FAALC Site Services UIS Tower Inspection Report Data (BGM).BGM

Site and Tower Information Contact Name / Phone number Jeffrey M Reimel 607-739-5521 Location / Site ID Binghamton, NY / AAJ GPS Coordinates 42.219250 -75.986840 Date(s) 11/20/15 – 11/21/15 JON 020751 / 020752 System MALSR Tower type Guyed bridge Weather conditions

Temperature: 38°F- 51°F Relative humidity: 48% Wind speed: 10 – 25 mph Skies: Clear to snow

Inspection team Blake Leon, Dustin Tinoco

Binghamton, NY/ AAJ

FAALC SITE SERVICES

UIS TOWER INSPECTION REPORT DATA

Federal Aviation Administration

Contents Site and Tower Information Overview Section 1: Structural Condition

1.1 Inspection Overview and Procedures

1.2.1 Tower and Facilities

1.2.2 Tower Structure Metal and Coating Thickness

1.2.3 Hanger Bar Gap and Alignment

Section 2: Grounding, Bonding, and Shielding

2.1 Inspection Overview and Procedures

2.2 Inspection Data

2.2.1 Site Grounding/Lightning Protection

2.2.2 Down conductor and other ground readings:

Section 3: Corrosion & Coating

3.1 Inspection Overview and Procedures

3.2 Inspection Data

3.2.1 Main Tower and Facilities

3.2.2 Grounding Components

3.2.3 Fasteners

Section 4: Guy System Condition

4.1 Inspection Overview and Procedures

4.2 Inspection Data

4.2.1 Guy System Condition

4.2.2 Guy System Corrosion

4.2.3 Guy Wire Tension and Tower Alignment

Section 5: Anchor Condition

5.1 Inspection Overview and Procedures

5.2 Inspection Data

5.2.1 Anchor Surface Conditions

5.2.2 Anchor Diameter/Dimension Table for Buried Anchors

Overview

This document provides inspection details for the Wilkes-Barre / Scranton AVP MALSR tower system. Five basic categories are covered in the tower inspection:

1. Structural Condition

2. Grounding, Bonding, and Shielding

3. Corrosion and Coating

4. Guy System Condition

5. Anchor Condition

All findings within these applicable categories are checked for standards compliance, and used to generate recommendations. If non-compliant issues are found, they are ranked according to their criticality as follows:

Priority 1: A critical issue that may affect personnel safety, cause a system outage, or damage equipment. These issues require immediate attention.

Priority 2: A non-critical issue that should be corrected as soon as possible, but is not an immediate concern.

Priority 3: A minor issue or an item that has been noted due to non-compliance with a current standard. These items may be compliant with previous standards.

Locations of non-compliant items are listed in the data tables.

∗ WARNING∗

• Due to safety limitations only employees/climbers trained in Fall Protection, Radome/High Angle Rescue shall be allowed to inspect or work above ground level.

• It is imperative that communications between on-site personnel and inspection team members remain open at all times.

∗ NOTICE∗

• Safety guidelines including pre-climb equipment inspection and rescue/ rappel planning will be followed at all times.

Rescue Plan Because of differences in tower systems a rescue plan including first man up contingencies for each individual inspection situation shall be discussed, agreed upon, and completely understood by each member of the inspection team at each site before any work above ground starts.

Rappel Plan Because of differences in tower systems a rappel plan for each individual inspection situation shall be discussed, agreed upon, and completely understood by each member of the inspection team at each site. Keeping in mind a minimum 5000-pound anchor point is mandatory for a safe rappel as outlined in Fall Protection training.

Section 1: Structural Condition

1.1 Inspection Overview and Procedures

The overall condition of the tower structural members, climbing facilities, fasteners, and other components are evaluated as outlined in this section. Visual and physical checks are performed to ensure that the tower and subsystems are structurally sound and functional.

Visual inspections are performed in section 1.2.1 to determine overall appearance, verify that all tower members and subsystem components are in place, and identify damaged, missing, or loose components.

Physical inspections are performed in section 1.2.2 to determine steel member thickness using an Elcometer 208DL Ultrasonic Thickness Gauge. All corners of the towers are checked at the ground level and at any location that appears questionable with a three-point check that covers the leg and the braces on either side of it Coating thickness is also checked at these points using an Elcometer 456 Coating Thickness Gauge. ASTM A-123A is referenced for coating thickness requirements.

