RFI section J SOO.pdf

Subject: SPECIAL NOTICE - REQUEST FOR INFORMATION (RFI) Activity Title: USAID/Indonesia Collaborative Fisheries Management or Bersama Kelola Perikanan (Ber-IKAN) RFI Number:72049721RFI000001 Amendment 001 Issuance Date: March 12, 2021 Response Due Date and Time: March 26, 2021 at 16:00 Jakarta Time Response Email Address: proposals-indo@usaid.gov

Dear Interested Parties:

This is a Request for Information (RFI). USAID/Indonesia is not seeking technical or cost applications/proposals at this time. Responses to this notice are not offers and cannot be accepted by the Government to form a binding contract. Responses to this RFI are voluntary and USAID will not pay respondents for any information provided in response to this RFI. If a future solicitation is issued, it will be announced on the website beta.sam.gov.

This RFI intends to obtain industry feedback related to the enclosed draft Statement of Objective (SOO) and situation model for the new USAID/Indonesia Collaborative Fisheries Management or Bersama Kelola Perikanan (Ber-IKAN) activity. USAID may revise the solicitation based on feedback received, but it is not obligated to do so. This RFI is open for comments from any interested U.S. and non-U.S. organizations.

Responses should be sent using the cover page as Attachment No. 2 to this RFI. USAID values concise, issue-specific responses. Please ensure submitted comments make specific reference to page and section numbers. Responses should be no more than 5 (five) pages in length (not including the cover page/Attachment 2). Responses to the RFI must be written in English, shall use only 8 ½” x 11” paper, single spaced, Arial 11pt font or 12pt Times New Roman font. Number each page consecutively.

It is the potential offeror’s responsibility to monitor this site for the release of any solicitation or synopsis. It should be noted that responding to this RFI will not give any advantage to any firm or organization in the subsequent procurement. Responses will be held confidential. Proprietary information should not be sent.

Standard Clause: FAR 52.215-3 Request for Information or Solicitation for Planning Purposes (OCT 1997)

(a) The Government does not intend to award a contract on the basis of this solicitation or to otherwise pay for the information solicited except as an allowable cost under other contracts as provided in subsection 31.205-18 Bid and Proposal Costs, of the Federal Acquisition Regulation.

(b) Although “proposal” and “offeror” are used in this Request for Information, your response will be treated as information only. It shall not be used as a proposal.

mailto:proposals-indo@usaid.gov

Draft

(c) This solicitation is issued for the purpose of obtaining information about the interests, capabilities, reasonable prices, and market information related to the enclosed draft statement of objectives.

USAID/Indonesia is under no obligation to acknowledge receipt of the information, answer questions or provide feedback to respondents with respect to any information submitted.

Please note issuance of this RFI does not constitute an award commitment on the part of the U.S. Government, nor does it commit the Government to pay for any costs incurred in the preparation of comments.

Thank you for your assistance and interest in USAID/Indonesia’s programs.

Sincerely

Nathan Olah Contracting/Agreement Officer USAID/Indonesia

Attachment:

Attachment 1 Section J.1 Statement of Objectives Attachment 2 Response Form

ATTACHMENT 1

SECTION J.1

STATEMENT OF OBJECTIVES

Collaborative Fisheries Management or Bersama Kelola Perikanan (Ber-IKAN)

Note: Throughout the Statement of Objectives (SOO), the terms “Offeror” and “Contractor” are used purposefully to signify the status of an entity prior to and after award of the resulting contract. Therefore, all content related to an “Offeror” should be considered by an entity in their proposal preparation; while content related to a “Contractor” are informational and refer to activities or responsibilities performed by the winning Offeror after award.

This SOO identifies the top level goals and objectives of the Collaborative Fisheries Management or Bersama Kelola Perikanan (Ber-IKAN) activity and is used as a focusing tool for both the U.S. Government (USG) and the Contractor. This SOO is provided in lieu of a USG written statement of work (SOW). The SOO does not state how the work is to be accomplished, but allows Offerors to develop and propose innovative approaches and cost-effective solutions to meet the Activity goal and objectives. The expected results and performance standards proposed by the winning Offeror (i.e., Contractor) and accepted by USAID will be adopted in the Performance Work Statement (PWS), which will constitute Section C of the resulting contract.

To apply the principles of collaborating, learning, and adapting (CLA) to the Activity, USAID/Indonesia and the Contractor will conduct a collaborative start-up workshop (see Section F.5, Reports and Deliverables) after award to develop results chains and expected results, performance standards and assessment methods, using the expected results and performance standards in the PWS as a starting point.

J.1.A Title

The Activity is titled “Collaborative Fisheries Management” or “Bersama Kelola Perikanan” or “Ber-IKAN.”

J.1. B Purpose The Activity seeks to advance Indonesia's self-reliance to protect marine biodiversity by improving sustainable and equitable management of fisheries. This Activity contributes to the 2020-2024 USAID Indonesia Country Development Cooperation Strategy (CDCS). This Activity supports CDCS Development Objective (DO) 3, Environmental Sustainability Improved, Intermediate Result (IR) 3.1, Natural Resource Management Improved. IR 3.1 advances Indonesia’s Journey to Self Reliance (J2SR) by developing joint ownership of development objectives and aligning USAID resources with the Government of Indonesia’s (GOI) goals to strengthen natural resource governance, environmental sustainability, and the private sector’s role in sustainable commodity production.

