Attachment 1_Draft PWS.pdf

Performance Work Statement

Navy Expeditionary Combat Command (NECC)

COMBAT SHOOTING TRAINING PROGRAM ANALYSIS SERVICES (CSTPAS)

1.1 Mission

1.1.1 Agency’s Mission. U.S. Fleet Forces (USFF) is responsible for coordinating, establishing, and implementing integrated requirements and policies for manning, equipping, and training Atlantic and Pacific fleet units, Strike Groups (SG), and Strike Forces (SF) in the execution of the Fleet

Response Plan (FRP) in support of and as required by Navy policy, U.S. Joint Forces Command, and unified commanders.

1.1.2 The Fleet Response Training Plan (FRTP) was instituted specific to USFF’s fleet training mission and serves as the framework in which units, SG(s), and SF(s) are trained and certified in operational readiness. The tenets of the training mission rely on the formation of fleet training policy and directives to implement the FRP ensuring efficient use of resources, time, and personnel to attain the required level of readiness. The FRTP is structured around fleet school-house curriculum / instruction, exportable team training, schoolhouse wargames, networked synthetic / simulation driven exercises, and live training.

1.2 Background and Objective

1.2.1 Background. The Chief of Naval Operations established the Navy Expeditionary Combat

Command (NECC) on 1 October 2005. NECC formally stood up on 13 January 2006, as a

Functional Commander for shore-based expeditionary type forces within the Navy. Its mission is to man, train, and equip naval forces to operate in an integrated fashion; to provide a secure environment for forces and logistics to flow ashore from the sea base; to support naval and joint combat forces with explosive ordnance disposal, combat engineering and construction; inland waterway operations; force protection and anti-terrorism; and to develop the capability of assigned forces to extend Joint Forces Maritime Component Commander (JFMCC) Domain

Awareness into the riparian environment.

1.2.1.1 A primary NECC effort, the Expeditionary Combat Skills Training Continuum (ECSTC) mandates a basic force protection small arms training qualification per OPNAVINST

3591(Series) and NECCINST 3591.

1.2.2 Objective. Provide a comprehensive Combat Shooting Training Program Analysis Services

(CSTPAS) program in direct support of the Expeditionary Combat Skills Training Continuum

(ECSTC).

2.0 TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

2.1 Scope of Work. This PWS establishes the performance requirements for the institution of the

CSTPAS program and will provide up to five (5) Combat Shooting Program Analysts (CSTPA) as subject matter experts (SME) to NECC. The CSTPA is tasked to provide technical and analytical support in execution of the current support and the future development and execution of a sustainment CSTP with proven practical knowledge and state of the art technologies, methods, and techniques. The CSTPA will work in close coordination with the NECC Learning

Standards Officer (LSO), Contracting Officer’s Representative (COR), and NECC N7. All course modifications work will be conducted at JEB Little Creek, Virginia Beach, VA.

2.2 Statement of Objective. Services will be requested and controlled by means of specific objectives and constraints described as tasks. Additional details, sub-tasks, may be required for the purpose of defining a specific area within a task. Tasks and sub-tasks within the scope of work may be added, deleted, and re-defined, throughout the designated period of performance (POP) as necessary to carry out the Government mission.

2.3 Task(s)/Requirements.

2.3.1 NECC Support.

2.3.1.1 Professional and Technical Services.

2.3.1.1.1 The contractor shall provide professional and technical CTSPA/SME combat shooting training program support as directed by NECC. This support shall include formal Expeditionary Combat Skills

(ECS) course execution of a mix of live fire, blended live fire and simulation courses, not to exceed a total of eighteen (18) convenings per year. Small arms simulators will be provided by the Navy for the purposes of instruction.

2.3.1.1.2 Provide Combat Shooting Instructor Training module in a blended synthetic/live-fire environment. Utilizing the existing courses of instruction, the contractor shall recommend course changes to instructional components, sequencing and clustering of learning events and objectives, task learning relationships, and instructional design plans (including instructor guides, trainee guides, objectives, lesson plans, course master schedules testing guides/plan) in accordance with Naval Education and Training

Command Manual 130 (Series) as well as the designs (qualitative and / or quantitative performance measures) for the assessment and improvement of complex training. No more than twenty (20) hours of labor per year shall be expended building the change proposal. Upon completion of the proposed instructional component changes, they shall be submitted (copyright annotation free) to and become property of NECC.

