A49 - NTTP 3-26.3 Physical Security (NOV23).pdf

NTTP 3-26.3

NSN: 0411LP0027786 1 NOV 2023

NAVY TACTICS, TECHNIQUES, AND PROCEDURES

PHYSICAL SECURITY

NTTP 3-26.3

NOVEMBER 2023

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY

OFFICE OF THE CHIEF OF NAVAL OPERATIONS

DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION:

APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE; DISTRIBUTION IS UNLIMITED.

NAVY WARFARE DEVELOPMENT CENTER

1528 PIERSEY STREET, BLDG O-27

NORFOLK, VA 23511-2723

PRIMARY REVIEW AUTHORITY:

COMMANDER, NAVY EXPEDITIONARY WARFIGHTING DEVELOPMENT CENTER

RECORD OF CHANGES

NUMBER DATE ENTERED BY

This and other Navy Warfare Library publications, including any edition updates, are available at the Navy Warfare Library websites:

https://doctrine.navy.mil/ and https://doctrine.navy.smil.mil/.

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY

NAVY EXPEDITIONARY WARFIGHTING DEVELOPMENT CENTER

1650 GATOR BLVD

VIRGINIA BEACH VA 23459-2435

LEITER OF APPROVAL

I. NTTP 3-26.3 (NOV 2023), Physical Security, is hereby approved.

November 2023

2. NTTP 3-26.3 introduces and explains the foundational principles which govern the conduct of physical security (PS) at Navy installations, within expeditionary forces, and onboard Navy ships. It provides regional commanders, security officers, installation and ship commanding officers, installation and co�mand security officers, administrative staffs, and the Navy security force with needed tools to help organize, plan, train for, and implement effective and �fficient PS programs using the limited resources at their disposal.

3. NTTP 3-26.3 was developed in accordance with NTRP 1-01 (JUN 2021), The Navy Warfare Library User Manual. This publication-and the new NTTP 3-26.2 (NOV 2023), Law Enforcement-supersedes NTTP 3-07 .2.3 (AUG 2011 ),. Law Enforcement and Physical Security.

4. NTTP 3-26.3 is approved for public release and distribution is unlimite

C. B. ECKHART

NITP 3-26.3 (NOV 2023), Physical Security, is promulgated as a doctrinal publication in the Navy Warfare Library.

�J.iU:

M;�i:E� R. DURKIN, SES Director Navy Watfare Development Center

NOV 2023 2

3 NOV 2023

CONTENTS

Page No.

CHAPTER 1—INTRODUCTION

1.1 PURPOSE .................................................................................................................................... 1-1

1.2 SCOPE ......................................................................................................................................... 1-1

1.3 PHYSICAL SECURITY OVERVIEW ........................................................................................ 1-1

CHAPTER 2—DESIGN BASIS THREAT

2.1 OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................. 2-1

2.2 DESIGN BASIS THREAT PROCESS ........................................................................................ 2-1

2.3 UNDESIRABLE EVENTS .......................................................................................................... 2-1

2.4 BASELINE THREAT .................................................................................................................. 2-3

2.5 ANALYTICAL BASIS AND TARGET ATTRACTIVENESS .................................................. 2-3

2.6 RISK ASSESSMENTS ................................................................................................................ 2-3

2.7 PERFORMANCE STANDARDS................................................................................................ 2-4

2.8 DESIGN BASIS THREAT ANALYSIS ...................................................................................... 2-4

CHAPTER 3—ORGANIZATION AND RESPONSIBILITIES

3.1 OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................. 3-1

3.2 OFFICE OF THE CHIEF OF NAVAL OPERATIONS .............................................................. 3-1

3.2.1 Deputy Chief of Naval Operations for Fleet Readiness and Logistics ......................................... 3-1

3.2.2 Director, Installations ................................................................................................................... 3-1

3.2.3 Deputy Chief of Naval Operations for Integration of Capabilities and Resources ...................... 3-1

3.3 COMMANDER, NAVY INSTALLATIONS COMMAND ........................................................ 3-2

3.4 NAVAL INFORMATION WARFARE SYSTEMS COMMAND ............................................. 3-2

3.5 INSTALLATION COMMANDING OFFICER .......................................................................... 3-2

3.5.1 Installation Security Officer ......................................................................................................... 3-3

