INDEX OF CONSTRUCTION AND MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS

Spec No Construction Specification Spec No Material Specification

Pollution Control

523 Rock for Riprap

Seeding, Sprigging, and Mulching

Mobilization and Demobilization

21 Excavation

23 Earth fill

61 Rock Riprap

210 H 642 CS 6 (June 2024) 1

Construction Specification 5—Pollution Control

Subsidiary for bid item - 1

1. Scope The work consists of installing measures or performing work to control erosion and minimize the production of sediment and other pollutants to water and air from construction activities.

The following BioPreferred® product categories are applicable to this specification: — mulch and compost materials, erosion control materials, fertilizers, dust suppressants, agricultural spray adjuvants

2. Material Silt fence shall conform to the requirement of Materials Specification 592, Geotextile. All other material furnished shall meet the requirements of the material specifications listed in section 8 of this specification.

3. Erosion and sediment control measures and works The measures and works shall include, but are not limited to, the following:

Staging of earthwork activities—The excavation and moving of soil materials shall be scheduled to minimize the size of areas disturbed and unprotected from erosion for the shortest reasonable time.

Seeding—Seeding to protect disturbed areas shall occur as soon as reasonably possible following completion of that earthwork activity.

Mulching—Mulching to provide temporary protection of the soil surface from erosion.

Diversions—Diversions to divert water from work areas and to collect water from work areas for treatment and safe disposition. They are temporary and shall be removed and the area restored to its near original condition when the diversions are no longer required or when permanent measures are installed.

Stream crossings—Culverts or bridges where equipment must cross streams. They are temporary and shall be removed and the area restored to its near original condition when the crossings are no longer required or when permanent measures are installed.

Sediment basins—Sediment basins collect, settle, and eliminate sediment from eroding areas from impacting properties and streams below the construction site(s). These basins are temporary and shall be removed and the area restored to its original condition when they are no longer required or when permanent measures are installed.

Sediment filters—Straw bale filters or geotextile silt fences trap sediment from areas of limited runoff. Sediment filters shall be properly anchored to prevent erosion under or around them. Silt fences shall be installed and maintained in accordance with ASTM D6462. These filters are temporary and shall be removed and the area restored to its original condition when they are no longer required or when permanent measures are installed.

Waterways—Waterways for the safe disposal of runoff from fields, diversions, and other structures or measures. These works are temporary and shall be removed and the area restored to its original condition when they are no longer required or when permanent measures are installed.

Other—Additional protection measures as specified in section 8 of this specification or required by Federal, State, or local government.

(210-VI-NEH, January 2014) 5-2

210 H 642 CS 6 (June 2024) 2

4. Chemical pollution The contractor shall provide watertight tanks or barrels or construct a sump sealed with plastic sheets to collect and temporarily contain chemical pollutants, such as drained lubricating or transmission fluids, grease, soaps, concrete mixer washwater, or asphalt, produced as a by-product of the construction activities. Pollutants shall be disposed of in accordance with appropriate state and Federal regulations. At the completion of the construction work, tanks, barrels, and sumps shall be removed and the area restored to its original condition as specified in section 8 of this specification. Sump removal shall be conducted without causing pollution.

Sanitary facilities, such as chemical toilets, or septic tanks shall not be located next to live streams, wells, or springs. They shall be located at a distance sufficient to prevent contamination of any water source. At the completion of construction activities, facilities shall be disposed of without causing pollution as specified in section 8 of this specification.

5. Air pollution The burning of brush or slash and the disposal of other materials shall adhere to state and local regulations.

Fire prevention measures shall be taken to prevent the start or spreading of wildfires that may result from project activities. Firebreaks or guards shall be constructed and maintained at locations shown on the drawings.

All public access or haul roads used by the contractor during construction of the project shall be sprinkled or otherwise treated to fully suppress dust. All dust control methods shall ensure safe construction operations at all times. If chemical dust suppressants are applied, the material shall be a commercially available product specifically designed for dust suppression and the application shall follow manufacturer's requirements and recommendations. A copy of the product data sheet and manufacturer's recommended application procedures shall be provided to the engineer 5 working days before the first application.

6. Maintenance, removal, and restoration All pollution control measures and temporary works shall be adequately maintained in a functional condition for the duration of the construction period. All temporary measures shall be removed and the site restored to near original condition.

7. Measurement and payment Method 1—For items of work for which specific unit prices are established in the contract, each item is measured to the nearest unit applicable. Payment for each item is made at the contract unit price for that item. For water or chemical suppressant items used for dust control for which items of work are established in section 8 of this specification, measurement for payment will not include water or chemical suppressants that are used inappropriately or excessive to need. Such payment will constitute full compensation for the completion of the work.

Method 2—For items of work for which lump sum prices are established in the contract, payment is made as the work proceeds and supported by invoices presented by the contractor that reflect actual costs. If the total of all progress payments is less than the lump sum contract price for this item, the balance remaining for this item will be included in the final contract payment. Payment of the lump sum contract price will constitute full compensation for completion of the work.