2.3.1.1.3 Provide Combat Shooting Instructor Training Module exclusively for a live range. Utilizing the existing courses of instruction, the contractor shall recommend course changes to instructional components, sequencing and clustering of learning events and objectives, task learning relationships, and instructional design plans (including instructor guides, trainee guides, objectives, lesson plans, course master schedules testing guides/plan) in accordance with Naval Education and Training Command

Manual 130 (Series) as well as the designs (qualitative and / or quantitative performance measures) for the assessment and improvement of complex training. No more than twenty (20) hours of labor per year shall be expended building the change proposal. Upon completion of the proposed instructional component changes, they shall be submitted (copyright annotation free) to and become property of

NECC.

2.3.1.1.4 Deliver up to eight (8) 10-day Combat Shooting Instructor Training Modules in a blended synthetic/live- fire environment for up to 15 NECC personnel in Virginia Beach/Norfolk, VA and

Gulfport, MS.

Specific course requirements:

-Course will be an instructor facilitated period of instruction (POI) designed to teach the critical skills required to conduct dynamic weapons training as outlined in the NECC Category III and IV courses of fire leading to qualification. The POI will include training in a synthetic and live fire small arms system with a final evaluation on a live–fire range; training on live ranges and synthetic systems, training for instructors on the requisite combat shooting skills as defined in accordance with COMNECCINST 3591.1 utilizing synthetic and live fire. The vendor will provide one (1) instructor per five (5) students. Safety and medical personnel will be provided by the Navy.

a. Two (2) days of dynamic firearms instructor pistol training course up to 15 NECC personnel.

b. Two (2) days of dynamic firearms instructor rifle training course up to 15 NECC personnel.

c. Six (6) days of course qualification and dynamic stress course instruction and proper live-fire training and qualification execution.

d. The contractor will provide targets (reactive and non-reactive) and shot timers as outlined in the COMNECC3591.1 to support both Live and Synthetic POI’s. The Navy will provide barricades.

2.3.1.1.5 Deliver up to eight (8) 10-day Combat Shooting Instructor Training Modules in a blended synthetic/live- fire environment for up to 15 NECC personnel in San Diego, CA and Port Hueneme, CA.

Specific course requirements:

-Course will be an instructor facilitated period of instruction (POI) designed to teach the critical skills required to conduct dynamic weapons training as outlined in the NECC Category III and IV courses of fire leading to qualification. The POI will include training in a synthetic and live fire small arms system with a final evaluation on a live–fire range; training on live ranges and synthetic systems, training for instructors on the requisite combat shooting skills as defined in accordance with COMNECCINST 3591.1 utilizing synthetic and live fire. The vendor will provide one (1) instructor per five (5) students.

a. Two (2) days of dynamic firearms instructor pistol training course up to 15 NECC personnel.

b. Two (2) days of dynamic firearms instructor rifle training course up to 15 NECC personnel.

c. Six (6) days of course qualification and dynamic stress course instruction and proper live-fire training and qualification execution.

d. The contractor will provide targets (reactive and non-reactive), and shot timers as will provide barricades.

2.3.1.1.6 Deliver one (1) 10-day class via live fire for up to 15 NECC personnel in Rota, Spain.

Specific requirements include:

-Course will teach and qualify personnel to be instructors for the combat shooting unit training in accordance with NECCINST 3591.1 utilizing live fire.

a. Five (5) days of dynamic weapons instructor pistol training course for up to 15 NECC personnel.

b. Five (5) days of dynamic weapons instructor rifle training course for up to 15 NECC personnel.

c. The contractor will provide targets (reactive and non-reactive), and shot timers as will provide Steel Reinforced Targets (SRT) and barricades.

2.3.1.1.7 Deliver one (1) 10-day live fire class for up to 15 NECC personnel in Guam.

Specific requirements include:

-Course will teach and qualify personnel to be instructors for the combat shooting unit training in accordance with NECCINST 3591.1 utilizing live fire.

a. Five (5) days of dynamic weapons instructor pistol training course for up to 15 NECC personnel.

b. Five (5) days of dynamic weapons instructor rifle training course for up to 15 NECC personnel.

c. The contractor will provide targets (reactive and non-reactive), and shot timers as will provide Steel Reinforced Targets (SRT) and barricades.

