2013_Brown_Specifications_5-31-13.pdf

NATIONAL FORESTS IN NORTH CAROLINA

CROATAN RANGER DISTRICT

ERFO DISASTER NO. NC2011-1-FS

NFSRs 121-A Brice’s Creek Road 121-2 Middle Little Road

121-D Brown Road 156 Pine Grove Road

June, 2013

ERFO Disaster No. NC2011‐1‐FS NFSRs 121‐A, 121‐2, 121‐D, 156 Page 1

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Preface

101 - Terms, Format, and Definitions

101.01 Meaning of Terms

101.03 Abbreviations

101.04 Definitions

102 - Bid, Award, and Execution of Contract

102 Bid, Award, and Execution of Contract

103 - Scope of Work

Deletions

104 - Control of Work

Deletions

104.06 Use of Roads by Contractor

105 - Control of Material

105.02 Material Sources

105.02(a) Government-provided sources

105.05 Use of Material Found in the Work

106 - Acceptance of Work

106.01 Conformity with Contract Requirements

106.07 Delete

107 - Legal Relations and Responsibility to the Public

107.05 Responsibility for Damage Claims

107.06 Contractor’s Responsibility for Work

107.09 Legal Relationship of the Parties

107.10 Environmental Protection

108 - Prosecution and Progress

ERFO Disaster No. NC2011‐1‐FS NFSRs 121‐A, 121‐2, 121‐D, 156 Page 2

108 Delete

109 - Measurement and Payment

109 Deletions

109.02 Measurement Terms and Definitions

155 - Schedules for Construction Contracts

155 Delete

157 - Soil Erosion Control

157.03 General

157.08 Water Crossings

157.11 Temporary Turf Establishment

157.12 Inspection and Reporting

157.13 Maintenance and Cleanup

203 - Removal of Structures and Obstructions

203.04 Removing Material

203.05 Disposing of Material

209 - Structure Excavation and Backfill

209.01

209.10 Backfill

209.11 Compacting

Table 209-1 Sampling and Testing Requirements

209.13

209.14

301 - Untreated Aggregate Courses

301 Title Change

301.01 Work

301.02 Material

301.03 General

301.04 Mixing and Spreading

301.05 Compacting

301.06 Surface Tolerance

301.08(b) Plasticity Index

ERFO Disaster No. NC2011‐1‐FS NFSRs 121‐A, 121‐2, 121‐D, 156 Page 3

301.08 Acceptance

301.09 Measurement

Table 301-1 Field Density Requirements

Table 301-1—Acceptance Sampling and Testing Requirements

303 - Road Reconditioning

303.01 Work

303.04 Shoulder Reconditioning

303.05 Roadbed Reconditioning

303.06 Aggregate Surface Reconditioning

303.10 Measurement

602 - Culverts and Drains

209.01

602.02 Material

602.03 General

625 - Turf Establishment

635 - Temporary Traffic Control

635.01

635.03 General

635.27

703 – Aggregate

703.05 Subbase, Base, Surface Course, and Screened Aggregate

703.10(e) Flakiness Index

703.10(i) Adherent Coating

704 - Soil

704.02 Bedding Material

704.03 Backfill Material

713 - Roadside Improvement Material

713.04 Seed

713.05 Mulch

718 - Traffic Signing and Marking Material

718.05 Aluminum Panels

ERFO Disaster No. NC2011‐1‐FS NFSRs 121‐A, 121‐2, 121‐D, 156 Page 4

ERFO Disaster No. NC2011‐1‐FS NFSRs 121‐A, 121‐2, 121‐D, 156 Page 5

Preface

Preface_wo_03_15_2004_m

Delete all but the first paragraph and add the following:

The Forest Service, US Department of Agriculture has adopted FP-03 for construction of National Forest System Roads.

ERFO Disaster No. NC2011‐1‐FS NFSRs 121‐A, 121‐2, 121‐D, 156 Page 6

101 - Terms, Format, and Definitions

101.00_nat_us_07_25_2005

101.01_nat_us_01_22_2009

101.01 Meaning of Terms

Delete all references to the TAR (Transportation Acquisition Regulations) in the specifications.

101.03_nat_us_06_16_2006

101.03 Abbreviations.

Add the following to (a) Acronyms:

AFPA

MSHA

NIST

NESC

WCLIB

American Forest and Paper Association Mine Safety and Health Administration National Institute of Standards and Technology National Electrical Safety Code West Coast Lumber Inspection Bureau

Add the following to (b) SI symbols:

mp Milepost ppm Part Per Million

Delete (d) and substitute the following:

(d) Slope Notation (horizontal : vertical). Express slopes as the ratio of horizontal distance to a vertical distance of one (1) e.g. ¾ :1, 2:1, 3:1, etc.

101.04_nat_us_03_29_2007

ERFO Disaster No. NC2011‐1‐FS NFSRs 121‐A, 121‐2, 121‐D, 156 Page 7

101.04 Definitions.

Delete the following definitions and substitute the following:

Bid Schedule--The Schedule of Items.

Bridge--No definition.

Contractor--The individual or legal entity contracting with the Government for performance of prescribed work. In a timber sale contract, the contractor is the “purchaser”.

Culvert--No definition.