J.1.C Development Context

J.1.C.1 Indonesia’s Fisheries

Indonesia is the second largest fisheries producer in the world with over 6.7 million tonnes of wild capture fisheries landed in 20181, representing eight percent of marine fisheries landings

1 Bappenas. 2020. Indonesia Midterm Development Plan 2020-2024.

https://www.bappenas.go.id/files/rpjmn/Narasi%20RPJMN%20IV%202020-2024_Revisi%2028%20Juni%202019.pdf globally2. Catch rates for marine fisheries in Indonesian waters have increased from less than 4 million tonnes in the early 2000s to current levels, with major improvements in data collection and reporting for many fisheries accounting for part of the increase.

Indonesian fisheries depend on the country’s exceptional marine biodiversity. Being located in the Coral Triangle, the global epicenter of marine biodiversity, Indonesia is home to 76 percent of the world's coral species and 37 percent of the world's coral reef fish species3. The interconnected habitats of coral reefs, mangroves, and seagrasses are among the most important and productive ecosystems in Indonesia.

As the world’s largest archipelagic country, 75 percent of Indonesia’s territory, including the exclusive economic zone, is water. As a result, Indonesia’s marine resources and fisheries play an important role in the country’s economy, geopolitics, culture, and natural environment4. More than half of Indonesia's animal protein supply comes from fish and seafood5, which underscores the importance of sustainable fisheries for domestic food security, particularly in light of COVID-

19. Fisheries trade is an important sector of the economy with Indonesia supplying about 10 percent of global marine commodities. With more than 2.2 million fishers6 and 12 million people involved in the fisheries sector7, the long-term sustainability of Indonesia’s fisheries is important for productivity, livelihoods, food security, ecosystem services, and biodiversity conservation.

Indonesia's National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN) 2020-2024 has a strong focus on economic development with an overall target of six percent economic growth and 3.9 percent growth specifically for the fisheries sector. The RPJMN economic target aims for an increase in national wild caught fish production to 10 million tonnes by 2024. Indonesia also relies on aquaculture production to meet seafood demand and has set a target to increase aquaculture production from 18 to 22 million tonnes by 2024, in particular for shrimp and seaweed.

Unplanned development of coastal aquaculture, including shrimp farming, is a major factor behind mangrove loss8, which reduces ecological and socio-economic functions that provide coastal protection, support habitats for many fish species, and enhance human-wellbeing, livelihoods, and food security9.

J.1.C.2 U.S. Government’s Indo-Pacific Vision

Advancing marine biodiversity conservation and sustainable fisheries management contributes to the Indo-Pacific Vision for a free and open Indo-Pacific, particularly to strengthening natural resources management safeguards and security in the Indo-Pacific region by improving regulatory frameworks, sustainable supply chains, biodiversity conservation, and reducing illegal, unregulated and unreported (IUU) fishing.

J.1.C.3 Problem Statement and Development Hypothesis

2 FAO. 2020. The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture.

3 Veron et al. 2009. Delineating the Coral Triangle.

4 California Environmental Associates. 2018. “Trends in Marine Resources and Fisheries Management in Indonesia:

A 2018 Review” 5 FAO. 2017. Indonesia Country Fact Sheet on Food and Agriculture Policy Trends.

6 KKP. 2017. Satu Data. “Jumlah Nelayan/Pembudidaya”.

7 KKP. 2012. Tribunbisnis “KKP Catat Hampir 12 Juta Tenaga Kerja Perikanan di Indonesia.

8 Ahmed and Glaser. 2016. Coastal Aquaculture, Mangrove Deforestation, and Blue Carbon Emission: is REDD+ a solution?

9 Witomo, C.M. 2018. Impact of Shrimp Fish Ponds Towards the Mangrove Ecosystem.

http://www.fao.org/documents/card/en/c/ca9229en https://www.researchgate.net/publication/250274121_Delineating_the_Coral_Triangle https://www.packard.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Indonesia-Marine-Full-Report-08.07.2018.pdf https://www.packard.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Indonesia-Marine-Full-Report-08.07.2018.pdf http://www.fao.org/3/a-i7696e.pdf https://statistik.kkp.go.id/home.php?m=nelayan&i=6 https://www.tribunnews.com/bisnis/2012/11/19/kkp-catat-hampir-12-juta-tenaga-kerja-perikanan-di-indonesia http://ecoloc.zmt-bremen.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Ahmed-Glaser-2016-Marine-Policy.pdf http://ecoloc.zmt-bremen.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Ahmed-Glaser-2016-Marine-Policy.pdf http://ejournal-balitbang.kkp.go.id/index.php/mra/article/download/7331/6022

Problem Statement

Indonesia faces numerous challenges in sustainably managing its rich marine biodiversity and complex fisheries systems, preventing the country from fully realizing long term socio-economic benefits from its oceans and coastal zones. Insufficient and unsustainable management of marine and fisheries resources ultimately lead to marine biodiversity loss, fish stock depletion, habitat degradation, erosion of rural livelihoods, and significant economic loss. These management challenges are exacerbated by climate change impacts, rampant IUU fishing activities, and endemic corruption that hampers Indonesia’s efforts to govern these resources effectively10.