3.5.2 Physical Security Officer .............................................................................................................. 3-5

3.5.3 Physical Security Specialist .......................................................................................................... 3-5

3.6 TENANT COMMANDING OFFICERS AND OFFICERS IN CHARGE ................................. 3-6

3.7 NAVY SECURITY FORCE DIVISIONS AND BRANCHES ................................................... 3-6

3.7.1 Administration Division ............................................................................................................... 3-6

3.7.2 Physical Security Division ........................................................................................................... 3-7

3.7.3 Operations Division ...................................................................................................................... 3-7

3.7.4 Communications Division ............................................................................................................ 3-7

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CHAPTER 4—PHYSICAL SECURITY PROGRAM

4.1 OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................. 4-1

4.2 SECURITY EDUCATION PROGRAM ..................................................................................... 4-1

4.3 PHYSICAL SECURITY PRINCIPLES ....................................................................................... 4-1

4.4 SECURITY CHECKS .................................................................................................................. 4-2

4.5 PHYSICAL SECURITY SURVEYS ........................................................................................... 4-2

4.6 SECURITY INSPECTIONS ........................................................................................................ 4-3

4.7 VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENTS ......................................................................................... 4-5

4.8 THREAT ASSESSMENTS ......................................................................................................... 4-5

4.9 RISK MANAGEMENT ............................................................................................................... 4-5

CHAPTER 5—PHYSICAL SECURITY PLANNING

5.1 OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................. 5-1

5.2 PHYSICAL SECURITY PLANNING ......................................................................................... 5-1

5.3 PLANNING RESPONSIBILITIES.............................................................................................. 5-1

5.3.1 Installation Security Officer Planning Responsibilities................................................................ 5-2

5.3.2 Additional Planning Responsibilities ........................................................................................... 5-3

5.4 THE PLANNING PROCESS ...................................................................................................... 5-3

5.5 PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS .............................................................................................. 5-4

5.6 CONSTRUCTION CONSIDERATIONS .................................................................................... 5-5

5.6.1 New Construction and Facility Modifications ............................................................................. 5-5

5.6.2 Navy Military Construction Projects ............................................................................................ 5-5

5.6.3 Activity Upgrade (Modification) Requirements........................................................................... 5-5

5.7 INSTALLATION PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING ARMS,

AMMUNITION, AND EXPLOSIVES ........................................................................................ 5-5

5.8 COORDINATION ....................................................................................................................... 5-6

CHAPTER 6—PHYSICAL SECURITY OF ACTIVITIES AND FACILITIES

6.1 OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................. 6-1

6.2 SECURITY OF NAVY FACILITIES.......................................................................................... 6-1

6.2.1 Physical Security of Leased Facilities .......................................................................................... 6-1

6.2.2 Physical Security of Activities not Located Aboard Navy Installations ...................................... 6-2

6.3 ACCESS AND ENTRY CONTROL POINTS ............................................................................ 6-2

6.4 ACCESS CONTROL POINT ACTIONS .................................................................................... 6-4

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6.5 WATERSIDE AND WATERFRONT SECURITY..................................................................... 6-6

6.6 FLIGHT LINE AND AIRCRAFT SECURITY ........................................................................... 6-9

6.6.1 Installation Security Officer Responsibilities ............................................................................... 6-9

6.6.2 Flight Line and Aircraft Security Planning ................................................................................ 6-10

6.6.3 Flight Line Security .................................................................................................................... 6-11

6.6.4 Aircraft Parking Areas ................................................................................................................ 6-12

6.6.5 Transient or Deployed Aircraft .................................................................................................. 6-12

6.6.6 Security of Navy Aircraft at Non-Navy Controlled Airfields .................................................... 6-13

6.6.7 Tenant Commands ...................................................................................................................... 6-14

6.6.8 Privately Owned Vehicle Parking .............................................................................................. 6-14

6.6.9 Off-base Aircraft Mishaps .......................................................................................................... 6-14

6.7 PROTECTION OF BULK PETROLEUM PRODUCTS .......................................................... 6-15

6.7.1 General ....................................................................................................................................... 6-15

6.7.2 Antiterrorism Plan and Liaison .................................................................................................. 6-15