(210-VI-NEH, January 2014) 5-3

210 H 642 CS 6 (June 2024) 3

Method 3—For items of work for which lump sum prices are established in the contract, payment will be prorated and provided in equal amounts on each monthly progress payment estimate. The number of months used for prorating shall be the number estimated to complete the work as outlined in the contractor's approved construction schedule. The final month's prorate amount will be provided with the final contract payment. Payment as described will constitute full compensation for completion of the work.

All Methods—The following provisions apply to all methods of measurement and payment. Compensation for any item of work described in the contract, but not listed in the bid schedule is included in the payment for the item of work to which it is made subsidiary. Such items, and the items to which they are made subsidiary, are identified in section 8 of this specification.

NRCS-02/2025

OH-EWP-BLESSING RD 5-4

8. Items of work and construction details Items of work to be performed in conformance with this specification and the construction details therefore are:

Subsidiary Item - Pollution Control

1. The Contractor is required to provide the Contracting Officer's Representative with a written Pollution Control Plan of Operations for this project. The plan shall be submitted prior to the pre-construction conference, and reviewed by all parties during the pre-construction conference.

2. The Contractor shall perform the work of this project in a manner consistent and in conformance with Federal, State, or Local Government regulations, to protect the site and downstream areas from degradation.

3. Method of Payment.

Section 7 Measurement and Payment does not apply. No separate payment will be made for Pollution Control. Compensation for this item will be included in the payment for Bid Item 1 - Mobilization / Demobilization.

210 H 642 CS 6 (June 2024) 4

Construction Specification 6 — Seeding, Sprigging, and Mulching

Bid Item - 5

A. Scope

1. The work consists of preparing the area for treatment; furnishing and placing seed, sprigs, mulch, fertilizer, inoculant, lime, and other soil amendments; and anchoring mulch in designated areas as specified.

2. The following BioPreferred® product categories are applicable to this specification:

a. Mulch and compost materials

b. Erosion control materials

c. Fertilizers

d. Agricultural spray adjuvants

B. Material

1. Seed.

a. All seed must conform to the current rules and regulations of the state where it is being used and must be from the latest crop available. It must meet or exceed the standard for purity and germination listed in Section G.

b. Seed must be labeled in accordance with the state laws and the U.S.

Department of Agriculture rules and regulations under the Federal Seed Act in effect on the date of invitations for bids. Bag tag figures are evidence of purity and germination. No seed will be accepted with a test date of more than 9 months before the delivery date to the site.

c. Seed that has become wet, moldy, or otherwise damaged in transit or storage will not be accepted. The percent of noxious weed seed allowable must be as defined in the current state laws relating to agricultural seeds. Each type of seed must be delivered in separate sealed containers and fully tagged unless an exception is granted in writing by the contracting officer.

2. Fertilizer. Unless otherwise specified, the fertilizer must be a commercial-grade fertilizer. It must meet the standard for grade and quality specified by state law.

Where fertilizer is furnished from bulk storage, the contractor must furnish a supplier’s certification of analysis and weight. When required by the contract, a representative sample of the fertilizer must be furnished to the contracting officer for chemical analysis.

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3. Inoculants. The inoculant for treating legume seeds must be a pure culture of nitrogen-fixing bacteria prepared specifically for the species and must not be used later than the date indicated on the container or as otherwise specified. A mixing medium, as recommended by the manufacturer, must be used to bond the inoculant to the seed. Two times the amount of the inoculant recommended by the manufacturer must be used (unless seed is applied using a hydraulic seeder; then four times the amount must be used). Seed must be sown within 24 hours of treatment and must not remain in the hydraulic seeder longer than 4 hours.

4. Lime and Other Soil Amendments. Lime must consist of standard ground agriculture limestone or approved equivalent. Standard ground agriculture limestone is defined as ground limestone meeting current requirements of the state’s Department of Agriculture. Other soil amendments must meet quality criteria and application requirements specified in Section G.

5. Mulch Tackifiers. Asphalt emulsion tackifiers must conform to the requirements of ASTM D977, Specification for Emulsified Asphalt. The emulsified asphalt may be rapid setting, medium setting, or slow setting. Non-asphaltic tackifiers required because of environmental considerations must be as specified in Section G.

6. Straw Mulch Material. Straw mulch must consist of wheat, barley, oat or rye straw, hay, grass cut from native grasses, or other plants as specified in Section G.

The mulch material must be air-dried reasonably light in color and must not be musty, moldy, caked, or otherwise of low quality. The use of mulch that contains noxious weeds is not permitted. The contractor must provide a method satisfactory to the contracting officer for determining weight of mulch furnished.

7. Other Mulch Materials. Mulching materials, such as wood cellulose fiber mulch, mulch tackifiers, synthetic fiber mulch, netting, and mesh may be required for specialized locations and conditions. These materials, when specified, must be accompanied by the manufacturer’s recommendations for methods of application.

