Attachment.pdf

DRAFT STATEMENT OF OBJECTIVES

FOR THE

RECYCLE JORDAN ACTIVITY

I. PURPOSE

USAID seeks to increase commercial sector utilization of recycling services in Amman. The Recycle Jordan activity will work with private recycling firms, the commercial sector, the Ministry of Environment (MoENV), and the Greater Amman Municipality (GAM) to increase recycling through the following three objectives: (1) expand and improve private sector-led recycling services; (2) generate greater demand for and utilization of recycling services within the Amman commercial sector; and (3) increase local and national government support for solid waste management.

II. SCOPE

This Statement of Objectives (SOO) describes the objectives of USAID/Jordan’s five-year Recycle Jordan activity with a goal of increasing commercial sector utilization of recycling services in greater Amman. This SOO is provided in lieu of a U.S. Government statement of work and does not state how the work is to be accomplished, but instead provides potential contractors the flexibility and responsibility to propose cost-effective, innovative approaches to increase commercial sector utilization of recycling services while meeting the stated objectives.

A Performance Work Statement (PWS) must be submitted that describes the approach to accomplish the goals and objectives of the activity. The PWS must enable USAID to assess the performance of the work against specific, clear, and measurable performance standards (i.e., quality, quantity, timeliness, etc.), that must be proposed by the contractor, and show the method of assessing contractor performance against the performance standards.

III. PERIOD AND PLACE OF PERFORMANCE

The period of performance will be five years from the date of award. The place of performance is Jordan, with a specific focus on the greater Amman area, however activities may be performed at other locations as required due to the location of processing and recycling facilities.

IV. BACKGROUND

Municipal solid waste (MSW), more commonly known as trash or garbage, consists of everyday items produced in households, schools, and businesses that are collected by or on behalf of municipal authorities or by the private sector (business or private non-profit institutions) and disposed of through the waste management system; otherwise not referred to as harmful or hazardous wastes . Improper disposal of MSW remains a major environmental and economic 1 development issue not only in Jordan, but around the world. Failure to manage MSW can lead to unsanitary conditions with significant negative impacts on both public health and the

1 https://archive.epa.gov/epawaste/nonhaz/municipal/web/html/ environment. According to 2014 estimates, Jordan generates approximately 2.65 million tons of MSW per year and only recycles five to ten percent of this material. With a steadily growing 2 3 population and influx of refugees, waste generation continues to rise.

From an environmental point of view, efficient use of resources can lessen environmental burdens at the local level, such as urban air and water pollution, floods induced by solid waste clogging drainage canals, reduced availability and quality of freshwater supplies, and land degradation . These fundamental problems can lead to a decline in economic growth due to lost 4 worker time and negative impacts on commerce and tourism. Locally appropriate MSW recycling efforts are a critical component of modern MSW management systems, but remain inconsistently practiced in many countries, including Jordan. The most important environmental and economic benefits of recycling are to increase waste-to-energy resources and to reduce environmental pollution from the disposal of waste at landfills. Recycling reduces the volume of solid waste in landfills and produces beneficial materials; this represents an important business opportunity with a high potential for future development.

The solid waste management sector in Jordan is one of the most complex sectors due to the wide variety of solid waste types and compositions, as well as the various national, regional, and local entities that have oversight, but suffer from a lack of capacity or ability to enforce existing regulations. The Ministry of Municipal Affairs (MOMA) operates at the national level and, through its executive arms, the municipalities, at the local level. Though, in Amman, the Greater Amman Municipality (GAM) has oversight. Joint Services Councils have a mandate for waste management at the regional level. The MoENV is in charge of relevant planning, policy and legislative frameworks of the MSW management systems, as well as monitoring of the environmental performance of the official disposal practices.

Jordanian municipalities are fully responsible for solid waste management operations.

Regionalized delivery of municipal services is well-established in Jordan under authority of the legal framework governing municipal structure and operations. As a consequence, municipalities share waste transfer and disposal facilities. In some cases they also share waste collection systems, although more commonly individual municipal units operate their own waste collection systems. GAM does not operate under MOMA’s umbrella, instead it is an independent entity which also applies to MSW management. GAM is responsible for waste collection, transfer, and disposal within the Greater Amman Area, where it operates one transfer station and one sanitary landfill.