Hanger bar clearances were measured with a standard steel tape measure and vertical alignment was checked with a Stablia digital level that has± 0.05 tolerance at 90°. Results are listed in section 1.2.3

Concrete foundations and anchoring hardware are visually checked for wear and damage, as detailed in section 1.2.4.

Concrete hardness tests are performed using Proceq Digi-Schmidt 2000 Digital Concrete Test Hammer. Two hardness measurements are taken per foundation corner – one set of four readings on the top of the foundation (vertical reading) and one set of four readings on the side (horizontal reading).

The tower plumb is checked using a Futura DT-10 Digital Theodolite using the procedure outlined in FAA Order 6930.25A. The results are provided in section 4.2.4.

Standards Referenced: FAA Order 6930.25A

Foundation Strength - Original Engineering Drawings / Contract Documents Steel Thickness - Original Engineering Drawings / Contract Documents Coating/Galvanized Thickness - ASTM A - 123/A

1.2 Inspection Data

1.2.1 Tower and Facilities

Tower members

Compliance

Location(s) Comments / Recommendations Yes No /

Priority N/A Damaged/Bent members X 1 2 3 Loose members X 1 2 3 Guy Wire Pull-Offs X 1 2 3 Antenna mounting pipes 1 2 3 X Welded connections (cracks, etc) X 1 2 3 Fasteners (nuts, bolts, screws, etc) Loose X 1 2 3 Missing X 1 2 3 Damaged X 1 2 3

Climbing / Access facilities Ladders X 1 2 3 Ladder Climbing Safety Device X 1 2 3 Bent, damaged or missing ladder members X 1 2 3 Handrail / Guardrail X 1 2 3 Lighting platforms X 1 2 3 Grating secure X 1 2 3 Grating fastening hardware (nuts, bolts, screws) secure X 1 2 3

1.2.2 Tower Structure Metal and Coating Thickness

Steel and Coating Thickness (see data table below)

Compliance

Location(s) Comments / Recommendations Yes No /

Priority N/A Steel Thickness X 1 2 3 No material loss Coating Thickness (Tower mast listed below)

1 2 3 Random sampling near base

6.22 mils average All near or above ASTM minimum (3.3 to

3.8 depending on steel thickness)

Coating Thickness (Bridge readings listed below) 1 2 3

Random sampling

6.05 mils average All near or above ASTM minimum (3.3 to

3.8 depending on steel thickness)

Tower Coating

Measurement Location Thickness (mils) Thickness (mils) Tower 1/L Tower Base 8.7 9.2 4.26 4.61 Tower 1/R 3.96 4.11 6.4 6.0 Tower 2 Tower Base 8.1 4.5 6.9 6.5 Tower 3 Tower Base 5.4 7.3 5.5 5.4 Tower 4/L Tower Base 4.11 4.14 6.1 8.2 Tower 4/R 6.5 6.9 3.74 4.9 Tower 5/L Tower Base 14.2 5.6 4.9 4.27 Tower 5/R 5.6 4.64 6.4 7.4 Tower 6 Tower Base 5.8 5.9 3.3 5.4 Tower 7 Tower Base 8.3 8.4 6.8 12 Tower 8 Tower Base 3.59 5.2 7.2 3.4 Tower 9 Tower Base 7.3 9.5 6.7 3.39 Tower 10 Tower Base 8.4 6.6 6.1 6.2 Bridge 1 Random Sampling 8.6 5.41 3.9 5.1 5.7 6.2 Bridge 2 7.22 5.9 4.6 6.32 7.1 7.2 Bridge 3 Random Sampling 4.0 6.21 8.2 5.4 6.8 6.0 Bridge 4 3.9 4.52 5.7 6.1 5.9 6.4 Bridge 5 Random Sampling 8.4 6.3 7.12 8.2 4.52 4.9 Bridge 6 6.9 4.51 5.9 6.0 3.91 5.6 Bridge 7 Random Sampling 8.0 5.21 7.2 7.9 6.51 5.5 Bridge 8 4.21 5.8 6.23 7.2 5.6 5.8 Bridge 9 Random Sampling 3.61 4.26 8.2 7.5 5.62 4.9 Bridge 10 5.3 6.4 7.4 7.6 8.1 4.8

1.2.3 Hanger Bar Gap and Alignment

1.2.4 Foundation Condition

Location's) Comments /

Recommendations

Ground Condition Yes No / Priority N/A Settlement, movement, or earth cracks around foundations X

1 2 3

Erosion around foundations X 1 2 3 Other foundation concerns (standing water, drainage, tree, etc.) X

Concrete Condition Foundation grout condition – cracking, chipping, or other concerns

Tower 1,4,5 Grout at all bent legs (right and left side) cracking with separation from minor to extensive.

