Attachment 1 Special Project Specs GAOA Sunnahae Trail Reconstruction.pdf

SECTION C - DESCRIPTION/SPECIFICATIONS/WORK STATEMENT

GAOA Sunnahae Trail Reconstruction

Craig Ranger District, Tongass National Forest

C.1 PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND LOCATION AND FACILITES

1. Description: The work is the reconstruction of a 1.5-mile-long upper portion of the Sunnahae Trail mostly following a new route, as well as work on the existing trail segment completed in 2018.

Base Bid work includes Aggregate Surfacing, Solid Rock Removal, Bedrock Cut Steps, Boardwalk Type B, Boardwalk Bridge, Stone Pitching, Concrete Steps, Signs, and Rest Areas.

Option Item #1 work includes Rest Areas, Trail Resurfacing, Concrete Steps, and Brushing Existing Trail.

The trail centerline has been staked and marked with blue flagging at each Work Area and at points along the centerline.

2. Location and Facilities: The project is located on Prince of Wales Island, beginning at LAT 55. 479842, LONG. -133.125725, about 1 mile NE of downtown Craig, Alaska. There are no utilities at the project site. Craig is accessible by scheduled small plane service, ferry to Hollis and paved road from Hollis to Craig, boat, and barge. Cell phone service is typically available on the project site.

Access to the construction area is by foot via the existing Sunnahae Trail, by helicopter, or possibly via an old logging road with permission of the landowner.

The Contractor is responsible for determining the suitability and obtaining permission from the landowner for use of this road.

(a) Price Range: Between $1,000,000 and $5,000,000.

(b) Pre-bid Tour: No pre-bid tour is planned.

(c) Period of Performance: See Part I, Section F, Clause 52.212-3. (April 15. 2023 – October 31, 2024)

(d) Government-Furnished Property: (For details see also Section H, Government Furnished Materials): None

C.2 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

(a) The technical specifications included in Section J are hereby made part of this solicitation and any resultant contract.

(b) The following specifications (including Region 10 Specifications and Special Project Specifications) are hereby made a part of this solicitation and any resultant contract:

1. FOREST SERVICE STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS FOR THE

CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF TRAILS, em-7720-103, (1996).

Copies of the Forest Service Specifications may be viewed online at:

http://www.fs.fed.us/recreation/programs/trailmanagement/documents/plans/supportin g_documents/Trail_Specifications.pdf

C.3 Special Project Specifications included in full text in Section J are as follows:

Section 901—Abbreviations, Acronyms, and Terms

Section 902—Definitions

Section 903—Intent of Contract

Section 904—Maintenance for Traffic

Section 905—Control of Materials

Section 906—Measurement and Payment

Section 907—Quality Assurance and Quantity Measurement

Section 908—Mobilization

Section 910—Clearing and Grubbing

Section 912—Excavation and Embankment

Section 938—Boardwalks

Section 941—Aggregate Surfacing, Stone Work, Ditch, Retainer Log, and Rest Areas

Section 942—Solid Rock Removal

Section 943-- Bedrock Cut Steps

Section 952—Concrete Steps

Section 961 -- Signs

SECTION 901—ABBREVIATIONS, ACRONYMS, AND TERMS

901.01 Terms, Organizations, and Standards

(a) Specification Terms. These specifications are generally written in the imperative mood. In sentences using the imperative mood, the subject “the Contractor,” is implied. Also implied in this language is “shall,” “shall be,” or similar words or phrases. In material specifications, the subject may also be the supplier, fabricator, or manufacturer supplying material, products, or equipment for use on the project. Wherever “directed,” “required,” “prescribed,” or similar words are used, the “direction,” “requirement,” or “order” of the CO is intended. Similarly, wherever “approved”, “acceptable”,” suitable”, “satisfactory”, or similar words are used, they mean “approved by,” “acceptable to,” or “satisfactory to” the CO. The word “will” generally pertains to decisions or actions of the CO. Whenever in these specifications, or in other contract documents, the following terms (or pronouns in place of them) are used, the intent and meaning shall be interpreted as follows: reference to a specific standard, test, testing method, or specification shall mean the latest published edition or amendment that is in effect at the solicitation issue date for the public works contracts.

