Adversary Air PWS JB Edit_20260407 (AutoRecovered).pdf

FOREIGN ADVERSARY AIRCRAFT AND SUPPORT

PERFORMANCE WORK STATEMENT (PWS)

1.0 INTRODUCTION

Marine Aviation Weapons and Tactics Squadron One (MAWTS-1), located at Marine Corps Air Station, Yuma, Arizona (MCAS Yuma) is the United States Marine Corps premier advanced aviation training school.

The primary mission of MAWTS-1 is to provide advanced Weapons and Tactics Training for the entirety of

Marine Corps aviation. In alignment with the Joint National Training Capability (JNTC) program, this training is also extended to joint and coalition forces during semi-annual Weapons and Tactics Instructor

(WTI) courses.

The WTI Course is a Service-led tactical training course that emphasizes integrated training between all facets of aviation, aviation ground support and supporting arms working within the Marine Air Command and

Control System while in support of a Marine Air Ground Task Force and joint scheme of maneuver. WTI is conducted to support Marine Aviation tasks and conducted at the tactical level of war and operates within a classified training scenario.

The WTI Course consists of two (2) seven (7) weeks of instruction broken into two (2) phases: 1) academic and 2) flight. Throughout the course, students are required to develop and refine their instructional abilities while demonstrating a mastery in the planning and execution of complex tactical missions. The training paradigm includes integrated planning exercises with ground combat arms participants. To ensure a realistic and challenging training environment, MAWTS-1 presents comprehensice instruction both friendly and adversary combat capabilities, doctrine and tactics, which are informed by current intelligence and analysis of lessons learned from contemporary combat operations.

2.0 SCOPE

The scope of this effort is to provide and define the requirement for the Contractor to provide aircraft and service that replicate flight characteristics, capabilities and limitations of foreign adversary manned and unmanned rotary-wing and fixed-wing aircraft. The objective of this effort is to provide direct instruction and realistic tactical exposure to Marine Aviation Weapons and Tactics Squadron One (MAWTS-1) Instructor staff and prospective Weapons and Tactics Instructors (WTIs). To fulfill this requirement, the Contractor shall provide aircraft, associated systems, and qualified personnel to simulate a realistic Adversary Force (ADFOR).

These assets shall participate in the flight execution phases of the Weapons and Tactics Instructor (WTI) course, conduction flight operations and tactical profiles during specified training evolution as directed by the

Commanding Officer, MAWTS-1.

3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

3.1 The Contractor shall provide support to the MAWTS-1 during the flight and planning phases of the semi-annual WTI courses. Support shall include aircraft and personnel, maintenance and logistic support (i.e. aircrews, support personnel, maintenance test flights, transportation of contractor personnel, aircraft or equipment to and from maintenance facilities, and/or permanent operating sites, or to train aircrew, equipment, tools, materials, replacement parts, and all other items, except as specified herein as

Government Furnished Property (GFP)) necessary to perform training operations specified by this PWS.

3.2 Contractor Point of Contact. Contractor shall provide a primary point of contact for the coordination of tasks identified in this PWS.

3.3 WTI Training Course. Contractor shall attend and support bi-annual WTI training courses at MCAS

Yuma during the flight phase of WTI. Coordination between the COR and the Contractor primarily will take place between 0600-1630 Monday through Thursday. All other coordination will take place with the Operations Department, including Federal Holidays during the WTI course.

3.4 Planning Conference. The Contractor shall attend planning conferences. The typical duration of a planning conference is five days. The Contractor will be notified of a scheduled planning conference at least 30 days prior. Historically, planning conferences for the WTI courses occur mid-July and early

February. Conferences take place Monday through Friday from 0800 to 1630.

3.5 Management Plan. The Contractor shall develop a management plan to meet task requirements listed in Section 4 of this PWS.

3.6 Missions. The Contractor shall demonstrate capability of performing simulated attacks against ground-based air defenses, simulated attacks on friendly ground units, and offensive/defensive air combat maneuverings against rotary-wing, fixed-wing and tilt rotor aircraft.

3.7 Aircrew Qualifications. The Contractor shall provide current and qualified Pilots/Adversary

Instructors appropriate for the Mission, Design, and Series (MDS) of aircraft.