Nuts and/or nut locking device X

Cracking, spalling, or splitting

Tower 1 left side leg Extensive spalling on three of four top edges / corners of tower (bent) left side foundation.

Cracking, spalling, or splitting 1 2 3 Tower 1 right side leg Minor cracking Chipped, broken, or honeycombing X 1 2 3 Low spots - collecting moisture X 1 2 3

Concrete Strength Readings Vertical Reading

(PSI)

Comments

Horizontal Reading

(PSI)

Exposed foundation @ Tower Base 1 (left side) 2314 3302 Exposed foundation @ Tower Base 1 (right side) 7437 4491 Exposed foundation @ Tower Base 2 4753 6696 Exposed foundation @ Tower Base 3 4687 6769 Exposed foundation @ Tower Base 4 (left side) 7513 6623 Exposed foundation @ Tower Base 4 (right side) 5220 8203 Exposed foundation @ Tower Base 5 (left side) 8994 7437 Exposed foundation @ Tower Base 5 (right side) 5980 6623 Exposed foundation @ Tower Base 6 5424 6263 Exposed foundation @ Tower Base 7 8596 6696 Exposed foundation @ Tower Base 8 5356 4361 Exposed foundation @ Tower Base 9 4233 4753 Exposed foundation @ Tower Base 10 4687 3063

Section 2: Grounding, Bonding, and Shielding

2.1 Inspection Overview and Procedures

The tower lightning arrest system, power grounding, and other component grounding are checked to ensure all hardware is properly installed and meets maximum resistance criteria. Grounding components are evaluated using the FAA-STD-019e standard as a basis.

Some installations may have been correctly installed using earlier versions of the standard, but have conflicts with version 019e. These discrepancies will be noted and are usually not an immediate concern.

The bus bars of the tower are inspected for proper installation of components. The number and placement of bus bars may vary from tower to tower; however, there are certain guidelines that must be followed when connecting ground lines. These are visual inspections, and the results are presented in section 2.2.1.

Section 2.2 presents both visual and physical inspection results for the lightning arrest system and other grounding systems. The installation of all grounding components is checked visually. Single point resistance measurements are taken using a Megger DET20C Ground Resistance Tester or equivalent device. The EES (Earth Electrode System), down conductors and other grounding components must be bonded and have point resistance values of 10 Ohms or less per FAA-STD-019e.

Standards Referenced: FAA-STD-019e (Grounding, bonding and shielding)

2.2 Inspection Data

2.2.1 Site Grounding/Lightning Protection

Grounding System Components

Location(s)

Comments / Recommendations Yes

No / Priority N/A

All grounding / lightning arrest equipment in place and secure 1 2 3 X No lightning arrest system in place

Tower base/legs grounded X 1 2 3 Non-insulated guy wires ground bridge properly taken to earth ground 1 2 3

All guy wires Guy wires are not grounded. Would need Earth Electrode System (EES) materials and guy wire to EES bridge installed to bring to FAA-STD- 19e compliance

Exothermic welds free from slag X 1 2 3 All exothermic welds and other bonding connections to steel cold galvanized X 1 2 3

No excessive bends on ground circuit X 1 2 3 Down conductor resistance values Results entered in table 2.2.2 1 2 3

See table for locations

Most tower bases over maximum allowable resistance. Will need additional Earth Electrode System (EES) materials installed to bring to compliance