C. Seeding Mixtures, Sod, Sprigs, and Dates of Planting

1. The application rate per acre for seed mixtures, sprigs, or sod and the date of seeding or planting must be as shown on the plans or as specified in Section G.

D. Seedbed Preparation and Treatment

1. Dress areas to be treated to a smooth, firm surface. On sites where equipment can operate on slopes safely, adequately loosen and smooth the seedbed (4 to 6 inches deep). Depending on soil and moisture conditions, disking, cultipacking, or both, may be necessary to properly prepare a seedbed. Where equipment cannot operate safely, prepare the seedbed by methods like scarifying, providing a roughened soil surface by hand so that broadcast seed will remain in place.

2. If seeding is to be accomplished immediately following construction operations, seedbed preparation may not be required except on a compacted, polished, or freshly cut soil surface.

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3. Rocks larger than 6 inches in diameter, trash, weeds, and other debris that will interfere with seeding or maintenance operations must be removed or disposed of as specified in Section G.

4. Discontinue seedbed preparation when soil moisture conditions are not suitable for the preparation of a satisfactory seedbed as determined by the responsible engineer.

E. Seeding, Sprigging, Fertilizing, Mulching, and Stabilizing

1. Perform all seeding or sprigging operations in such a manner that the seed or sprigs are applied in the specified quantities uniformly in the designated areas.

The method and rate of seed application must be as specified in Section G. Unless otherwise specified, seeding or sprigging must be accomplished within 2 days after final grading is completed and approved.

2. Apply fertilizer, lime, and other soil amendments as specified in Section G. When specified, the fertilizer and soil amendments must be thoroughly incorporated into the soil immediately following surface application.

3. The rate, amount, and kind of mulching or mesh must be as specified in Section G. Apply mulches uniformly to the designated areas. They must be applied to areas seeded not later than 2 working days after seeding has been performed.

Stabilize straw mulch material within 24 hours of application using a mulch crimper or equivalent anchoring tool or by a suitable tackifier. When the mulch crimper or equivalent anchoring tool is used, it must have straight blades and be the type manufactured expressly for and capable of firmly punching the mulch into the soil. Where the equipment can be safely operated, it must be operated on the contour. Use hand methods where equipment cannot safely operate to perform the work required.

4. Apply the tackifier uniformly over the mulch material at the specified rate or inject it into the mulch material as it is being applied. Stabilizing materials like mesh or netting must be applied smoothly but loosely on the designated areas.

The edges of these materials must be buried or securely anchored using spikes or staples as specified in Section G.

5. The contractor must maintain the mesh or netting areas until all work under the contract has been completed and accepted. Maintenance must consist of the repair of areas damaged by water erosion, wind, fire, or other causes. Such areas must be repaired to reestablish the intended condition and to the design lines and grades required by the contract. The areas must be re-fertilized, reseeded, and re-mulched before the new application of the mesh or netting.

F. Measurement and Payment

1. Method 1. For items of work for which specific unit prices are established in the contract, each area treated is measured as specified in Section G and area is calculated to the nearest 0.1 acre. Payment for treatment is made at the contract unit price for the designated treatment, which will constitute full compensation for completion of the work.

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a. When specified as an item of work, mesh or netting is measured to the nearest square yard of surface area covered and accepted. Payment is made at the contract unit price and will constitute full compensation for completion of the work.

2. Method 2. For items of work for which specific lump-sum prices are established in the contract, the quantity of work will not be measured for payment. Payment for this item is made at the contract lump-sum price for the item and will constitute full compensation for the completion of the work.

3. Method 3. For items of work for which lump-sum prices are established in the contract, payment is made as the work proceeds. Progress payments will be determined as specified in Section G. Payment of the lump-sum contract price will constitute full compensation for completion of the work.

4. All Methods. The following provisions apply to all methods of measurement and payment. Compensation for any item of work described in the contract but not listed in the bid schedule is included in the payment for the item of work to which it is made subsidiary. Such items and the items to which they are made subsidiary are identified in Section G.

G. Items of Work and Construction Details construction details therefore are:

Bid Item 5 - Seeding, Sprigging, and Mulching

This item shall include seeding and mulching of all disturbed areas within the construction limits as shown and described in the drawings.

1. Fertilizer

All areas shall have fertilizer uniformly applied at the following rates:

• Nitrogen (N) - 40 pounds per acre

• Phosphorus P2O5 - 60 pounds per acre

• Potassium K2O - 50 pounds per acre

2. Seed

All seed shall be labeled, tagged or marked in accordance with Section 907.03 of the Revised Code of Ohio. Seed tags showing germination and purity shall be attached to all bags.

No pre-mixed seed shall be used unless the following conditions are met:

a. The weight, purity, and germination for each kind of seed is specified on the tag for each lot of seed. Seeding rates shall be adjusted for Pure Live Seed (PLS) at the time of seeding. Pure Seed (PLS) = percent germination. Seed shall have the equivalent of a minimum of 80% pure live seed.