Indonesia's fish stock status is generally considered to be fully exploited or over-exploited for most economically-important species based on a GOI 2016 assessment11. The GOI identified IUU fishing as a major driving factor behind overfishing issues in Indonesia. The Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) estimated that the economic loss of IUU fishing globally is about $10-$23 billion annually12, but this number is lower than the estimated $80 billion annual loss from poor fisheries management13. IUU fishing is widespread across Indonesian waters and involves both foreign and domestic actors.

About 90% of Indonesia fishing fleet is dominated by small scale fishers14, defined as fishers with a vessel size less than 10 gross tonnes. The Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries (MMAF) estimated about 2 million people were involved in small scale fisheries in 2014. Small scale fisheries are largely unregulated and managed ineffectively. Though their contribution to Indonesia fish production is significant, reliable small scale fisheries data is not available, except for certain cases where markets require reporting and traceability. Generally, small scale fishers are less competitive to larger fishing fleets in regards to accessing fishing grounds, technologies, and markets. Small scale fisheries are also more vulnerable to climate change impacts, natural disasters, and market distortion. The low reporting compliance of medium- and large-scale fishing fleets, unreported small scale fisher’s catch, and limited availability of independent fisheries data contribute to the absence of reliable data for establishing appropriate sustainable fisheries management.

Endangered, Threatened, and Protected (ETP) marine species are often caught both incidentally and intentionally by fishing activities. Marine mammals, turtles, sharks and rays are among Indonesia’s ETP species with significant population declines due to illegal and unsustainable fishing. The growing global demand for marine ETP species in the grey and black markets not only places pressures on these species but also other unprotected species at risk of future population declines. Indonesia has limited capacity to research and identify ETP species, and an insufficient system to monitor and enforce ETP species protections across Indonesia’s vast archipelago. As such, most poaching activities freely operate in remote areas of Indonesia’s waters and border areas.

Market demand can play an important role in promoting sustainable fishing practices. The United States, the top importer of Indonesia’s seafood products15, instituted the Seafood Import

10 USAID. 2019. Indonesia Tropical Forest and Biodiversity Analysis (FAA 118/119) 11 Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries Decree Number 47 /2016 12 Farhan, AR et al. 2018 Calculation Model of Economic Losses due to Illegal Fishing Activities in Indonesian Territorial Waters.

13World Bank. 2017. The Sunken Billions Revisited: Progress and Challenges in Global Marine Fisheries 14 Republika. 2019. “KKP: 90 Persen Armada Perikanan RI Didominasi Kapal Kecil” 15 KKP Presentation. 2018. “Produktivitas Perikanan Indonesia”.

https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00W7RT.pdf http://jdih.kkp.go.id/peraturan/47-kepmen-kp-2016-ttg-estimasi-potensi...sdi.....pdf https://www.conservation-strategy.org/sites/default/files/field-file/MFP_Illegal_Fishing_English_Optimized.pdf https://www.conservation-strategy.org/sites/default/files/field-file/MFP_Illegal_Fishing_English_Optimized.pdf https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/24056/9781464809194.pdfies https://www.republika.co.id/berita/ekonomi/korporasi/ppfhwi383/kkp-90-persen-armada-perikanan-ri-didominasi-kapal-kecil https://kkp.go.id/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/KKP-Dirjen-PDSPKP-FMB-Kominfo-19-Januari-2018.pdf

Monitoring Program (SIMP) in 2018 to ensure target seafood imports are legally sourced.

Similar efforts have been implemented by Japan (recently signed into law) and the European Union (EU) as the world’s largest trader of fisheries products in value terms. The EU implements a carding system and requires countries that export to the EU to be accompanied by a catch certificate. However, currently only several species require sustainable seafood certification. Insufficient GOI regulations and the absence of incentives for fishing industry actors to engage in sustainable practices creates loopholes for unsustainable fishing practices.

Voluntary fisheries certification schemes are expanding toward the same objectives, such as Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) and Fair Trade USA. Fishing industry actors often see certification as adding costs along the supply chain, because certification is expensive and does not necessarily result in a better price or increased market share.

Men and women have varying roles in the marine and fisheries sector, including in supply chains. In general, men tend to be more engaged in fishing practices and women tend to be more engaged in fish processing and marketing. This arrangement results from the norms and perceptions that women are not suitable for fishing activities16. Even when women are involved in fisheries activities and contribute their income to their households, their contributions are often unrecognized and described as a “hidden statistic”17. Women’s roles in the fisheries sector are often not legally and socially recognized, and are often neglected. For example, to receive government support and labor protection, women fishers require a KUSUKA card, a government-issued card that recognizes their profession as a fisher. However, many women who work as fishers cannot register in the KUSUKA because their national identity cards identify their profession as “housewife”, instead of a fisher. Although the livelihoods of women working in the sector rely on effective fisheries management, they typically have little voice in the management decisions that will determine the future sustainability of the fisheries they process and trade.

Development Hypothesis (Theory of Change)

Following USAID’s best practices for biodiversity programming, USAID Indonesia applied Conservation standards to bring a systematic, evidence-based process to this design. Based on a review of the literature and stakeholder consultations, USAID developed a situation model (Attachment 1) that identifies the target marine ecosystems and species for this program, and captures direct threats and drivers to these biodiversity targets. This model also informs the Activity’s theory of change.