6.7.3 Security Inspections ................................................................................................................... 6-15

6.8 SECURITY OF COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS ................................................................. 6-15

6.8.1 General ....................................................................................................................................... 6-16

6.8.2 Responsibilities .......................................................................................................................... 6-16

6.8.3 Mobile Communications Systems .............................................................................................. 6-16

6.9 COUNTER-SMALL UNMANNED AERIAL SYSTEMS ....................................................... 6-17

6.9.1 General ....................................................................................................................................... 6-17

6.9.2 System Classification ................................................................................................................. 6-17

CHAPTER 7—INSTALLATION ACCESS REQUIREMENTS

7.1 OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................. 7-1

7.2 DETERMINING ACCESS .......................................................................................................... 7-1

7.3 PERSONNEL AND VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION .................................................................. 7-1

7.3.1 Establishing Identity ..................................................................................................................... 7-2

7.3.2 Acceptable Credentials ................................................................................................................. 7-2

7.3.3 Source Identity Document Combinations Accepted at all Department of Defense

Installations .................................................................................................................................. 7-3

7.3.4 Verification of Credentials ........................................................................................................... 7-4

7.3.5 Establishing Fitness for Access .................................................................................................... 7-4

7.3.6 Adjudication, Redress, and Appeal Process ................................................................................. 7-6

7.3.7 Establishing Purpose for Access .................................................................................................. 7-7

7.3.8 Oversized Vehicles ....................................................................................................................... 7-7

7.4 TYPES OF INSTALLATION ACCESS ...................................................................................... 7-8

7.4.1 Unescorted Access ....................................................................................................................... 7-8

7.4.2 Trusted Traveler Access ............................................................................................................... 7-8

7.4.3 Escorted Access ............................................................................................................................ 7-9

CHAPTER 8—VEHICLE INSPECTION PROCEDURES

8.1 OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................. 8-1

8.2 OBTAIN KNOWLEDGE OF THE LOCATION’S DEMOGRAPHICS .................................... 8-1

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8.3 DRIVER INTERVIEW ................................................................................................................ 8-2

8.3.1 Initial Observation ........................................................................................................................ 8-2

8.3.2 Conducting the Interview ............................................................................................................. 8-2

8.3.3 Stress Indicators ........................................................................................................................... 8-4

8.4 VEHICLE INSPECTIONS .......................................................................................................... 8-6

8.4.1 Categories of Vehicle Inspections ................................................................................................ 8-6

8.4.2 Types of Vehicle Inspections ....................................................................................................... 8-6

CHAPTER 9—RESTRICTED AREA AND LIMITED WATERWAYS

9.1 OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................. 9-1

9.2 RESTRICTED AREAS ................................................................................................................ 9-1

9.2.1 Restricted Area Levels ................................................................................................................. 9-1

9.2.2 Restricted Area Access Control ................................................................................................... 9-4

9.3 LIMITED WATERWAY AREAS ............................................................................................... 9-5

CHAPTER 10—LOSS PREVENTION

10.1 OVERVIEW ............................................................................................................................... 10-1

10.2 LOSS-PREVENTION PROGRAM MEASURES AND OBJECTIVES ................................... 10-1

10.3 PROPERTY MANAGEMENT .................................................................................................. 10-1

10.4 HIGH-RISK AND HIGH-VALUE MATERIAL CONTROL ................................................... 10-2

10.4.1 Security of High-value Materials ............................................................................................... 10-2

10.4.2 Command Responsibilities ......................................................................................................... 10-2

10.5 CONTROLLED AREAS AND CIRCULATION CONTROL .................................................. 10-3

CHAPTER 11—KEY AND COMBINATION LOCK CONTROL PROGRAM

11.1 OVERVIEW ............................................................................................................................... 11-1

11.2 KEY AND LOCK CONTROL .................................................................................................. 11-1

11.2.1 Frequency of Inventories ............................................................................................................ 11-1

11.2.2 Padlocks and Lock Cores ........................................................................................................... 11-1

11.2.3 Lock Procurement ...................................................................................................................... 11-1

11.2.4 Lockouts ..................................................................................................................................... 11-1