3.7.1 Pilots shall be authorized by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to conduct operations in the MDS and possess a current FAA Medical certificate.

3.7.2 Pilots shall have a minimum of 2,000 total flight hours and at least 250 hours of Pilot in

Command flight time in their respective aircraft or 75 hours of Pilot in Command flight time in their respective aircraft and must be a graduate of the Marine Corps Weapons and Tactics

Instructor course, the U.S. Navy Rotary-Wing Weapons School, or the U S Air Force 34th

Weapons Squadron Course. Prior to WTI course curriculum flights, the Pilot in Command shall at least five hours in the model within the previous 60 days.

3.7.3 For non-government provided aircraft, pilot/operator in command shall be licensed, rated, and current IAW FAA regulations for operations conducted under Federal Aviation Regulation

Part 91.313. Operators/Pilots shall have previous military aircraft operations and/or flight test experience. (http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text idx?SID=fcb0bc7798fd3e348c2c7907c8b82378&mc=true&node=se14.2.91_1313&rgn=div8)

3.7.4 Flight line Access. It is the Contractor’s responsibility to contact the Provost Marshal’s Office prior to arrival at MCAS Yuma to ensure the Contractor has been granted access to the flight line and is compliant with current security regulations.

3.8 Aircraft Requirements.

3.8.1 The Contractor shall provide FAA-certified Adversary Aircraft in the MDS required to meet MAWTS-1 syllabus training requirements. Aircraft shall be maintained in accordance with an FAA-Certified Maintenance Program by FAA-Certified

Maintenance Technicians.

3.8.2 The Contractor shall submit a DD Form 2400 - Civil Aircraft Certificate of Insurance, http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text%20idx?SID=fcb0bc7798fd3e348c2c7907c8b82378&mc=true&node=se14.2.91_1313&rgn=div8 http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text%20idx?SID=fcb0bc7798fd3e348c2c7907c8b82378&mc=true&node=se14.2.91_1313&rgn=div8

DD Form 2401-Civil Aircraft Landing Permit, and DD Form 2402-Civil Aircraft Hold

Harmless Agreement. These agreements and any others required must be kept current during the entire period of operation under the contract.

3.8.3 The Contractor shall consider the aircraft provided under this contract as transient military aircraft and not subject to landing fees at controlled airfields.

3.8.4 Flight Safety. The Contractor shall adhere to the MAWTS-1 Flight Operations

Standard Operating Procedures (SOP), which is supplemental to the MCAS Yuma

SOP. The current version is Squadron Order 3710.1P, but the order is subject to change as the procedures change. The COR will provide the most up to date version prior to the contractor conducting Flight Operations.

3.8.5 The Contractor shall maintain liability for any damage or loss of the aircraft and third-party liability. The Contractor shall maintain a copy of all proofs of required insurance and shall make copies available to the Contracting Officer upon request. In accordance with FAR 52.228-5, Insurance on a Government Installation, the Contractor, at its own expense, shall acquire and thereafter maintain the following kinds of insurance with respect to performance under this contract:

a. Workmen’s Compensation Insurance, or equivalent workmen’s compensation coverage, as required or prescribed by law, with minimum employer liability of

$100,000 for accidental bodily injury or death, or for occupational disease.

b. Comprehensive General Liability with minimum limits of $500,000 per occurrence for bodily injury.

c. Comprehensive Automobile Liability with minimum limits of $200,000 per person and

$500,000 per accident or occurrence for bodily injury, and $20,000 per occurrence for property damage.

d. Liability for bodily injury or death of aircraft passengers’ coverage shall be at least

$200,000 per person and $500,000 per occurrence for bodily injury, other than passenger liability, and $200,000 per occurrence for property damage. Coverage for passenger liability bodily injury shall be at least $200,000 multiplied by the number of seats or passengers, whichever is greater.

3.8.6 The Contractor shall provide all maintenance, oil, special equipment, and any other support services associated with operation of the aircraft. The Contractor shall comply with Federal Regulations for all hazardous material found in the Code of Federal

Regulations (CFR), Title 40, Parts 260-265, 270, 300 and state regulations for hazardous materials. (http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?tpl=/ecfrbrowse/Title40/40tab_02.tpl)

3.8.7 All aircraft shall be operated in accordance with applicable Government aeronautical regulations, including United States Navy (USN), United States Air Force (USAF), and local military flying directives, including foreign government requirements. The

Contractor shall comply with federal, local state and Department of War requirements for operation of civil aircraft in support of military operations.