Standards Referenced: FAA-STD-019e

2.2.2 Down conductor and other ground readings:

NOTE: 10 ohms is maximum allowable Location Reading (Ohms) Comments Tower 1 base (left side) 18 Over 10 ohm maximum allowable Tower 1 base (right side) 21 Over 10 ohm maximum allowable Tower 2 base 23 Over 10 ohm maximum allowable Tower 3 base 20 Over 10 ohm maximum allowable Tower 4 base (left side) 15 Over 10 ohm maximum allowable Tower 4 base (right side) 14 Over 10 ohm maximum allowable Tower 5 base (left side) 22 Over 10 ohm maximum allowable Tower 5 base (right side) 10 Tower 6 base 28 Over 10 ohm maximum allowable Tower 7 base 20 Over 10 ohm maximum allowable Tower 8 base 20 Over 10 ohm maximum allowable Tower 9 base 30 Over 10 ohm maximum allowable Tower 10 base 27 Over 10 ohm maximum allowable

Section 3: Corrosion & Coating

3.1 Inspection Overview and Procedures

Tower structural members, conduit, ladders, stairways, fasteners, and all other components must be checked for corrosion and proper protective coatings. The data collected in Section 1.2.2 provides a good indication of the coating condition for structural members.

The severity of rust/corrosion is reported in terms of degrees: 1st, 2nd or 3rd. These determinations are made visually and are based on the following criteria:

• 1st degree/CSF1 corrosion is a light, surface corrosion exhibiting a chalky discoloration of the substrate.

• 2nd degree/CSF2 corrosion is moderate with evidence of pitting and severe breakdown of the coating material.

• 3rd degree/CSF3 corrosion is severe corrosion causing flaking and deformity of the substrate with no evidence of protective coating.

The importance of a corrosion issue will be reported according to Priority 1, 2, or 3 (the same ranking system used in Sections 1 and 2):

Priority 1 corrosion issue will be given for 2nd - 3rd degree corrosion that may have an immediate impact on structural integrity, personnel safety, or equipment operation.

Priority 2 corrosion issue will be given for 2nd – 3rd degree corrosion that is widespread and does not pose an immediate concern, but should corrected when possible.

Priority 3 corrosion issue may be given for 1st –2nd degree corrosion that is widespread or affecting a group of components such as fasteners or braces.

Section 3.2.1 provides results for the main tower and facilities. Corrosion issues for grounding systems and fasteners are presented in sections 3.2.2 and 3.2.3.

Standards referenced: Corrosion amount - Visual

3.2 Inspection Data

3.2.1 Main Tower and Facilities

Main Tower and Facilities - Corrosion

Location(s) Comments / Recommendations Yes

Priority N/A Legs, braces, and other structural members X 1 2 3

Climbing facilities – stairways, ladders, guardrails, etc. X 1 2 3

Conduit / Cable tray 1 2 3 Throughout bridge system Cable trays have minor surface rust

Light fixtures X 1 2 3 Grating X 1 2 3 Gates 1 2 3 X Guy Wire pull-offs X 1 2 3 Junction Boxes X 1 2 3

3.2.2 Grounding Components

Grounding System Components

Priority N/A Lightning arrest system 1 2 3 X Bus Bars, including bolts, grounding lugs and crimped connections

1 2 3 X

Welds and other bonding connections X 1 2 3

3.2.3 Fasteners

Fasteners (nuts, bolts, clamps, and other connectors)

Priority N/A Main structure (legs, braces) fasteners 1 2 3 Throughout entire system Approximately 30% of system hardware is in late stages of CSF1 corrosion

Tower Base Anchor bolts, nuts X 1 2 3

Gate/Hatch hinges, latches 1 2 3 X Hatch fasteners 1 2 3 X Conduit fastening hardware X 1 2 3 Light fixture fasteners X 1 2 3 Climbing facilities– stairways, ladders, guardrails, etc.

fasteners

X 1 2 3

Grating fasteners X 1 2 3 Standards Referenced: Visual

Section 4: Guy System Condition

4.1 Inspection Overview and Procedures

The overall condition of the tower guying system is evaluated with visual and physical inspections from the pull-off location on the tower to the ground anchor to ensure all hardware is properly installed and in an acceptable condition to maintain safe operation of the tower system.

The visual and physical inspection conditions for steel and coating thickness, corrosion levels, and the grounding system are recorded as described in appropriate proceeding sections with the corresponding referenced standards.

Section 4.2.1 includes a table for recording the visual inspection data of the guy system components including thimbles, bend radius, turnbuckles, turnbuckle safety wire, wire rope.

