Material_Specs_NFHR.pdf

List of Material Specifications

North Fork Hughes River Outlet Channel Stabilization Project

Ritchie County, West Virginia

March 2014

Material Specifications

NO. TITLE

523 Rock for Riprap 592 Geotextile

Part 642 National Engineering Handbook

National Standard Material Specifications

Chapter 3

523–1(210–VI–NEH, January 2014)

1. Scope This specification covers the quality of rock to be used in the construction of rock riprap.

2. Quality Individual rock fragments shall be dense, sound, and free from cracks, seams, and other defects conducive to accelerated weathering. Except as otherwise speci-fied, the rock fragments shall be angular to subround-

ed. The least dimension of an individual rock fragment shall be not less than one-third the greatest dimension of the fragment. ASTM D4992 provides guidance on selecting rock from a source.

Except as otherwise provided, the rock shall be tested and shall have the following properties:

Rock type 1

• Bulk specific gravity (saturated surface-dry basis)—Not less than 2.5 when tested in accordance with ASTM D6473 on samples prepared as described for soundness testing.

• Absorption—Not more than 2 percent when tested in accordance with ASTM D6473 on samples prepared as described for soundness testing.

• Soundness—The weight loss in 5 cycles shall not be more than 10 percent when sodium sulfate is used or more than 15 percent when magnesium sulfate is used.

Rock type 2

• Bulk specific gravity (saturated surface-dry basis)—Not less that 2.5 when tested in accordance with ASTM D6473 on samples prepared as described for soundness testing.

• Absorption—Not more than 2 percent when tested in accordance with ASTM D6473 on samples prepared as described for soundness testing.

• Soundness—The weight loss in 5 cycles shall be not more than 20 percent when sodium sulfate is used or more than 25 percent when magnesium sulfate is used.

Rock type 3

• Bulk specific gravity (saturated surface-dry basis)—Not less than 2.3 when tested in accordance with ASTM D6473 on samples prepared as described for soundness testing.

• Absorption—Not more than 4 percent when tested in accordance with ASTM D6473 on samples prepared as described for soundness testing.

• Soundness—The weight loss in 5 cycles shall be not more than 20 percent when sodium sulfate is used or more than 25 percent when magnesium sulfate is used.

3. Methods of soundness testing Rock cube soundness—The sodium or magnesium sulfate soundness test for all rock types (1, 2, or 3) shall be performed on a test sample of 5,000 ± 300 grams of rock fragments, reasonably uniform in size and cubical in shape, and weighing, after sampling, about 100 grams each. They shall be obtained from rock samples that are representative of the total rock mass, as noted in ASTM D4992, and that have been sawed into slabs as described in ASTM D5121. The samples shall further be reduced in size by sawing the slabs into cubical blocks. The thickness of the slabs and the size of the sawed fragments shall be deter-mined by the size of the available test apparatus and as necessary to provide, after sawing, the approximate 100-gram samples. The cubes shall undergo five cycles of soundness testing in accordance with ASTM D1512.

Internal defects may cause some of the cubes to break during the sawing process or during the initial soaking period. Do not test any of the cubes that break during this preparatory process. Such breakage, including an approximation of the percentage of cubes that break, shall be noted in the test report.

Material Specification 523—Rock for Riprap

National Standard Material Specifications

Chapter 3

523–2 (210–VI–NEH, January 2014)

After the sample has been dried following completion of the final test cycle and washed to remove the so-dium sulfate or magnesium sulfate, the loss of weight shall be determined by subtracting from the original weight of the sample the final weight of all fragments that have not broken into three or more fragments.

The test report shall show the percentage loss of the weight and the results of the qualitative examination.

Rock slab soundness—When specified, the rock shall also be tested in accordance with ASTM D5240.

Deterioration of more than 25 percent of the number of blocks shall be cause for rejection of rock from this source. Rock shall also meet the requirements for average percent weight loss stated below.

• For projects located north of the Number 20 Freeze-Thaw Severity Index Isoline (fig. 523–1).

Unless otherwise specified, the average percent weight loss for Rock Type 1 shall not exceed 20 percent when sodium sulfate is used or 25 per-cent when magnesium sulfate is used. For Rock Types 2 and 3, the average percent weight loss shall not exceed 25 percent for sodium sulfate soundness or 30 percent for magnesium sulfate soundness.