Right-of-Way--A general term denoting (1) the privilege to pass over land in some particular line (including easement, lease, permit, or license to occupy, use, or traverse public or private lands), or (2) Real property necessary for the project, including roadway, buffer areas, access, and drainage areas.

Add the following:

Adjustment in Contract Price--“Equitable adjustment,” as used in the Federal Acquisition Regulations, or “construction cost adjustment,” as used in the Timber Sale Contract, as applicable.

Change--“Change” means “change order” as used in the Federal Acquisition Regulations, or “design change” as used in the Timber Sale Contract.

Design Quantity--“Design quantity” is a Forest Service method of measurement from the FS-96 Forest Service Specifications for the Construction of Roads and Bridges.

Under these FP specifications this term is replaced by the term “Contract Quantities”.

Forest Service--The United States of America, acting through the Forest Service, U.S.

Department of Agriculture.

Neat Line--A line defining the proposed or specified limits of an excavation or structure.

Pioneer Road--Temporary construction access built along the route of the project.

Purchaser--The individual, partnership, joint venture, or corporation contracting with the Government under the terms of a Timber Sale Contract and acting independently or through agents, employees, or subcontractors.

Protected Streamcourse--A drainage shown on the plans or timber sale area map that requires designated mitigation measures.

Road Order--An order affecting and controlling traffic on roads under Forest Service jurisdiction. Road Orders are issued by a designated Forest Officer under the authorities of 36 CFR, part 260.

Schedule of Items--A schedule in the contract that contains a listing and description of construction items, quantities, units of measure, unit price, and amount.

ERFO Disaster No. NC2011‐1‐FS NFSRs 121‐A, 121‐2, 121‐D, 156 Page 8

Utilization Standards--The minimum size and percent soundness of trees described in the specifications to determine merchantable timber.

Add Figure 101-1—Illustration of road structure terms:

ERFO Disaster No. NC2011‐1‐FS NFSRs 121‐A, 121‐2, 121‐D, 156 Page 9

Figure 101-1—Illustration of road structure terms.

ERFO Disaster No. NC2011‐1‐FS NFSRs 121‐A, 121‐2, 121‐D, 156 Page 10

102 - Bid, Award, and Execution of Contract

102.00_nat_us_02_16_2005

102 Bid, Award, and Execution of Contract

Delete Section 102 in its entirety.

ERFO Disaster No. NC2011‐1‐FS NFSRs 121‐A, 121‐2, 121‐D, 156 Page 11

103 - Scope of Work

103.00_nat_us_02_16_2005

Deletions

Delete all but subsection 103.01 Intent of Contract.

Add the following Subsections:

103.02 Purpose of Contract. The purpose of this contract is to repair damaged roads caused by a tropical storm in late 2010. It is also to repair, clean, and or rehabilitate drainage features to prevent future damage by similar weather events. Because of the manner this project is funded (by the Federal Highway Administration on a “site-by site” basis), the project must be priced on a site-by site basis except for mobilization, which is a single price for the entire project. Documentation for payment and pay requests must be on a site-by site basis.

These Supplemental Specifications contain revisions, additions, and deletions to the FP- 03 Specification book and govern. Below lists sections of the Supplemental Specifications which contain additional “Contract Intent” information and requirements that are project specific. These contain information items that will affect the contract price and may be out of the ordinary, causing the need for a more complete explanation than would otherwise be provided.

(a) Section 157 – Addresses Erosion Control

(b) Section 203 – Addresses disposal of unsuitable or excess material.

(c) Section 204 – Addresses ditching, imported fill for the road, and road finish grading.

(d) Section 209 – Addresses imported backfill material for culverts.

(e) Section 301 – Addresses Aggregate Base Course placement.

(f) Section 602 – Work shown that may or may not be required

(g) Section 625 – Addresses seeding areas.

(h) Section 635 – Addresses road closures and temporary signage.

(i) Section 704 – Addresses imported fill and backfill requirements.

103.02 Required Timber Purchase. The winner of this contract is required to simultaneously enter into a separate timber sale contract and purchase the merchantable timber that is cut as a part of this road repair contract. The timber required to be cut is currently marked and can typically be seen from the road(s). The volume is 468 ccf and the value (amount to be paid to the government) is approximately $20,000. A sample

ERFO Disaster No. NC2011‐1‐FS NFSRs 121‐A, 121‐2, 121‐D, 156 Page 12 contract entitled “ERFO Settlement” is available for download as part of the contract documents for this project on FedBizOpps.

Work associated with, and administration of, the timber sale contract is performed independently from this road repair contract. It will be overseen and inspected by different inspectors and contracting officers than those responsible for the road repair contract.

There are differences in the two contract’s requirements since the intent is to include only customary requirements in the timber sale contract while specifying the desired finished condition of the ditches and surrounding areas in the road repair contract. In the case of such differences, the more stringent shall govern. Differences may include, but are not limited to slash disposal (reference CT 6.7 in the timber sale contract), allowable stump heights, road repairs after skidding or hauling, understory removal, non-merchantable material removal, and similar items. It shall be the road repairs ultimate responsibility to ensure that the road repair contract requirements are met.

The purpose of

ERFO Disaster No. NC2011‐1‐FS NFSRs 121‐A, 121‐2, 121‐D, 156 Page 13

104 - Control of Work

104.00_nat_us_06_16_2006

Deletions

Delete Sections 104.01, 104.02, and 104.04.