If Indonesia advances its protection of marine biodiversity and applies more responsible fishing practices as an integral part of sustainable economic development and if Indonesia reduces IUU fishing, overfishing, destructive fishing and other underlying drivers, then Indonesia’s marine ecosystems will be more resilient and sustainable, strengthening local livelihoods and the country’s economic growth, food security, and maritime security.

J.1.D Goal

The Activity seeks to advance Indonesia's self-reliance to protect marine biodiversity by improving sustainable and equitable management of fisheries.

J.1.E Objectives

16 USAID Oceans. 2018. Gender Analysis of Fisheries Sector: Bitung, Indonesia.

17 KKP. 2014. Pedoman Perencanaan dan Penganggaran Responsif Gender.

https://www.seafdec-oceanspartnership.org/resource/gender-analysis-of-the-fisheries-sector-bitung-indonesia/ http://jdih.kkp.go.id/peraturan/4-permen-kp-2014.pdf

To achieve the overall goal, USAID will focus on the following four main objectives.

1. Improved adoption of and compliance with evidence-based fisheries policies for priority fisheries;

2. Strengthened small-scale fisheries governance;

3. Increased government and market-based incentives for sustainable seafood products; and,

4. Improved protection of ETP marine species affected by fishing practices.

Expected Goal Targets:

USAID expects that the Activity will contribute to the following minimum results at the goal level:

1. At least five million hectares of biologically significant areas of priority fisheries under improved fisheries resource management as a result of USG assistance;

2. Improved fish stock health of target fisheries as a result of USG assistance; and,

3. Five thousand people with increased economic benefits from the improved fisheries management of priority fisheries as a result of USG assistance.

Objective 1: Improved adoption of and compliance with evidence-based fisheries policies for priority fisheries

a. Current Status

Indonesia’s fisheries governance is supported by a number of laws and regulations, including the newly enacted Omnibus Law. The GOI has developed draft derivative regulations to support the Omnibus Law implementation in the marine and fisheries sector. The implementation of regulations and policies varies across fishery and location and requires the GOI and fisheries actors to work together further advance the implementation and compliance to gain maximum benefits of sustainable marine and fisheries resources management.

According to the RPJMN and the MMAF five-year strategic plan, both foreign and domestic fishing fleets still use IUU fishing practices in Indonesian waters. In response, the GOI will strengthen fisheries governance through a Fisheries Management Area (Wilayah Pengelolaan Perikanan, WPP) approach. Through the WPP approach, the GOI will increase the efficiency of fishing activities, improve infrastructure and connectivities, and increase fishers’ access to capital and protection while maintaining fish stocks at a sustainable level.

Indonesia's marine and fisheries resources are vast and their management complex. As such, the Activity will focus on selected fisheries in targeted geographies in order to demonstrate positive benefits to biodiversity and human well-being in relevant WPPs. The selected fisheries may involve different fleets and should promote harmonization among different types of fishers including, small-, medium-, and large-scale vessels.

To advance Indonesia’s fisheries governance and improve benefits to biodiversity and human well-being, USAID Indonesia has identified opportunities in the following areas:

● Effective and accountable fisheries governance;

● Development and implementation of priority fisheries policies, regulations, and plans;

● Comprehensive capacity building and stakeholder engagement program, including research and policy formulation capacity; and,

● Effective marine and fisheries monitoring, surveillance, and enforcement at all levels.

b. Anticipated Outcomes

● Collaborative implementation of target fisheries management plans and/or harvest strategies, including monitoring, evaluation, and learning strengthened;

● Stakeholder’s compliance with fisheries policies, regulations, and plans increased;

● Integrated and effective marine and fisheries surveillance and enforcement with a special emphasis at provincial and community levels strengthened; and,

● Government and private sectors leaders are more accountable for delivering governance that fairly allocates fishery resources among sectors, achieves long-term sustainability, and adequately funds management and applied science.

c. Expected Results and Performance Standards (TBD) Note: This section will be replaced by the Performance Work Statement (PWS) from the winning proposal.

Objective 2: Strengthened Small-Scale Fisheries Governance

a. Current Status

More than 90% of Indonesia’s fishers work in small scale fisheries, which make a significant contribution toward national production. Government of Indonesia uses the term small-scale fisher (nelayan kecil), rather than small-scale fisheries (perikanan skala kecil) to describe this category, or scale, of its capture fisheries. Importantly however, most of these fisheries are unregulated, threatening the long-term sustainability of these resources, livelihoods in fishing communities, and food security for more than 260 million people.

The fishing grounds of most small scale fisheries are within 12 nautical miles of the coast and under the jurisdiction of provincial governments. Currently these areas are mostly open access and unregulated, although national laws prohibit some destructive fishing methods, such as poisons and explosives. There are some good examples of small scale fisheries management by Indigenous groups that have registered for customary ownership of their coastal area, securing their tenure and right to manage their resources. Additionally, in a few areas small scale fishers have organized to participate in specialized seafood certifications, such as the Fair Trade program, which affords them greater benefits from sustainable fishery exports. For the most part, however, small scale fishers are not organized, active collaborators in sustainable fisheries management and there are social, economic, and political factors that need to be addressed to support their more active leadership in management of the sector.