2.3.1.1.8 The contractor shall provide 40 consultation hours to assist NECC with technical working groups, meetings, and conferences to support Combat Shooting Instructor Training Module (CSITM) within the ECSTC. Consultation hours may be virtual and are at the discretion of NECC. A plan for consultation hours must be approved by the COR before the start of any work.

3.0 PERSONNEL

3.1 Combat Shooting Training Program Analyst (CSTPA)/SME. The CSTPA/SME shall have the following qualifications/experience level:

3.1.1 Strong background in the development and maintenance of instructional materials.

3.1.2 Five (5) years of experience developing curriculum and training for combat related topics to include extensive combat training for firearms such as handgun, rifle, and small unit tactics.

3.1.3 Two (2) years of experience providing training/curriculum development for small arms and tactical training to Navy or Army special operation forces.

3.1.4 Two (2) years of experience and performance based metric delivering small arms training in a synthetic environment and developing instructor and “train the trainer” programs for advanced combat shooting and small unit tactics in a synthetic environment.

3.1.5 Two (2) years of experience training with reactive steel target systems.

3.1.6 Two (2) years of experience in live fire/judgment based training and range safety.

3.1.7 Two (2) years of experience training military personnel in combat skills training using a pass/fail system methodology.

3.1.8 Two (2) years of experience training in the NECC or other military service Category III/IV methodology and qualification process.

3.1.9 Capability to train contractor and military instructors to teach new courseware.

3.1.10 Familiarity with curriculum development using interactive courseware/computer based training

(ICW/CBT).

3.1.11 Ability to deliver instructor led training (ILT) and provide oversight at all levels.

3.1.12 Familiarity with curriculum development in integrated learning environment (ILE).

3.1.13 Familiarity with instructional system development (ISD) in accordance with NAVEDTRA 131A or NAVEDTRA 130.

3.1.14 Familiarity with curriculum development using sharable content object reference model

(SCORM) methodology.

3.1.15 Two (2) years of military experience as a Weapons Training Leading Chief Petty Officer, or military equivalent, relating directly to the training of both instructors and students in enhanced combat skills such as combat shooting and small unit tactics is recommended.

4.0 PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE

The period of performance for this contract will be for a five (5) year ordering period with the option for a

6-month extension in accordance with FAR 52.217-8, as needed.

5.0 TRAVEL

5.1 Travel to CONUS locations will be scheduled to include up to eight (8) training modules for ten (10) days in duration on the east coast at the following locations: Virginia Beach/Norfolk, VA and Gulfport, MS. Up to eight (8) training modules for ten (10) days in duration will be scheduled on the west coast at the following locations: San Diego, CA and Port Hueneme, CA. Specific travel dates cannot be provided until after contract award.

5.1.1 Travel to OCONUS locations will be scheduled to include one (1) 10-day course in Rota, Spain and one (1) 10-day course in Guam. Specific travel dates cannot be provided until after contract award.

5.2 Travel costs/expenses will be considered reasonable and allowable only to the extent that they do not exceed on a daily basis, the maximum per diem rates in effect at the time of the travel. Travel expenses include airfare, per diem, rental car, local travel and miscellaneous expenses as authorized by the Joint

Federal Travel Regulations (JFTR). Costs for transportation may be based upon mileage rates, actual costs incurred or a combination thereof, provided the method used results in a reasonable charge. No mileage costs will be incurred when travel is within a 50-mile radius of the primary work location. The

JFTR, while not wholly applicable to contractors, will provide the basis for the determination as to reasonable and allowable. Maximum use is to be made of the lowest available customary standard coach or equivalent airfare accommodations available during normal business hours. All necessary travel meeting the above criteria will be approved in advance by the COR. Exceptions to these guidelines will be approved in advance by the Contracting Officer or Designee.

The following not-to-exceed travel amounts will be included:

Period Not to Exceed Travel Amount

Ordering Period 1 TBD

Ordering Period 2 TBD

Ordering Period 3 TBD

Ordering Period 4 TBD

Ordering Period 5 TBD

5.3. The Contractor must comply with OCONUS anti-terrorism force protection travel requirements.

5.3.1 The information provided in this section is strictly a summary of the applicable SOFAs and country-specific requirements and should not be construed as all-inclusive. It is the contractor's responsibility to review, understand and comply with all SOFA and country-specific requirements applicable to this contract.

