09 - 2018 P100

F A C I L I T I E S S TA N D A R D S

FOR THE PUBLIC BUILDINGS SERVICE

JULY 2018

P100

Cover:

U.S. Federal Courthouse Los Angeles, CA

Figure 2:

U.S. Federal Courthouse Façade Detail Los Angeles, CA

TABLE OF CONTENTS 2

INTRODUCTION 9

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER 1 • GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 10

1.1 PURPOSE OF THE FACILITIES STANDARDS 11

1.2 APPLICATION OF THE P100 11

1.2.1 REPAIRS, RENOVATIONS, MODERNIZATION AND ALTERATIONS 11

1.2.2 LEASE CONSTRUCTION FACILITIES THAT THE GOVERNMENT INTENDS TO OWN OR HAS AN OPTION TO PURCHASE 12

1.2.3 TENANT IMPROVEMENTS 12

1.2.4 DEVIATIONS FROM P100 12

1.3 FEDERAL LAWS, REGULATIONS, AND STANDARDS 13

1.3.1 PUBLIC BUILDINGS AMENDMENTS OF 1988 13

1.3.2 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION 13

1.3.3 ENERGY AND SUSTAINABLE DESIGN 13

1.3.4 HISTORIC PRESERVATION 13

1.3.5 ACCESSIBILITY 14

1.3.6 THE ARCHITECTURAL BARRIERS ACT ACCESSIBILITY STANDARD (ABAAS) 14

1.3.7 ACCESSIBLE PUBLIC ENTRANCES 14

1.3.8 ACCESSIBILITY IN FEDERAL COURTHOUSES 14

1.3.9 OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH REGULATIONS 14

1.3.10 RANDOLPH-SHEPPARD ACT 14

1.3.11 BUY AMERICAN ACT 15

1.3.12 FACILITY DEFINITIONS 15

1.4 NATIONALLY RECOGNIZED CODES AND STANDARDS 15

1.4.1 CONFLICTS BETWEEN CODES OR STANDARDS AND GSA REQUIREMENTS 15

1.4.2 ICC INTERNATIONAL CODES 16

1.4.3 NFPA LIFE SAFETY CODE 16

1.4.4 NFPA NATIONAL ELECTRICAL CODE 16

1.4.5 NATIONAL STANDARDS 16

1.5 STATE AND LOCAL CODES 16

1.5.1 STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT CONSULTATION AND REVIEW 16

1.5.2 ZONING AND RELATED ISSUES 17

1.5.3 DESIGN REVIEW FOR CODE COMPLIANCE 17

1.5.4 CONSTRUCTION INSPECTIONS 17

1.6 PROGRAM-SPECIFIC GUIDES AND STANDARDS 17

1.6.1 FEDERAL COURTHOUSES 18

1.6.2 LAND PORTS OF ENTRY 18

1.6.3 CHILD CARE CENTERS 18

1.6.4 SECURITY 18

1.6.5 HISTORIC PRESERVATION 18

1.6.6 FIRST IMPRESSIONS 19

1.6.7 OTHER GUIDES AND STANDARDS 19

1.7 SUSTAINABILITY 19

1.7.1 LEED CERTIFICATION 20

1.7.2 SUSTAINABLE PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS 21

1.7.3 GUIDING PRINCIPLES FOR SUSTAINABLE FEDERAL BUILDINGS 22

1.8 ENERGY USE TARGETS 23

1.8.1 MAJOR RENOVATIONS 23

1.8.2 ENERGY USE INTENSITIES DESIGN MAXIMUMS 23

1.9 SAFETY AND HEALTH RISK REDUCTION 24

1.9.1 LOSS CATEGORIES 24

1.9.2 SPECIAL EXPOSURES 24

1.9.3 ORDER OF PRECEDENCE 25

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1.9.4 SPECIFIC HEALTH AND SAFETY REQUIREMENTS 25

