Attachment_2-_Specifications_9340-BS-0256455.pdf

State of California Bid Specification Glass Spheres

Department of Transportation (DOT)

9340-BS-0256455

Event 0000035632 Attachment 2

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Document Summary

Detail Type Detail

Event ID 0000035632 Commodity Glass Spheres Attachment (Exhibit) Attachment 2 Group-Class 9340 Bid Specification 9340-BS-0256455 Revision Level Original Revision Date July 25, 2025 Agency Name Department of Transportation (DOT)

Revision History

Bid Spec Rev Revision Date Author Summary of Changes

8040-3885 Original Jan 13, 2017 So, Raymond First bid development 9340-5671 Original Jul 6, 2021 Lai, Y Bid development 9340-5671 Rev 1 Oct 1, 2021 Lai Y Updated Section 3.6.2 and 3.6.8

9340-BS-

0256455

None Jul 25, 2025 Velazquez, I Bid development

DGS Glass Spheres 9340-BS-0256455

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Contents

Document Summary

Revision History

1.0 SCOPE

2.0 APPLICABLE LAWS and INDUSTRY STANDARDS

2.1 Laws and Regulations

2.2 Industry Standards

3.0 TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

3.1 Type 1 Glass Beads - California DOT

3.1.1 Appearance

3.1.2 Gradation

3.1.3 Refractive Index

3.1.4 Specific Gravity

3.1.5 Moisture Content

3.1.6 Arsenic, Antimony and Lead Content

3.1.7 Flow

3.1.8 Bulk Color

3.1.9 Moisture Resistance (Free Flow)

3.1.10 Post-consumer Recycled Content

3.2 Type 2 Glass Beads - AASHTO Designation: M 247-13

3.2.1 Appearance

3.2.2 Coatings

3.2.3 Arsenic, Lead and Antimony Content

3.2.4 Post-consumer Recycled Content

3.3 Type 3 Glass Beads - AASHTO Designation: M 247-13

3.3.1 Appearance

3.3.2 Coatings

3.3.3 Arsenic, Lead and Antimony Content

APPENDIX

4.0 TEST INSTRUCTIONS

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4.1 Appearance Test

4.2 Moisture Test

4.3 Chemical Stability Test

4.4 Flow Test

4.5 Bulk Color Test

4.6 Moisture Resistance (Free Flow) Test

5.0 QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS

5.1 Inspection and Sampling

5.2 Testing

5.3 Notification of Shipments

5.4 Certificate of Compliance

6.0 PACKAGING

6.1 General Requirements for all Packaging Types

6.2 Paper Bags

6.3 Fiber Drums

6.4 Totes

6.5 Figure 1: Tote (top, middle, and bottom) Drawing:

6.6 Labeling

6.7 Shipping

6.8 Pallets

6.9 Figure 2: Type 2 Wooden Pallet

6.10 Figure 3: Type 4 Single Wing Wooden Pallet Drawing

6.11 Commonly Used Pallet Types & Size

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1.0 SCOPE

This specification covers glass spheres (hereafter referred to as glass beads) for use in providing nighttime retro-reflectance in painted traffic lines and other markings used in highway delineation. The supplied glass beads shall have a moisture-proof coating that promotes the free flow of glass beads in high humidity conditions.

2.0 APPLICABLE LAWS and INDUSTRY STANDARDS

Specifications, standards and codes referenced in this document in effect on the opening of the ‘Invitation for Bid’, form a part of this specification.