SOFA status defines the benefits received by the contractor and/or the contractor’s dependents. These benefits include, but are not limited to, commissary, postal, military banking privileges, on-base education and access to United States military medical facilities. The SOFA status usually defines the prosecution for criminal offenses in the USG OCONUS court system and laws as opposed to the Host Nation judicial system and laws but that will vary by location. The Government may, at the discretion of the Base

Commander, provide contractor employees and authorized dependents logistics support as mentioned in the previous paragraph. This only applies to foreign countries that have a SOFA. The NATO SOFA is the governing document with respect to the status of forces in NATO countries. The NATO SOFA is silent to many issues, such as how and when SOFA status is granted to contractors. Issues like this are addressed in various bilateral agreements that the United States has with other countries, and the requisite requirements differ from country to country.

5.3.2 DOD CONTRACTOR SOFA Status (Spain)

The 1989 Agreement on Defense Cooperation (ADC), and local laws, supplement the NATO SOFA.

Under Annex 6, Article 1.1 of the ADC, contractors are authorized to work in Spain with prior approval from the Permanent Committee. Military authorities of the United States may propose to the Permanent

Committee the designation of persons who are nationals of or ordinarily resident in the United States, whose presence in Spain is considered necessary solely for the purpose of executing a contract with the

United States for the benefit of the U.S. forces or U.S. and Spanish armed forces in the exercise of the functions authorized. Persons designated by the Permanent Committee shall be accorded during their temporary stay in Spain the same treatment as members of the civilian component.

5.3.3 DOD CONTRACTOR Insurance (Spain)

All contractor companies are required to have insurance under Annex 6 of the ADC. The requirement mandates a level of coverage between 6,000 and 900,000 Euros, depending on specific circumstances.

This is required before the contracting company can obtain country clearance(s) for their employees, regardless of whether their employees will be designated contractor employees, “tech reps”, or employees of non-Spanish and non-commercial organizations. Therefore, insurance under Annex 6 will be required for a contractor to enter Spain.

The Government of the United States shall require that insurance contracts be affected to cover civil liabilities that may be incurred in Spanish territory. These civil liabilities include acts or omissions done in the performance of duty by employees of contractors and subcontractors of the U.S. forces. Before the start of work by the contractor or subcontractor, the military authorities of the United States shall transmit to the Permanent Committee a document issued by the insurance company. This document must certify insurance coverage of the civil liabilities, in an amount considered sufficient by the Permanent Committee for this class of contract.

6.0 DELIVERABLES AND DELIVERY

6.1 Approval Authority. The contracting officer, alternate contracting officer, or ordering officer is the only government representative with the authority to request proposals, negotiate price, and obligate the government. The NECC COR will oversee the review, acceptance, and rejection process to ensure that quality proficiency based training materials and services are developed, delivered, and installed in accordance with the specifications of the requirement.

6.2 Standards and Requirements. All deliverables must meet professional standards and meet the requirements set forth in contractual documentation. The contractor will be responsible for delivering all end items specified. The following items are deliverables, which fall within the scope of this task, and which are illustrative of the type of work the Government expects to order.

6.3 Specific Deliverables.

6.3.1 Per section 2.3.1 the following deliverables will be provided to COMNECC N7 in electronic

(Word) format.

6.3.1.1 NETC NAVEDTRA 130 formatted Instructor Guide, Trainee Guide, Combat Shooting Instructor

Guides as well as all course documents shall be submitted in electronic and paper formats within

60 days of start date.

6.3.1.2 Provide a representative as required to consult with the Center for Security Forces (CSF) to complete transitioning of CSITM course products to a formal NETC ESAMI Course of

Instruction (COI) for COMNECC.

6.3.2 Course critiques, class standings, grades, and class history data shall be provided within one (1) week of each class completion.

6.3.3 The contractor shall provide a monthly contract status update to include deliverable completion status, contract financial status, and issues and concerns.

7.0 REPORTS.

7.1 In addition to the reports listed below, additional reports may be requested as needed and in accordance with reporting requirements. Reports shall be reviewed during the monthly contract review meeting.