1.10 METHODOLOGIES 26

1.10.1 SPACE MEASUREMENT AND BUILDING EFFICIENCY 26

1.10.2 WORKPLACE TOOLS AND PROCESSES 27

1.10.3 BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING (BIM) 28

1.10.4 TOTAL BUILDING COMMISSIONING 29

1.10.5 BUILDING OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE 29

1.10.6 LIFE-CYCLE COSTING 30

1.10.7 RESILIENCE—MANAGEMENT OF CLIMATE—RELATED AND EXTREME WEATHER RISKS 30

1.10.8 WILDLAND URBAN INTERFACE 31

1.10.9 INDOOR FIRING RANGES 31

1.10.10 SMART BUILDINGS 31

CHAPTER 2 • URBAN DEVELOPMENT AND LANDSCAPE DESIGN 32

2.1 URBAN PLANNING AND PUBLIC USE PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS 33

2.2 URBAN PLANNING 36

2.2.1 SUSTAINABLE LOCATIONS 36

2.2.2 COLLABORATIVE DESIGN PROCESS 36

2.2.3 DESIGN FOR PUBLIC USE 36

2.3 URBAN PLANNING AND DESIGN, AND SITE PRESCRIPTIVE REQUIREMENTS 37

2.3.1 PROCESS CRITERIA 37

2.3.2 DESIGN CRITERIA 37

2.4 LANDSCAPE PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS 41

2.5 LANDSCAPE PRESCRIPTIVE REQUIREMENTS 44

2.5.1 EXAMPLES OF FEDERAL DESIGN CRITERIA 44

2.5.2 MANAGING EXISTING SITE VEGETATION 44

2.5.3 SITE SOILS 45

2.5.4 PARKING FIELDS 45

2.5.5 POLLINATORS 46

2.5.6 SITES CERTIFICATION 49

CHAPTER 3 • ARCHITECTURE AND INTERIOR DESIGN 50

3.1 ENCLOSURE PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS 51

3.2 BUILDING ENCLOSURE PERFORMANCE ATTRIBUTES 56

3.2.1 NATURAL HAZARDS 56

3.2.2 SERVICEABILITY 58

3.2.3 WATER PENETRATION RESISTANCE 58

3.2.4 MOISTURE AND CONDENSATE CONTROL 59

3.2.5 AIR TIGHTNESS 59

3.2.6 THERMAL PERFORMANCE 60

3.2.7 BUILDING ENCLOSURE COMMISSIONING 60

3.2.8 ACOUSTIC CONTROL 60

3.2.9 ENCLOSURE SERVICE LIFE 60

3.3 PRESCRIPTIVE ENCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS 60

3.3.1 MOISTURE CONTROL 60

3.3.2 BELOW GRADE SYSTEMS 60

3.3.3 SUBSTRUCTURE 61

3.3.4 WALL SYSTEMS 61

3.3.5 MASONRY AND CONCRETE MATERIALS 63

3.3.6 FENESTRATION SYSTEMS 63

3.3.7 ROOF SYSTEMS 64

3.3.8 QUALITY ASSURANCE 66

3.3.9 SUN CONTROL DEVICES 66

3.3.10 WINDOW CLEANING 66

3.3.11 PROVIDING ACCESS TO MAINTAIN EQUIPMENT IN ATRIUMS 67

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3.3.12 SUSPENDED ACCESS TO ELEVATED LOCATIONS 67

