Design Parameters.docx
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- AG-4419-S-10-0618
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Design Parameters
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Design Parameters
Design Parameters are technical guidelines for the survey, design, construction, maintenance, and assessment of National Forest System trails, based on their Designed Use and Trail Class and consistent with their management intent1. Local deviations from any Design Parameter may be established based on trail-specific conditions, topography, or other factors, provided that the deviations are consistent with the general intent of the applicable Trail Class.
Designed Use
PACK AND SADDLE
| Trail Class 1 |
| Trail Class 2 |
| Trail Class 3 |
| Trail Class 4 |
| Trail Class 5 |
| Design Tread Width |
| Wilderness |
(Single Lane)
| Typically not designed or actively managed for equestrians, although use may be accepted |
| 12” – 18” |
May be up to 48” along steep side slopes 48” – 60” or greater along precipices 18” – 24” May be up to 48” along steep side slopes 48” – 60” or greater along precipices 24” May be up to 48” along steep side slopes 48” – 60” or greater along precipices Typically not designed or actively managed for equestrians, although use may be accepted
Non-Wilderness (Single Lane)
12” – 24” May be up to 48” along steep side slopes 48” – 60” or greater along precipices 18” – 48” 48” – 60” or greater along precipices 24” – 96” 48” – 60” or greater along precipices
Non-Wilderness (Double Lane)
| 60” |
| 60” – 84” |
| 84” – 120” |
Structures (Minimum Width)
Other than -bridges: 36” Bridges without handrails: 60” Bridges with handrails: 84” clear width Other than bridges: 36” Bridges without handrails: 60” Bridges with handrails: 84” clear width Other than bridges: 36” Bridges without handrails: 60” Bridges with handrails: 84” clear width
| Design Surface2 |
| Type |
Native, limited grading May be frequently rough Native with some onsite borrow or imported material where needed for stabilization, occasional grading Intermittently rough Native, with improved sections of borrow or imported material, routine grading Minor roughness
Protrusions
≤ 6” May be common and continuous ≤ 3” May be common, not continuous ≤ 3” Uncommon, not continuous
Obstacles (Maximum Height)
12”
| 6” |
| 3” |
10/16/2008
Designed Use
PACK AND SADDLE
| Trail Class 1 |
| Trail Class 2 |
| Trail Class 3 |
| Trail Class 4 |
| Trail Class 5 |
| Design Grade 2 |
| Target Grade |
5% – 20%
| 3% – 12% |
| 2% – 10% |
Short Pitch Maximum
| 30% |
| 20% |
| 15% |
Maximum Pitch Density
15% – 20% of trail
| 5% – 15% of trail |
| 5% – 10% of trail |
| Design Cross Slope |
| Target Cross Slope |
5% – 10%
| 3% – 5% |
| 0% – 5% |
Maximum Cross Slope
10%
| 8% |
| 5% |
| Design Clearing |
| Height |
8’ – 10’
10’
10’ – 12’
Width
72” Some light vegetation may encroach into clearing area 72” – 96”
96”
Shoulder Clearance
6” – 12” Pack clearance: 36” x 36” 12” – 18” Pack clearance: 36” x 36” 12” – 18” Pack clearance: 36” x 36”
| Design Turn |
| Radius |
4’ – 5’
| 5’ – 8’ |
| 6’ – 10’ |
| 1 | For definitions of Design Parameter attributes (e.g., Design Tread Width and Short Pitch Maximum) see FSH 2309.18, section 05. |
| 2 | The determination of trail-specific design grades, design surface, and other Design Parameters should be based upon soils, hydrological conditions, use levels, erosion potential, and other factors contributing to surface stability and overall sustainability of the trail. |
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