Section 4.2.3 includes a table for recording physical findings for guy size, type, actual measured tension and current temperature using a guy wire gauge or electronic micrometer, and a PENN-TECH TM-1000 cable tension meter. Original engineering drawings and/or contract documents are referenced for guy wire type and initial tension.

4.2 Inspection Data

4.2.1 Guy System Condition

Compliance

Location(s) Comments /

Recommendations

Guy System Condition Yes No / Priority N/A Spelter socket X 1 2 3 Turnbuckles X 1 2 3 Figure Eight Safety Wire X 1 2 3 Wire Rope (broken strands) X 1 2 3 Insulators 1 2 3 X Guy ground bridge proper configuration 1 2 3 All guy locations Guys are not grounded Anchor condition X 1 2 3

4.2.2 Guy System Corrosion

Compliance

Location(s) Comments /

Recommendations

Guy System Condition Yes No / Priority N/A Spelter socket X 1 2 3

Turnbuckles

All turnbuckle locations Many turn buckles systems are exhibiting some minor surface corrosion and should be cleaned then sprayed with cold galvanizing compound

Turnbuckle clevis cotter pins

All turnbuckle locations Many cotter pins have little or no galvanization left to minor pitting and should be replaced

Figure Eight Safety Wire X 1 2 3 Wire Rope X 1 2 3

4.2.3 Guy Wire Tension and Tower Alignment

Mast No. Left Front Dia Left Rear Dia Right Front Dia Right Rear Dia Left Front Dia Right Front Dia Left Back Dia Right Back Dia 1 n/a n/a n/a n/a 11,800 / 38° 7/8" 14,400 / 38° 7/8" 9,900 / 38° 7/8" 10,900 / 38° 7/8"

CT 1 n/a n/a n/a n/a 11,470 14,070 9,570 10,570 DT n/a n/a n/a n/a 11,500 11,500 14,400 14,400

VAD 1

2 > 18,000 1" > 18,000 1" > 18,000 1" > 18,000 1" 10,120 / 51° 5/8" 10,540 / 51° 5/8" 8,600 / 40° 5/8" 11,400 / 43° 5/8"

CT 2 n/a n/a n/a n/a 9,985 10,405 8,600 11,400

DT 15,300 15,300 15,300 15,300 6,400 6,400 6,000 6,000

VAD 2

3 > 18,000 1" > 18,000 1" > 18,000 1" > 18,000 1" 9,380 / 46° 5/8" 9,720 / 46° 5/8" 8,580 / 53° 5/8" 9,460 / 53° 5/8"

CT 3 n/a n/a n/a n/a 9,170 9,510 8,475 9,355

DT 15,300 15,300 15,300 15,300 6,400 6,400 6,000 6,000

VAD 3

4 n/a n/a n/a n/a 14,400 / 39° 7/8" 12,800 / 39° 7/8" 14,000 / 50° 7/8" 14,500 / 50° 7/8"

CT 4 n/a n/a n/a n/a 14,085 12,485 13,850 14,350 DT n/a n/a n/a n/a 11,500 11,500 12,300 12,300

VAD 4

5 n/a n/a n/a n/a 14,700 / 39° 7/8" 14,500 / 39° 7/8" 11,500 / 46° 7/8" 12,000 / 46° 7/8"

CT 5 n/a n/a n/a n/a 14,385 14,185 11,290 11,790 DT n/a n/a n/a n/a 12,400 12,400 11,500 11,500

VAD 5

6 > 18,000 1" > 18,000 1" > 18,000 1" > 18,000 1" 10,700 / 43° 3/4" > 12,000 3/4" 10,100 / 39° 3/4" 11,700 / 39° 3/4"

CT 6 n/a n/a n/a n/a 10,385 n/a 9,785 11,385

DT 15,300 15,300 15,300 15,300 9,500 9,500 8,500 8,500

VAD 6

7 7,200 / 44 1" 7,900 / 44 1" 6,800 / 44 1" 8,500 / 44 1" > 12,000 3/4" > 12,000 3/4" > 12,000 3/4" 14,000 / 39° 3/4"