104.06_nat_us_02_17_2005

Add the following subsection:

104.06 Use of Roads by Contractor

The Contractor is authorized to use roads under the jurisdiction of the Forest Service for all activities necessary to complete this contract, subject to the limitations and authorizations designated in the Road Order(s) or described in the contract, when such use will not damage the roads or national forest resources, and when traffic can be accommodated safely.

ERFO Disaster No. NC2011‐1‐FS NFSRs 121‐A, 121‐2, 121‐D, 156 Page 14

105 - Control of Material

105.02_nat_us_01_18_2007

105.02 Material Sources.

105.02(a) Government-provided sources.

Comply with the requirements of 30 CFR 56, subparts B and H. Use all suitable material for aggregate regardless of size unless otherwise designated. When required, re-establish vegetation in disturbed areas according to section 625.

105.05_nat_us_05_12_2004

105.05 Use of Material Found in the Work.

Delete 105.05 (a) and (b) and the last sentence of the second paragraph and substitute the following:

Materials produced or processed from Government lands in excess of the quantities required for performance of this contract are the property of the Government. The Government is not obligated to make reimbursement for the cost of producing these materials.

ERFO Disaster No. NC2011‐1‐FS NFSRs 121‐A, 121‐2, 121‐D, 156 Page 15

106 - Acceptance of Work

106.01_nat_us_07_31_2007

106.01 Conformity with Contract Requirements.

Delete Subsection 106.01 and substitute the following:

Follow the requirements of FAR Clause 52.246-12 Inspection of Construction.

References to standard test methods of AASHTO, ASTM, GSA, and other recognized standard authorities refer to the methods in effect on the date of solicitation for bids.

Perform all work to the lines, grades, cross-sections, dimensions, and processes or material requirements shown on the plans or specified in the contract.

Incorporate manufactured materials into the work according to the manufacturer’s recommendations or to these specifications, whichever is more strict.

Plan dimensions and contract specification values are the values to be strived for and complied with as the design values from which any deviations are allowed. Perform work and provide material that is uniform in character and reasonably close to the prescribed value or within the specified tolerance range. The purpose of a tolerance range is to accommodate occasional minor variations from the median zone that are unavoidable for practical reasons.

When standard manufactured items are specified (such as fence, wire, plates, rolled shapes, pipe conduits, etc., that are identified by gauge, unit mass, section dimensions, etc.), the identification will be considered to be nominal masses or dimensions. Unless specific contract tolerances are noted, established manufacturing tolerances will be accepted.

The Government may inspect, sample, or test all work at any time before final acceptance of the project. When the Government tests work, copies of test reports are furnished to the Contractor upon request. Government tests may or may not be performed at the work site.

If Contractor testing and inspection is verified by the Government, the Contractor’s results may be used by the Government to evaluate work for acceptance. Do not rely on the availability of Government test results for process control.

Acceptable work conforming to the contract will be paid for at the contract unit bid price.

Four methods of determining conformity and accepting work are described in Subsections

106.02 to 106.05 inclusive. The primary method of acceptance is specified in each Section of work. However, work may be rejected at any time it is found by any of the methods not to comply with the contract.

Remove and replace work that does not conform to the contract, or to prevailing industry standards where no specific contract requirements are noted, at no cost to the Government.

ERFO Disaster No. NC2011‐1‐FS NFSRs 121‐A, 121‐2, 121‐D, 156 Page 16

(a) Disputing Government test results. If the accuracy of Government test results is disputed, promptly inform the CO. If the dispute is unresolved after reasonable steps are taken to resolve the dispute, further evaluation may be obtained by written request. Include a narrative describing the dispute and a proposed resolution protocol that addresses the following:

(1) Sampling method;

(2) Number of samples;

(3) Sample transport;

(4) Test procedures;

(5) Testing laboratories;

(6) Reporting;

(7) Estimated time and costs; and

(8) Validation process.

If the evaluation requires additional sampling or testing be performed, mutually agree with the Government on witnessing procedures and on sampling and testing by a third party laboratory. Use a third party laboratory accredited by the AASHTO accreditation program. Provide proof of the laboratory’s accreditation for the test procedures to be used. Do not use the same laboratory that produced the disputed Government test results or that produced the test results used as a basis for the dispute.

The CO will review the proposed resolution protocol and may modify it before final approval and execution.

The Government will use the approved resolution protocol test results to determine the validity of the disputed testing. If the Government test results are validated, the Contractor will be responsible for all costs associated with developing and performing the resolution protocol. If the Government test results are not validated, the Government will be responsible for all costs associated with developing and performing the resolution protocol. If the validity of the Government test results cannot be determined, the Contractor and Government will equally share all costs associated with developing and carrying out the resolution protocol.

(b) Alternatives to removing and replacing non-conforming work. As an alternative to removal and replacement, the Contractor may submit a written request to:

ERFO Disaster No. NC2011‐1‐FS NFSRs 121‐A, 121‐2, 121‐D, 156 Page 17

(1) Have the work accepted at a reduced price; or

(2) Be given permission to perform corrective measures to bring the work into conformity.

The request must contain supporting rationale and documentation. Include references or data justifying the proposal based on an evaluation of test results, effect on service life, value of material or work, quality, aesthetics, and other tangible engineering basis. The CO will determine disposition of the nonconforming work.