• For projects located south of the Number 20 Freeze-Thaw Severity Index Isoline, unless otherwise specified, the average percent weight loss for Rock Type 1 shall not exceed 30 per-

Figure 523–1 Number 20 freeze-thaw severity index isoline (map approximates the map in ASTM D5312)

Material Specification 523 Rock for Riprap (continued)

National Standard Material Specifications

Chapter 3

523–3(210–VI–NEH, January 2014) cent when sodium sulfate is used or 38 percent when magnesium sulfate is used. For Rock Types 2 and 3, the average percent weight loss shall not exceed 38 percent for sodium sulfate soundness or 45 percent for magnesium sulfate soundness.

4. Field durability inspection Rock that fails to meet the material requirements stated above (if specified), may be accepted only if similar rock from the same source has been demon-strated to be sound after 5 years or more of service under conditions of weather, wetting and drying, and erosive forces similar to those anticipated for the rock to be installed under this specification.

A rock source may be rejected if the rock from that source deteriorates in 3 to 5 years under similar use and exposure conditions expected for the rock to be installed under this specification, even though it meets the testing requirements stated above.

Deterioration is defined as the loss of more than one-quarter of the original rock volume, or severe crack-ing that would cause a block to split. Measurements of deterioration are taken from linear or surface area particle counts to determine the percentage of deterio-rated blocks. Deterioration of more than 25 percent of the pieces shall be cause for rejection of rock from the source.

5. Grading The rock shall conform to the specified grading limits after it has been placed within the matrix of the rock riprap. Grading tests shall be performed, as necessary, according to ASTM D5519, Method A, B, or C, as ap-plicable.

Material Specification 523 Rock for Riprap (continued)

Chapter 3 National Standard Material Part 642

Specifications National Engineering Handbook

Material Specification 592—Geotextile

1. Scope This specification covers the quality of geotextile, including geotextile for temporary silt fence.

2. General requirements Fibers (threads and yarns) used in the manufacture of geotextile shall consist of synthetic polymers composed of a minimum of 85 percent by weight polypropylenes, polyesters, polyamides, polyethylene, polyolefins, or polyvinylidene-chlorides. They shall be formed into a stable network of filaments or yarns retaining dimensional stability relative to each other. The geotextile shall be free of defects, such as holes, tears, and abrasions. The geotextile shall be free of any chemical treatment or coating that significantly reduces its porosity. Fibers shall contain stabilizers, inhibitors, or both to enhance resistance to ultraviolet light. Geotextile other than for temporary silt fence shall conform to the requirements in tables 592–1 or 592–2, as applicable. Geotextile for temporary silt fence shall conform to the requirements in table 592–3.

Thread used for factory or field sewing shall be of contrasting color to the fabric and made of high strength polypropylene, polyester, or polyamide thread. Thread shall be as resistant to ultraviolet light as the geotextile being sewn.

3. Classification Geotextiles shall be classified based on the method used to place the threads or yarns forming the fabric. The geotextiles will be grouped into woven and nonwoven types. Geotextile for temporary silt fence may be either woven or nonwoven. Slit film woven geotextile may not be used except for temporary silt fence.

Woven—Fabrics formed by the uniform and regular interweaving of the threads or yarns in two directions.

Woven fabrics shall be manufactured from monofilament yarn formed into a uniform pattern with distinct and measurable openings, retaining their position relative to each other. The edges of fabric shall be selvedged or otherwise finished to prevent the outer yarn from unraveling.

Nonwoven—Fabrics formed by a random placement of threads in a mat and bonded by needle punching, heat-bonding, or resin-bonding. Nonwoven fabrics shall be manufactured from individual fibers formed into a random pattern with distinct, but variable small openings, retaining their position relative to each other when bonded by needle punching, heat-, or resin-bonding. The use of heat-or resin-bonded nonwovens is restricted as specified in note 2 of table 592–2.