7.1.1 Monthly Progress Report. The contractor shall provide monthly status/progress reports consistent with the invoice period, by the 5th workday of the month to the GR/GPM, NECC N7 and COR.

The reports shall include the following information:

7.1.1.1 Activities of the Past Month. A summary of the action taken and progress made on outstanding tasks for the past month, problems, issues, and technical assistance log (as applicable).

7.1.1.2 Activities of the Next Month. A review of the work planned for the next month to meet task requirements, anticipated risk, and/or issues.

8.0 ADP ENVIRONMENT

8.1 All reports, technical documentation, developed training courses, training plans, etc. must be fully operable with standard Department of Navy (DON), NMCI desktop and portable MS Windows operating based systems unless otherwise specified.

8.2 Content Integrity. The contractor shall take necessary action, including use of commercially available virus software, to ensure all documentation is free of elements that might be detrimental to the secure operation of the resource operating system, including the following:

8.2.1 Malicious code

8.2.2 Trojans, worms, logic bombs, and other computer viruses

8.2.3 Backdoors

8.2.4 Ad-ware, Spy-ware, or web bugs that have the ability to track user behavior

8.2.5 Code that permits functions that are beyond the actual publicized intent of application capability

8.2.6 Software that will not function properly with the operating system configured secure

8.2.7 Code that permits functions that are beyond the actual publicized intent of application capability

9.0 GOVERNMENT FURNISHED AND CONTRACTOR ACQUIRED RESOURCES

9.1.1 Government Furnished Information (GFI). Initial delivery of required GFI to support this effort shall be provided within 15 working days from the date of contract award. Subsequent identification of required GFI may necessitate a GFI request by the contractor. Each request shall be either in writing or by electronic mail and directed to the GR/GPM with a copy to the COR.

After validating the request for additional GFI, the GR/GPM shall coordinate with the COR to identify, locate, and deliver the information within ten (10) working days upon receiving the request and shall notify the contractor in writing or by electronic mail should additional time be required. The contractor shall coordinate all requests for additional technical and contractual information with the GR/GPM. The contractor shall acknowledge receipt of all GFI (that is, materials other than those downloaded from websites) in writing or by electronic mail to the

GR/GPM within five (5) working days after receipt. All GFI will be returned to the forwarding

Government agency when the effort is completed, or if directed by the GR/GPM, destroyed using applicable procedures. The contractor will have access to the following:

9.1.2 Government Furnished Tools and Software. The government will furnish the contractor with the following Government owned tools for their use. This PWS does not require the contractor to develop any tools for production or management of ILE content. The contractor shall use the tools provided. Tools provided by the Government to the contractor are:

• Navy Marine Corp Intranet (NMCI) access as required

9.2 Government Furnished Equipment (GFE) and Government Furnished Facilities (GFF).

Expeditionary sailors are issued personal protection equipment (PPE) and NECC provides expeditionary sailors with weapons and ammunition for training. NECC will provide synthetic small arms systems in Virginia Beach, VA, Gulfport, MS, San Diego, CA, and Port Hueneme, CA. NECC will provide Live–Fire ranges at Gulfport, MS, Port Hueneme, CA, Guam, and Rota, Spain only. NECC will provide Non-Combat Expenditure Allowance (NCEA) to support training requirements to students only. The government will provide steel reinforced targets (SRT) and barricades for live fire training. The government will provide small arms simulators for the blended live/simulation classes.

9.3 Contractor Furnished Equipment, Facilities, Support. The contractor shall provide all facilities, (with the exception of live fire ranges as detailed in 8.2 above), personnel management, equipment, consumables, paper targets, training materials, services, and clerical support to perform the tasks specified in this PWS. This shall include, but is not limited to range and classroom facilities within 40 miles of JEB Little Creek, VA, San Diego, CA, Port Hueneme, CA.

The government will provide range facilities and classrooms at Gulfport, MS. Rifle ranges must have a minimum depth of 100 yards. All course development will be conducted in contractor facilities unless otherwise specified. Contractor will provide personal weapons and ammunition to support effective skill demonstration during the POI. Contractor will ensure compliance with state and local directives for transportation and use personal fire arms during the POI.

9.4 Required Minimum Notification Periods. The government will provide a minimum of 30 days notification for training events in the Continental United States (CONUS) and 90 days notification for training events outside the Continental United States (OCONUS). The vendor is not required to support training events that are requested inside the minimum notification windows.