11.3 ARMS, AMMUNITION, AND EXPLOSIVES ........................................................................ 11-2

APPENDIX A—ELECTRONIC SECURITY SYSTEMS

A.1 OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................ A-1

A.2 ELECTRONIC SECURITY SYSTEMS ..................................................................................... A-1 A.2.1 Detect, Delay, and Respond ........................................................................................................ A-1 A.2.2 Establish Requirements ............................................................................................................... A-3 A.2.3 Existing Facilities ........................................................................................................................ A-4

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A.3 ELECTRONIC PHYSICAL ACCESS CONTROL SYSTEM ................................................... A-4 A.3.1 Defense Biometric Identification System .................................................................................... A-4 A.3.2 Identity Matching Engine for Security and Analysis .................................................................. A-5

A.4 INTRUSION DETECTION SYSTEMS ..................................................................................... A-5 A.4.1 Policy Compliance ...................................................................................................................... A-6 A.4.2 Alarm-monitoring Locations ....................................................................................................... A-6 A.4.3 Zone Definition ........................................................................................................................... A-6 A.4.4 Intrusion Detection System and Access Control Systems Integration ........................................ A-7 A.4.5 Interior Sensors............................................................................................................................ A-7 A.4.6 Exterior Sensors—Open Terrain ................................................................................................. A-8 A.4.7 Exterior Sensors—Property and Fence-line Detection .............................................................. A-10 A.4.8 False Alarm Causes and Intrusion Detection System Application for Exterior Sensors ........... A-11

A.5 CLOSED-CIRCUIT TELEVISION SYSTEM ......................................................................... A-11 A.5.1 Cameras ..................................................................................................................................... A-12 A.5.2 Glare Reduction ......................................................................................................................... A-14 A.5.3 Viewing in Low-light Conditions .............................................................................................. A-14 A.5.4 Video-frame Rate ...................................................................................................................... A-14

A.6 ELECTRONIC SECURITY SYSTEM COMPLEXITY .......................................................... A-15 A.6.1 Simple System ........................................................................................................................... A-15 A.6.2 Intermediate System .................................................................................................................. A-15 A.6.3 Complex System........................................................................................................................ A-15 A.6.4 Networked System .................................................................................................................... A-16

A.7 MONITORING METHODS ..................................................................................................... A-16 A.7.1 Proprietary Station ..................................................................................................................... A-16 A.7.2 Local Alarm ............................................................................................................................... A-17 A.7.3 Central Station ........................................................................................................................... A-17 A.7.4 Police Connection...................................................................................................................... A-17

A.8 DATA TRANSMISSION MEDIA ........................................................................................... A-18 A.8.1 Bandwidth Analysis .................................................................................................................. A-18 A.8.2 Secure Communications ............................................................................................................ A-18 A.8.3 Cable Routing ............................................................................................................................ A-18 A.8.4 Signal and Data Transmission Media Supervision .................................................................... A-18 A.8.5 Physical Protection of Interior Electronic Security Systems ..................................................... A-18 A.8.6 Physical Protection of Exterior Electronic Security Systems .................................................... A-19 A.8.7 Radio Frequencies ..................................................................................................................... A-19 A.8.8 Raceway, Labeling, and Shielding Requirements ..................................................................... A-19

APPENDIX B—WAIVERS AND EXCEPTIONS

B.1 OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................. B-1

B.2 WAIVERS AND EXCEPTION PROCESS ................................................................................. B-1

APPENDIX C—PHYSICAL BARRIERS AND PROTECTIVE LIGHTING

C.1 OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................. C-1

C.2 BARRIERS AND OPENINGS .................................................................................................... C-1

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C.3 FENCING ..................................................................................................................................... C-1 C.3.1 Fence Fabric ................................................................................................................................. C-2 C.3.2 Top and Bottom Selvages ............................................................................................................. C-2 C.3.3 Fence Posts ................................................................................................................................... C-3 C.3.4 Fence Bracing ............................................................................................................................... C-3 C.3.5 Top Guards ................................................................................................................................... C-3 C.3.6 Ornamental Fences ....................................................................................................................... C-3 C.3.7 Welded Wire-mesh Fabric ............................................................................................................ C-3 C.3.8 Farm-style Fence .......................................................................................................................... C-4 C.3.9 Reinforcement for Fencing ........................................................................................................... C-4 C.3.10 Double-fence Lines ...................................................................................................................... C-5 C.3.11 Drainage Crossing ........................................................................................................................ C-6 C.3.12 Tunneling Prevention ................................................................................................................... C-6 C.3.13 Barbed Wire and Barbed-tape Concertina .................................................................................... C-7