106.07_nat_us_05_11_2004

106.07 Delete

Delete subsection 106.07.

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107 - Legal Relations and Responsibility to the Public

107.05_nat_us_05_11_2004

107.05 Responsibility for Damage Claims.

Delete the entire subsection.

107.06_nat_us_06_16_2006

107.06 Contractor’s Responsibility for Work.

Delete the following from the first paragraph.

“except as provided in Subsection 106.07”.

107.09_nat_us_06_16_2006

107.09 Legal Relationship of the Parties.

Delete the entire subsection.

107.10_nat_us_06_16_2006

107.10 Environmental Protection.

Add the following:

Design and locate equipment repair shops, stationary refueling sites, or other facilities to minimize the potential and impacts of hazardous material spills on Government land.

Before beginning any work, submit a Hazardous Spill Plan. List actions to be taken in the event of a spill. Incorporate preventive measures to be taken, such as the location of mobile refueling facilities, storage and handling of hazardous materials, and similar information. Immediately notify the CO of all hazardous material spills. Provide a written narrative report form no later than 24 hours after the initial report and include the following:

Description of the item spilled (including identity, quantity, manifest number, and other identifying information).

Whether amount spilled is EPA or state reportable, and if so whether it was reported, and to whom.

Exact time and location of spill including a description of the area involved.

Containment procedures.

Summary of any communications the Contractor had with news media, Federal, state and local regulatory agencies and officials, or Forest Service officials.

ERFO Disaster No. NC2011‐1‐FS NFSRs 121‐A, 121‐2, 121‐D, 156 Page 19

Description of clean-up procedures employed or to be employed at the site including final disposition and disposal location of spill residue.

When available provide copies of all spill related clean up and closure documentation and correspondence from regulatory agencies.

The Contractor is solely responsible for all spills or leaks that occur during the performance of this contract. Clean up spills or leaks to the satisfaction of the CO and in a manner that complies with Federal, state, and local laws and regulations.

ERFO Disaster No. NC2011‐1‐FS NFSRs 121‐A, 121‐2, 121‐D, 156 Page 20

108 - Prosecution and Progress

108.00_nat_us_02_16_2005

108 Delete.

Delete Section 108 in its entirety.

ERFO Disaster No. NC2011‐1‐FS NFSRs 121‐A, 121‐2, 121‐D, 156 Page 21

109 - Measurement and Payment

109.00_nat_us_02_17_2005

109 Deletions

Delete the following entire subsections:

109.06 Pricing of Adjustments.

109.07 Eliminated Work.

109.08 Progress Payments.

109.09 Final Payment.

109.02_nat_us_06_16_2006

109.02 Measurement Terms and Definitions.

(b) Contract quantity.

Add the following:

Contract quantities will be adjusted only when there are errors in the original design of 15% or more.

Change the following:

“(b) Cubic yard” to “(c) Cubic yard”.

Add the following definition:

(p) Thousand Board Feet (Mbf). 1,000 board feet based on nominal widths, thickness, and extreme usable length of each piece of lumber or timber actually incorporated in the job. For glued laminated timber, 1,000 board feet based on actual width, thickness, and length of each piece actually incorporated in the job.

ERFO Disaster No. NC2011‐1‐FS NFSRs 121‐A, 121‐2, 121‐D, 156 Page 22

155 - Schedules for Construction Contracts

155.00_nat_us_05_11_2004

155 Delete.

Delete Section 155 in its entirety.

ERFO Disaster No. NC2011‐1‐FS NFSRs 121‐A, 121‐2, 121‐D, 156 Page 23

157 - Soil Erosion Control

157.03_0811_us_12_14_2004

157.03 General.

Delete the first two paragraphs and add the following:

Because of the nature of this project and the variety of methods possible based on a contractor’s experiences, specific erosion control locations, dimensions, material types, etc. are not dictated on the plans. It is the contractor’s responsibility to determine the method of construction and material disposal and appropriate erosion control measures to use at each location.

Submit an Erosion Control Plan detailing permanent and temporary control measures to minimize erosion and sedimentation during and after construction according to the contract specifications, contract permits, Section 107, and this Section. Contract permits amend the requirements of this Section. Do not modify the type, size, or location of any control or practice without approval. Submit the erosion control plan proposal at least 7 days before operations begin to the Contracting Officer for approval.

Reflect in the erosion control plan special concerns and measures necessary to protect resources and government improvements. Include:

1. The construction activities and sequence of implementation relating to specific erosion control measures.

2. The location and type of permanent controls to be implemented during construction.

3. The location and type of temporary controls to be implemented during construction.

4. For work in stream channels with water present, provide a detailed dewatering plan.

5. For work in stream channels without flowing water describe level of ground and vegetative disturbance and measures to reduce potential sediment delivery.

6. Describe what monitoring will take place.

Add to the third paragraph:

Upon completion of construction at the site, all temporary dewatering materials and equipment are to be removed from Government property.

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157.08 Water Crossings.

Add the following:At any channel crossing designed for an equivalent 48 inch or greater culvert installation dewater by rerouting water flow around the site before and during excavation and embankment operations.

157.11 Temporary Turf Establishment

Delete the subsection including table 157-1 and replace with the following:

Apply seed, fertilizer, and mulch for soil erosion protection at the required rates. Protect and care for seeded areas, including watering, until permanent turf establishment is in place.