When the percent purity multiplied by the percent germination gives a percentage less than 80, the rate of seeding will be increased to provide a minimum PLS of 80.

210 H 642 CS 6 (June 2024) 8

b. Seeding mixtures and rates per acre:

• Turf-type Fescue – 40 pounds PLS per acre

• Kentucky Bluegrass - 20 pounds PLS per acre

• Perennial Ryegrass - 25 pounds PLS per acre

• Cereal Ryegrass - 50 pounds PLS per acre

3. Seedbed Preparation

Seedbed preparation shall be completed within 48 hours after application of fertilizer. All areas accessible to equipment shall be disked to incorporate fertilizer and to prepare a seedbed a minimum of three inches deep. The final seedbed preparation operation shall be performed across the slope and immediately prior to seeding. Suitable equipment shall be used to smooth the seedbed prior to seeding. On areas inaccessible to a disk, a one-inch minimum seedbed will be prepared using suitable tillage tools or hand tools. All rocks greater than 3 inches in size shall be removed.

4. Sowing the Seed Seeding shall be completed as soon as practical after final grading. Broadcast the seed and cover approximately 1/4-inch deep with a light harrow, culti-packer, or other suitable equipment, operated across the slope. On areas too steep or otherwise inaccessible to equipment, the seed shall be covered with a hand rake, or other suitable equipment.

5. Mulch and Method of Anchoring

Mulch shall consist of (wheat, rye, or barley) straw and shall be applied uniformly at 5,000 air-dried LBS per acre. Mulch shall be applied within 48 hours after application of seeding. All bailing wire and twine shall be removed from the seeded and mulched areas. No anchoring is required.

6. Method of Payment Specific unit price is established in the contract; the area is calculated to the nearest 0.1 acre. Payment for treatment is made at the unit cost price, which will constitute full compensation for completion of the work.

210 H 642 CS 8 (June 2024) 1

Construction Specification 8 — Mobilization and Demobilization

Bid item - 1

1. The work consists of the mobilization and demobilization of the contractor’s forces and equipment necessary for performing the work required under the contract. It does not include mobilization and demobilization for specific items of work for which payment is provided elsewhere in the contract. Mobilization will not be considered as work in fulfilling the contract requirements for commencement of work.

B. Equipment and Material

1. Mobilization includes all activities and associated costs for transportation of contractor’s personnel, equipment, and operating supplies to the site;

establishment of offices, buildings, and other necessary general facilities for the contractor’s operations at the site; premiums paid for performance and payment bonds including coinsurance and reinsurance agreements as applicable; and other items specified in Section D of this specification.

2. Demobilization includes all activities and costs for transportation of personnel, equipment, and supplies not required or included in the contract from the site, including the disassembly, removal, and site cleanup of offices, buildings, and other facilities assembled on the site specifically for this contract.

3. This work includes mobilization and demobilization required by the contract at the time of award. If additional mobilization and demobilization activities and costs are required during the performance of the contract as a result of changed, deleted, or added items of work for which the contractor is entitled to an adjustment in contract price, compensation for such costs will be included in the price adjustment for the item or items of work changed or added.

C. Payment

1. Payment will be made as the work proceeds after presentation of paid invoices or documentation of direct costs by the contractor showing specific mobilization and demobilization costs and supporting evidence of the charges of suppliers, subcontractors, and others. When the total of such payments is less than the lump-sum contract price, the balance remaining will be included in the final contract payment. Payment of the lump sum contract price for mobilization and demobilization will constitute full compensation for completion of the work.

210 H 642 CS 21 (June 2024) 1

2. Payment will not be made under this item for the purchase costs of materials having a residual value, the purchase costs of materials to be incorporated in the project, or the purchase costs of operating supplies.

D. Items of Work and Construction Details

Bid Item 1 - Mobilization and Demobilization

1. This item shall consist of mobilizing and demobilizing all forces, equipment, and materials necessary for performing the work required under this contract.

2. Any ingress/egress or storage/lay-down areas within the Work Limits must be returned to the condition existing prior to construction. Any storage/lay-down areas outside the Work Limits shall be coordinated between the Contractor and Landowner.

3. Items subsidiary to this bid item are:

a. Pollution Control -Construction Specification 5

Method of Payment

Payment of the lump sum contract price for mobilization and demobilization will constitute full compensation for completion of the work.

210 H 642 CS 21 (June 2024) 1

Construction Specification 21 — Excavation

Bid Item - 2

1. The work consists of the excavation required by the drawings and specifications, as well as the disposal of the excavated materials.

B. Classification

1. Excavation is classified as common excavation, rock excavation, or unclassified excavation in accordance with the following definitions.

2. Common excavation is defined as the excavation of all materials that (1) can be excavated, transported, and unloaded using heavy ripping equipment and wheel tractor-scrapers with pusher tractors or (2) can be excavated and dumped into place or loaded onto hauling equipment by excavators having a rated capacity of 1 cubic yard or larger and equipped with attachments (shovel, bucket, backhoe, dragline, or clam shell) appropriate to the material type, character, and nature of the materials.