(b) Abbreviations and Acronyms AASHTO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials AGGR Aggregate AQ Actual Quantities ASTM American Society for Testing and Material AWPA American Wood Preservers Association CL Centerline CO Contracting Officer DQ Design Quantities EA Each FBB Full Bench Blasting hr hour LF Linear Feet LS Lump Sum LSQ Lump Sum Quantities MW Miscellaneous Work NW No Work NBS National Bureau of Standards PS Product Standard issued by the U.S. Department of Commerce RA Rest Area SHT Sheet SOD Stone Open Drain SP Stone Pitching SRS Stone Riser Steps SRW Stone Retaining Wall SS Step Stones WCLIB West Coast Lumber Inspection Bureau WWPA Western Wood Products Association

SECTION 902—DEFINITIONS

When the following terms, or pronouns in place of them, are used in these specifications or in other contract documents, the intent and meaning are as follows:

Base Course. The layer or layers of specified material of designed thickness placed on a trailbed to support surfacing.

Batter. A backward and upward slope of the face of a wall.

Berm. The ridge of material formed on the outer edge of the trail that projects higher than the tread.

Borrow. Suitable materials taken from approved sources designated on the drawings or on the ground, to be used for embankments and backfilling.

Bridge. A structure, including supports, erected over a depression or stream, and having a deck to carry traffic.

Catch Point. The outer limits of a trailway where the excavation and/or embankment intersect with the ground line.

Clearing Limit. The area over and beside the trail that is cleared of trees, limbs, and other obstructions.

Compacted. Consolidation that is obtained by operating a minimum of two passes by a vibrator plate compactor.

Contracting Officer (CO). An official of the Government with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the CO acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the CO.

Danger Tree. An unstable tree 5 inches or greater in diameter at breast height that is likely to fall across the trail.

Designated on the Ground. The location of materials, work areas, and construction items, including lines and grades, marked on the ground with stakes, flagging, tags, or paint.

Drawings. Documents showing details for construction of a facility, including but not limited to straight-line diagrams, trail logs, standard drawings, construction logs, plan and profile sheets, cross-sections, diagrams, layouts, schematics, descriptive literature, and similar materials.

Duff. Organic material overlying rock or mineral soil.

Embankment. A structure of suitable material placed on the prepared ground surface and constructed to the trailbed elevation.

Excess Excavation. Material in the trailway in excess of that needed for construction of designed trailways.

Ford. A water-level stream crossing constructed to provide a level surface for safe traffic passage.

Full Bench. Trailbed constructed entirely on undisturbed material.

Grade. The vertical distance of ascent or descent of the trail expressed as a percentage of the horizontal distance.

Header Rock. Rock laid with the narrow end towards the face of the wall.

Inslope. Where the trail tread is sloped downward toward the backslope.

Mineral Soil. Soil or aggregate that is free from organic substances and contains no particles larger than 2 inches at their greatest dimension.

Outslope. Where the trail tread is sloped downward toward the embankment or daylight side of the trailway.

Sideslope. The natural slope of the ground, usually expressed as a percentage.

Slough. That material from the backslope or the area of the backslope that has raveled onto the trailbed.

Slump. Where the trailbed material has moved downward, causing a dip in the trail grade.

Special Project Specification. Specifications that detail the conditions and requirements peculiar to an individual project, including additions and revisions to the standard specifications.

Surfacing. Material placed on top of the trailbed that provides the desired tread.

Suitable Material. Rock that can be accommodated in the trail structure, and soil free of duff with a recognizable granular texture.

Switchback. A reverse in direction of trail grade with a level landing used to change elevation on a steep slope, usually involving special treatment of the approaches, barriers, and drainages.

Trailbed. The finished surface on which base course or surfacing may be constructed. For trails without surfacing the trailbed is the tread.

Trailway. The portion of the trail within the limits of the excavation and embankment.

Tread. The surface portion of the trail upon which traffic moves.

Turnout. A short section of extra trail width to provide for passage of trail users.

Waterbar. A structure used for turning water off the trail, usually made of logs or stones.

Water Courses. Any natural or constructed channel where water naturally flows or will collect and flow during spring runoff, rainstorms, etc.

SECTION 903—INTENT OF CONTRACT

903.01 Intent. The intent is to provide for the completion of the project described in the contract.

Furnish all labor, materials, equipment, tools, transportation, utilities, and supplies, and perform all work required to complete the project in accordance with drawings, specifications, and provisions of the contract.

The trail is located on a 100’ wide (50’ wide, each side of centerline) planned easement through private land. Any activity outside of the planned easement, including access via the logging road, is on private land and permission for use must be granted by the landowner. The Contractor is responsible for obtaining permission and operating in accordance with the landowner’s requirements.

Due to the fragile nature of the soil, no ground-based construction equipment such as haulers or excavators are allowed. The use of helicopters in the project area is allowed.

SECTION 904—MAINTENANCE FOR TRAFFIC

904.01 General. Before any suspension of work, take precautions necessary to prevent damage to the project, such as temporary detours, approaches, crossings, or intersections, and make provisions for normal drainage and to minimize erosion.