C.4 GATES ......................................................................................................................................... C-7 C.4.1 Personnel Gates ............................................................................................................................ C-8 C.4.2 Turnstile (Rotational) Gates ......................................................................................................... C-8 C.4.3 Single Swing Gates ...................................................................................................................... C-8 C.4.4 Vehicular Gates ............................................................................................................................ C-8

C.5 WALLS ........................................................................................................................................ C-9

C.6 TEMPORARY BARRIERS ......................................................................................................... C-9

C.7 INSPECTION OF BARRIERS .................................................................................................... C-9

C.8 DRAINAGE CULVERTS AND UTILITY OPENINGS ............................................................ C-9 C.8.1 Large-diameter Pipes (Multiple Pipes) ......................................................................................... C-9 C.8.2 Large-diameter Pipes (Grilled Configuration) ........................................................................... C-10 C.8.3 Utility Openings ......................................................................................................................... C-11

C.9 PATROL ROADS ...................................................................................................................... C-11

C.10 PROTECTIVE LIGHTING ....................................................................................................... C-11 C.10.1 Lighting Principles ..................................................................................................................... C-11 C.10.2 Illumination of Assets ................................................................................................................ C-12 C.10.3 Restricted Areas ......................................................................................................................... C-12 C.10.4 Wiring Systems .......................................................................................................................... C-12 C.10.5 Controls and Switches ................................................................................................................ C-12 C.10.6 Power Sources ............................................................................................................................ C-12

APPENDIX D—ACCESS CONTROL DESIGN AND SYSTEMS

D.1 OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................ D-1

D.2 ACCESS CONTROL POINT DESIGN ...................................................................................... D-1

D.3 STRUCTURE OF AN ACCESS CONTROL POINT ................................................................ D-2

D.4 ACCESS CONTROL SYSTEMS ............................................................................................... D-3 D.4.1 Components ................................................................................................................................. D-3 D.4.2 Methodology ............................................................................................................................... D-4

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D.4.3 Access Control System Entry Authorization Identifiers ............................................................. D-4 D.4.4 Additional Access Control System Features ............................................................................... D-6

D.5 AUTOMATED ENTRY CONTROL SYSTEMS ....................................................................... D-6

APPENDIX E—VEHICLE INSPECTION CHECKLISTS

E.1 OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................. E-1

E.2 CHECKLISTS FOR THE INSPECTION OF ALL PASSENGER VEHICLES ......................... E-1

E.3 CHECKLISTS FOR THE INSPECTION OF TRACTOR/TRAILERS AND TANKERS ......... E-5

E.4 CHECKLISTS FOR THE INSPECTION OF MOTORCYCLES ............................................... E-9

REFERENCES

LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

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LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

Page No.

CHAPTER 2—DESIGN BASIS THREAT

Figure 2-1. List of Undesirable Events ....................................................................................................... 2-1 Figure 2-2. Example of an Analysis of a Design Basis Threat ................................................................... 2-4

CHAPTER 6—PHYSICAL SECURITY OF ACTIVITIES AND FACILITIES

Figure 6-1. Access Control Point Use Classifications ................................................................................ 6-4 Figure 6-2. Security of Waterfront Assets Matrix in United States Navy Controlled Ports ....................... 6-7 Figure 6-3. Security Requirements for Nonalert Aircraft by Type ........................................................... 6-13

CHAPTER 7—INSTALLATION ACCESS REQUIREMENTS

Figure 7-1. Summary of Credential Acceptability, Enrollment Capability, and Requirements Established ............................................................................................................................... 7-5

CHAPTER 9—RESTRICTED AREA AND LIMITED WATERWAYS

Figure 9-1. Limited Waterways .................................................................................................................. 9-6

APPENDIX A—ELECTRONIC SECURITY SYSTEMS

Figure A-1. An Electronic Security System as a Part of a Physical Security System ................................ A-2 Figure A-2. Timeline Showing Two Cases of Breach and Detection......................................................... A-3 Figure A-3. Interoperability Between Defense Biometric Identification System (Electronic Physical