157.12 Inspection and Reporting

Delete the first paragraph and replace it with the following:

Inspect all erosion control facilities at least every 7 days, within 24 hours after more than ¼ inch of rain in a 24 hour period, as required by the Contractor prepared erosion control plan, and as required by contract permits.

157.13 Maintenance and Cleanup

Delete the second sentence and add the following:

Clean erosion control measures when sediment is 6 inches deep or when they are half full of sediment, which ever is less.

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203 - Removal of Structures and Obstructions

203.04_nat_us_02_18_2005

203.04 Removing Material.

Replace the fourth and fifth paragraphs with the following:

Where part of an existing culvert is removed, remove the entire culvert upstream from the removal. The remaining downstream culvert may be left in place if no portion of the culvert is within 12 inches of the subgrade, embankment slope, or new culvert or structure; and the culvert ends are sealed with concrete.

Remove structures and obstructions in the roadbed to 12 inches below subgrade elevation. Remove structures and obstructions outside the roadbed to 12 inches below finished ground or to the natural stream bottom.

203.05_nat_us_02_18_2005

203.05 Disposing of Material.

Add the following:

(e) Windrowing Construction Slash. Place construction slash outside the roadway in neat, compacted windrows approximately parallel to and along the toeline of embankment slopes. Do not permit the top of the windrows to extend above subgrade.

Use construction equipment to matt down all material in a windrow to form a compact and uniform pile. Construct breaks of at least 15 feet at least every 200 feet in a windrow.

Do not place windrows against trees. Obtain approval for pioneer roads. A pioneer road may be constructed to provide an area for placement of windrows, provided the excavated material is kept within the clearing limits and does not adversely affect the road construction.

(f) Scattering. Scatter construction slash outside the clearing limits without damaging trees. Limb all logs. Place logs and stumps away from trees, positioned so they will not roll, and are not on top of one another. Limb and scatter other construction slash to reduce slash concentrations.

(g) Chipping or Grinding. Use an approved chipping machine to grind slash and stumps greater than 3 inches in diameter and longer than 3 feet. Deposit chips or ground woody material on embankment slopes or outside the roadway to a loose depth less than 6 inches. Minor amounts of chips or ground woody material may be permitted within the roadway if they are thoroughly mixed with soil and do not form a layer.

(h) Debris Mat. Use tree limbs, tops, cull logs, split stumps, wood chunks, and other debris to form a mat upon which construction equipment is operated. Place stumps upside down and blend stumps into the mat.

(i) Decking Firewood Material. Remove brush from decks. Limb and deck logs that do not meet Utilization Standards according to Subsection 201.04 as directed by the CO. Cut logs to lengths less than 30 feet. Ensure that logs stacks are stable and free of brush and soil.

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(j) Removal to designated locations. Remove construction slash to designated locations.

(k) Piling. Pile construction slash in designated areas. Place and construct piles so that if the piles are burned, the burning will not damage remaining trees. Keep piles free of dirt from stumps. Cut unmerchantable logs into lengths of less than 20 feet.

(l) Placing Slash on Embankment Slopes. Place construction slash on completed embankment slopes to reduce soil erosion. Place construction slash as flat as practicable on the completed slope. Do not place slash closer than 2 feet below subgrade. Priority for use of available slash is for: (1) through fills; (2) insides of curves; and (3) ditch relief outlets.

(m) Hydrological Sensitive Placement. Where required use this method in combination with other designated methods to dispose of material to reduce erosion and to aid in re-vegetation:

1. Place windrow segments on contours, wrap in type I geotextile.

2. Place logs as log erosion barriers on contours. Place logs so that 80% of their length is on the ground surface.

3. Scatter slash on bare or disturbed areas within or outside the clearing limits as directed.

4. Scatter chips or ground woody material on bare or disturbed areas within or outside the clearing limits as directed.

Place stumps in swales or on sites to form planting pockets. Place windrow segments on contours, wrap in type I geotextile.

Dispose of unsuitable or excess material generated by ditching by slinging it into the woods behind the mow line or tree line. Do not create piles. Erosion control measures nor seeding of this material will be required.

Dispose of unsuitable or excess material from pipe trenches and/or disposal of large, concentrated quantities of brush, grass clumps, or other debris in a designated area on each road.

Dispose of incidental, non-concentrated brush, branches, stumps, etc. outside of the mow line or tree line without piling.

203.08_nat_us_02_24_2005

203.08 Payment

ERFO Disaster No. NC2011‐1‐FS NFSRs 121‐A, 121‐2, 121‐D, 156 Page 27

Disposal of construction slash will be compensated under the designated pay item in Section 201.

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204 – Excavation and Embankment

Replace Section 204 in its entirety with the following:

Includes Imported Fill and Compaction

Description

204.01 This work consists of excavating material and constructing embankments. This includes furnishing, hauling, stockpiling, placing, disposing, sloping, shaping, compacting, and finishing earthen and rocky material. It also includes final grading of the road surface and blading or cleaning ditches with equipment other than a grader.

Ditch types shown on the plans are the government’s best estimate of the type of work and equipment needed to clean the ditches. Start and stop locations for each ditch type will be staked by the government. The contractor may, with the COR’s approval, elect to provide a lesser ditch section. Should that occur, payment will be made for the actual ditch type constructed.