The trail under this contract will be closed to the public until the project is complete. The contractor is responsible for installing professional-appearing, effective trail closure signs and warnings to the public. When trail is closed, provide “trail closed” or “trail closed ahead” signs at the main trailhead and at STA 0+00. Provide barriers at STA 0+00. Provide verbal warnings to the public when the trail and staging area are closed.

SECTION 905—CONTROL OF MATERIALS

905.01 Handling Materials. Transport and handle all materials to preserve their quality and fitness for the work. Stockpile, load, and transport aggregates in a manner that will preserve specified gradation and avoid contamination.

Store materials to assure the preservation of their quality and fitness for the work. Locate stored materials to facilitate their prompt inspection.

SECTION 906—MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT

906.01 General. Measurement and payment for contract work will be made only for and under those pay items included in the SCHEDULE OF ITEMS. All other work and materials will be considered incidental to the work that they are associated with, and included in the payment of the PAY ITEMS in the SCHEDULE OF ITEMS.

When more than one class, size, or thickness is specified in the SCHEDULE OF ITEMS for any PAY ITEM, suffixes will be added to the item number to differentiate between the items.

906.02 Determination of Quantities. The following measurements and calculations are to be used to determine contract quantities for payment:

Mobilization – Measure as Lump Sum for all work in base bid and for all work in option items.

Aggregate Surfacing (Type AS) – Measure in Linear Feet measured along the centerline of the finished trail.

Bedrock Cut Steps (Type BCS) - Measure as Each.

Boardwalk Type B (BW-B) - Measure in Linear Feet measured along the centerline of the finished trail.

Boardwalk Bridge (BW-Bridge) - Measure in Linear Feet measured along the centerline of the trail. Note: The estimated quantity of BW-Bridge shown in the Schedule of Items is greater than is shown in the Trail Log; this will be staked by the contractor for approval during construction at drainages that are exposed during construction and need bridging. These staked BW-Bridges will require 4x6 beams (less than 9’ span).

Brushing Existing Trail – Measure as Linear Feet measured along the centerline of the trail.

Concrete Step (Type CS) – Measure as Each. The location for the CS shown in the Trail Log (Option Item #1) will be staked during construction within the existing trail segment.

Ditch (Type Ditch) – Measure in Linear Feet measured along the centerline of the ditch. Note:

No Ditch is shown in the Trail Log, it will be staked by the contractor for approval during construction in locations where excavation has exposed drainage that requires ditching.

Rest Area (Type RA) – Measure as Each. Includes related benches and Stone Retaining Wall work.

Retainer Log (Type Retainer Log) – Measure in Linear Feet measured along the centerline of the Retainer Log. Note: No Retainer Log is shown in the Trail Log, it will be staked by the contractor for approval during construction in locations where needed to retain the AS on a sideslope.

Solid Rock Removal (Type SRR) – Measure in Linear Feet measured along the centerline of the finished trail.

Signpost (Type Signpost) - Measure as Each

Stone Pitching (Type SP) - Measure in Linear Feet measured along the centerline of the finished trail.

Stone Retaining Wall (Type SRW) – is incidental to Rest Areas, and no additional payment will be made for this item.

Trail Resurfacing – Measure in Linear Feet measured along the centerline of the finished trail.

Manufacturer’s tolerances will be accepted unless controlled by tolerances in the cited specifications.

906.03 Units of Measurement. Payment will be made by units defined and determined according to standard measure and by the following:

(a) Each (EA). One complete unit, which may consist of one or more parts.

(b) Lump Sum (LS). The quantities that denote one complete unit of work as required by or described in the contract, including necessary materials, equipment, and labor to complete the job.

(c) Linear Feet (LF). Measurement in feet taken along the centerline of the trail and parallel to the finished grade.

(d) Square Feet (SF). Measurement taken by determining surface area.

906.04 Methods of Measurement. One of the following methods of measurement for determining final payment is DESIGNATED ON THE SCHEDULE OF ITEMS for each PAY

ITEM:

(a) Designed Quantities. These quantities denote the final number of units to be paid for under the terms of the contract. They are based upon the original design data available prior to advertising the project. Original design data include the preliminary survey information, design assumptions, calculations, and drawings. Changes in the number of units DESIGNATED IN THE SCHEDULE OF ITEMS may be authorized under the following conditions:

(1) As a result of changes in the work approved by the CO.

(2) As a result of the CO determining that errors exist in the original design that cause a PAY ITEM quantity to change by 15 percent or more.