10.0 CONFERENCES AND MEETINGS

10.1 General Requirements

10.1.1 All program related conferences and meetings shall be co-chaired by the GR/GPM and contractor.

10.1.2 The contractor shall participate in meetings and reviews held at either contractor or government facilities.

10.1.3 The contractor shall make facilities available for government-only meetings during all conferences, meetings, and reviews held at contractor facilities.

10.1.4 The contractor shall prepare an agenda and minutes for each conference and meeting.

10.1.5 The contractor shall be prepared to explain the reasoning, assumption, and methodologies in arriving at particular conclusions, recommendations, or alternatives in the accomplishment of the tasks required by the contract.

10.1.6 The contractor shall prepare drawings and other data, as required, to aid in the presentations.

10.1.7 The contractor shall have key personnel and support available to carry out the conferences and meetings.

10.1.8 Face-to-face meetings between government and contractor personnel will require authorization from the GR/GPM. . Once approved, the GR/GPM and contractor must agree upon the specific location, date, and duration of the conference or meeting. Changes to the scheduled meeting or conference must be submitted via electronic mail to, and approved by, both the GR/GPM and contractor.

11.0 ADMINISTRATIVE CONSIDERATIONS

11.1 Security Clearances. Work under this PWS will be conducted up to the UNCLASSIFIED level.

The contractor shall abide by all USFF, DON, and DOD rules, procedures and standards of conduct. The COR will provide the contractor a DD Form 254. The contractors request for visit authorization shall be submitted in accordance with DOD 5220.22M (Industrial Security Manual for Safeguarding Classified Material) not later than one (1) week prior to visit.

All Contractor personnel fulfilling the requirements of this PWS will have a current Defense

Counterintelligence and Security Agency (DCSA) issued clearance up to the UNCLASSIFIED level.

11.2 Privacy Act Compliance. The contractor may be in contact with data and information subject to the Privacy Act of 1974 (Title 5 of the U.S. Code Section 552a). The contractor shall ensure that its employees assigned to this effort understand and adhere to the requirements of the Privacy Act and to DOD and DON regulations that implement the Privacy Act. DON policy and procedures implementing the Privacy Act are detailed in SECNAVINST 5211.5 (series), which is available on-line at http://privacy.navy.mil. The contractor shall identify and safeguard data, information and reports accordingly. The contractor shall ensure that contractor employees assigned to the contract are trained on properly identifying and handling data and information subject to the

Privacy Act prior to commencing work.

11.3 Place of Performance Work will be performed in Virginia Beach, VA, Gulfport, MS, San Diego, CA, Port Hueneme, CA, Rota, Spain and Guam.

11.4 Other Direct Costs (such as travel-related costs). Other Direct Costs (such as travel-related costs) will not be reimbursable. This will be a firm fixed price contract for line items corresponding to

2.3.1.1.1.1 through 2.3.1.1.1.7 of this Performance Work Statement.

APPENDIX A

Acronyms

CBT Computer Based Training

COR Contracting Officer Representative

CSTM Combat Support Training Module

CSTPA Combat Shooting Training Program Analyst

CSTPAS Combat Shooting Training Program Analysis Services

DOD Department of Defense

DON Department of Navy

ECS Expeditionary Combat Skills

ECSTC Expeditionary Combat Skills Training Continuum

FRP Fleet Response Plan

FRTP Fleet Response Training Plan

GFE Government Furnished Equipment

GFF Government Furnished Facilities

GFI Government Furnished Information

GR/GPM Government Representative/Government Project Manager

ICW Interactive Courseware

ILE Integrated Learning Environment

ILT Instructor Led Training

ISD Instructional System Development

JFMCC Joint Forces Maritime Component Commander

KO Contracting Officer

LSO Learning Standards Officer

MS Microsoft

MSR Monthly Status Report

NAVICP Naval Inventory Control Point

NCEA Non-Combat Expenditures Allowance

NECC Navy Expeditionary Combat Command

NMCI Navy Marine Corps Intranet

POP Period of Performance

PPE Personal Protective Equipment

PWS Performance Work Statement

SCORM Sharable Content Object Reference Module

SF Strike Forces

SG Strike Group

SME Subject Matter Expert

TA Technical Assistant

USFF US Fleet Forces