204.02 Definitions.

(a) Excavation. Excavation consists of the following:

(1) Roadway excavation. All material excavated from within the right-of-way or easement areas, except subexcavation covered in (2) below and structure excavation covered in Sections 208 and

209. Roadway excavation includes all material encountered regardless of its nature or characteristics.

(2) Subexcavation. Material excavated from below subgrade elevation in cut sections or from below the original groundline in embankment sections. Subexcavation does not include the work required by Subsections 204.05, 204.06(b), and 204.06(c).

(3) Borrow excavation. Material used for embankment construction that is obtained from outside the roadway prism. Borrow excavation includes unclassified borrow, select borrow, and select topping.

(b) Embankment construction. Embankment construction consists of placing and compacting roadway or borrow excavation. This work includes:

(1) Preparing foundation for embankment;

(2) Constructing roadway embankments;

(3) Benching for side-hill embankments;

(4) Constructing dikes, ramps, mounds, and berms; and

(5) Backfilling subexcavated areas, holes, pits, and other depressions.

(c) Conserved topsoil. Excavated material conserved from the roadway excavation and embankment foundation areas that is suitable for growth of grass, cover crops, or native vegetation.

ERFO Disaster No. NC2011‐1‐FS NFSRs 121‐A, 121‐2, 121‐D, 156 Page 29

(d) Waste. Excess and unsuitable roadway excavation and subexcavation that cannot be used.

Material

204.03 Conform to the following Subsections:

Backfill material 704.03 Select borrow 704.07 Select topping 704.08 Topping 704.05 Unclassified borrow 704.06 Water 725.01 Imported Fill to Raise Road 704.03

Excavated material meeting this requirement may be used with approval.

Construction Requirements

204.04 Preparation for Roadway Excavation and Embankment Construction. Clear the area of vegetation and obstructions according to Sections 201 and 203.

204.05 Reserved.

204.06 Roadway Excavation. Excavate as follows:

(a) General. Do not disturb material and vegetation outside the construction limits.

Incorporate only suitable material into embankments. Replace any shortage of suitable material caused by premature disposal of roadway excavation. Dispose of unsuitable or excess excavation material according to Subsection 204.14.

At the end of each day's operations, shape to drain and compact the work area to a uniform cross-section. Eliminate all ruts and low spots that could hold water.

Retrieve material deposited outside of the clearing limits as directed by the CO.

Place unsuitable material in designated areas.

(b) Rock cuts. Blast rock according to Section 205. Excavate rock cuts to 6 inches below subgrade within the roadbed limits. Backfill to subgrade with topping or with other suitable material. Compact the material according to Subsection 204.11

ERFO Disaster No. NC2011‐1‐FS NFSRs 121‐A, 121‐2, 121‐D, 156 Page 30

(c) Earth cuts. Scarify earth cuts to 6 inches below subgrade within the roadbed limits.

Compact the scarified material according to Subsection 204.11.

(d) Pioneer Roads. Road pioneering, slash disposal, and grubbing of stumps may proceed concurrently with excavation. Conduct excavation and placement operations so material to be treated under Section 201 will not be incorporated into the roadway unless specified in the slash treatment method. Maintain drainage during pioneering operations.

Remove snow and ice in advance of the work and deposit beyond the roadway limits in a manner that will not waste material or generate sediment. Do not incorporate snow and ice into embankments. Place snow or ice in a manner to prevent resource damage.

204.07 Subexcavation. Excavate material to the limits designated by the CO. Take cross-sections according to Section 152. Prevent unsuitable material from becoming mixed with the backfill. Dispose of unsuitable material according to Subsection 204.14. Backfill the subexcavation with topping, or other suitable material. Compact the material according to Subsection 204.11.

204.08 Borrow Excavation. Use all suitable roadway excavation in embankment construction. Do not use borrow excavation when it results in excess roadway excavation.

Deduct excess borrow excavation from the appropriate borrow excavation quantity.

Obtain borrow source acceptance according to Subsection 105.02. Develop and restore borrow sources according to Subsection 105.03. Do not excavate beyond the established limits. When applicable, shape the borrow source to permit accurate measurements when excavation is complete.

204.09 Preparing Foundation for Embankment Construction. Prepare foundation for embankment construction as follows:

(a) Embankment less than 4 feet high over natural ground. When designated, remove topsoil and break up the ground surface to a minimum depth of 6 inches by plowing or scarifying. Compact the ground surface according to Subsection 204.11.

(b) Embankments over an existing asphalt, concrete, or gravel road surface.

Scarify gravel roads to a minimum depth of 6 inches. Scarify or pulverize asphalt and concrete roads to 6 inches below the pavement. Reduce all particles to a maximum size of 6 inches and produce a uniform material. Compact the surface according to Subsection 204.11.

(c) Embankment across ground not capable of supporting equipment. Dump successive loads of embankment material in a uniformly distributed layer to construct the lower portion of the embankment. Limit the layer thickness to the minimum depth necessary to support the equipment.

ERFO Disaster No. NC2011‐1‐FS NFSRs 121‐A, 121‐2, 121‐D, 156 Page 31

(d) Embankment on an existing slope steeper than 1V:3H. Cut horizontal benches in the existing slope to a sufficient width to accommodate placement and compaction operations and equipment. Bench the slope as the embankment is placed and compacted in layers. Begin each bench at the intersection of the original ground and the vertical cut of the previous bench.