Recycling is currently very limited in Jordan and mostly undertaken by the informal sector, but there are some initiatives to formalize recycling at some landfills by introducing recycling facilities. Some private companies are working to further formalize this sector and expand provision of recycling services. While there are no formal recycling or separation activities included in the municipal waste management chain in Jordan, formal and informal recycling

2 Development of a National Strategy to Improve the Municipal Solid Waste Management Sector in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, Baseline Study on the Existing MSWM System in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan (1st Draft Report), 2014 3Your Guide to Waste Management in Jordan, Jordan Green Building Council, 2016 4 Shanghai Manual – A Guide for Sustainable Urban Development in the 21st Century does occur onsite at landfills. Many times these operations are not regulated and expose workers to hazardous conditions. Sorting of the different types of solid waste at the source of generation is not usually practiced in Jordan. Therefore, a considerable amount of recyclable materials are sent to final disposal sites, which could have been sorted and redirected earlier in the process.

Link to Mission Strategy and U.S. Government Priorities The Recycle Jordan activity directly supports USAID/Jordan’s Country Development Cooperation Strategy (CDCS) goal of “improved prosperity, accountability, and equality for a 5 stable democratic Jordan” by contributing to Intermediate Result 3.3 “Accountable, Sustainable Management of Water and Natural Resources Increased” of Development Objective 3 “Social Sector Quality Improved.” The activity also contributes to USAID’s Urban Policy: Sustainable Service Delivery in an Increasingly Urbanized World and USAID’s Gender Equality and Female Empowerment Policy.

Link to Government of Jordan and GAM Priorities The Government of Jordan’s National Agenda for Sustainable Development has specific target 6 areas for the solid waste sector. These include: (a) extending waste service coverage by providing financial, technical and human resource capacity-building to empower concerned authorities; (b) promoting environmentally-sound solid waste disposal and treatment; (c) minimizing the generation of solid waste; and (d) maximizing environmentally sound solid waste reuse and recycling. In 2014, MOMA issued the National Strategy to Improve the Municipal Solid Waste Management Sector in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan in which recycling 7 targets were set including: (1) establishment of separate collection systems for recyclables by the year 2034; (2) preparing for re-use and recycling of MSW materials to achieve 50% by weight by 2034; (3) recovery of packaging waste to achieve 25% by weight by 2034; and (4) recycling of packaging waste to achieve 15% by weight by 2034.

In 2014 GAM prepared a long term strategic plan entitled Improving Amman Municipal Solid Waste Management System. The plan reviewed MSW options and identified the most suitable solutions with regards to performance efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and affordability. It also took into consideration aspects such as legal, institutional, technical, operational, human resources, environmental, socio-economic and financial, with a special focus on private sector participation opportunities. The Recycle Jordan activity will directly support the Jordanian government and GAM in their solid waste management objectives.

V. PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES

Objective 1: Expand and improve private sector-led recycling services.

Outcome 1.1: Improved business performance and profitability for private sector companies in the recycling sector.

5https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/1883/Amended_Jordan_Country_Development_Strategy_November_2016_ 1.pdf 6 http://inform.gov.jo/Portals/0/Report%20PDFs/0.%20General/2006-2015%20National%20Agenda.pdf http://www.mot.gov.jo/EchoBusV3.0/SystemAssets/imagesAR/PDFsAR/NationalAgendaAR/NationalAgendaAR1.pdf 7 http://www.mma.gov.jo/images/BaselineReport.pdf http://inform.gov.jo/Portals/0/Report%20PDFs/0.%20General/2006-2015%20National%20Agenda.pdf

Private sector-led recycling services exist in greater Amman, but need to be improved and expanded to provide better overall service, attract more customers, and reduce the high volume of recyclable materials that currently end up in landfills. Offerors should identify existing companies currently providing recycling services and develop technical assistance plans that will lead to expanded service provision, improved business performance, and increased profitability.

This may include support in business planning, financial management, or other areas identified by the offeror and the businesses. Sustainability should be a key component of this outcome to ensure that the technical assistance provided by USAID is maintained by the private sector companies once the activity has ended.

Outcome 1.2: Recycling services expanded and successful models replicated.

As private sector companies improve their business capacity under Outcome 1.1, they will be better prepared to undertake new business opportunities, expand existing services, or add additional services, such as the recycling of more diverse materials. The offeror should consider economically viable and profitable ways to expand services. This could include new solutions that may not have previously been feasible due to economies of scale or lack of capacity and should complement the outcomes expected from Objective 2 (see below). The offeror is encouraged to consider innovative new models that expand private sector engagement in the recycling sector, increase profitability for companies, link non-traditional partners, and have a significant impact on improving Jordan’s recycling efforts. As part of this work, the offeror should conduct any analysis or studies required to inform their technical assistance to expand recycling services and/or scale up successful models. Successful models should be well documented and replicated and/or expanded as appropriate.