3.4 INTERIOR PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS 71

3.5 INTERIOR CONSTRUCTION AND INTERIOR FINISHES PERFORMANCE ATTRIBUTES 94

3.5.1 CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTS AND MATERIALS 94

3.5.2 INTERIOR FINISHES AND MATERIALS 97

3.5.3 ACOUSTICS 99

3.5.4 FIRE PERFORMANCE AND SMOKE DEVELOPMENT 102

3.6 GENERAL ARCHITECTURE 103

3.6.1 CORNERSTONE 103

3.6.2 REGISTRY OF DESIGNERS AND BUILDERS 103

3.6.3 PROMOTE THE USE OF STAIRS 103

3.6.4 VERTICAL TRANSPORTATION 104

3.6.5 FAMILY RESTROOMS 106

3.6.6 LACTATION ROOMS 106

3.6.7 BIRD-SAFE BUILDING DESIGN 107

3.7 WORKPLACE PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS 108

3.8 WORKPLACE PERFORMANCE ATTRIBUTES 114

3.8.1 PLANNING AND DESIGN STRATEGIES 114

3.8.2 SPACE EFFICIENCY 114

3.8.3 TECHNOLOGY 115

3.8.4 HEALTH AND COMFORT: ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROLS 115

3.8.5 HEALTH AND COMFORT: ERGONOMICS 115

3.8.7 IMAGE 116

CHAPTER 4 • STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING 117

4.1 STRUCTURAL PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS 118

4.2 STRUCTURAL PERFORMANCE ATTRIBUTES 119

4.2.1 LIVE LOAD 119

4.2.2 NATURAL HAZARD 119

4.3 PRESCRIPTIVE STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS 120

4.3.1 INNOVATIVE MATERIALS AND METHODS 120

4.3.2 IBC FOR STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF NEW BUILDINGS 120

4.3.3 ISC SECURITY STANDARDS 120

4.3.4 DESIGN METHODS 120

4.3.5 STRUCTURAL LOADS 120

4.3.6 STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS AND ELEMENTS 121

4.3.7 ALTERATIONS IN EXISTING BUILDINGS AND HISTORIC STRUCTURES 121

4.3.8 SEISMIC UPGRADING 121

4.3.9 SEISMIC INSTRUMENTATION 121

4.4 PHYSICAL SECURITY PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS 122

4.5 PHYSICAL SECURITY PERFORMANCE ATTRIBUTES 123

CHAPTER 5 • MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 124

5.1 MECHANICAL PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS 125

5.2 MECHANICAL PERFORMANCE ATTRIBUTES 129

5.2.1 TEMPERATURE 129

5.2.2 HUMIDITY CONTROL 129

5.2.3 AIR MOVEMENT 129

5.2.4 PRESSURE 129

5.2.5 VENTILATION 130

5.2.6 FILTRATION 130

5.2.7 HVAC NOISE CONTROL 130

5.2.8 HVAC OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY 130

5.2.9 ENERGY PERFORMANCE 130

5.3 MECHANICAL ENGINEERING PRESCRIPTIVE REQUIREMENTS 131

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5.3.1 DESIGN CRITERIA 131

5.3.2 HVAC SYSTEMS 133

5.3.3 HVAC COMPONENTS 138

5.3.4 AIR DISTRIBUTION 141

5.3.5 WATER TREATMENT 142

5.3.6 PLUMBING FIXTURES 143

5.3.7 OPERABILITY AND MAINTAINABILITY 145

5.3.8 ALTERATIONS IN EXISTING BUILDINGS AND HISTORIC STRUCTURES 146

5.4 WHOLE BUILDING ENERGY PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS 148

5.5 WHOLE BUILDING PERFORMANCE ATTRIBUTES 150

5.5.1 ENERGY PERFORMANCE 150

CHAPTER 6 • ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING 151

6.1 LIGHTING PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS 152

6.2 LIGHTING PERFORMANCE ATTRIBUTES 156

6.2.1 LIGHTING QUALITY 156

6.2.2 LIGHTING QUANTITY 157

6.2.3 ENERGY USE 159

6.2.4 POWER QUALITY 159

6.2.5 MAINTENANCE 160

6.2.6 SERVICE LIFE 160

6.3 LIGHTING PRESCRIPTIVE REQUIREMENTS 160

6.3.1 INDOOR LIGHTING AND DAYLIGHTING CRITERIA 160

6.3.2 LOAD CRITERIA 162

6.3.3 SECURITY LIGHTING, EXIT SIGNS, AND EMERGENCY LIGHTING 163

6.3.4 SPECIFIC LIGHTING REQUIREMENTS 164

6.4 ELECTRICAL PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENT 165

6.5 PRESCRIPTIVE ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING REQUIREMENTS 170

6.5.1 GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 170

6.5.2 CODES, STANDARDS, AND GUIDELINES 171

6.5.3 UTILITY COORDINATION 175

6.5.4 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM ALTERNATIVES 178