Access Control System, Automated Installation Entry, etc.), Identity Management Enterprise Services Architecture, and United States Government Databases ........................ A-6

Figure A-4. Active Infrared Intrusion Detection System ........................................................................... A-9 Figure A-5. Monostatic Microwave Sensor and Associated Footprints ................................................... A-10 Figure A-6. False Alarm Causes—Exterior Intrusion Detection System Sensors .................................... A-12 Figure A-7. Complex System with Separate Access Control System, Intrusion Detection System, and

Closed-circuit Television Subsystems .................................................................................. A-15 Figure A-8. Networked System ................................................................................................................ A-16 Figure A-9. Proprietary Station Monitoring ............................................................................................. A-17 Figure A-10. Central Station Monitoring ................................................................................................... A-17

APPENDIX B—WAIVERS AND EXCEPTIONS

Figure B-1. Waiver and Exception Request Process ................................................................................... B-1 Figure B-2. Request for Waiver Elements .................................................................................................. B-2 Figure B-3. Request for Long-term Exceptions Elements .......................................................................... B-3 Figure B-4. Waiver and Exception Serial Number Example ...................................................................... B-3

APPENDIX C—PHYSICAL BARRIERS AND PROTECTIVE LIGHTING

Figure C-1. General Chain-link Fence Components ................................................................................... C-2 Figure C-2. Examples of Selvage ................................................................................................................ C-3 Figure C-3. Welded Wire-mesh Fence ........................................................................................................ C-4 Figure C-4. Example of a Double-fence Line ............................................................................................. C-5 Figure C-5. Large Culvert with Short Pipes .............................................................................................. C-10

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Figure C-6. Steel Culvert Grill .................................................................................................................. C-10 Figure C-7. Concrete Culvert Grill ............................................................................................................ C-10

APPENDIX D–ACCESS CONTROL DESIGN AND SYSTEMS

Figure D-1. Access Control Point Zones .................................................................................................... D-2 Figure D-2. Access Control System Design Process .................................................................................. D-4

APPENDIX E—VEHICLE INSPECTION CHECKLISTS

Figure E-1. Notional Checklist for Passenger Vehicles .............................................................................. E-1 Figure E-2. Notional Checklist for Tractor/Trailers and Tankers ............................................................... E-5 Figure E-3. Notional Checklist for Motorcycles ......................................................................................... E-9

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INTENTIONALLY BLANK

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PREFACE

NTTP 3-26.3 (NOV 2023), PHYSICAL SECURITY, is available in the Navy Warfare Library (NWL). It supersedes NTTP 3-07.2.3 (AUG 2011) LAW ENFORCEMENT AND PHYSICAL SECURITY.

This publication introduces and explains the foundational principles which govern the conduct of physical security at United States Navy installations, within expeditionary forces, and onboard Navy ships. It provides region commanders, regional security officers, installation and ship commanding officers, installation and command security officers, administrative staffs, and the Navy security force with needed tools to help organize, plan, train for, and implement effective and efficient physical security programs using the limited resources at their disposal. Within this publication, installation security officers and command security officers will be referred to as security officers, unless the specified information is unique to an individual platform domain (afloat or ashore). Installation commanding officer and commanding officer will be used interchangeably throughout this publication, unless unique responsibilities only apply to a particular type of commander.

INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE

This and other NWL publications, including edition updates, are available on the NWL portal (https://doctrine.navy.mil/ or https://doctrine.navy.smil.mil/). Printed copies may be ordered by following the directions included in Appendix A of NTRP 1-01, The Navy Warfare Library User Manual.

Report urgent changes, routine changes, and administrative discrepancies by letter, general administrative message, or email to NAVY WARFARE DEVELOPMENT CENTER, ATTN: DOCTRINE, 1528 PIERSEY STREET, BLDG O-27, NORFOLK, VA 23511-2723. (Email: NWDC_NRFK_FLEET_PUBS@NAVY.MIL)

CHANGE BARS

Revised text is indicated by a black vertical line in the outside margin of the page, like the one printed next to this paragraph. The change bar indicates added or restated information. A change bar in the margin adjacent to the chapter number and title indicates a new or completely revised chapter.