Objective 2: Generate greater demand for and utilization of recycling services within the Amman commercial sector.

Outcome 2.1: Awareness of recycling and recycling services among the commercial sector increased.

Since the current recycling services offered in Amman are unable to keep pace with waste generation in the commercial sector, commercial entities have been forced to seek alternative arrangements, including sending recyclable materials to landfills. With the strengthening and expansion of available recycling services under Objective 1, services previously unavailable to the commercial sector will be offered. By the end of outcome 2.1, the commercial sector will have a better understanding of these new recycling service options. The sector should have an improved appreciation for the benefits of recycling that advance beyond basic corporate social responsibility and are solidified in something like a waste management or recycling plan. The offeror may work across the commercial sector, but could choose to identify and focus on specific types of businesses that demonstrate the most potential for impact.

Outcome 2:2: Linkages between the commercial sector and recycling service providers strengthened

To ensure there is market demand for the expanded recycling services created under Objective 1, service providers need to be linked to the commercial sector in greater Amman. Links may include actions such as fostering a better understanding of recycling needs or limitations of current service provision, creating better dialogue between the service providers and the commercial sector, or developing business arrangements. The offeror should propose solutions that are sustainable for both the service providers, as well as the commercial sector, and support the objective of increased utilization of recycling services.

Objective 3: Increase local and national government support for solid waste management.

Outcome 3.1: MoENV capacity to enforce solid waste management regulations strengthened.

To complement Objectives 1 and 2, and meet Government of Jordan strategic priorities, Jordan must continue to strengthen and enforce relevant solid waste management regulation. The MoEnv is responsible for ensuring compliance with different waste management legislation, and this role will be further strengthened once the Law for the General Framework for Waste Management is ratified by Parliament. However, MoENV will need continued technical 8 assistance to implement the new framework and develop the necessary regulatory tools. The offeror should work with MoENV to determine the technical assistance necessary to advance and execute the new framework and strengthen the ministry’s solid waste management capabilities, with a specific focus on recycling and working with the private sector.

Outcome 3.2: GAM engagement with private sector and licensing process improved.

Oversight for solid waste management, including recycling, is delegated to GAM in the greater Amman region, which is reflected in the MSW strategic plan developed in 2014. GAM is also responsible for the issuance of operating licenses for private companies operating in the solid waste management sector, such as those the offeror will identify in Objective 1. The licensing process can be a barrier for private sector companies wishing to enter the recycling market.

Therefore, the offeror will review GAM's related strategies, plans, and capacities in order to identify and propose areas for improvement within the licensing process. Also, the offeror will work with GAM to develop a technical assistance program designed to increase the ease of doing business with the municipality.

VI. ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS

Coordination Other donors active in the SWM sector throughout Jordan include World Bank, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, German Development Bank (KfW), Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), Canadian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT), the French Development Agency (AFD), and the European Union. The offeror’s technical approach should address how to engage

8 The Law for the General Framework for Waste Management was drafted by the MoEnv in consultation with various parties in Jordan and is currently pending ratification from Parliament.

with these other entities to avoid the potential for duplication of effort and to leverage other activities.

Gender The offeror’s approach should consider gender disparities, priorities and norms within the context of the activity. Jordan continues to face challenging gender issues, including low rates of female participation in the labor market, persistent gender stereotypes about the role of females and males, and conservative norms that restrict the ability of females to make decisions about their lives. 9

Sustainability Sustainability is critical to ensuring the lasting impact of this activity. Sustainability for this activity may be dependent on a variety of factors including, but not limited to, private sector capacity, financial arrangements, or demand for recycling services. The offeror should, as part of their technical approach, fully integrate sustainability into interventions and propose solutions that will allow Recycle Jordan’s impact to last beyond the duration of the activity.

Disability USAID activities should ensure the inclusion and meaningful participation of people with disabilities. With this in mind, offerors’ technical approaches should propose solutions to best address this goal of inclusion and to make participation by people with disabilities a long-term, sustainable outcome.

9 USAID/Jordan: 2012 Gender Analysis and Assessment