2.1 Laws and Regulations

2.1.1 Public Contract Code (PCC) Section 12400 - 12404: Environmentally Preferable Purchasing

2.1.2 PCC Section 12200 - 12217: State Agency Buy Recycled Campaign

(SABRC)

2.1.3 California Code of Regulations, Title 22, Section 66261.3, Definition of Hazardous Waste

2.2 Industry Standards

2.2.1 American Association for State Highway and Transportation Officials, (AASHTO) Designation: M 247, Standard Specification for Glass Beads Used in Pavement Markings

2.2.2 American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) C-1648, Standard Guide for Choosing a Method for Determining the Index of Refraction and Dispersion of Glass

2.2.3 ASTM D-153, Standard Test Methods for Specific Gravity of Pigments

2.2.4 ASTM D5168, Standard Practice for Fabrication and Closure of Triple-Wall Corrugated Fiberboard Containers

2.2.5 California Test 202, Sieve Analysis of Glass Spheres

2.2.6 Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage (C.I.E.) CIE x050-PO035, Precision Approximation of CIE 1931 Color-Matching Functions by Analytic Functions

2.2.7 United States (US) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Method 3052:

Microwave Assisted Acid Digestion of Siliceous and Organically Based Matrices

2.2.8 US EPA Method 6010B: Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=PCC&division=2.&title=&part=2.&chapter=6.&article= https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=PCC&division=2.&title=&part=2.&chapter=4.&article=4.

https://govt.westlaw.com/calregs/Document/I8384B3375B6111EC9451000D3A7C4BC3?viewType=FullText&originationContext=documenttoc&transitionType=CategoryPageItem&contextData=(sc.Default) https://dot.ca.gov/-/media/dot-media/programs/engineering/documents/californiatestmethods-ctm/ctm-202-apr2010-a11y.pdf https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2015-12/documents/3052.pdf https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/documents/6010b.pdf

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3.0 TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

The glass beads shall lend themselves readily to firm embedment in traffic paint when dropped on a freshly placed paint line. The embedment shall provide a highly retroreflective surface on the paint with reserve retroreflective capacity in the lower sections of the paint film. This retro reflection shall be evident to the operator of a motor vehicle at night when the headlights of the vehicle are directed at the marking.

The glass beads shall be available in the three types specified below.

3.1 Type 1 Glass Beads - California DOT

3.1.1 Appearance

A minimum of 85% of the glass beads, by count, shall be:

a) Colorless

b) True spheres

c) Free of dark spots

d) Free of milkiness

e) Free of air inclusions

f) Free of surface scratches

g) Clean

h) Free from foreign matter in accordance with high grade commercial practice

Test per Section 4.1 Appearance Test.

3.1.2 Gradation

The glass beads shall conform to the following gradation requirements:

Sieve Opening US Standard Sieve Number Percent by Weight Passing 600 μm #30 100 250 μm #60 40 - 70 180 μm #80 15 - 35 106 μm #140 0 - 0.5

Test per California Test 202.

3.1.3 Refractive Index

The glass beads shall have a minimum refractive index of 1.5.

Test refractive index by any test method covered in ASTM C 1648.

3.1.4 Specific Gravity

The glass beads shall have a specific gravity between 2.40 and 2.60 at 25°C.

Test per ASTM D-153, Method A.

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3.1.5 Moisture Content

The glass beads moisture content shall not exceed 0.01%.

Test per Section 4.2 Moisture Test.

3.1.6 Arsenic, Antimony and Lead Content

The arsenic, lead, and antimony maximum content per element, per test sample, shall be 200 (total) ppm.

Test per EPA Test Method 3052 and EPA Test Method 6010B. Other suitable x-ray fluorescence spectrometry analysis methods for arsenic, antimony and lead content may be used.

The glass beads shall be free of any hazardous materials at levels that would cause the glass beads to be classified as a hazardous waste under Title 22, Division 4.5 of the California Code of Regulations.

3.1.7 Flow

Glass beads shall be free flowing.

Test per Section 4.4 Flow Test.

3.1.8 Bulk Color

The L* value of the fused glass beads sample should be greater than or equal to 55.

Test per Section 4.5 Bulk Color Test.

3.1.9 Moisture Resistance (Free Flow)

Glass beads must flow through the test funnel, per the Moisture Resistance Test.

Test per Section 4.6 Moisture Resistance (Free Flow) Test.