(3) As a result of the contractor submitting to the CO a written request showing evidence of errors in the original design that cause a PAY ITEM quantity to change by 15 percent or more. The evidence must be verifiable and consist of calculations, drawings, or other data that show how the designed quantity is believed to be in error.

(b) Actual Quantities (AQ). These quantities are determined from measurement of completed work or certified receipts.

(c) Lump Sum (LS). These quantities denote one complete unit of work as required by or described in the contract, including necessary materials, equipment, and labor to complete the job.

(d) Vehicle Quantities (VQ). These quantities are measured or weighed in hauling vehicles.

Aggregate woven bags are considered hauling vehicles.

SECTION 907—QUALITY ASSURANCE AND QUANTITY MEASUREMENT

DESCRIPTION

907.01 Work. Work consists of providing certification that the quality and quantity of construction conform to the drawings, specifications, and requirements of the contract.

CONSTRUCTION

907.02 Certification and Measurements

(a) Offsite-Produced Materials. Furnish signed certificates executed by the manufacturer, supplier, or vendor, stipulating that all offsite-produced materials incorporated in the work meet applicable requirements SHOWN ON THE DRAWINGS or stated in the specifications. Furnish a certificate for each commodity or invoice.

(b) Quantity Measurements. Submit quantities to the CO for periodic progress payments, and the CO will compute payments. Quantities are subject to verification.

907.03 Construction Meetings and Approvals

Scheduling For all meetings and coordination listed below and elsewhere in the Specifications, provide 5 day notice of the proposed schedule so the Government may coordinate response.

Trail Segment Construction Meetings.

Prior to beginning excavation and embankment activities for each 1000 feet long trail segment, hold an on-the-ground meeting with the Government Representative to discuss particulars such as alignment, grading, drainage, waste disposal, and any other construction issues.

Aggregate Surfacing and Bedding Subgrade Approval For Aggregate Surfacing, Concrete Steps, Stone Pitching, and Rest Areas, obtain Government inspection and approval after subgrade preparation is complete and before placement of aggregate or bedding. Do not place aggregate until subgrade is approved.

Staking for Approval Stake the following items for approval prior to construction, in conformance with the guidelines shown below:

Item to be staked: Staking Guidelines:

1). Signs As shown on the Rest Area plan 2). Corners of Rest Areas As shown on the Rest Area plan 3). Ditch Where drainage after a rainfall indicates a need 4). Retainer Log Where needed to retain Aggregate Surfacing on a sideslope 5). Boardwalk Bridge (BW-Bidge) Where needed to cross a significant drainage issue exposed during construction (especially after significant rain event)

Representative Samples.

Prepare 10’ long representative samples of each type of construction in this contract (example; 10 LF of Aggregate Surfacing, 10 LF or Concrete Steps, etc.). Obtain review of the representative samples, correct any deficiencies, and obtain final approval before proceeding with any other work of that type. When accepted, the sample will be incorporated into the work. The representative samples will serve as a standard of workmanship and materials for other work on the project.

SECTION 908—MOBILIZATION

908.01 Work. This work consists of moving personnel, equipment, material and incidentals to the project and performing all work necessary before beginning work at the project site. Mobilization includes the costs associated with obtaining permits, insurance, and bonds. Mobilization is not intended to pay for the costs of materials before they are used on the project site. Mobilization should be calculated or all base bid work and a separate mobilization provided for all option item work.

PAYMENT

908.02 Basis. Pay for the accepted work at the contract unit price for the PAY ITEM SHOWN IN

THE SCHEDULE OF ITEMS.

Make progress payments for mobilization as follows:

(a) Reimburse for bond premiums before issuing the Notice to Proceed if evidence of payment is received.

(b) When 5 percent or more of the original contract amount is earned from other PAY ITEMS, pay mobilization at the rate of 50 percent, or up to 5 percent of the original contract amount, whichever is less.

(c) When 10 percent or more of the original contract amount is earned from other PAY ITEMS, pay mobilization at the rate of 100 percent, or up to 10 percent of the original contract amount, whichever is less.

(d) Pay any unpaid amount for mobilization upon final acceptance of all work items.

SECTION 910—CLEARING AND GRUBBING

910.01 Work. Work consists of clearing and grubbing vegetation as described herein.

910.02 Clearing for new trail segments (Base Bid)

Clearing limits are 3 feet minimum each side of trail centerline

Material to Be Cleared and Grubbed and Disposal of Cleared and Grubbed material:

Cut brush and trees less than 4” dbh. Leave trees larger than 4” dbh located outside the trailway standing except if they hinder passage, as approved. Cut tree limbs and branches within 7 feet of the ground and more than 1/2 inch in diameter that extend into the clearing limits. Cut tree limbs flush with the outside of the branch collar

Damaged Trees:

When felling, cutting, or trimming, do not cause bark damage to standing timber. If damage does occur to standing trees, treat the injured trees in an approved manner in accordance with standard arboricultural practices unless approved otherwise by CO. Remove and dispose of trees with major roots exposed by construction that are rendered unstable.