6.5.5 SPACE CONDITIONS 180

6.5.6 SECONDARY BRANCH POWER DISTRIBUTION 182

6.5.7 BRANCH WIRING DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS 184

6.5.8 VOICE AND DATA DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM 189

6.5.9 EMERGENCY AND STANDBY POWER SYSTEMS 190

6.5.10 CLEAN POWER SYSTEMS 193

6.5.11 GROUNDING SYSTEMS 195

6.5.12 SAFETY SYSTEMS, EQUIPMENT, AND PERSONAL PROTECTION 196

6.5.13 ALTERATIONS IN EXISTING BUILDINGS AND HISTORIC STRUCTURES 197

6.5.14 SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS 198

6.5.15 QUALITY ASSURANCE OF ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT 200

CHAPTER 7 • FIRE PROTECTION 202

7.1 GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 203

7.1.1 SCOPE 203

7.1.2 APPLICABILITY 203

7.1.3 RESPONSIBILITIES 203

7.2 REFERENCES 204

7.3 FIRE SAFETY DURING NEW CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS AND RENOVATION PROJECTS 204

7.3.1 FIRE SAFETY DURING NEW CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS 204

7.3.2 FIRE SAFETY DURING RENOVATION PROJECTS 204

7.3.3 FIRE SAFETY DURING DEMOLITION PROJECTS 205

7.3.4 EXISTING FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS 205

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7.4 MEANS OF EGRESS 205

7.4.1 SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS 205

7.4.2 EVACUATION ROUTE SIGNAGE 205

7.4.3 EXIT STAIR PATH MARKINGS 206

7.4.4 EXIT STAIRWAY IDENTIFICATION SIGNAGE 206

7.5 INTERIOR FINISHES 206

7.6 FIRE ALARM AND EMERGENCY COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS 206

7.6.1 MANUAL FIRE ALARM BOXES 208

7.6.2 WATERFLOW SWITCHES 208

7.6.3 SMOKE DETECTORS 208

7.6.4 AUDIBLE NOTIFICATION APPLIANCES 209

7.6.5 VISIBLE NOTIFICATION APPLIANCES 209

7.6.6 OCCUPANT NOTIFICATION 210

7.6.7 FIRE ALARM NOTIFICATION STRATEGIES FOR HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS 210

7.6.8 SURVIVABILITY FOR FIRE ALARM AND EMERGENCY COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS 210

7.6.9 FIRE COMMAND CENTER 211

7.6.10 ANNUNCIATOR 211

7.7 WATER SUPPLY FOR FIRE PROTECTION 211

7.7.1 FIRE PUMPS 212

7.7.2 PRESSURE MAINTENANCE PUMP (JOCKEY PUMP) 212

7.7.3 FIRE HYDRANTS 212

7.7.4 POST INDICATOR VALVE 212

7.8 AUTOMATIC SPRINKLER AND STANDPIPE SYSTEMS 212

7.8.1 TYPES OF SPRINKLERS 214

7.8.2 SPRINKLER PIPING 214

7.8.3 AUTOMATIC SPRINKLER SYSTEMS FOR REMOTE OR ISOLATED FACILITIES 214

7.8.4 FIRE DEPARTMENT CONNECTIONS 215

7.8.5 STANDPIPES 215

7.8.6 FIRE DEPARTMENT HOSE OUTLETS 215

7.9 NON-WATER-BASED FIRE EXTINGUISHING SYSTEMS 216

7.9.1 WET CHEMICAL EXTINGUISHING SYSTEMS 216

7.9.2 DRY CHEMICAL EXTINGUISHING SYSTEMS 216

7.9.3 CLEAN AGENT EXTINGUISHING SYSTEMS 216

7.9.4 CARBON DIOXIDE FIRE EXTINGUISHING SYSTEMS 216

7.9.5 PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS 216

7.10 ELEVATOR SYSTEMS 216

7.10.1 FIRE SERVICE ACCESS ELEVATORS 217

7.10.2 OCCUPANT EVACUATION ELEVATORS 217

7.11 SPECIAL FIRE PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS 217

7.11.1 AIR DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS 217

7.11.2 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY EQUIPMENT ROOMS 218

7.11.3 PLACES OF CONFINEMENT (HOLDING AREAS) 218

7.11.4 ATRIUMS 219

7.11.5 COOLING TOWERS 219

7.11.6 RESIDENTIAL DWELLING UNITS 219

7.11.7 CHEMICAL LABORATORIES 220

7.11.8 RECORD STORAGE FACILITIES 220

7.11.9 FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUID STORAGE ARRANGEMENTS 220

7.11.10 COMPACT STORAGE MODULES 220

7.12 REQUIRED DESIGN GUIDES AND MANUALS 221

7.12.1 U.S. COURT FACILITIES 221

7.12.2 U.S. MARSHALS SERVICE SPACE 221

7.12.3 LAND PORT OF ENTRY FACILITIES 221

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7.12.4 GSA CHILD CARE CENTERS 221