3.1.10 Post-consumer Recycled Content

Type1 glass beads must be made with a minimum of 25% post-consumer recycled content (PCRC).

3.2 Type 2 Glass Beads - AASHTO Designation: M 247-13

Type 2 glass beads shall meet the requirements of AASHTO Designation: M 247- 13.

The glass beads shall meet the additional requirements below:

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3.2.1 Appearance

A minimum of 85% of the glass beads by count shall be:

a) Colorless

b) True spheres

c) Free of dark spots

d) Free of milkiness

e) Free of air inclusions

f) Free of surface scratches

g) Clean

h) Free from foreign matter in accordance with high grade commercial practice

Test per Section 4.1 Appearance Test.

3.2.2 Coatings

The glass beads shall have a coating system that provides both moisture resistance and enhanced adherence to alkyd type thermoplastic.

3.2.3 Arsenic, Lead and Antimony Content

The arsenic, lead, and antimony maximum content per element, per test sample, shall be 200 (total) ppm.

Test according to EPA Methods 3052 and 6010B. Other suitable x-ray fluorescence spectrometry analysis methods for arsenic, antimony and lead content may be used.

3.2.4 Post-consumer Recycled Content

Type 2 glass beads must be made with a minimum of 25% PCRC.

3.3 Type 3 Glass Beads - AASHTO Designation: M 247-13

3.3.1 Appearance

A minimum of 85% of the glass beads by count shall be:

a) Colorless

b) True spheres

c) Free of dark spots

d) Free of milkiness

e) Free of air inclusions

f) Free of surface scratches

g) Clean

h) Free from foreign matter in accordance with high grade commercial practice

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Test per Section 4.1 Appearance Test.

3.3.2 Coatings

The glass beads shall have a coating system that provides both moisture resistance and enhanced adherence to alkyd type thermoplastic.

3.3.3 Arsenic, Lead and Antimony Content

The arsenic, lead, and antimony maximum content per element, per test sample, shall be 200 (total) ppm.

Test according to EPA Methods 3052 and 6010B. Other suitable x-ray fluorescence spectrometry analysis methods for arsenic, antimony and lead content may be used.

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APPENDIX

4.0 TEST INSTRUCTIONS

4.1 Appearance Test

Visual inspection under 20X magnification.

4.2 Moisture Test

1. Determine the moisture content by baking 25 g of glass beads in a 105°C oven for 3 hours.

2. Cool the sample to room temperature in a desiccator.

3. Weigh the sample.

4. Calculate the percent moisture content (percent weight loss) as [(initial weight-final weight)/initial weight]*100.

4.3 Chemical Stability Test

Reflux a 50 g sample of glass beads in a Soxhlet extraction apparatus for 8 hours with distilled water.

4.4 Flow Test

1. Add a 50 lb sample of glass beads into a U.S. Standard Sieve #16.

2. The full sample shall pass through the sieve without shaking or hand manipulation.

4.5 Bulk Color Test

1. Use a riffle splitter to obtain a 30-gram (plus or minus 3-gram) sub-sample of the glass beads sample.

2. Place this sub-sample of glass beads in a flat-bottomed, quartz fiber crucible.

3. Tap the dish gently to level the glass beads in the crucible.

4. Place this crucible (with the glass beads) in a cold muffle furnace and heat the glass beads sample to 800°C.

5. Allow the sample to remain at this temperature for 2 to 3 hours.

6. Shut off the muffle furnace and let the sample cool to room temperature before removing it from the furnace.

7. The glass beads sample should now be melted into a fused, opaque mass of uniform color.

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8. Use a BYK-Gardner "Color Guide" spectrophotometer to measure the color of the fused glass beads in CIE L*a*b* color mode.

9. Measure the color of the top surface of the fused glass beads sample.

10. The spectrophotometer should be calibrated using 2-degree Observer and D65 Illuminant conditions and 45/0-degree geometry.