204.10 Embankment Construction. Incorporate only suitable roadway excavation material into the embankment. When the supply of suitable roadway excavation is exhausted, furnish unclassified borrow to complete the embankment. Obtain written approval before beginning construction of embankments over 6 feet high at subgrade centerline. Construct embankments as follows:

(a) General. At the end of each day's operations, shape to drain and compact the embankment surface to a uniform cross-section. Eliminate all ruts and low spots that could hold water.

During all stages of construction, route and distribute hauling and leveling equipment over the width and length of each layer of material.

Compact embankment side slopes flatter than 1V:1.75H with a tamping type roller or by walking with a dozer. For slopes 1V:1.75H or steeper, compact the slopes as construction of the embankment progresses.

Where placing embankment on one side of abutments, wing walls, piers, or culvert headwalls, compact the material using methods that prevent excessive pressure against the structure.

Where placing embankment material on both sides of a concrete wall or box structure, conduct operations so compacted embankment material is at the same elevation on both sides of the structure.

Where structural pilings are placed in embankment locations, limit the maximum particle size to 4 inches.

(b) Embankment within the roadway prism. Place embankment material in horizontal layers not exceeding 12 inches in compacted thickness. Incorporate oversize boulders or rock fragments into the 12-inch layers by reducing them in size or placing them individually as required by (c) below. Compact each layer according to Subsection 204.11 before placing the next layer.

Material composed predominately of boulders or rock fragments too large for 12-inch layers may be placed in layers up to 24 inches thick. Incorporate oversize boulders or rock fragments into the 24-inch layer by reducing them in size or placing them individually according to (c) below. Place sufficient earth and smaller rocks to fill the

ERFO Disaster No. NC2011‐1‐FS NFSRs 121‐A, 121‐2, 121‐D, 156 Page 32 voids. Compact each layer according to Subsection 204.11 before placing the next layer.

(c) Individual rock fragments and boulders. Place individual rock fragments and boulders greater than 24 inches in diameter as follows:

(1) Reduce rock to less than 48 inches in the largest dimension.

(2) Distribute rock within the embankment to prevent nesting.

(3) Place layers of embankment material around each rock to a depth not greater than that permitted by (b) above. Fill all the voids between rocks.

(4) Compact each layer according to Subsection 204.11 before placing the next layer.

(d) Embankment outside of roadway prism. Where placing embankment outside the staked roadway prism, place material in horizontal layers not exceeding 24 inches in compacted thickness. Compact each layer according to Subsection 204.11.

204.11 Compaction. Compact the embankment using one of the following methods as specified:

(a) Compaction A. Use AASHTO T 27 to determine the amount of material retained on a Number 4 sieve. If there is more than 80 percent retained on the No. 4 sieve use procedure (1). If there is 50 to 80 percent retained on the No. 4 sieve use procedure (2).

If there is less than 50 percent retained on the No. 4 sieve use procedure (3).

(1) Adjust the moisture content to a level suitable for compaction. Fill the interstices around rock with earth or other fine material as practical. Use compression-type rollers at speeds less than 6feet per second and vibratory rollers at speeds less than 3 feet per second. Compact each layer of material full width with one of the following and until there is no visible evidence of further consolidation.

(a) Four roller passes of a vibratory roller having a minimum dynamic force of 40,000 pounds impact per vibration and a minimum frequency of 1000 vibrations per minute.

(b) Eight roller passes of a 20-ton compression-type roller.

(c) Eight roller passes of a vibratory roller having a minimum dynamic force of 30,000 pounds impact per vibration and a minimum frequency of 1000 vibrations per minute.

Increase the compactive effort for layers deeper than 12 inches as follows:

For each additional 6 inches or fraction thereof, increase the number of roller passes in (a) above by four passes.

For each additional 6 inches or fraction thereof, increase the number of roller passes in (b) and (c) above, by eight passes.

(2) Use AASHTO T 99 to determine the optimum moisture content of the portion of the material passing a No. 4 sieve. Multiply this number by the percentage of material passing a No. 4 sieve, and add 2 percent to determine the optimum moisture content of the material. Adjust the moisture content of material classified A-1 through A-5 to a moisture content suitable for compaction. Adjust the moisture content of material classified A-6 and A-7 to within 2 percent of the optimum moisture content.

ERFO Disaster No. NC2011‐1‐FS NFSRs 121‐A, 121‐2, 121‐D, 156 Page 33

Use compression-type rollers at speeds less than 6 feet per second and vibratory rollers at speeds less than 3 feet per second. Compact each layer of material full width according to (1) above.

(3) Classify the material according to AASHTO M 145. For material classified A-1 or A-2-4, determine the maximum density according to AASHTO T 180, method D. For other material classifications, determine the optimum moisture content and maximum density according to AASHTO T 99, method C.

Adjust the moisture content of material classified A-1 through A-5 to a moisture content suitable for compaction. Adjust the moisture content of material classified A-6 and A-7 to within 2 percent of the optimum moisture content.

Use compression-type or vibratory rollers. Compact each layer of material full width to at least 95 percent of the maximum density. Determine the in-place density and moisture content according to AASHTO T 310 or other approved test procedures. When required, use AASHTO T 224 to correct for coarse particles.