Danger Trees:

Fall trees that are determined to be danger trees by CO. Clean up as provided in 910.03.

910.03 Clearing for Brushing Existing Trail (Option Item #1)

Clearing limits are 7 feet minimum each side of trail centerline Clear all vegetation to within 4” of ground level.

Place all cleared vegetation on the downhill side of the trail, below the clearing limits.

SECTION 912—EXCAVATION AND EMBANKMENT

912.01 Work.

Work consists of hand-excavating for the installation of various types of Aggregate Surfacing, Rest Areas, and Boardwalks.

912.02 Work.

Conserve and use soil and herbaceous vegetation and moss removed during excavation to revegetate excavated areas to provide a neat appearance and to control erosion.

Place excess and unsuitable excavation beyond the downslope edge of the trailbed, except in locations where the material would be placed within 5’ of a stream or in staked locations where it is desirable not to impact the native vegetation; in these locations place in approved locations. Do not obstruct drainage and spread to a depth not exceeding 4 inches. This includes any material removed in the grubbing operation and deposited in the same area.

Remove organic soil to the depth required to accommodate the aggregate surfacing and provide the finished grades specified on the drawings.

Obtain approval of trailbed prior to placing, aggregate surfacing, and concrete steps.

912.03 Cut and Fill Slopes. Construct trail so cut and fill slopes are less than the angle of repose.

Trim exposed roots flush with the finished cut slope.

912.04 Ditch. Stake ditch locations for approval after grubbing the trail bed and a period of rain to identify subsurface and surface drainage needing a ditch. Construct ditch adjacent to Type AS in accordance with the drawing for Type AS-Ditch. Construct ditches not adjacent to Type AS to same dimensions shown on the drawing. Where needed, construct Type AS with a dip to allow water to flow across trail from the ditch.

SECTION 938 — BOARDWALK, TIMBERS, AND FASTENERS

938.01 Work.

This work consists of Boardwalk Type B (BW-B) and Boardwalk Bridges (BW-Bridge) and misc. timber materials.

MATERIALS

938.02. Lumber and timbers

Provide the following:

Decking: : Western Red Cedar, Alaska Yellow Cedar or Coastal Douglas Fir; Grade #2 or better, S4S. If Coastal Douglas Fir, treat with Klear-Guard 25 in accordance with AWPA UC4A. No treatment required for cedar species.

Beams: Coastal Douglas Fir, Grade #1, S4S, Treated with Copper Napthenate in Heavy Oil for ground contact. in accordance with AWPA UC4B. Field treat cut ends.

Sills and Backer Boards: Coastal Douglas Fir, Grade #1, S4S, Treated with Copper Napthenate in Heavy Oil for ground contact in accordance with AWPA UC4B. Cut to length prior to treatment.

Sleepers for benches: Coastal Douglas Fir, Grade #1, S4S, Treated with Copper Napthenate in Heavy Oil for ground contact in accordance with AWPA UC4B. Cut to length prior to treatment.

938.03 Non-Skid Surface.

Use ½” x ½” x 24” wide, 19GA min. Hot-Dip Galvanized hardware cloth. Attach with 18 ga.

min., ¾” long, stainless steel, narrow or medium crown staples, or other method as approved.

938.04 Fasteners

Provide Simpson Strong-Tie SDWS Timber Screws, Exterior Grade, as follows:

FASTENER SCHEDULE

Connection Fastener Type

Si Location Quantity

Decking to beam Timber Screws 4” Decking into beam 4 per deck board

4x6 beam to sill Timber Screws 6” Toenail beam to sill, stagger

4 per sill

Stacked sills, Backer board

Timber Screws 4” Connect stacked 4 per connection Sills, backer boards together

Retainer Log stake Timber Screws 6” to 10” as 2 per stake to Retainer Log needed to provide 3” min. into

938.05 Boardwalk. Miter decking joints at sills to achieve a tight fit. Leave 3/8" gap between decking planks. Install planks crown side up and selectively match adjacent planks to ensure a maximum elevation difference of 1/4". If boards contain wane, place the wane side down.

938.06 Non-skid.

Install hardware cloth so wires on top are oriented perpendicular to the direction of travel and so cloth lays flat on decking with 2” min. overlap at joints. Install joints at turns in boardwalk only, with continuous pieces between. Make all cuts to hardware cloth so there are no wire ends sticking up.