4. Sampling and testing The geotextile shall meet the specified requirements (tables 592–1, 592–2, or 592-3, as applicable) for the product type shown on the label. Product properties as listed in the latest edition of the "Specifiers Guide," Geosynthetics, (Industrial Fabrics Association International, 1801 County Road B, West Roseville, MN 55113-4061 or at http://www.geosindex.com) and that represent minimum average roll values, are acceptable documentation that the product style meets the requirements of these specifications.

For products that do not appear in the above directory or do not have minimum average roll values listed, typical test data from the identified production run of the geotextile will be required for each of the specified tests (see table 592–1, 592–2, or 592-3, as applicable) as covered under clause AGAR 452.236-76.

5. Shipping and storage The geotextile shall be shipped and transported in rolls wrapped with a cover for protection from moisture, dust, dirt, debris, and ultraviolet light. The cover shall be maintained undisturbed to the maximum extend possible before placement.

Each roll of geotextile shall be labeled or tagged to clearly identify the brand, class, and the individual production run in accordance with ASTM D 4873.

Material Specification 592 Geotextile (continued)

(210-VI-NEH, January 2014) 592–2

Table 592–1 Requirements for woven geotextiles 1/

Property Test Method Units Class I Class II Class III Class IV

Grab Tensile Strength ASTM D 4632 pounds

247 min. 180 min. 180 min. 315 min.

Elongation at Failure ASTM D 4632 percent

< 50 <50 <50 <50

Trapezoidal Tear Strength ASTM D 4533 pounds

90 min. 67 min. 67 min. 112 min.

Puncture Strength ASTM D 6241 pounds

495 min. 371 min. 371 min. 618 min.

Ultraviolet Stability (retained strength)

ASTM D 4355 percent

50 min. 50 min. 50 min. 50 min.

Permittivity ASTM D 4491 sec-1 as specified

Apparent Opening Size

(AOS) 2/

ASTM D 4751 mm as specified

Percent Open Area (POA) USACE

CWO-02215

percent as specified

1/ All values are minimum average roll values (MARV) in the weakest principal direction, unless otherwise noted.

2/ Maximum average roll value.

Note: CWO is a USACE reference.

Table 592–2 Requirements for nonwoven geotextiles 1/

Property Test Method Units Class I 2/ Class II 2/ Class III 2/ Class IV 2/

Grab Tensile Strength ASTM D 4632 pounds

202 min. 157 min. 112 min. 202 min.

Elongation at Failure ASTM D 4632 percent

Trapezoidal Tear Strength

ASTM D 4533 pounds

79 min. 56 min. 40 min. 79 min.

Puncture Strength ASTM D 6241 pounds

433 min. 309 min. 223 min. 433 min.

Ultraviolet Stability (retained strength)

ASTM D 4355 percent

0.7 min. or as specified

Apparent Opening Size

(AOS) 3/

ASTM D 4751 mm 0.22 max. or as specified

1/ All values are minimum average roll values (MARV) in the weakest principal direction, unless otherwise noted.

2/ Needle punched geotextiles may be used for all classes. Heat-bonded or resin-bonded geotextiles may be used for classes III and IV only. They are particularly well suited to class IV.

3/ Maximum average roll value.

Material Specification 592 Geotextile (continued)

(210-VI-NEH, January 2014) 592–3

Table 592-3 Requirements for Temporary Silt Fence 1/

Property

Test Method

Units

Requirements, Supported Silt Fence 2/

Requirements, Unsupported Silt Fence 2/

Woven Geotextile (Elongation < 50% 3/)

Nonwoven Geotextile (Elongation > 50% 3/)

Maximum Post Spacing ft

4 6.5 4

Grab Tensile Strength: ASTM D 4632 pounds

Machine Direction

90 124

X-Machine Direction

90 101

0.05 0.05

Apparent Opening Size (AOS) 4/

ASTM D 4751 mm 0.60 0.60

Ultraviolet Stability (retained strength)

ASTM D 4335 % 70% after 500 hours of exposure

70% after 500 hours of exposure

1/ All values are minimum average roll values (MARV) in the weakest principal direction, unless otherwise noted.

2/ Silt fence support shall consist of 14-gage steel wire with a mesh spacing of 6 inches each way or prefabricated polymeric mesh of equivalent strength.

3/ As measured in accordance with ASTM D 4632.

4/ Maximum average roll value.