4.0 SPECIFIC TASKS

http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?tpl=/ecfrbrowse/Title40/40tab_02.tpl

Rotary-Wing Adversary Support. The rotary-wing foreign attack helicopter required in support of this requirement shall act as a realistic dissimilar aircraft with unique capabilities supporting specific aircraft training. The amount of rotary-wing adversarial support will be determined by the adversarial requests that the MAWTS-1 Operations Department will collate and route to the

Contractor for a response to the feasibility to support all requests.

NOTE: The aircraft shall be a Mi-24 HIND, Mi-17 HIP or other foreign attack helicopter with comparable performance characteristics and capable of using tracking pods compatible with the

Tactical Air Combat Systems range at MCAS Yuma.

4.1.1 The helicopter shall be a dissimilar rotary-wing aggressor against rotary-wing, fixed-wing, Forward Operating Bases, Forward Arming & Refueling Points and Ground-

Based Air Defense units.

4.1.2 Blade Hours. The Contractor shall provide at each semi-annual WTI training up to 50 flight hours under day Visual Flight Rule (VFR) conditions.

4.1.3 The rotary-wing attack helicopter shall participate in the following training:

(a) Air and Missile Defense Operations. The attack helicopter, due to its size, flight profile, firepower and defensive maneuvering capabilities, constitutes a unique threat creating a realistic, dissimilar and credible

ADFOR to stress the joint forces conducting Joint Air and Missile Defense

Operations.

(b) Close Air Support. The attack helicopter will act as an aggressor to interfere with the forces conducting Joint Close Air Support.

4.2 Fixed-Wing Adversary Support.

4.2.1 The Contractor shall provide fixed-wing support if it is deemed necessary during the planning conference. The Contractor shall be notified of this requirement at a minimum of 15 days before the WTI course. The government is not required to exercise this option.

NOTE: The aircraft required is an L-39, SU-25, or other foreign fixed-wing platform that possesses the ability to replicate a fixed-wing threat to rotary-wing aircraft or ground forces and can use tracking systems compatible with the Tactical Air Combat Systems range at

MCAS Yuma, Arizona.

4.2.2 This aircraft will be used to provide a realistic dissimilar aircraft supporting Anti-Air

Warfare evolutions.

4.2.3 This aircraft will be a dissimilar fixed-wing aggressor exhibiting unique visual/ Infra-

Red and radar signatures against Blue airborne and ground-based air defense units.

Visual identification and countering enemy weapon systems capabilities would be the primary student learning objectives.

4.2.4 Blade Hours. The Contractor shall provide at each semi-annual WTI training up to 12 flight hours under day VFR conditions.

4.3 Surrogate Unmanned Aerial System Adversary Support.

4.3.1 The Contractor shall provide surrogate unmanned aerial system support if it is deemed necessary during the planning conference. The Contractor shall be notified of this requirement at a minimum of 15 days before the WTI course. The government is not required to exercise this option.

NOTE: The aircraft required is a light civil aircraft of similar form to a Shahed 136 one-way attack drone and possesses the ability to replicate a one-way attack drone against rotary-wing aircraft or ground forces and can use tracking systems compatible with the

Tactical Air Combat Systems range at MCAS Yuma, Arizona.

4.3.2 This aircraft will be used to provide a realistic dissimilar aircraft supporting Anti-Air

Warfare and Ground-Based Air Defense evolutions.

4.3.3 This aircraft will be a dissimilar fixed-wing aggressor exhibiting unique visual/ Infra-

Red and radar signatures against Blue airborne and ground-based air defense units.

Visual identification and countering enemy weapon systems capabilities would be the primary student learning objectives.

4.3.4 Blade Hours. The Contractor shall provide at each semi-annual WTI training up to 15 flight hours under day VFR conditions.

4.4 Sorties. The Contractor shall deliver flight sorties in support of the MAWTS-1 WTI Courses as per the ADFOR requests developed during the planning conference.