11. Make 3 color measurements and obtain an average L* (lightness) value.

4.6 Moisture Resistance (Free Flow) Test

1. Obtain a pre-washed 10” by 17”, unbleached, 7 oz cotton canvas bag.

2. Turn the bag inside out to prevent water and the glass beads from being entrapped within the seams.

3. Place a 907 g sample of glass beads into the cotton bag.

4. Immerse the bag containing the sample in a bucket of water at room temperature (21-22°C) for 30 seconds.

5. Remove the bag and sample from water and squeeze the excess water out of the bag by twisting the neck of the bag.

6. Using a rope and a ring stand, suspend the bag of glass beads above the table for 2 hours at room temperature. Do not allow the neck to loosen.

7. After the 2-hour period, mix the sample thoroughly by releasing the tension in the neck and shaking the bag, thus loosening the glass beads from bottom and side.

8. Transfer the entire sample (at once) from the bag into a clean, dry, glass funnel (funnel dimensions: 6 inch top diameter, 4 ¾ inch deep cone, 6 inch long stem with ¼ inch I.D.).

9. If the glass beads bridge in the funnel while pouring the sample in, the funnel can be tapped lightly at the beginning to restart the flow, but not again once the flow has restarted.

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5.0 QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS

5.1 Inspection and Sampling

5.1.1 All lots of glass beads intended for shipment to California Department of Transportation (DOT) Maintenance facilities must be sampled, tested and approved by the Transportation Laboratory before shipment.

5.1.2 Manufacturers/contractor(s) shall take duplicate, representative 1-quart samples of each lot of glass beads destined for DOT and send these samples to the Transportation Laboratory for testing.

5.1.3 The duplicate samples shall be packaged in separate 1-quart wide-mouth metal paint cans.

5.1.4 The can lids shall be secured with clips to prevent spillage during shipment.

5.1.5 The samples shall be shipped to the Transportation Laboratory at the address shown below.

California Department of Transportation Transportation Laboratory, Chemical Testing Branch 5900 Folsom Blvd.

Sacramento, CA 95819-4612

5.1.6 A lot shall consist of a uniform blend of glass beads packaged on the same day.

5.1.7 Lot sizes shall be between 2,200 lb and 70,000 lb of glass beads.

5.1.8 Different lot numbers shall be used when more than 70,000 lb of the same blend of glass beads are packaged on the same day.

5.1.9 Each package (paper bags, drums, and totes) shall be labeled per Section

6.7 Labeling.

5.1.10 Manufacturers/contractor(s) must submit the following information along with the duplicate representative 1-quart samples of each lot sent to the Transportation Laboratory for testing:

a) Manufacturer’s name

b) Manufacturer’s address

c) Bid specification and bead type number:

• 9340-BS-0256455 - Type 1)

• 9340-BS-0256455 - Type 2), or

• 9340-BS-0256455 - Type 3)

d) Percent roundness

e) Percent appearance

f) Manufacturer's lot number

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g) Manufacturing date

h) Packaging date

i) Type of packaging (paper bags, totes, or fiber drums)

j) Weight of beads per package

k) Weight of glass beads represented by lot

l) Type of moisture-proof coating used

m) Purchase Order and/or Contract number (if known)

n) Sampling method (splitting, thieving, quartering, random bag, etc.)

o) Manufacturer’s lab tests results (tested per this Specification) for the following:

• Gradation

• Moisture resistance (for CA DOT Beads only)

• Percent roundness

• Appearance

5.2 Testing

5.2.1 The material shall be tested per the requirements of this specification for CA DOT beads.

5.2.2 For other types of glass beads, testing shall be as directed in AASHTO Designation: M 247-13 except for the percent roundness; appearance test;

and the arsenic, lead and antimony content test, as noted above.