Additionally, important fisheries targeted by small scale fishers extend beyond the 12 nm zone (e.g., snapper, grouper, tuna, etc.). Effectively managing these stocks requires coordinated management between provincial and national governments, as well as a more intentional approach to managing the overlapping fishing grounds of small, medium, and large-scale vessels. Current approaches to managing these fisheries underestimates the harvesting effort of SSF and the importance of these fisheries to Indonesian fishing communities. One reason for this underestimation is that current catch data collection systems mostly do not include harvests by SSF. MMAF has rolled out several initiatives, including the e-logbook and the supply chain information and traceability system called “Stelina”, that currently target medium-and large-scale fisheries. In addition, several NGOs with support from development partners have supported MMAF small scale fisheries data collection and stock assessments that are now integrated into the MMAF research database. For example, small scale fisheries data of small pelagic, reef fish, anchovy, and flying fish collected by the USAID SEA activity and deep-water snapper and grouper data collected through the USAID SNAPPER activity are already included in the database.

USAID Indonesia has identified opportunities to strengthen SSF governance as follows:

● Policies, regulations, and plans that enable sustainable, collaborative management of the sector and address inequalities related to gender, Indigenous People, and marginalized groups

● Organization, extension, and supporting services for SSF that increases their voice, capacity, and support for sustainable fisheries management

● Data and awareness about the ecological, economic, and development contributions of SSF and their implications for government engagement and support to the sector.

b. Anticipated Outcomes

● Government policies, regulations, engagement, and investments better reflect the importance of sustainable small scale fisheries to Indonesia’s fisheries production and social development, and improve equality and sustainability within the sector.

● Small scale fishers, processors, and traders are better organized, empowered, supported, and engaged in collaborative management of sustainable fisheries, particularly Indigenous people, women, and other marginalized groups.

● Small scale fisheries catch data improved and integrated with the national data system;

and,

● Examples of effective collaborative management arrangements involving small scale fisheries are implemented and demonstrating measurable improvements in ecological and socio-economic outcomes.

c. Expected Results and Performance Standards (TBD)

Note: This section will be replaced by the PWS from the winning proposal.

Objective 3: Increased government and market-based incentives for sustainable seafood

a. Current Status

Under the RPJMN and the MMAF five-year strategic plan, the GOI aims to increase Indonesia’s competitiveness in the global market to meet growing international market standards for sustainable seafood, including increasing foreign and domestic investment, improving seafood quality, developing new and improving existing infrastructure, and strengthening logistics.

Seafood is one of the most traded products in the world. The Indonesia seafood trade is growing to supply both domestic and international markets. Markets are not currently optimized for sustainability and social equity, despite the markets’ strong demand influence on unsustainable fishing practices. Further, access to capital is limited and loans often come with high interest rates, while the lack of infrastructure raises the cost of doing business and increases the length and complexity of supply chains.

Supply chain actors are key to achieving GOI priorities to increase demand and establish government and market-based incentives for sustainable seafood both for international and domestic markets. USAID has identified opportunities to work on the following issues:

● Sustainable and profitable seafood supply chains;

● Commitment and capacity of regulators and supply chain actors;

● Government and market-based incentives; and,

● Supply chain resilience to the COVID-19 pandemic.

b. Anticipated Outcomes

● Government and market actors implement actions that effectively incentivize and scale increased sustainability in targeted fisheries and supply chains, including their adaptation and resilience with the COVID-19 pandemic impacts;

● Increased private sector investments in sustainable seafood;

● Industry associations (e.g., fishers, processors, traders, etc.) are more engaged and effective in advancing sustainability in target fisheries; and,

● Improved supply chains deliver improved economic, social, and ecological benefits to local fishing communities, further incentivizing support for sustainable fisheries management.

c. Expected Results and Performance Standards (TBD)

Note: This section will be replaced by the PWS from the winning proposal.

Objective 4: Improved protection of Endangered, Threatened and Protected (ETP) marine species affected by fishing practices

a. Current Status

ETP marine species are often threatened both incidentally and intentionally by fishing activities.

Local and international markets for ETP species, both legal and illicit, increase pressure on the sustainable future of ETP marine species. The GOI has undertaken efforts to reduce ETP bycatch from fishing activities but has limited capacity for research and species identification as well as an insufficient monitoring and enforcement system required to cover Indonesia’s diverse fisheries.

ETP policies and regulations should consider socio-economic impacts to communities when developing ETP quotas and management guidelines. The status of most ETP species is largely unknown, including the bycatch resulting from fishing activities. As such, understanding of ETP bycatch in target fisheries, including traditional knowledge and practices on ETP protection and incentives,is important to strengthen ETP bycatch policies and overall fisheries management.

To improve protection of ETP marine species, USAID Indonesia has identified opportunities in the following areas:

● ETP marine species regulations and policies;

● ETP marine species bycatch research, reporting, and compliance;

● Awareness and capacity building of ETP marine species.

b. Anticipated Outcomes

● Evidence-based ETP marine species bycatch regulations and policies strengthened and implemented;

● Direct fishing/poaching and bycatch of ETP marine species by fishing activities reduced;

and,

● Stakeholders’ compliance of ETP marine species policies and regulations increased.

c. Expected Results and Performance Standards (TBD)

Note: This section will be replaced by the PWS from the winning proposal.