(b) Compaction B. Place material by end dumping to the minimum depth needed for operation of spreading equipment. Adjust the moisture content of the material to obtain a mass that will not visibly deflect under the load of the hauling and spreading equipment. Operate compaction equipment over the full width of each layer until there is no visible evidence of further consolidation or, if when a sheepsfoot roller is used, the roller “walks out” of the layer. Make at least three complete passes.

(c) Compaction C. Place material by end dumping to the minimum depth needed for operation of spreading equipment. Level and smooth each embankment layer before placing the next layers. Operate hauling and spreading equipment uniformly over the full width of each layer. Construct a solid embankment with adequate compaction by working smaller rock and fines in with the larger rocks to fill the voids, and by operating hauling and spreading equipment uniformly over the full width of each layer as the embankment is constructed.

204.12 Ditches. The intent of this contract is to restore or improve ditches to adequately carry the flow; to remove grass, brush, branches, shrubs, roots, stumps etc. that impede water flow. It is expected that wet ditches will be cleaned below the water surface with an excavator or grade-all-type of equipment. Shrub and brush removal above the “ditch full” level must not disturb the ground surface and cause it to be erodible or unstable. Grinding is the expected alternative, though other options may be allowed. Slope, grade, and shape ditches. Remove all projecting roots, stumps, rock, or similar matter. Maintain all ditches in an open condition and free from leaves, sticks, and other debris.

Form leadoff and tail ditches by plowing or using other acceptable methods to produce a continuous furrow. Place all excavated material on the downhill side so the bottom of the ditch is approximately 18 inches below the crest of the loose material. Clean the ditch

ERFO Disaster No. NC2011‐1‐FS NFSRs 121‐A, 121‐2, 121‐D, 156 Page 34 using a hand shovel, ditcher, or other suitable method. Shape to provide drainage without overflow.

204.13 Sloping, Shaping, and Finishing. Complete slopes, ditches, culverts, riprap, and other underground minor structures before placing aggregate courses. Perform road grading after all other work on that road is complete. Slope, shape, and finish as follows:

(a) Sloping. Leave all earth slopes with uniform roughened surfaces, except as described in (b) below, with no noticeable break as viewed from the road. Except in solid rock, round tops and bottoms of all slopes including the slopes of drainage ditches. Round material overlaying solid rock to the extent practical. Scale all rock slopes. Slope rounding is not required on tolerance class D though M roads.

If a slide or slipout occurs on a cut or embankment slope, remove or replace the material, and repair or restore all damage to the work. Bench or key the slope to stabilize the slide. Reshape the cut or embankment slope to an acceptable condition.

(b) Stepped slopes. Where required by the contract, construct steps on slopes of 1⅓V:1H to 1V:2H. Construct the steps approximately 18 inches high. Blend the steps into natural ground at the end of the cut. If the slope contains nonrippable rock outcrops, blend steps into the rock. Remove loose material found in transitional area.

Except for removing large rocks that may fall, scaling stepped slopes is not required.

(c) Shaping. Shape the subgrade to a smooth surface and to the cross-section required.

Shape slopes to gradually transition into slope adjustments without noticeable breaks.

At the ends of cuts and at intersections of cuts and embankments, adjust slopes in the horizontal and vertical planes to blend into each other or into the natural ground.

(d) Finishing. Finish the roadbed to be smooth and uniform, and shaped to conform to the typical sections. Remove unsuitable material from the roadbed and replace it with suitable material. Ensure that the surface contains suitable moisture for grading.

Scarify to 6 inches below the bottom of low sections, holes, cracks, or depressions and bring back to grade with suitable material. Maintain proper ditch drainage.

For surfaced roads, remove all material larger than 6 inches from the top 6 inches of the roadbed.

For unsurfaced roads, use one of the following methods to finish the roadbed:

(1) Method A. Remove all material larger than 6 inches from the top 6 inches of the roadbed and replace with suitable material.

(2) Method B. Use a vibratory grid roller or approved equal with a minimum weight of 10 tons. Roll at least 5 full-width passes or until there is no visible evidence of further consolidation.

(3) Method C. For roads designated as Construction Tolerance Class K, L, or M, finish the roadbed by spreading the excavation. Eliminate rock berms.

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204.14 Disposal of Unsuitable or Excess Material. Dispose of unsuitable or excess material at designated sites or legally off of the project.

When there is a pay item for waste, shape and compact the waste material in its final location. Do not mix clearing or other material not subject to payment with the waste material.

204.15 Acceptance. See Table 204-1 for sampling and testing requirements.

Material for embankment and conserved topsoil will be evaluated under Subsections

106.02 and 106.04.

Excavation and embankment construction will be evaluated under Subsections 106.02 and 106.04.

Clearing and removal of obstructions will be evaluated under Sections 201 and 203.

Measurement

204.16 Roadway excavation. Roadway excavation and embankment, including imported fill material is a Contract Quantity and no measurement will be made, unless warranted by the provisions of Section 109.02.

Payment

204.17 Payment will be made at the contract price per unit of measurement for the Section 204 pay items listed in the bid schedule. Payment will be full compensation for the work prescribed in this Section. See Subsection 109.05.

ERFO Disaster No. NC2011‐1‐FS NFSRs 121‐A, 121‐2, 121‐D, 156 Page 36

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