5.2.3 DOT reserves the right to retest any lot of glass beads after delivery.

5.2.4 Data from DOT’s retesting shall prevail over all other tests and will be the basis of rejection.

5.2.5 Material not meeting the specification shall be removed and replaced by the supplier at their expense, including all costs for handling, retesting and shipping.

5.3 Notification of Shipments

5.3.1 Once the Transportation Laboratory approves a lot of glass beads, the manufacturer/contractor will be notified that the lot is approved for shipment.

5.3.2 When shipments (of approved glass beads) are made to DOT maintenance facilities, the manufacturer/contractor shall email or fax the following information to the Transportation Laboratory within 48 hours of shipment.

a) Specification number:

• 9340-BS-0256455

• AASHTO Designation: M 247-13 (Type 2), or

• AASHTO Designation: M 247-13 (Type 3).

b) A list of each delivery location and delivery date.

c) Name and phone number of contact person(s) at the delivery location(s).

d) PO number, contract number, and date the contractor received the PO.

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e) Lot numbers and quantities for each lot of glass beads to be delivered.

This information shall be emailed or faxed to:

California Department of Transportation Transportation Laboratory, Chemical Testing Section 5900 Folsom Blvd.

Sacramento, CA 95819-4612 Email: Chemistry.Branch@dot.ca.gov Fax: (916) 227-7168

5.4 Certificate of Compliance

5.4.1 A Certificate of Compliance signed by the manufacturer/contractor shall accompany the samples.

5.4.2 The Certificate of Compliance shall state that the lot of glass beads meets the requirements of the respective specification number.

5.4.3 The Certificate of Compliance shall contain the information listed in Section 4.1.11.

6.0 PACKAGING

6.1 General Requirements for all Packaging Types

6.1.1 Deviation from packaging requirements shall require written consent from the Department of Transportation, Office of Procurement and Contracts.

6.1.2 Containers shall be capable of withstanding shipping and handling without rupture, deformation, or loss of glass beads.

6.1.3 Containers shall repel rather than absorb moisture.

6.1.4 Containers shall have a minimum 3 mil thick plastic liner.

6.1.5 Plastic liners shall not be glued or otherwise attached to the inside of the fiberboard box container.

6.1.6 Plastic liners shall be constructed and affixed in a manner which facilitates easy and complete removal of all glass beads in the container.

6.1.7 Plastic liners must be free of folds to allow for easy and complete removal of the beads.

6.1.8 Stretch wrap must contain no less than 5% UV additive to resist deterioration from exposure to sunlight.

mailto:Chemistry.Branch@dot.ca.gov

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6.2 Paper Bags

6.2.1 Paper bags shall be pinch bottom style with glued top and bottom seams.

6.2.2 Bags shall comply with the requirements of Federal Specification UU-S-48, Type VI, Style B, MB-3, Sack 13.

6.2.3 Each bag shall contain 50 lb of glass beads.

6.2.4 Palletized bags shall have a maximum of 48 bags per pallet.

6.3 Fiber Drums

6.3.1 Each drum shall contain 550 lb of beads, have a 20 inch inside diameter, and 32 ½ inch inside height.

6.3.2 Drums shall conform to the Uniform National Freight Classification, Item 21840, Rule No. 291.

6.3.3 The drums must pass a 1,000 lb sidewall test.

6.3.4 The top cover shall be made of steel with locking rim.

6.3.5 Drums must have a polyethylene liner placed in the drum before filling.

6.3.6 Palletized drums shall have a have a maximum of four drums per pallet.

6.4 Totes

6.4.1 Tote boxes shall meet ASTM D5168 Class CFWR.

6.4.2 Totes shall conform to the applicable rules and sections of the current National Motor Freight Classification in use at the time of delivery.

6.4.3 Totes, after stretch wrapping, shall be supported by two horizontal straps as per Figure 1.

6.4.4 One horizontal strap shall be centered around the body of the container, and one centered on the bottom cover as per Figure 1.