7.13 HISTORIC STRUCTURES 221

7.13.1 RESPONSIBILITY 221

7.13.2 IMPACT ON HISTORIC FABRIC 221

7.13.3 FIRE PROTECTION ALTERNATIVES FOR CONSIDERATION 221

7.14 MASS NOTIFICATION SYSTEMS 222

7.15 PERFORMANCE-BASED DESIGN 223

7.16 COMMISSIONING FIRE PROTECTION AND LIFE SAFETY SYSTEMS 224

7.17 INTEGRATED FIRE PROTECTION AND LIFE SAFETY SYSTEM TESTING 224

CHAPTER 8 DESIGN STANDARDS FOR U.S. COURT FACILITIES 225

8.1 GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 226

8.2 DESIGN GUIDANCE 226

8.2.1 U.S. COURTS DESIGN GUIDE 226

8.2.2 U.S. MARSHALS SERVICE CRITERIA 226

8.3 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 227

8.3.1 PLANNING FOR FUTURE REQUIREMENTS 227

8.3.2 PLANNING FOR ACCESSIBILITY 227

8.3.3 INFRASTRUCTURE 228

8.3.4 ACOUSTIC PLANNING REQUIREMENTS 228

8.3.5 ARCHITECTURAL AND INTERIOR DESIGN 229

8.3.6 BUILDING ENCLOSURE SYSTEMS 230

8.3.7 FLOOR SYSTEMS 230

8.3.8 INTERIOR WALL SYSTEMS 230

8.3.9 CEILING SYSTEMS 230

8.3.10 OFFICE AND CONFERENCE SPACES 231

8.3.11 COURTROOMS 231

8.3.12 PUBLIC SPACES 231

8.3.13 DETAINEE AREAS 231

8.3.14 FIXED AND MOVABLE FURNITURE 231

8.3.15 SIGNAGE AND GRAPHICS 233

8.3.16 IDENTIFICATION AND INFORMATION SIGNAGE 233

8.3.17 DIRECTIONAL SIGNAGE 233

8.3.18 REGULATORY/SECURITY SIGNAGE 233

8.4 STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS 234

8.4.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 234

8.5 MECHANICAL SYSTEMS 234

8.5.1 SYSTEM SELECTION AND DESIGN 234

8.6 FIRE PROTECTION AND SECURITY SYSTEMS 237

8.7 ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS 237

8.7.1 SPARE CAPACITY 238

8.7.2 NUMBER OF OUTLETS 238

8.7.3 GROUNDING 242

8.7.4 ISOLATED GROUND CIRCUITS 242

8.7.5 BELOW-FLOOR ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION 243

8.7.6 EMERGENCY AND UPS POWER SYSTEMS 243

8.7.7 SERVICE AND DISTRIBUTION 243

8.7.8 EXTERIOR CONNECTION 243

8.7.9 COORDINATION WITH TELECOMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM DESIGN 243

8.7.10 LIGHTING SYSTEMS 244

8.7.11 AUDIOVISUAL REQUIREMENTS IN U.S. COURT FACILITIES 244

8.8 SECURITY DESIGN: AGENCY RESPONSIBILITIES 244

8.8.1 BATTERY BACKUP 245

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APPENDIX 246

A.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 247

DRAWINGS 247

BUILDING INFORMATION MODEL 248

SPECIFICATIONS 249

TURNOVER DOCUMENTS 249

BUILDING HANDOVER TO OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE 250

DESIGN NARRATIVES AND CALCULATIONS 251

INTEGRATED DESIGN REVIEW 251

ENERGY ANALYSIS 251

COST AND SCHEDULE MANAGEMENT REQUIREMENTS 251

A.2 PERFORMANCE MATRIX 251

A.3 NEW CONSTRUCTION AND MODERNIZATION 254

PEER REVIEW 254

DESIGN PROCESS DEFINITIONS 255

SITE ANALYSIS AND PRELIMINARY CONCEPTS 257

FINAL CONCEPT 260

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT 265

CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTS 275

A.4 ALTERATION PROJECTS 283

DESIGN PROCESS DEFINITIONS 285

CONCEPT 286

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT 289

CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTS 295

A.5 SURVEYS AND GEOTECHNICAL REPORTS 300

SITE SURVEY 300

GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION AND ENGINEERING REPORT 301