4.5 Mission & Performance Planning. The Contractor shall attend Mission and Performance planning briefings prior to each flight evolution in support of the MAWTS-1 training.

4.6 Academic Instruction Support.

4.6.1 The Contractor shall provide subject matter expertise in support of the WTI course to include Adversary Aircraft Capabilities and Limitations, Threat Aircraft Employment and Tactics, Dissimilar Air Combat Tactics and Defensive Countermeasure Procedures.

4.6.2 The Contractor shall provide familiarization of adversarial aircrafts, capabilities/limitations through the conduct of aircraft tours as requested via coordination with the Contracting Officer Representative (COR).

4.7 Threat Profile & Employment Replication. The Contractor shall operate the adversary aircraft in a safe manner when replicating intended hostile force’s tactics as identified during the mission and performance-planning brief as identified in 4.4.

4.8 Adversary Weapons Systems Training.

4.8.1 The Contractor shall provide aircraft orientation to MAWTS-1 Instructors and other personnel prior to inflight operations.

4.8.2 The Contractor shall have the capability to allow one COR approved passenger to ride along during adversary training for debriefing purposes.

4.9 Mission Briefings and Debriefings. The Contractor shall attend mission briefings and debriefings, during the flight phase of the WTI course. The Contractor shall provide pertinent data in the form of verbal, written or electronic feedback. Pilots shall assist MAWTS-1 Instructors as required with the debriefing of WTI student air crew following syllabus training. Aircrews must provide same-day flight debriefs as required.

5.0 PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS SUMMARY (PRS)

5.1 The following performance standards shall be utilized by the COR during the performance of this requirement. These performance standards will be incorporated into the Quality Assurance

Surveillance Plan.

Performance Standards

PWS

Paragraph

Performance

Objective

Standard AQL

3.1

Provide Aircraft, Personnel, Maintenance, and logistic support

Services required to

Support WTI course

98% of services provided

4.5

Mission/Performance

Planning

Attend conferences to support syllabus training

95% of services provided

4.6 Academic Instruction

Provide aircraft capabilities and limitations to attendees

90% of services provided

4.7

Threat Profile and Employment

Replication

Replicate hostile force tactics

95% of services provided

4.8 Adversary Weapons

Systems Training

Provide rotary-wing aircraft weapons training

90% of services provided

4.9 Mission Briefings and

Debriefings

Briefing and

Debriefings of pertinent data

95% of services provided

6.0 Provide Support Materials

Provide two (2) pages of documentation based on deliverables

98% of services provided

6.0 DELIVERABLES

These reports shall be provided in Contractor preferred format to the COR as identified in the below table.

These reports may be electronic or hard copy.

Table 1.

Deliverable Content Due Date

6.1 Mission and

Performance Plan

(No more than two (2) pages)

Reference PWS

Paragraph 4.5

• Mission fuel requirements

• The flight route based on known notional enemy threat location and threat capabilities

• The mission plan to passengers or aircrew

• Addresses aircraft altitude, airspeed, weight and balance, range, angle of bank and aircraft maneuver limitations

• Required separation between aircraft

No later than (NLT) four (4) hours prior to each flight

6.2 Sorties

Reference PWS

Paragraph 4.4

• Flights as required to support WTI syllabus requirements

Due to the time and place required by the MAWTS-1 Operations

Department

6.3 Adversary Weapons

Systems Training

(No more than two (2) pages)

Reference PWS

Paragraph 4.8

• Aircraft Orientation for passenger/aircrew

• Aircraft performance characteristics and limitations

• Emergency Egress procedures

• Passenger Emergency cockpit procedures

NLT two (2) hours prior to each flight

7.0 TRAVEL. The services shall be performed at the Marine Corps Air Station Yuma, Arizona and the Yuma

Range Complex. Travel expenses are not required or authorized out of the performance areas.

8.0 PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE. The period of performance shall be for 12 months from date of award with four (4) one (1) year option periods if exercised.

9.0 CONTRACT TYPE. This is a Firm-Fixed price contract with Cost Reimbursement for fuel IAW PWS paragraph 11.0.

10.0 GOVERNMENT-FURNISHED FACILITIES AND PROPERTY (GFP)

10.1 The Contractor shall utilize Government Furnished Property as required to support MAWTS-1 syllabus training. (Appendix 3)

10.2 The Government will provide necessary on-site hangar space for the rotary-wing aircraft, and flight line access, and Class C telephone access for both the rotary-wing and fixed-wing aircraft.