6.4.5 Tote inside dimensions shall be approximately 40 ¾ “ X 40 ¾” X 28 ½”.

6.4.6 Each tote shall contain 2,200 lb of glass beads.

6.4.7 The top and bottom tote covers shall be 275# test single, C-flute.

6.4.8 The tote body shall be 1100# test, AAC triple wall.

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6.5 Figure 1: Tote (top, middle, and bottom) Drawing:

6.6 Labeling

6.6.1 Each package (bag, drum, or tote) shall be labeled with:

a) Manufacturer’s name

b) Manufacturer’s address

c) Specification and bead type number:

• 9340-BS-0256455 - Type 1

• 9340-BS-0256455 - Type 2, or

• 9340-BS-0256455 - Type 3

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d) Percent roundness

e) Percent appearance

f) Manufacturing lot number

g) Manufacturing date

h) Packaging date

i) Weight of beads

j) Tare weight of container (including all banding, stretch wrapping, and pallet weight)

6.7 Shipping

6.7.1 Refer to the purchase order.

6.8 Pallets

6.8.1 Pallets shall be furnished by the contractor.

6.8.2 Pallets shall be constructed based on the pallet type in Figure 2 and Figure 3.

6.8.3 Pallets shall be of sturdy construction and adequate condition to assure delivery of the goods without damage to the goods or safety hazards.

6.8.4 Pallets are to be finished on both sides to facilitate stacking.

6.8.5 The outside of one stringer shall be stenciled: "Return to Department of Transportation Warehouse".

6.8.6 The pallets shall become the property of the State of California.

6.8.7 Each loaded pallet shall be stretch wrapped with a minimum of 5 mil thickness with all stretch layers.

6.8.8 Stretch wrap shall cover all the packages and the top of pallet.

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6.9 Figure 2: Type 2 Wooden Pallet

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6.10 Figure 3: Type 4 Single Wing Wooden Pallet Drawing

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6.11 Commonly Used Pallet Types & Size

Size Type Top deck Bottom deck 1 2 (Fig. 3) 42”l x 36”w

Min. Six 1” x 6” x 36” deck- boards, spaced evenly along the pallet width

42”l x 36”w Min. Four 1” x 6” x 36” boards.

One placed each end of the stingers two at center of the stringers

2 2 (Fig. 3) 42”l x 42”w Min. Six 1” x 6” x 42” deck- Boards, spaced evenly along the pallet width

42”l x 42”w Min. Four 1” x 6” x 42” boards.

One placed each end of the stingers two at center of the stringers

3 2 (Fig. 3) 44”l x 44”w Min. Six 1” x 6” x 44” deck- boards, spaced evenly along the pallet width

44”l x 44”w Min. Four 1” x 6” x 44” boards.

One placed each end of the stingers two at center of the stringers(Fig. 3)

4 2 (Fig. 3) 45”l x 36”w Min. Six 1” x 6” x 36” deck- Boards, spaced evenly along the pallet width

45”l x 36”w Min. Four 1” x 6” x 36” boards.

One placed each end of the stingers two at center of the stringers

5 2 (Fig. 3) 46”l x 44”w Min. Six 1” x 6” x 44” deck- boards, spaced evenly along The pallet width

46”l x 44”w Min. Four 1” x 6” x 44” boards.

One placed each end of the stingers two at center of the stringers

6 2 (Fig. 3) 48”l x 48”w Min. Six 1” x 6” x 48” deck- boards, spaced evenly along the pallet width

48”l x 48”w Min. Four 1” x 6” x 48” boards.

One placed each end of the stingers two at center of the stringers

1 4 (Fig. 3) 42”l x 36”w Min. Six 1” x 6” x 36” deck- boards, spaced evenly along the pallet width with 3” wings extending beyond the stringer’s outboard faces Note: size 1, type 4 - has a Single wing applied to top deck.

42”l x 30”w Min. Four 1” x 6” x 36” boards.

One placed each end of the stingers, two at center of the stringers

End of document