GEOLOGIC HAZARD REPORT 303

A.6 GSA STORMWATER MANAGEMENT SUBMISSION 305

A.7 ENERGY ANALYSIS INPUT AND OUTPUT 305

PROCEDURES 305

CONCEPTUAL DESIGN 305

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT 305

CONSTRUCTIONDOCUMENTS 306

B.1 REFERENCES 307

LIST OF REFERENCE PUBLICATIONS AND WEBSITES 307

CHAPTER 1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 307

CHAPTER 2 SITE ENGINEERING AND LANDSCAPING 310

CHAPTER 3 ARCHITECTURE AND INTERIOR DESIGN 310

CHAPTER 4 STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING 312

CHAPTER 5 MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 312

CHAPTER 6 ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING 313

CHAPTER 7 FIRE PROTECTION 315

B.2 ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS 317

C.1 SUMMARY OF CHANGES FOR P100 2018 VERSION 320

IMAGE CREDITS 325

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About the P100

The Facilities Standards for the Public Buildings Service establishes design standards and criteria for new buildings, repairs and alterations, modernizations, and lease construction facilities that the Government intends to own or has an option to purchase, as well as work in historic structures for the Public Buildings Service (PBS) of the U.S. General Services Administration (GSA). This document contains both performance-based standards and prescriptive requirements to be used in the programming, design, and documentation of GSA buildings.

INTRODUCTION

Through its Public Buildings Service (PBS), the U.S. General Services Administration (GSA) designs, constructs, and operates Federal civilian buildings. PBS provides workspace to 1.1 million Federal employees, primarily with courthouses, land ports of entry, and Federal office buildings. It ranks among the largest holders of real estate in the United States.

The PBS-P100, "Facilities Standards for the Public Buildings Service," is GSA's mandatory facilities standard. It applies to design and construction of new Federal facilities, major repairs and alterations of existing buildings, and lease construction facilities that the Government intends to own or has an option to purchase. P100 users span the entire spectrum of building professional disciplines, and the P100 informs and regulates decisions made throughout a project's life.

This edition of the P100 updates the document's substantial transformation from a prescriptive standard to one that contains both performance-based and prescriptive requirements. A large portion of the standard specifies levels of performance, allowing a design team and GSA's other professional partners to identify and implement the best strategies to meet those goals.

Four levels of performance are defined throughout the P100 in matrices. It is the project manager’s responsibility to use the new P100 Performance Matrix to document the “baseline” performance for their project. Different building types may have a higher starting threshold, and the Matrix attempts to identify these cases, but the guides listed in section 1.6 provide the final requirements. Each project may implement any combination of performance levels, in order to prioritize performance opportunities that stem from climate, site, program, mandates, and other conditions. Performance goals must be validated at various phases of design with Design Excellence and through construction with total building commissioning.

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1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

Figure 3:

Eisenhower Executive Office Building Washington, DC

CHAPTER 1 – GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

The design team must review compliance with the building program at each stage of the project, as required in Appendix A, to ensure that the requirements of the program, the P100, and relevant codes and standards have been met and to guard against unplanned expansion of the program because of design and engineering choices.

All prospectus-level projects are required to follow the Design Excellence Policies and Procedures found on the PBS/Design and Construction webpage at www.gsa.gov/designexcellence.

1.1 PURPOSE OF THE FACILITIES

STANDARDS

The Facilities Standards for the Public Buildings Service PBS-P100 (known as the P100) establishes design standards and criteria for new buildings, repairs, renovations, modernizations and alterations for the Public Buildings Service (PBS) of the General Services Administration (GSA). This document contains policy and technical criteria to be used in the programming, design, construction, measurement and verification, and documentation of GSA facilities.