3. Rock excavation is defined as the excavation of all hard, compacted, or cemented materials that require blasting or the use of ripping and excavating equipment larger than defined for common excavation. The excavation and removal of isolated boulders or rock fragments larger than 1 cubic yard encountered in materials otherwise conforming to the definition of common excavation must be classified as rock excavation. The presence of isolated boulders or rock fragments larger than 1 cubic yard is not in itself sufficient cause to change the classification of the surrounding material.

a. For the purpose of these classifications, the following definitions apply:

(1) Heavy ripping equipment is a rear-mounted, heavy-duty, single-tooth, ripping attachment mounted on a track-type tractor having a power rating of at least 250-flywheel horsepower, unless otherwise specified in Section J.

(2) A wheel tractor-scraper is a self-loading (not elevating) and unloading scraper having a struck-bowl capacity of at least 12 cubic yards.

(3) A pusher tractor is a track-type tractor having a power rating of at least 250-flywheel horsepower equipped with appropriate attachments.

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4. Unclassified excavation is defined as the excavation of all materials encountered, including rock materials, regardless of their nature or the manner in which they are removed.

C. Blasting

1. The transportation, handling, storage, and use of dynamite and other explosives must be directed and supervised by someone of proven experience and ability who is authorized and qualified to conduct blasting operations.

2. Blasting must be done in a manner that prevents damage to the work or unnecessary fracturing of the underlying rock materials. It must conform to any special requirements in Section J of this specification. When specified in Section J, the contractor must furnish the engineer, in writing, a blasting plan before blasting operations begin.

D. Use of Excavated Material

1. Method 1. To the extent they are needed, all suitable material from the specified excavations must be used in the construction of required permanent earthfill or rockfill. The suitability of material for specific purposes is determined by the engineer. The contractor must not waste or otherwise dispose of suitable excavated material.

2. Method 2. Suitable material from the specified excavations may be used in the construction of required earthfill or rockfill. The suitability of material for specific purposes is determined by the engineer.

E. Disposal of Waste Materials

1. Method 1. All surplus or unsuitable excavated materials are designated as waste and must be disposed of at the locations shown on the drawings.

2. Method 2. All surplus or unsuitable excavated materials are designated as waste and disposed of by the contractor at chosen sites away from the site of the work.

The disposal must be in an environmentally acceptable manner that does not violate local rules and regulations.

F. Excavation Limits

3. Excavations must comply with the Occupational Safety and Health

Administration Construction Industry Standards Subpart P, Excavations, Trenching, and Shoring (29 CFR pt. 1926). All excavations must be completed and maintained in a safe and stable condition throughout the total construction phase. Structure and trench excavations must be completed to the specified elevations and to the length and width required to safely install, adjust, and remove any forms, bracing, or supports necessary for the installation of the work.

Excavations outside the lines and limits shown on the drawings or specified herein are required to meet safety requirements and must be the responsibility of the contractor in constructing and maintaining a safe, stable excavation.

G. Borrow Excavation

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1. When the quantities of suitable material obtained from specified excavations are insufficient to construct the specified earthfills and earth backfills, obtain additional material from the designated borrow areas. The extent and depth of borrow pits within the limits of the designated borrow areas are as specified in Section J or as approved by the engineer.

2. Borrow pits must be excavated and finally dressed to blend with the existing topography. They are sloped to prevent ponding and to provide drainage.

H. Over Excavation

1. Correct excavation in rock beyond the specified lines and grades by filling the resulting voids with Portland Cement concrete. Materials and mix proportions must be approved by the engineer. Concrete that will be exposed to the atmosphere when construction is completed must meet the requirements of concrete selected for use under Construction Specification 31, Concrete for Major Structures, or 32, Structure Concrete, as appropriate.

2. Concrete that will be permanently covered must contain not less than five bags of cement per cubic yard. The concrete must be placed and cured as specified by the engineer.

3. Correct excavation in earth beyond the specified lines and grades by filling the resulting voids with approved compacted earthfill. The exception to this is that if the earth will become the subgrade for riprap, rockfill, sand or gravel bedding, or drainfill, the voids may be filled with material conforming to the specifications for the riprap, rockfill, bedding, or drainfill. Before correcting an over excavation condition, the contractor must review the planned corrective action with the engineer and obtain approval of the corrective measures.

I. Measurement and Payment

1. Unit Price Methods. For items of work for which specific unit prices are established in the contract, the volume of each type and class of excavation within the specified pay limits is measured and computed to the nearest cubic yard by the method of average cross-sectional end areas or by methods outlined in Section J of this specification. Regardless of quantities excavated, the measurement for payment is made to the specified pay limits except when excavation outside the specified lines and grades directed by the engineer to remove unsuitable material is included. Excavation required because unsuitable conditions result from the contractor’s improper construction operations, as determined by the engineer, is not included for measurement and payment.