Additionally, the Government will aid in obtaining a Common Access Card (CAC) and Base

Decals, if applicable, for automobile access to the Marine Corps Air Station in Yuma, Arizona.

10.3 The Government shall provide hangar and flight line space for the duration of the flight period for the rotary-wing aircraft. If the aircraft requires extended maintenance, hangar space will be provided for up to two (2) additional weeks. It remains the responsibility of the contractor to provide the maintenance of the aircraft.

11.0 FUEL AND FERRYING

11.1 Fuel will be provided by the Government and reimbursed up to the rate for Government contract fuel in support of this PWS. Fuel will be reimbursed for actual flight time originating at MCAS Yuma, Arizona and for ferry flights to and from MCAS Yuma, Arizona. Actual flight time for reporting purposes is defined in Chief of Naval Operations Instructions, OPNAVINST 3710.7 series.

(https://www.cnatra.navy.mil/tw4/vt27/docs/3710.7u.pdf)

11.2 The Contractor must obtain a Non-Government Agency Department of War Activity Address Code

(T- DODAAC) Fuel Card to purchase fuel on military installations. A Non-US Government Fuel

Purchase Agreement (FPA) must be completed and submitted to DLA Energy at

DLAENERGYFPA@dla.mil. This document will be provided to the contractor for completion at the time of award.

11.3 The Contractor shall attach the Fuel invoices to Wide Area Workflow (WAWF) for reimbursement of Aircraft Fuel associated with the performance at MCAS Yuma. Fuel obtained at MCAS Yuma and for ferry flights to and from MCAS Yuma are the only fuels costs that will be reimbursed.

11.4 The total of curriculum flight hours does not include ferry time required for transporting the aircraft to and from MCAS Yuma, Arizona.

12.0 SECURITY REQUIREMENTS

12.1 Security Clearance. Pilots and aircrew shall possess at a minimum a SECRET Security Clearance.

The DD Form 254 Department of Defense Contract Security Classification Specification shall be provided to the Contractor upon award. A completed draft DD Form 254 is required by the

Contractor upon receipt of the contractor’s quotation. An electronic DD 254 is available at https://www.hqmc.marines.mil/Portals/137/DD254%20(DIGITAL%20SIGNATURE).pdf?ver=201

7-01-09-154507-160.

12.2 MCAS Yuma Security Requirements and Restrictions. Aircrew and maintenance personnel must be able to meet the MCAS Yuma Provost Marshall base access and security clearance requirements, including requirements to access the MCAS Yuma flight line or have escorts with the appropriate access and clearance.

12.2.1 The Contractor, Contractor employees, and Contractor subcontractors shall comply with these requirements. Failure to comply with security requirements does not relieve the Contractor of performance requirements. The current MCAS Yuma Contractor

Access requirement is to present to the Station Pass & ID office located at Building

952/MCAS Yuma Main gate two forms of identification to include one picture identification. Acceptable forms of identification include a valid state driver’s license, a valid state identification card, US passport, social security card and birth certificate.

If there are any questions concerning identification requirements or document applicability, contact the COR (or Government Technical Representative, if no COR is assigned). Responsibility to provide correct documentation to gain access to MCAS https://www.cnatra.navy.mil/tw4/vt27/docs/3710.7u.pdf https://www.hqmc.marines.mil/Portals/137/DD254%20(DIGITAL%20SIGNATURE).pdf?ver=2017-01-09-154507-160 https://www.hqmc.marines.mil/Portals/137/DD254%20(DIGITAL%20SIGNATURE).pdf?ver=2017-01-09-154507-160

Yuma is that of the Contractor. Vehicle access requires presenting to the Station Pass &

ID a valid state driver’s license, current vehicle insurance card, and valid vehicle registration.

12.2.2 Contractor and subcontractor employee compliance with installation rules and regulations. The Contractor is responsible for ensuring that each of its subcontractors fully complies with the following requirements:

12.2.2.1 The Contractor is responsible for providing information required to obtain clearances, permits, passes, or security badges required for Contractor personnel or equipment access. This includes information required for police or background checks or investigations and all other requirements of the issuing activity.