The P100 is a mandatory standard. It is not a guideline, textbook, handbook, training manual, nor substitute for technical competence. The P100 represents the current state of practice in designing facilities to meet GSA’s commitments, maximize the efficiency of business processes, and comply with the requirements of law.

The P100 must be used in conjunction with the governing standards referenced in this document, as well as the building program for each project. If conflicts exist between the facilities standards and a specific program and project requirements, contact the PBS Office of Design and Construction for resolution.

1.2 APPLICATION OF THE P100

The P100 applies regardless of the funding source. Thus, the P100 applies equally to projects funded through BA51, BA54, and BA55, as well as customer-funded projects through a Reimbursable Work Authorization (BA80) and privately financed projects such as an Energy Savings Performance Contract. This document also applies to lease construction facilities where GSA's formal Request for Lease Proposal (RLP) has an option for GSA to purchase the building at a future date. The requirements of the P100 will be included in the RLP on a case-by-case basis, in consultation with the Chief Architect. Exclusion of the P100 from lease construction facilities where GSA's formal RLP has an option for GSA to purchase the building requires Chief Architect written approval.

1.2.1 REPAIRS, RENOVATIONS,

MODERNIZATION AND ALTERATIONS

Repairs, renovations, modernizations, and alterations are improvements made to existing facilities. Generally, building systems need only be upgraded to correct deficiencies identified by GSA, unless the entire building is being renovated. All new work is required to meet the applicable national codes and standards adopted by GSA. If a major portion of the building is being renovated, the specific codes must be evaluated to determine if the entire building must be brought into compliance with the code. Any questions or concerns must be discussed with the GSA project manager.

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http://www.gsa.gov/designexcellence

The requirements of the P100 apply to repairs, renovations, modernizations, and alterations to the extent the work is identified in the approved and funded project prospectus. All items within the designer’s scope of work must be designed in accordance with the P100. The designer must clarify ambiguities in writing before beginning the design.

1.2.2 LEASE CONSTRUCTION FACILITIES

THAT THE GOVERNMENT INTENDS TO

OWN OR HAS AN OPTION TO PURCHASE

Lease construction is new construction of a facility for Government use required by GSA’s formal Request for Lease Proposals (RLP).

In lease construction where GSA’s formal RLP has an option for GSA to purchase the building at a future date, the requirements of the P100 may be included in the RLP on a case-by-case basis with approval by the Chief Architect. In addition to the GSA-adopted nationally recognized codes and requirements, State and local government codes apply. If a conflict exists between applicable State and local government codes and the GSA requirements, the developer must identify these conflicts in writing and request a resolution from the GSA contracting officer.

1.2.3 TENANT IMPROVEMENTS

The P100 applies to standalone tenant improvement projects with respect to interior finishes only. Tenant improvements are defined in the GSA Pricing Desk Guide at www.gsa.gov/cdnstatic/PDG_4th_Ed.pdf

1.2.4 DEVIATIONS FROM P100

1.2.4.1 WAIVERS

Most deviations from the P100 require an approved waiver. Waivers must be requested in writing by the regional commissioners and approved by the Office of Design and

Construction before the concept submission is presented. Waivers must be processed through the responsible regional program coordinator in the Office of Design and Construction. The following deviations utilize other processes:

● Waivers for addressing the requirements in P100 Chapter 7, Fire Protection, are not permitted. However, alternative and equivalent compliance requests for deviations from the requirements in P100 Chapter 7 require an approved alternative and/or equivalent compliance solution in accordance with the requirements in Section

1.2.4.2. Such requests for alternative and/or

equivalent compliance must also include a concurrence signature from the regional Fire Protection Program Office and follow a similar approval process as the waiver process.

● Waivers or modifications from the Architectural Barriers Act Accessibility Standard (ABAAS) must be approved by the Commissioner of PBS. The ABAAS process is explained in the "National Accessibility Program—Standards, Policies and Procedures," Chapter 6:

www.gsa.gov/portal/mediaId/125178/fileNa me/National_Accessibility_Program_Standar ds_Policies_and_Procedures_2.action.

● Metric Waivers—See GSA Metric Order, GSA Metric Program, for guidance.