Staple edges 3” on center minimum, and staple to decking (inside of stapled edges) at rate of approximately 5 staples per square foot. Use stapler type capable of providing accurate placement and full embedment

938.07 Preservative Treatment of Cut Ends. For preservative treated lumber, apply three coats of Copper Naphthenate (2% solution) to all cut ends.

SECTION 941 — AGGREGATE SURFACING, STONE WORK, DITCH, RETAINER

LOG, AND REST AREAS WITH BENCHES WITH MOUNTED PLAQUES

DESCRIPTION

941.01 Work.

The work consists of constructing Aggregate Surfacing (Type AS), Ditch (Type Ditch), Trail Resurfacing, Stone Pitching (Type SP), Rest Areas (Type RA), Retainer Log (Retainer Log), and Stone Retaining Wall (Type SRW) at Rest Areas #4 and #8.

941.02 Handling Materials.

Stockpile, remove, transport, and spread aggregates in a manner that will preserve specified gradation and avoid contamination.

941.03 Aggregate Surfacing (AS), Trail Resurfacing, and Bedding Material.

For all aggregate applications, provide 1-1/2” minus crushed rock, meeting the following gradation requirements:

Sieve Size

Passing

1.5” 100 1” 93 ¾” 84 ½” 61

3/8” 48 ¼” 34 #4 27

Provide a sieve analysis conforming to AASHTO T-11 and T-27, performed by a qualified testing lab showing results taken from stockpile sample.

941.04 Stone For Stone Pitching and Stone Retaining Wall.

Select stone for Retaining Stone and set aside at stone quarry or other approved location for approval prior to transporting to the work site. Remove sharp edges for natural appearance.

941.05 Seed-Free Aggregate.

Provide aggregate materials that are free of viable seeds or vegetative material. Ensure that contamination does not occur from equipment and tools used to handle aggregate or construct trail. Thoroughly wash all equipment and tools that come into contact with aggregate or are used at the work site, to remove all soil, debris, and other material that could contain seed or vegetative material. Use only aggregate from an active stockpile that is certified weed free. Provide notification one week before moving material from the source facility to allow inspection.

941.06 Required Stone Sizes and Shapes.

Hand select native or imported stone to provide the general shape and dimensions required.

Stones to be sound and durable.

Select stone that meets the following size and shape requirements:

Stone Pitching (SP) surfacing

0.3 cubic foot minimum volume 4” min. thickness over at least 2/3 of the stone’s area A generally flat top surface that is suitable for a walking surface

Stone Pitching (SP) Riser Stones

1.5 cubic foot minimum volume, unless approved by COR. Construct steps primarily from single stones, however two stones may be used if fit tightly together and are .75 cubic foot min. size.

A shape suitable for constructing a stable step A generally flat top surface suitable for a 6” min. step depth.

Stone Pitching (SP) Gargoyles

2 cubic foot minimum volume 15” minimum height above ground in finished installation 12” minimum average width and thickness Each gargoyle to be from a single stone.

Select shape for appearance as approved.

Stone Retaining Wall (SRW) at Rest Areas #4 and #8

1.5 cubic foot minimum volume for capstones and foundation stones 1 cubic foot minimum volume for stones other than capstones and foundation stones Select and place stones for reasonably tight fit against each other

941.07 REST AREAS MATERIALS

Aggregate Pad Use crushed rock as specified in 941.03.

Geotextile Use Mirafi 550X Geotextile Fabric, Woven, or approved equal.

Benches Provide benches for Rest Areas as described below. Each bench to include a plaque as shown.:

Manufacturer: Pilot Rock, www.pilotrock.com Model: Model PWB-G -4P*34 Green (PN) Installation/Mount: Base Surface Mount Frame Finish: Hot Dip Galvanized Steel Seat: Recycled Plastic, 4 ft Color: Green (PN)

Bench-mounted plaque:

Provide manufacturer provided and installed laminated impact acrylic plaques inset-routed into the front seat plank as shown on the drawing below. Plaque to be 1.5”H x 11.75” wide, color: beige with chocolate brown letters. Lettering to be made in the Font called Bywayc-amwx.ttf or approved equal. Text to be ¾” high.

MOCK-UPS OF TYPICAL PLAQUES

Bench Mounted Plaque Schedule:

Rest Area Sign Text

Rest Area #1 TRAILHEAD BENCH – EL. 50’

Rest Area #2 TOP-OF-STAIRS BENCH – EL. 750’

Rest Area #3 SWITCHBACK BENCH – EL. 900’

Rest Area #4 MUSKEG BENCH – EL. 1,500’

Rest Area #5 FERN PATCH BENCH – EL. 1,700’

Rest Area #6 CLIFF BENCH #1–EL. 2,400’

Rest Area #7 CLIFF BENCH #2 – EL. 2,400’

Rest Area #8 MOUNTAIN BENCH – EL. 2,450’

Sleepers Mount benches on 8x8 timber sleepers. See Specification 938.02 for preservative treatment requirements.