12.2.2.2 The Contractor is responsible for ensuring such clearances, permits, passes, or security badges are promptly returned to the issuing activity upon termination of an employee, completion of a project, or termination of a contract or subcontract.

12.2.2.3 All Contractor personnel performing work under this contract who require access to military installations shall obtain personal entry and vehicle passes from the Provost Marshal’s Office (PMO) of each base.

12.2.2.4 The Commanding Officer of the base, or his designated representative, has broad authority to remove or exclude any person in fulfilling his responsibility to protect personnel and property, to maintain good order and discipline, and to ensure the successful and uninterrupted performance of the Marine Corps mission. In the exercise of this authority, the Commanding Officer, or his designated representative, may refuse to grant personal entry passes or may bar Contractor employees, including employees who have been granted a personal entry pass. Refusal to grant an employee a personal entry pass or debarment of an employee does not relieve the Contractor of the responsibility to continue performance under this contract. The Contractor’s employees shall observe and comply with all base rules and regulations applicable to contract personnel, including those applicable to the safe operation of vehicles, and shall not be present in locations not required for the proper performance of this contract. Then only exception to posted speed limits is passing troops in formation where the speed shall be reduced to 10 miles per hour. Troops in formation have the right-of way over all vehicular traffic.

12.2.2.5 Contractor personnel performing work under this contract shall be readily identifiable an employee of the contractor by uniforms or nametags, or via an alternate method approved by the contracting officer

12.2.2.6 Contractor personnel and equipment entering a military installation are subject to security checks. Contractor personnel shall follow any direction given by

Military Police or other security or safety person

Appendix 1

Applicable Documents

1. Chief of Naval Operations Instructions, OPNAVINST 3710.7

(https://www.cnatra.navy.mil/tw4/vt27/docs/3710.7u.pdf)

2. Federal Aviation Regulation Part 91.313 (http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=fcb0bc7798fd3e348c2c7907c8b82378&mc=true&node=se14.2.91_1313&rgn=div8)

3. Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Title 40, Parts 260-265, 270, 300 (http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?tpl=/ecfrbrowse/Title40/40tab_02.tpl)

4. MAWTS-1 Flight Operations Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) – shall be provided at award

Appendix 2

Glossary

Defensive Air Combat Maneuvers (DACM)- A Simulated Air Combat mission where the adversary aircraft will attack the friendly fixed-wing or rotary-wing aircraft and depending on the scope of the training objective, the friendly aircraft/s may or may not fight turn from defensive measures to offensive measures.

Defensive Tactics- is a mission set where the friendly aircraft aggressed by the adversarial aircraft just to test the friendly aircraft ability to defend themselves.

Mi-17 (NATO reporting name "HIP") - is a Russian helicopter in production at two factories in Kazan and Ulan-

Ude. It is known as the Mi-8M series in Russian service. It is a medium twin-turbine transport helicopter. There are also armed gunship versions.

Mi-24 (NATO reporting name “HIND”)- is a large helicopter gunship, attack helicopter and low-capacity troop transport with room for eight passengers.

Roary-wing Aggress- Adversarial aircraft will aggress a friendly flight evolution and the scope of their mission will be explained during Mission Brief.

Simulated Ground Attacks- Adversarial aircraft will conduct simulated ground attacks on friendly ground units.Visual flight rules (VFR) - are a set of regulations under which a pilot operates an aircraft in weather conditions generally clear enough to allow the pilot to see where the aircraft is going.

Appendix 3

Government Furnished Equipment

1. Tracking Pods - P5 AIRBORNE SUBSYSTEM (USN) ASSEMBLY, AN/ASQ-T50(V)2

2. Mid-Range Tow Tractor (TUG)

3. Mobile Electric Power Plant https://www.cnatra.navy.mil/tw4/vt27/docs/3710.7u.pdf http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=fcb0bc7798fd3e348c2c7907c8b82378&mc=true&node=se14.2.91_1313&rgn=div8 http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=fcb0bc7798fd3e348c2c7907c8b82378&mc=true&node=se14.2.91_1313&rgn=div8