CT 7 6,960 7,660 6,560 8,260 n/a n/a n/a 13,685

DT 15,300 15,300 15,300 15,300 9,500 9,500 8,500 8,500

VAD 7

8 > 22,000 1-1/8" > 22,000 1-1/8" > 22,000 1-1/8" > 22,000 1-1/8" > 12,000 3/4" > 12,000 3/4" 10,300 / 43° 3/4" 9,500/ 43° 3/4"

CT 8 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 10,045 9,245

DT 19,500 19,500 19,500 19,500 9,300 9,300 8,500 8,500

VAD 8

9 > 22,000 1-1/8" > 22,000 1-1/8" > 22,000 1-1/8" > 22,000 1-1/8" > 12,000 3/4" > 12,000 3/4" > 12,000 3/4" 11,100 / 39° 3/4"

CT 9 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 10,785

DT 19,500 19,500 19,500 19,500 9,400 9,400 8,500 8,500

VAD 9

10 > 22,000 1-1/8" > 22,000 1-1/8" > 22,000 1-1/8" > 22,000 1-1/8" > 12,000 3/4" > 12,000 3/4" > 12,000 3/4" > 12,000 3/4"

CT 10 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a

DT 19,500 19,500 19,500 19,500 9,900 9,900 8,500 8,500

VAD 10

Legend Mast / Bent where Guy tension was taken. Data entered in cell: lbf of guy /Temperature (F) at time of reading by AML inspectors 11/20-21/2015 Corrected tension of guy as outlined in in order 6930.25A , Chap 5, Par 76(b) Pg 26. Data in cell: Corrected guy tension

(For AML inspection) (The corrective factor equals 15 pounds per degree Fahrenheit difference from 60° F, applied inversely with the temperature.)

DT Design Tension taken from DOT/FAA drawing number "AEA-D-33798" dated 01/05/95

Vertical Alignment Deviation in Inches. Data entered in cell: Vertical alignment and wind direction as recorded by AML inspectors 11/20-21/2015

37 of 80 Guy wires exceeded calibration limit of test equipment (46%)

Vertical Alignment Deviation = .86"

Vertical Alignment Deviation = 1.7"

Vertical Alignment Deviation = 1.23"

Vertical Alignment Deviation = 1.36"

Vertical Alignment Deviation = 1.82"

Wind direction NW 8-17 mph (Max Gust 22 mph)

Vertical Alignment Deviation = 3.23"

Vertical Alignment Deviation = 1.28"

Vertical Alignment Deviation = 2.82" Wind direction SSE 10-24 mph (Max Gust 36 mph)

Wind direction SSE 10-24 mph (Max Gust 36 mph)

Wind direction SSE 10-24 mph (Max Gust 36 mph)

# (1-10)

CT # (1-10)

VAD #(1-10)

Vertical Alignment Deviation = 2.71"

GUY TENSION / VERTICAL ALIGNMENT

Left Transverse guys Right Transverse guys Front Longitudinal Guys Back Longitudinal Guys

Wind direction SSE 10-24 mph (Max Gust 36 mph)

Wind direction SSE 10-24 mph (Max Gust 36 mph)

Wind direction NW 8-17 mph (Max Gust 22 mph)Vertical Alignment Deviation = .27"

Wind direction NW 8-17 mph (Max Gust 22 mph)

Wind direction NW 8-17 mph (Max Gust 22 mph)

Wind direction SSE 10-24 mph (Max Gust 36 mph)

Section 5: Anchor Condition

5.1 Inspection Overview and Procedures

The overall condition of the tower anchor system is evaluated with visual and physical inspections to ensure all hardware is properly installed and in an acceptable condition to maintain safe operation of the tower system.

The visual and physical inspection conditions for steel and coating thickness, above surface corrosion levels, exposed concrete anchorage hardness, and the grounding system are recorded as described in appropriate proceeding sections with the corresponding referenced standards.

Section 5.2.1 includes a table for recording the visual inspection data of the anchor system surface conditions and the surrounding area that may affect anchor condition.

Section 5.2.2 includes a table for recording physical findings for the buried anchor system conditions type and size using an electronic micrometer. Original engineering drawings and/or contract documents are referenced for anchor size.