2. Method 1. The pay limits are as designated on the drawings.

3. Method 2. The pay limits are defined as follows:

a. The upper limit is the original ground surface as it existed before the start of construction operations, unless excavation is performed within areas designated for previous excavation or earthfill; then the upper limit is the modified ground surface resulting from the specified previous excavation or earthfill.

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b. The lower and lateral limits are the neat lines and grades shown on the drawings.

4. Method 3. The pay limits are defined as follows:

a. The upper limit is the original ground surface as it existed before the start of construction operations, unless excavation is performed within areas designated for previous excavation or earthfill; then the upper limit is the modified ground surface resulting from the specified previous excavation or earthfill.

b. The lower and lateral limits is the true surface of the completed excavation as directed by the engineer.

5. Method 4. The pay limits are defined as follows:

a. The upper limit is the original ground surface as it existed before the start of construction operations, unless excavation is performed within areas designated for previous excavation or earthfill; then the upper limit is the modified ground surface resulting from the specified previous excavation or earthfill.

b. The lower limit is at the bottom surface of the proposed structure.

c. The lateral limits are 18 inches outside of the outside surface of the proposed structure or are the vertical planes 18 inches outside of and parallel to the footings, whichever gives the larger pay quantity, except as provided in paragraph d below.

d. For trapezoidal channel linings or similar structures that are to be supported by the sides of the excavation without intervening forms, the lateral limits are at the underside of the proposed lining or structure.

e. For the purposes of the definitions in paragraphs b, c, and d above, any specified bedding or drainfill directly beneath or beside the structure will be considered to be a part of the structure.

6. All Methods. The following provisions apply to all methods of measurement and payment.

a. Payment for each type and class of excavation is made at the contract unit price for that type and class of excavation. Such payment will constitute full compensation for all labor, materials, equipment, and other items necessary and incidental to the performance of the work with the exception that extra payment for backfilling over excavation will be made in accordance with the following provisions.

b. Payment for backfilling over excavation, as specified in Section H of this specification, is made only if the excavation outside specified lines and grades is directed by the engineer to remove unsuitable material and the unsuitable condition is not a result of the contractor’s improper construction operations as determined by the engineer.

c. Compensation for any item of work described in the contract but not listed in the bid schedule is included in the payment for the item of work to which it is made subsidiary. Such items and the items to which they are made subsidiary are identified in Section J of this specification.

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J. Items of Work and Construction Details

Bid Item 2 - Excavation

Excavation (Unclassified)

1. This item shall consist of all excavation required to construct this project. This includes excavation under and behind the rock riprap.

2. All excavation on this project is designated as "unclassified excavation" and shall consist of all materials encountered regardless of their nature or the manner in which they are removed.

3. Contractor shall excavate down to elevations indicated on typical sections for dike repair.

reshaping and re-compacting and dike reinforcement riprap and sand base, installation.

Contractor shall install 18" wide horizontal key-in at the proposed dike toe.

4.Use of excavated material shall be by Method 1: Excavated earthen cut material from dike reshaping and installation of dike reinforcement is to be used as earth fill material to reshape the dike and fill and repair voids caused by animal burrows and other damage.

Method of Payment

Method 1. The pay limits are as designated on the drawings earth work summary quantities.

210 H 642 CS 23 (June 2024) 1

Construction Specification 23 — Earth fill

Bid Item - 3

1. The work consists of the construction of earth embankments, other earthfills, and earth backfills required by the drawings and specifications.

2. Earthfill is composed of natural earth materials that can be placed and compacted by construction equipment operated conventionally.

3. Earth backfill is composed of natural earth material placed and compacted in confined spaces or adjacent to structures (including pipes) by hand tamping, manually directed power tampers or vibrating plates, or their equivalent.

B. Material

1. All fill material must be obtained from required excavations and designated borrow areas. The selection, blending, routing, and disposition of material in the various fills must be subject to approval by the engineer.

2. Fill materials must contain no frozen soil, sod, brush, roots, or other perishable material. Rock particles larger than the maximum size specified for each type of fill must be removed prior to compaction of the fill.

3. The types of material used in the various fills must be as listed and described in the specifications and drawings.

C. Foundation preparation

1. Foundations for earthfill must be stripped to remove vegetation and other unsuitable material or must be excavated as specified.

2. Except as otherwise specified, earth foundation surfaces must be graded to remove surface irregularities and must be scarified parallel to the axis of the fill or otherwise acceptably scored and loosened to a minimum depth of 2 inches. The moisture content of the loosened material must be controlled as specified for the earthfill and the surface material of the foundation must be compacted and bonded with the first layer of earthfill as specified for subsequent layers of earthfill.

3. Earth abutment surfaces must be free of loose, uncompacted earth in excess of 2 inches in depth normal to the slope and must be at such a moisture content that the earthfill can be compacted against them to produce a good bond between the fill and the abutments.