J.1.F Outcome Indicators Achievement of the Activity's goal and outcomes will be measured at the minimum using the following indicators, consisting of mandatory standard and custom indicators, to demonstrate impact.

The mandatory standard indicators include:

EG.10.2 Biodiversity (associated sub indicators: coastal-marine, wildlife trafficking, and IUU fishing).

EG.10.2-2 Number of hectares of biologically significant areas under improved natural resource management as a result of USG assistance

EG.10.2-3 Number of people with improved economic benefits derived from sustainable natural resource management and/or biodiversity conservation as a result of USG assistance

EG.10.2-4 Number of people trained in sustainable natural resources management and/or biodiversity conservation as a result of USG assistance

EG.10.2-5 Number of laws, policies, or regulations that address biodiversity conservation and/or other environmental themes officially proposed, adopted or implemented as a result of USG assistance

EG.10.2-6 Number of people that apply improved conservation law enforcement practices, as a result of USG assistance

Some or all of the following standard indicators may also be selected, as appropriate:

DR.4 Civil Society (specific focus on women and indigenous people’s group) DR.4-1 Number of USG-supported activities designed to promote or strengthen the civic participation of women DR.4.2-2 Number of CSOs receiving USG Assistance engaged in advocacy interventions STIR 1 Science, Technology and Innovation / Research STIR-11 Number of innovations supported through USG assistance with demonstrated uptake by the public and/or private sector EG. 5 Private Sector Productivity EG 5.2-2 Number of private sector firms that have improved management practices or technologies as a result of USG assistance EG.3.2 Number of individuals participating in USG food security programs EG.3.2-24b Management practice or technology type: Wild-caught fisheries management EG.11 Climate Change - Adaptation EG.11-5 Number of people supported by the USG to adapt to the effects of climate change GDR Gender GDR 8 Number of persons trained with USG assistance to advance outcomes consistent with gender equality or female empowerment through their roles in public or private sector institutions or organizations

The full description of standard indicators can be found here: https://pages.usaid.gov/F/ppr

The Contractor must propose custom indicators necessary to adequately track progress and outcomes of interventions, with reference to and in support of standard indicators. The Contractor will monitor the outcome indicators, and their related disaggregates, to measure achievement of the four objectives through an Activity Monitoring, Evaluation and Learning (AMEL) plan (discussed in detail in Section F of this solicitation and highlighted in the following section, Guiding Principles).

All outcome indicators, standard and custom, must support: 1) USAID’s Indo-Pacific Vision (https://www.usaid.gov/indo-pacific-vision); 2) GOI’s relevant goals and objectives within the 2020-2024 National Mid-term Development Plan and the MMAF Renstra, the Sustainable Development Goals, and sectoral goals/objectives as relevant; and, 3) USAID/Indonesia CDCS’ Performance Management Plan.

https://pages.usaid.gov/F/ppr https://www.usaid.gov/indo-pacific-vision

J.1.G Guiding Principles

Offerors must fully consider and integrate the following guiding principles in the Technical Approach and PWS.

J.1.G.1. Geographic Site Selection

An initial geographic analysis of this Activity assessing two key factors for each province in Indonesia, biodiversity richness and fisheries-dependent livelihoods was conducted by the Mission, resulting in eight first tier provinces, seven second tier provinces, and two provinces with special consideration as shown in Figure 1. Two of the first-tier provinces overlap with the Mission’s CDCS priority provinces, namely South Sulawesi and East Nusa Tenggara, and two fall under the CDCS second priority for rural/environment: Maluku and West Papua. In addition to this, Riau Islands and North Maluku are categorized as provinces with special consideration due to high IUU fishing activities in the North Natuna and Sulawesi Seas and as new export hubs for Indonesia’s seafood with the establishment of integrated marine and fisheries centers in Natuna and Morotai. The Mission will consult with MMAF to finalize the site selection process.

Figure 1. USAID Initial Geographic Analysis

J.1.G.2. Biodiversity Code, Theory of Change, Situation Model, Results Chains

This Activity must meet the legislative requirements for the portion of its funding allocated for biodiversity conservation. As such, proposed interventions must align with the USAID Biodiversity Code (https://www.usaid.gov/biodiversity/policy). Using theories of change and results chains to design, implement and monitor interventions in an adaptive process is a foundational element of this Activity, and critical for measurably reducing threats to biodiversity.

USAID ADS 201 defines a theory of change as “the reasoning behind how and why a purpose or result is expected to be achieved in a particular context.” In USAID biodiversity programming, this definition is expanded to include a description of the logical causal relationships among a strategic approach and multiple levels of conditions or preliminary results needed to achieve a long-term result. A results chain is a graphic representation of a theory of change that displays the assumptions between what an Activity intends to do and the changes and results it hopes to accomplish to achieve its purpose.

During the first year annual work plan, and monitoring, evaluation and learning (MEL) plan development the Contractor must develop and present a theory of change and results chain for each objective (also may be referred to as a strategic approach) based on the situation model that identifies key drivers and threats to biodiversity objectives in Indonesia. The Contractor must describe how the theory of change will drive the Activity’s monitoring and evaluation methodology and be represented in the Activity MEL plan.