WARNINGS, CAUTIONS, AND NOTES

The following definitions apply to warnings, cautions, and notes used in this manual:

An operating procedure, practice, or condition that may result in injury or death if not carefully observed or followed.

or condition that may result in damage to equipment if not carefully observed or followed.

Note or condition that requires emphasis.

WORDING

Word usage and intended meaning throughout this publication are as follows:

“Shall” and “must” indicate the application of a procedure is mandatory.

“Should” indicates the application of a procedure is recommended.

“May” and “need not” indicate the application of a procedure is optional.

“Will” indicates future time. It never indicates any degree of requirement for application of a procedure.

NOV 2023 14

1-1 NOV 2023

CHAPTER 1

Introduction

1.1 PURPOSE

This publication introduces and explains the foundational principles and provides technical reference material governing the conduct of physical security at United States Navy installations and onboard Navy ships. It provides a basis for understanding Navy policies and objectives related to physical security. More important, it provides region commanders (REGCOMs), regional security officers (RSOs), installation commanding officers (ICOs) and ship commanding officers, installation security officers (ISOs) and command security officers, administrative staffs, directors, and the Navy security force (NSF), with the needed tools to help organize, plan, train for, and implement effective and efficient physical security programs, using the limited resources at their disposal. Physical security programs include measures taken by a command, ship, or installation to protect against all acts designed to, or that may, impair its effectiveness. Physical security personnel provide security and are key to the protection construct.

The guidance within this publication will assist the REGCOMs, RSOs, commanding officers, and security officers to efficiently allocate security resources, effectively employ the NSF, and expeditiously increase the response to incidents within a Navy installation. The key to ensuring an effective and efficient physical security program is the integration of all security and law-enforcement forces at an installation into a single force structure.

1.2 SCOPE

This publication is applicable to all Navy installations, ships, and other units within the United States or foreign territory in accordance with applicable status-of-forces agreements. This publication is not all-inclusive, nor does it relieve the commanding officer or security officer from their obligation to comply with statutory and regulatory requirements.

This publication provides the required procedures for the protection of Navy installations and supports the requirements established in OPNAVINST 5530.14E, Change 3, Navy Physical Security and Law Enforcement Program. Although focused on Navy installations, many of the tactics, techniques and procedures (TTP) within this publication apply to afloat and expeditionary operations. This publication does not negate the necessity for commanding officers to promulgate standard operating procedures (SOPs), post orders, or preplanned responses;

to address circumstances unique to the areas or units they command; to bridge doctrine gaps; or, when there is justification, to deviate from doctrine.

1.3 PHYSICAL SECURITY OVERVIEW

Physical security is that part of security concerned with physical measures designed to safeguard personnel; to prevent unauthorized access to equipment, installations, materiel, and documents; and to safeguard personnel, equipment, installations, materiel, and documents against espionage, sabotage, damage, and theft to provide a secure environment. The primary mission within the physical security construct is to employ protective measures and security procedures in combination with active or passive systems, technologies, devices, and security forces used to protect personnel, resources, installations, facilities and information from possible threats. This task includes enforcing perimeter boundaries and conducting access control to prevent unauthorized entry and counter the introduction of unauthorized personnel, hazardous material, contraband, and prohibited items from entering an installation or restricted area. Paramount within this task is the requirement to provide NSF for the protection of vessels and port/waterfront facilities, to include protecting friendly forces within a designated geographic area, harbor, approach, or anchorage against external threats, sabotage, subversive acts, accidents, theft, negligence, civil disturbance, and disasters.