4. Rock foundation and abutment surfaces must be cleared of all loose material by hand or other effective means and must be free of standing water when fill is

210 H 642 CS 23 (June 2024) 2 placed upon them. Occasional rock outcrops in earth foundations for earthfill, except in dams and other structures designed to restrain the movement of water, must not require special treatment if they do not interfere with compaction of the foundation and initial layers of the fill or the bond between the foundation and the fill.

5. Foundation and abutment surfaces must be no steeper than one horizontal to one vertical unless otherwise specified. Test pits or other cavities must be filled with compacted earthfill conforming to the specifications for the earthfill to be placed upon the foundation.

D. Placement

1. Earthfill must not be placed until the required excavation and foundation preparation have been completed and the foundation has been inspected and approved by the engineer. Earthfill must not be placed upon a frozen surface nor have snow, ice, or frozen material incorporated in the earthfill matrix.

2. Earthfill must be placed in approximately horizontal layers. The thickness of each layer before compaction must not exceed the maximum thickness specified in section J or shown on the drawings. Materials placed by dumping in piles or windrows must be spread uniformly without exceeding the specified thickness before being compacted.

3. Hand-compacted earth backfill must be placed in layers whose thickness before compaction does not exceed the maximum thickness specified for layers of earth backfill compacted by manually directed power tampers.

4. Place earth backfill in a manner that prevents damage to the structures and allows the structures to assume the loads from the earth backfill gradually and uniformly.

The height of the earth backfill adjacent to a structure must be increased at approximately the same rate on all sides of the structure.

5. Meet the following additional requirements for earthfill and earth backfill in dams, levees, and other structures designed to restrain the movement of water.

a. The distribution of materials throughout each zone must be essentially uniform and the earthfill free from lenses, pockets, streaks, or layers of material differing substantially in texture, moisture content, or gradation from the surrounding material. Zone earthfills must be constructed concurrently unless otherwise specified.

b. Scarified the surface of each layer parallel to the axis of the fill to at minimum a depth of 2 inches before the next layer is placed.

c. The top surface of embankments must be maintained approximately level during construction with two exceptions: a crown or cross-slope of about 2 percent must be maintained to ensure effective drainage, or as otherwise specified for drainfill or sectional zones.

d. Construct dam embankments in continuous layers from abutment to abutment except where openings to facilitate construction or to allow the passage of streamflow during construction are specifically authorized in the contract.

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e. Embankments built at different levels as described under paragraphs c or d above must be constructed so that the slope of the bonding surfaces between embankments in place and embankments to be placed is not steeper than 3 feet horizontal to 1 foot vertical. The bonding surface of the embankment in place must be stripped of all material not meeting the requirements of this specification and must be scarified, moistened, and recompacted when the new earthfill is placed against it. This ensures a good bond with the new earthfill and obtains the specified moisture content and density at the contact of the in-place and new earthfills.

E. Control of moisture content

1. During placement and compaction of earthfill and earth backfill, the moisture content of the material being placed must be maintained within the specified range.

2. The application of water to the earthfill material must be accomplished at the borrow areas insofar as practicable. Water may be applied by sprinkling the material after placement on the earthfill, if necessary. Obtain a uniform moisture distribution by disking.

3. Material that is too wet when deposited on the earthfill must either be removed or dried to the specified moisture content prior to compaction.

4. If the top surface of the preceding layer of compacted earthfill or a foundation or abutment surface in the contact zone with the earthfill becomes too dry to permit suitable bond, it must either be removed or scarified and moistened by sprinkling to an acceptable moisture content before placement of the next layer of earthfill.

F. Compaction

1. Earthfill. Earthfill must be compacted according to the following requirements for the class of compaction specified:

a. Class A compaction. Compact each layer of earthfill as necessary to provide the density of the earthfill matrix not less than the minimum density specified in Section J or identified on the drawings. The earthfill matrix is defined as the portion of the earthfill material finer than the maximum particle size allowed in the reference compaction test method specified (ASTM D698 or

ASTM D1557).

b. Class B compaction. Compact each layer of earthfill to a mass density not less than the minimum density specified.

c. Class C compaction. Compact each layer of earthfill by the specified number of passes of the type and weight of roller or other equipment specified or by an equivalent approved method. Each pass must consist of at least one passage of the roller wheel or drum over the entire surface of the layer.

2. Earth backfill. Compact earth backfill adjacent to structures to a density equivalent to that of the surrounding in-place earth material or adjacent required earthfill or earth backfill. Compaction must be accomplished by hand tamping or manually directed power tampers, plate vibrators, walk-behind, miniature, or self-

210 H 642 CS 23 (June 2024) 4 propelled rollers. Unless otherwise specified, heavy equipment, including backhoe-mounted power tampers or vibrating compactors, and manually directed vibrating rollers must not be operated within 3 feet of any structure. Towed or self-propelled vibrating rollers must not be operated within 5 feet of any structure.