J.1.G.3. Private Sector Engagement

USAID seeks opportunities across all four objectives to leverage private sector investment and financing, and leadership to promote sustainable fisheries. Based on the USAID Indonesia private sector landscape assessment, private sector engagement should support community enterprises and establish incentive systems to ensure small holders (e.g., fishers, women, business actors) are empowered and rewarded for supporting sustainability. The GOI and private sector should effectively collaborate to strengthen sustainable fisheries policies and its implementation. The private sector has an important role in managing markets and complying with fisheries regulations in an industry driven enforcement.

J.1.G.4. Gender Equality and Inclusive Development

Gender is a social construct that refers to relations between and among the sexes, based on their relative roles. Under USAID ADS 201.3.9.3: “Gender issues are central to the achievement of strategic plans and Development Objectives (DO), and USAID strives to promote gender equality, in which both men and women have equal opportunity to benefit from and contribute to economic, social, cultural, and political development; enjoy socially valued resources and rewards; and realize their human rights.” Specifically, gender integration entails the identification and subsequent treatment of gender differences and inequalities during program/project design, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation. As part of the Activity’s interventions, the Contractor must assess and identify gender issues that affect the participation of men, women, and marginalized groups (indigenous people, youth, people with disability, the poorest and the most vulnerable) equally in the participation of this Activity.

USAID promotes a nondiscriminatory, inclusive, and integrated development approach that ensures that all people, including those who face discrimination and thus may have limited access to a country’s benefits, legal protections, or social participation are fully included and can actively participate in and benefit from development processes and activities. Consistent with this focus, USAID issued policy documents detailing our commitment to inclusive development, including, but not limited to, gender equality and female empowerment policy, youth in development, and nondiscrimination for beneficiaries policy. The Contractor must align interventions with these policies and be responsive to emerging policies related to inclusive development.

The Contractor must implement the following actions:

https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00WC1Z.pdf

● The Contractor must ensure that gender equality and social inclusion issues are analyzed, and interventions and activities within Annual Work Plans, MEL, and CLA activities are designed to maximize women’s empowerment and meaningful participation of marginalized populations in decision making. Along with the first-year work plan, the Contractor must submit a Gender Equality and Social Inclusion Analysis18 and Gender Equality and Social Inclusion Action Plan documenting how key gender and social inclusion gaps and needs will be addressed during Activity implementation.

● The Contractor must take gender equality and social inclusion into consideration in terms of how services are promoted, accessed, and provided so as to maximize meaningful participation by both male and female beneficiaries and marginalized groups.

Accordingly, the Contractor should consult with experts, solicit input from potential program beneficiaries and use available USAID and other publicly available resources.

● In the Monitoring Evaluation and Learning plan, the Contractor must develop gender-sensitive indicators that measure specific gender-related goals for its activity and consistently report to USAID on results related to gender equality and female empowerment, including through the use of gender-sensitive indicators and evaluations.

As per ADS 205.3.7, gender integration in Activity implementation requires all people-level data gathered to be sex-disagreggated. The Contractor must report on gender-related results in quarterly and annual reports. The Contractor must ensure that any observed unintended gender-related consequences of the Activity are documented in quarterly and annual reports;

where solutions exist for unintended gender-related consequences, the Contractor must identify and implement these solutions.

USAID Indonesia’s initial gender analysis for the new marine and fisheries program indicates there are gender gaps both in fisheries and Marine Protected Area (MPA) management. To address these gaps, the Contractor should include women and marginalized groups in fisheries management, explore ways to improve social and economic benefits to women, and develop incentives for their support toward conservation objectives. The Activity should also include equal access to information, capacity building, and market diversification, such as e-trading and other online platforms.

J.1.G.5 Science, Technology, and Innovation

Indonesia’s knowledge and innovation performance needs improvement, especially knowledge systems, level of international collaboration, use of evidence, and the utilization of technology in fisheries management and biodiversity conservation. In annual work plans, the Contractor must describe how they will use state-of-the-art science, technology, and innovation, employing cutting-edge best practices to achieve the Activity goal and objectives. The Contractor must use rigorous, scientific methodology to leverage and expand the evidence base regarding the complex political, economic, and social drivers of deforestation and biodiversity loss in geographic focus areas. The Contractor must conduct research to identify critical barriers to conservation of biodiversity and forest protection, and promote evidence-based, strategic initiatives to target audiences to address the drivers of deforestation and biodiversity loss in geographic focus areas.

J.1.G.6. Alignment and Collaboration

Alignment with the GOI

18 https://www.usaid.gov/GenderEqualityandWomensEmpowermentPolicy

This Activity is designed to support GOI’s priorities, in particular the 2020-2024 RPJMN and the MMAF five-year strategic plan. MMAF’s relevant strategic objectives (Sasaran Strategis, SS) are as follows:

● Sustainable marine and fisheries resources improved (SS3)

● Human resources capacity and competency advanced (SS4)

● Scientific research and innovation utilized (SS5)

● Responsible marine and fisheries governance improved (SS6)

● Integrated marine and fisheries monitoring and surveillance strengthened (SS8)

Collaboration

The Activity seeks to harmonize efforts with other marine and fisheries programs in Indonesia.