Duckbill Anchors Use Model 68 Duckbill Anchors with 42” long, 3/16’ galvanized cable with swaged cable loop at anchor end. Use 2ea. galvanized cable clamps to form a loop on each cable end.

941.08 Trail Resurfacing

Use crushed rock as specified in 941.03.

941.09 REST AREAS.

Staking final location Stake the proposed perimeter and finished pad elevation of each Rest Area for approval prior to commencing clearing and grubbing.

Clearing and Grubbing Contain all excavated materials in bags or other means and remove from project area or place in location that is unseen from the trail. Do not place excavated material on unprotected ground.

Aggregate Placement Install aggregate up to the level of bottom of the sleeper and compact with vibratory plate compactor prior to placing sleeper. Place sleeper on compacted pad, install Duckbill anchors, and install remainder of fill. Compact pad and add or remove material to ensure surface is level with the top of the sleeper.

Duckbill Anchors Drive anchor to 36” depth or to refusal using Duckbill Drive Steel of appropriate size for anchor.

Use hand driver or mechanical driver if needed to achieve full embedment.

Set the anchor using method specified by Duckbill. Ensure full setting tension is achieved before connecting the cable to the sleeper.

Connect cable to sleeper by forming a loop using 2ea. Galvanized cable clamps per cable. Connect loop to sleeper with 3/8” x 4” galvanized lag bolt. Ensure that all slack is taken out of cable when attaching cable to sleeper.

Benches Assemble bench per manufacturer’s directions.

Attach bench to sleepers with galvanized lag bolts, size as recommended by the manufacturer.

Ensure that bench is completely restrained by the cables and adjust the tension the cables if necessary.

941.10 Handling of Aggregate.

Contain aggregate in bags until it is installed on the trail. Do not place aggregate directly on the ground outside of the trailway without a tarp or some other means of separation.

941.11 Compaction and Finished Grading.

Compact Types AS, Trail Resurfacing, and Rest Areas with 2 passes from a vibratory plate compactor. Following final spreading, smoothing and compaction, correct any irregularities or depressions that develop by adding or removing material until the surface is uniform.

941.12 Acceptance, Testing, Sampling, and Tolerances.

Provide the minimum compacted thickness of aggregate surfacing shown on the Drawings. If excess aggregate has been delivered to the work area it may be stockpiled in approved locations or spread evenly over the trail; the method to be approved and at no cost to the Government.

Do not vary the aggregate width by more than ± 2 inch from the specified width or place it consistently narrower or wider than the specified width, except as SHOWN ON THE

DRAWINGS.

SECTION 942 — SOLID ROCK REMOVAL

942.01 Work.

Solid Rock Removal (Type SRR) consists of creating a trail surface from sloping solid rock, mucking out excavated areas and finishing the exposed bedrock to provide a finished trail surface and installing Aggregate Surfacing where the finished bedrock surface is not suitable.

MATERIAL

942.02 Aggregate Surfacing.

Use 1-1/2” crushed rock as specified in 941.03.

942.03 Methods. Use abrasive cutting tool or other method capable of producing finished product that meets the dimension, finish, and other requirements. Blasting is not anticipated.

942.04 Type SRR Tread Finish.

Provide a uniform tread surface that is free draining and provides a suitable walking surface as approved. Treat surface to remove tool marks and provide a natural appearing surface, as approved.

If tread cannot be made to provide a suitable walking surface, install Aggregate Surfacing as approved.

942.05 Drainage Dip in Type SRR.

Where the trail crosses perennial or intermittent water drainages and seeps, provide a drainage dip in the trail tread to channel water cleanly across the trail as approved. Dips to be of a size and shape to carry water across trail without creating undue walking hazard.

SECTION 943— BEDROCK CUT STEPS

943.01 Work. Work consists of cutting steps into bedrock with an abrasive tool or other method as approved. Follow the curving alignment staked on the ground. Construct to the dimensions shown in the Trail Log. Finished work to have similar quality to that shown in the photos in this specification.

The work also includes mucking out the excavated area and finishing the surfaces to provide a finished trail surface and backwall.

MATERIAL

943.02 No material is anticipated for this work.

943.03 Methods. Use abrasive cutting tool or other method capable of producing finished product that meets the dimension, finish, and other requirements.