Compaction by means of drop weights operating from a crane or hoist is not permitted.

3. Heavy Equipment. The passage of heavy equipment will not be allowed:

a. Over cast-in-place conduits within 14 days after placement of the concrete

b. Over cradled or bedded precast conduits within 7 days after placement of the concrete cradle or bedding

c. Over any type of conduit until the backfill has been placed above the top surface of the structure to a height equal to one-half the clear span width of the structure or pipe or 3 feet, whichever is greater, except as may be specified in Section J.

4. Compacting adjacent to structures. Compacting of earth backfill adjacent to structures must not be started until the concrete has attained the strength specified in Section J for this purpose. The strength is determined by compression testing of test cylinders cast by the contractor's quality control personnel for this purpose and cured at the worksite in the manner specified in ASTM C31 for determining when a structure may be put into service.

5. Placement Interval Against Concrete. When the required strength of the concrete is not specified as described above, compaction of earth backfill adjacent to structures must not be started until the following time intervals shown in figure 23-1 have elapsed after placement of the concrete.

Figure 23-1 Time interval before placing backfill Structure Time interval

(days) Vertical or near-vertical walls with earth loading on one side only 14 Walls backfilled on both sides simultaneously 7 Conduits and spillway risers, cast-in-place (with inside forms in place)

Conduits and spillway risers, cast-in-place (inside forms removed) 14 Conduits, pre-cast, cradled 2 Conduits, pre-cast, bedded 1 Cantilever outlet bents (backfilled both sides simultaneously) 3

G. Reworking or removal and replacement of defective earthfill

1. Earthfill placed at densities lower than the specified minimum density or at moisture contents outside the specified acceptable range of moisture content, or otherwise not conforming to the requirements of the specifications must be reworked to meet the requirements or removed and replaced by acceptable earthfill. The replacement earthfill and the foundation, abutment, and earthfill surfaces upon which it is placed must conform to all requirements of this

210 H 642 CS 23 (June 2024) 5 specification for foundation preparation, approval, placement, moisture control, and compaction.

H. Testing

1. During the course of the work, the contractor must perform quality control tests, as applicable, to identify earthfill and earth backfill materials; determine the reference maximum density and optimum moisture content; and document that the moisture content of material at the time of compaction and the density of earthfill and earth backfill in place conform to the requirements of this specification.

2. Determining Reference Maximum Density and Optimum Moisture Content. For Class A compaction, the reference maximum density and optimum moisture content must be determined in accordance with the compaction test and method specified on the drawings or in section J.

3. Documenting Specification Conformance. In-place densities of earthfill and earth backfill requiring Class A compaction must be measured in accordance with ASTM D1556, D2167, D2937, D6938, or D8167. Moisture contents of earthfill and earth backfill at the time of compaction must be measured in accordance with ASTM D2216, D4643, or D6938. Values of moisture content determined by ASTM D2216 are considered the true value of the soil moisture. Values of moisture content determined by ASTM D4643 or D6938 must be verified by comparison to values obtained by ASTM D2216. Values of in-place density and moisture content determined by these tests must be compared to the minimum density and moisture content range specified on the drawings or in Section J.

4. Correction for Oversize Particles. If the materials to be used for earthfill or earth backfill contain more than 5 percent by dry weight of oversize rock particles (particles larger than those allowed in the specified compaction test and method), corrections for oversize particles must be made using the appropriate procedures explained in ASTM D4718.

I. Measurement and payment

1. Unit Price Methods. For items of work for which specific unit prices are established in the contract, the volume of each type and compaction class of earthfill and earth backfill within the specified zone boundaries and pay limits is measured and computed to the nearest cubic yard by the method of average cross-sectional end areas. Unless otherwise specified in Section J, no deduction in volume is made for embedded items such as, but not limited to, conduits, inlet structures, outlet structures, embankment drains, sand diaphragm and outlet, and their appurtenances.

2. Pay Limits. The pay limits must be as defined below, with the further provision that earthfill required to fill voids resulting from over excavation of the foundation, outside the specified lines and grades, will be included in the measurement for payment only under the following conditions:

210 H 642 CS 23 (June 2024) 6

a. Where such over excavation to remove unsuitable material is directed by the engineer

b. Where the unsuitable condition is not a result of the contractor's improper construction operations as determined by the engineer.

3. Beyond Specified Lines and Grades. Earthfill beyond the specified lines and grades to backfill excavation required for compliance with OSHA requirements will be considered subsidiary to the earthfill bid items.

4. Method 1. The pay limits must be as designated on the drawings.

5. Method 2. The pay limits must be the measured surface of the foundation when approved for placement of the earthfill and the specified neat lines of the earthfill surface.

6. Method 3. The pay limits must be the measured surface of the foundation when approved for placement of the earthfill and the measured surface of the completed earthfill.

7. Method 4. The pay limits must be the specified pay limits for excavation and the specified neat lines of the earthfill surface.

8. Method 5. The pay limits must be the…