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The essence of physical security on Navy installations, at locations where military personnel reside, and during in-transit operations involves the integration of policy, doctrine, personnel, materiel, training, intelligence, and planning. This integration achieves the maximum return on investment while allowing the commanding officer to accept certain risks yet capitalize on optimum countermeasures. Viewing installation security as a three-layered environment or layered defense focused on major security missions improves protection from purely physical to full-spectrum. The operational construct of the battlespace for a commanding officer is based on the concept of the operation, accomplishment of the mission, and protection of the force. The commanding officer uses experience, professional knowledge, and understanding of the situation to change their battlespace as current operations transition to future operations. The installation boundary is the area of operations, consisting of an inner bubble that must be protected (e.g., personnel, facilities, ships, aircraft, or activities within an installation) that, by virtue of their function, are evaluated by the ICO as vital to the successful accomplishment of the installation mission. Part of the area of operations or installation is the middle bubble, which includes the rest of the installation confines (e.g., housing, ammunition storage areas, nonsingle point-of-failure communications sites, etc.). The outer, or third, bubble does not have a definite boundary and is defined by the ICO as the area of influence. The installation area of influence includes areas that the ICO can influence through such activities as contacts with local officials, law enforcement agencies, and emergency management agencies and through command public affairs officers.

This publication specifically addresses those TTP that support full-spectrum security, (e.g., physical security assessments and loss prevention). Many of the other functions within physical security are covered in NTTP 3-07.2.1, Change 2, Antiterrorism, as many aspects of antiterrorism and physical security overlap.

2-1 NOV 2023

CHAPTER 2

Design Basis Threat

2.1 OVERVIEW

The design basis threat (DBT) establishes the characteristics of the threat environment to be used in conjunction with physical security standards. This chapter provides guidance regarding the various aspects of the DBT process and analysis.

2.2 DESIGN BASIS THREAT PROCESS

The DBT is an estimate of the threat that faces installations across a range of undesirable events and is based on the best intelligence information, intelligence community reports and assessments, and crime statistics available to the threat working group at the time of publication. Users of the DBT must consider that undiscovered plots may exist, adversaries are always searching for new methods and tactics to overcome security measures, and the lone adversary remains largely unpredictable. The intent of the DBT is to support the calculation of the threat, vulnerability, and consequence to an installation or facility when calculating risk and to determine specific adversary characteristics that performance standards and countermeasures are designed to overcome. The results of the DBT process will assist in establishing a list of those threats that will not be defended against and the rationale for this decision (applying risk management).

2.3 UNDESIRABLE EVENTS

Figure 2-1 lists some undesirable events that could have an adverse impact on the operation of an installation, facility (to include critical infrastructure off of the facility), or mission of the Navy.

Undesirable Event Description

Aircraft as a weapon Attack on an installation using an aircraft as an improvised explosive device (IED).

Arson Accessing a facility and deliberately setting fire to the facility or to assets within the facility.

Assault Physically assaulting (with or without a weapon) a person or persons on the installation or in a facility.

Ballistic attack—active shooter An active shooter is an individual actively engaged in killing or attempting to kill people in a confined and populated area, typically with firearms.

Small arms Firearm fired from off base into an installation or facility.

Ballistic attack—standoff weapons Mortar, rocket-propelled grenade, etc., fired from off base into an installation or facility.

Access control point (ACP)—covert Use of deceit, coercion, or social engineering to gain access to a facility through a controlled entrance.

ACP—overt The use of force and/or weapons to defeat a personnel screening or access control check point (to include identification checks).

Figure 2-1. List of Undesirable Events (Sheet 1 of 2)

NOV 2023 2-2

Undesirable Event Description

Chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) release—external

Intentional release of a CBRN agent into an installation or facility through a specific access point (e.g., air intake, windows, or doorways) from outside the facility.

CBRN release—internal Intentional release of a CBRN agent carried into a facility, to include in general interior spaces (lobbies) or into specific rooms or systems via heating, ventilation, and air conditioning.

CBRN release—mailed or delivered A CBRN substance or dispersal device sent to the facility through U.S. mail or a commercial delivery service, to include an unwitting courier.

CBRN release—water supply Intentional release of a CBRN agent into an installation’s potable water supply from a location outside the facility.

Civil disturbance Deliberate and planned acts of violence and destruction stemming from organized demonstrations on or near Navy property.

Coordinated or sequential attack A planned assault on an installation that integrates the aspects of several undesirable events.

Disruption of building and security systems

Physically accessing building or security systems for the purposes of disruption or manipulation of the systems.

Explosive device—mailed or delivered

An explosive device sent to the installation through U.S. mail or a commercial delivery service, including an unwitting courier.

Explosive device—man-portable internal

An explosive device carried onto the installation by an adversary or an unsuspecting occupant, visitor, or courier, and left to detonate after the adversary departs.

Explosive…