The Offeror must describe how proposed approaches and interventions will be harmonized among other USAID activities and implementing partners, the private sector, the GOI, development partners, NGOs, civil society, and others at the national, province and local levels.

USAID

USAID SNAPPER

● Period of Performance: July 2016 - July 2022

● Award Number: AID-497-A-16-00011

● Implementing Partner: The Nature Conservancy

● Description: to reduce threats to the deep water snappers, groupers, and emperors in

Indonesia's sea through enhancing sustainability, promoting effective collaboration between companies, communities, and government agencies, and utilizing good science and technology and evidence based decision making.

Blue Abadi Fund

● Period of Performance: April 2017 - December 2021

● Award Number: AID-497-G-17-00001

● Implementing Partner: Conservation International

● Description: to protect marine biodiversity in the Bird’s Head Seascape through improved co-management of 3.6 million hectares of MPAs and strengthened local community society organizations.

USAID Development Credit Authority (DCA) Meloy Fund

● Period of Performance: September 2017 – September 2029

● Award Number: 492-DCA-17-006

● Implementing Partner: Meloy Fund

● Description: This DCA loan guarantee aims to incentivize the rapid adoption of sustainable practices in Indonesia and the Philippines. The Meloy Fund plans to mobilize approximately $17.5 million in financing for sustainable marine and fisheries businesses over the next 12 years.

USAID Madani

● Period of Performance: March 2019 - February 2024

● Award Number: 72049719LA00001

● Implementing Partner: FHI 360

● Description: USAID Madani is designed to strengthen government accountability, including in the natural resources sector. This activity works to strengthen organizational capacity of civil society CSOs and the effectiveness and efficiency of their work; improve the legitimacy of CSOs in the eyes of local government and communities; and improve the enabling environment for civil society and mobilize local resources to bolster CSO’s sustainability.

USAID Madani implements activities in 32 districts in East Java, Central Java, West Java, Lampung, South Sulawesi, Gorontalo, Central Kalimantan, and West Nusa Tenggara provinces.

USAID SINAR

● Period of Performance: January 2021 – January 2026

● Award Number: 7200AA19D00029

● Implementing Partner: Tetra Tech ES

● Description: SINAR's objective is to advance Indonesia’s development goals in expanding reliable and equitable energy services necessary for sustainable development and inclusive economic growth.

USAID Sustainable Fish Asia (SUFIA) Local Capacity Development Activity

● Period of Performance: August 2020 – August 2022

● Award Number: AID-486-I-15-00001/Task Order No: 72048620F00001

● Implementing Partner: Research Triangle Institute International in concert with SEAFDEC

● Description: SUFIA aims to enhance the capabilities of the Coral Triangle Initiative on Coral

Reefs Fisheries and the Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center; and identify private sector investment in and adoption of sustainable fishing and fair labor practices in Southeast Asia and the Pacific.

USAID Fish Right

● Period of Performance: March 2018 – March 2023

● Award Number: 72049218CA00004

● Implementing Partner: University of Rhode Island Description: Fish Right seeks to address biodiversity threats, improve marine ecosystem governance, and increase fish biomass in selected marine key biodiversity areas in the Philippines. Using an ecosystem approach to fisheries management, Fish Right will promote the sustainable use of critical coastal and marine resources, enhance the resilience of these resources and build the capacities key actors on sustainable fisheries management.

Development Partners:

The below list is not exhaustive, captures new and ongoing efforts supported by leading development partners in Indonesia.

The World Bank Indonesia Sustainable Oceans Program (ISOP) is the umbrella mechanism for the Bank’s oceans programs. The Oceans for Prosperity Program or Lautan Sejahtera (LAUTRA) is the new anticipated project to improve socio-economic and environmental benefits of sustainable fisheries and healthy marine and coastal ecosystems. The pilot sites are in WPP 714, 715, 718 and the Savu Sea. LAUTRA will have a trust fund component, titled Problue, managed by Bappenas to support LAUTRA objectives. LAUTRA is a $166 million loan for five years 2021- 2026.

Asian Development Bank (ADB) ADB funded Coremap-Coral Triangle Initiative (CTI) aims to improve the management, sustainability, and resilience of marine protected areas in Indonesia. The project will strengthen the capacity of coastal communities and institutions to manage coral reef resources and associated ecosystems. It will also support sustainable marine-based livelihoods. Coremap-CTI has two mechanisms, through an $8 million grant and a $45.5 million loan.

Global Environment Facility (GEF) and Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) https://www.worldbank.org/en/programs/indonesia-sustainable-oceans-program https://www.adb.org/projects/46421-001/main#project-pds

The Enabling Transboundary Cooperation For Sustainable Management of the Indonesian Seas is a regional program involving Indonesia and Timor Leste. The project aims to facilitate the implementation of ecosystem approaches to fisheries and coastal management, to ensure the sustainable development of ecosystem resources in the Indonesian Seas Large Marine Ecosystem. The project is GEF funded with total funding of $29.3 million and working in WPP 712, 713, 714, 573 plus and the boundary areas with Timor Leste.

The GEF and United Nations Development Programme The Global Marine Commodities (GMC) project in Indonesia aims to benefit people whose livelihoods depend directly on the two target fisheries: tuna and…