5.2 Inspection Data

5.2.1 Anchor Surface Conditions

Anchor Surface Conditions

Location(s) Comments / Recommendations Yes No N/A Substations within 1500 ft of site X High voltage transmission lines/towers X Marked underground pipelines X Standing water at anchors X

Flood zone/ Creek bed or Riverbed X

Anchors 10R

Natural drainage ditch within 10’ of anchors. Washout is occurring. Rip-rap (4”-8”) should be installed.

Agricultural use (fertilization possible) X Ground clutter/ foliage

X

Predominately from anchors 6-10L, also at 10R

Large trees have grown around anchors / guy lanes, and in places are in contact with guy wires.

Foliage will need to be removed

Anchor heads 6” – 12” above ground elevation X

CORROSION SEVERITY FACTOR

CSF 1: Galvanizing in tact, no signs of rust, no cross sectional material loss. Anchors rated CSF 1 should be monitored in the future during regular tower inspections.

CSF 2: Galvanizing slightly to mostly gone, rust spots prevalent, minor pitting or flaking, no cross sectional material loss.

Additional corrosion control is highly recommended.

CSF 3: Galvanizing mostly to completely gone, heavily corroded, deep pitting, large areas of flaking, measurable cross sectional material loss. Anchors rated CSF 3 require additional corrosion control methods and may require remedial action to the shaft.

5.2.2 Anchor Diameter/Dimension Table for Buried Anchors

Anchor Identifier

Anchor Shape

Anchor Diameter/Dimensions

Cross Sectional Material Loss % at worst spot on anchor

Corrosion Severity Factor /Measured at Worst Case Anchor Segment

Above Grade

Tower 1 Longitudinal (back) Round 1-1/2” No material loss CSF1 / Very minor surface corrosion showing above tape

Towers 2,3 and 6-10 Transverse Round 1-7/8” No material loss

CSF1 / Very minor surface corrosion showing above tape

Tower 10 Longitudinal (front) Round 1-1/4” No material loss CSF1 / Very minor surface corrosion showing above tape

All other Longitudinal anchors Plate 6” x 12” x 1” No material loss

Worst case on any anchor plate is early stages of CSF2 corrosion with only minor surface corrosion

Note: Surface investigation will not indicate material loss below surface level

Recommendations

• Grout under Bent (Tower) legs 1, 4, 5 (right and left side) is cracking with separation from minor to extensive. All loose grout should be removed and reapplied. (See Pictures 1 and 2)

• There is extensive spalling on three of four top edges / corners of Bent 1 (Tower) left side leg foundation.

Removal of loose material and encasement of the foundation will be required to prevent further deterioration.

(See Pictures 3 and 4)

• Upgrades to grounding should be considered to bring resistance levels to 10 ohms or less on tower bases (See table 2.2.2 Down conductor and other ground readings)

• Guy wire grounding bridges should be considered

• Cable trays, tower hardware and any guy hardware showing corrosion should be cleaned and treated with zinc rich cold galvanization (See Pictures 5,6 and 7)

• Corroded turnbuckle cotter pins should be replaced (See Picture 8)

• Guy tensions should be adjusted to original design tension if engineering deems excessive tensions to be harmful to structure (See table 4.2.3 Guy Wire Tension and Tower Alignment)

• Rip-rap should be added at anchor 10R to prevent further washout (See Picture 9)

• Large trees in guy lanes six through ten should be removed far enough back to ensure no contact with guy wires or the possibility of a tree falling on guys (See Pictures 10,11 and 12)

Priority ratings for cross sectional material loss Priority 1: 17% or greater (safety Issue) (Immediate Action Required) Priority 2: 11% - 16% (Action required in near future) Priority 3: 1% - 10% (Action should be taken when possible)

Supporting Pictures

Picture 1 - Minor grout separation Picture 2 - extensive grout separation

Picture 3 - Extensive spalling on Bent 1 left side leg foundation Picture 4 - Extensive spalling on Bent 1 left side leg foundation

Picture 5 - Cable tray surface corrosion Picture 6 - Hardware surface corrosion

Picture 7 - Guy hardware surface corrosion Picture 8 - Turnbuckle cotter pin corrosion

Picture 9 – Washout encroaching on 10R anchors

Picture – 10 Foliage encroachment and contact with guy wires in guy lane six

Picture – 11 Foliage encroachment and contact with guy wires in guy lane seven

Picture – 12 Foliage encroachments in guy lane eight

Recommendations