2008; updated in a 2014 ESD to approximately 2022

• Limited extent; plume no longer delineated

• TCE above MCL in one well (5.8 ug/L) in 2022

• Site closure activities can proceed

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PETROLEUM FUELS STORAGE AREA

SS040/SS041: FS-10/FS-11 (100% AF)

• Source: Fuel spills/releases

• COCs: Various aliphatic and aromatic carbon ranges, TMBs, 2-methylnaphthalene

• ROD Amendment: 2016

• Remedy: MNA and LUCs

• Located On- and Off-base

• Aquifer restoration timeframe in

ROD Amendment: 2035

• Monitoring data indicates remedy is functioning as intended

• ESD pending (pre-ORC) to formally change TMB cleanup levels to new (higher) RSLs

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FT056: Fire Training Area-2

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• Sources: Fire Training Area (1948-1956) and Landfill (1940- 1944), upgradient UST site

• COCs: Various aliphatic and aromatic carbon ranges, TMBs, 2-methylnaphthalene

• ROD Amendment: 2016

• Remedy: MNA and LUCs

• Located On- and Off-base

• Aquifer restoration timeframe in

ROD Amendment: 2035

• Monitoring data indicates remedy is functioning as intended

• ESD pending (pre-ORC) to formally change TMB cleanup levels to new (higher) RSLs

MMRP Sites

ORC MMRP Site

Site Status

Skeet Range Lead concentrations higher and more widespread than anticipated; conducted streamlined RI/FS followed by PP/ROD. Lead removal action to close site.

Skeet Range MRA (100% AF)

• General Information – A 29.3-acre MRA used for small arms (shotgun) training in the 1940s.

• Current Status – Proposed Plan.

• Findings – MEC was not anticipated at this site. Investigation was for the primary MC associated with small arms and skeet, lead and PAHs. Lead in soil reported generally below residential screening levels. Small area of soil with lead above residential and industrial land use screening criteria was identified.

• Remaining Steps – Complete Proposed Plan and ROD under PBR. Conduct lead removal action under ORC and close site.

Skeet Range 100% AF Funded