943.04 Finish. Construct a uniform tread surface that is free draining and does not deviate vertically more than 1/2 inch from a straight edge placed in any direction on the finished rock surface. Treat surface to remove tool marks to the extent practicable and provide a natural appearing surface, as approved.

943.05 Drainage. Install measures above steps to ensure that water does not run down the finished steps. This may include clearing, ditching, or other methods as approved.

943.06 Mucking Out. Remove organic soil, roots, and other material for 18” min. from both sides of the the steps. Dispose of material out of sight from the trail.

943.07 Examples of acceptable work.

SECTION 952 — CONCRETE STEPS

952.01 Work. This work consists of providing Concrete Steps (CS); preparing the trailbed;

furnishing, hauling, and placing aggregate bedding material; and installing Concrete Steps. See also Section 941.03 and the drawings.

952.02 Concrete Steps Fabrication. Provide precast concrete steps equal in quality and finished appearance to those shown in the drawings.

Manufacturer to have a minimum of 5 years of experience providing architectural precast concrete products such as steps, walls, and building facades.

Cast steps from 5,000 psi concrete mix, under controlled conditions. Submit mix design for approval prior to casting.

Testing:

1. Obtain samples and conduct tests in accordance with ACI 301 Section 1.6.4.

2. One (1) set of three (3) cylinders shall be cast for testing.

3. For each specified test: cure one (1) cylinder for 28-day test age. Test one (1) cylinder at seven days, test one (1) cylinder at twenty-eight days, and hold one (1) cylinder in reserve as the CO directs. After fifty-six days, unless notified by the CO to the contrary, the reserve cylinder may be discarded without being tested for specimens meeting 28-day strength requirement.

4. Acceptance. Strength is satisfactory when:

a) The average of all tests equal or exceed the specified strength.

b) No individual test falls below the specified strength by more than 500 psi.

Testing is not required if the proposed concrete mix design has been successfully tested for manufacture of this product for installations on the Tongass NF, or as approved. Past suppliers of this product include:

Rainforest Contracting Inc, Petersburg, AK, Ph. (907) 518-1289 Ketchikan Ready Mix, Ketchikan, AK Ph. (360) 832-4751 Northwest Precast, Puyallup, WA, Ph. (253) 770-9119

Provide one sample step or submit clear and detailed photos of one sample step, for approval of finish prior to the production of remaining steps.

952.03 Trailbed Preparation and Approval. See Section 912.

952.04 Handling of Aggregate. Do not place aggregate directly on the ground outside of the trailway without a tarp or some other means of separation. Do not allow the aggregate to become contaminated by seeds. See also 941.04 Seed-Free Aggregate.

952.05 Compaction and Finished Grading. For aggregate bedding material, compact with a vibratory plate compactor, two passes. Following final spreading, smoothing and compaction, correct any irregularities or depressions that develop by adding or removing material until the surface is smooth and uniform.

952.06 Acceptance, Testing, Sampling, and Tolerances. Provide the minimum compacted thickness of aggregate bedding material shown in the drawings. If excess aggregate has been delivered to the work area it may be stockpiled in approved locations or spread evenly over the trail; the method to be approved and at no cost to the Government.

952.07 Representative Sample. Prepare a representative sample installation of four Concrete Steps (CS) at an approved location that will serve as a standard of workmanship and materials for other work on the project. Obtain review of the representative sample, correct any deficiencies, and obtain final approval before proceeding with like work. When accepted, the sample will be incorporated into the work.

SECTION 961 – SIGNS

961.01 This work consists of furnishing and installing 2 routed signs on posts, including excavation, backfill, and associated materials and hardware.

MATERIAL

961.02 Signs to conform to Forest Service EM-7100-15, Sign and Poster Guidelines for the Forest Service or as SHOWN ON THE DRAWINGS.

961.03 Signs to be routed HDPE signs conforming to the specifications for the TD-1 standard Forest Service Trail signs with 1” letters, brown with cream letters. Signs to be provided by:

Wood Product SIGNS (https://www.woodproductsigns.com/usfs-trail-signs) or approved equivalent.

Provide a fabricator’s sketch of each sign with dimensions shown for approval prior to ordering the signs.

961.04 Sign posts to be peeled 6” red or yellow cedar poles collected from approved locations on National Forest lands or provided from onsite.

961.05 Sign layout as follows:

Sign at Trailhead

Sign at “Fern Patch Bench”

961.05 General. Erect signs and posts of the type and at the locations as DESIGNATED ON THE

GROUND.

961.06 Post Installation. Set posts to be plumb. Backfill the post holes with suitable material in 6 inch layers and compact material to produce a solid installation.