1.2.4.2 ALTERNATIVE AND EQUIVALENT

COMPLIANCE

GSA encourages the development of new and innovative building systems. The provisions of this document are not intended to prohibit the use of alternative systems, methods, or devices not specifically addressed by the P100. The use of alternative systems, methods, or devices is permitted to meet the intent of the prescribed

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http://www.gsa.gov/cdnstatic/PDG_4th_Ed.pdf http://www.gsa.gov/portal/mediaId/125178/fileName/National_Accessibility_Program_Standards_Policies_and_Procedures_2.action http://www.gsa.gov/portal/mediaId/125178/fileName/National_Accessibility_Program_Standards_Policies_and_Procedures_2.action http://www.gsa.gov/portal/mediaId/125178/fileName/National_Accessibility_Program_Standards_Policies_and_Procedures_2.action requirements in P100 where approved as being equivalent. All technical documentation for alternatives must be submitted and approved by the regional program office prior to final concept submission. Proposed alternatives must be equivalent or superior to the P100 requirements concerning quality, cost, strength, effectiveness, fire resistance, durability, efficiency, and safety.

All proposed alternatives must be accomplished within the project budget and schedule. The approved alternative will be recognized as being an equivalent design solution and compliant with the P100. The use of an alternative and equivalent compliance method is not to be considered a waiver.

1.3 FEDERAL LAWS, REGULATIONS,

AND STANDARDS

The following are Federal laws, regulations, and standards applicable to all projects.

1.3.1 PUBLIC BUILDINGS AMENDMENTS

OF 1988

The Public Buildings Amendments of 1988, 40 U.S.C. 3312, require that each building constructed or altered by GSA or any other Federal agency must, to the maximum extent feasible, comply with one of the nationally recognized model building codes and with other applicable nationally recognized codes.

1.3.2 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

In addition to building-specific codes, GSA projects must comply with Federal, State, and local environmental laws, regulations, and Executive Orders. GSA’s policy is voluntary conformance with State and local code requirements even when permitting or approvals from local regulators are not required. Project teams are advised to collaborate with the GSA regional environmental coordinator and the

Office of the Chief Architect for assistance during the design process.

Among the key mandates is the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). NEPA requires that Federal agencies consider and document the environmental impacts of proposed actions as part of their decision process. As part of the NEPA process, GSA would issue either a Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI) or a Record of Decision (ROD), both of which may contain legal commitments that GSA must incorporate into its project. GSA’s design team must be aware of these commitments and must address them in the project design documents.

1.3.3 ENERGY AND SUSTAINABLE

DESIGN

Legislation directed toward energy efficiency and sustainability continues to increase.

Laws, regulations, and Executive Orders affecting the design and operation of Federal buildings include:

● Executive Order 13834: Efficient Federal Operations

● Energy Independence and Security Act of

2007 (EISA 2007)

● Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPAct 2005)

● Guiding Principles for Sustainable Federal

Buildings (Guiding Principles)

For information on the implementation of sustainable design and energy, see Section 1.7, Sustainability.

1.3.4 HISTORIC PRESERVATION

The National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) of 1966 mandates that Federal agencies use historic properties to the greatest extent possible and strive to rehabilitate them in a manner that preserves their architectural character, in accordance with the Secretary of

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the Interior’s Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties (36 CFR 67).

Further, projects impacting historic properties must comply with NHPA’s Section 106 process. This process often results in GSA making legal commitments to execute the project in a certain way. In most cases, the Section 106 consultation process, and any resulting agreement documents, should be completed prior to the issuance of a FONSI or a ROD. As with NEPA, GSA’s design team must be aware of these commitments and must address them in the project design documents. Project teams shall consult with GSA’s Regional Historic Preservation Officer for assistance.

1.3.5 ACCESSIBILITY

GSA policy is to make all Federal buildings accessible without the use of special facilities for persons with disabilities. The intent of this policy is to use standard building products set at prescribed heights and with prescribed maneuvering clearances to allow easy access by disabled employees and visitors. Building elements designated specifically for use by persons with disabilities should be kept to a minimum.

1.3.6 THE ARCHITECTURAL BARRIERS

ACT ACCESSIBILITY STANDARD (ABAAS)

ABAAS is mandatory for all GSA projects. If local accessibility standards exist, the architect/engineer (A/E) must follow the most stringent requirements between the local standards and ABAAS.

The criteria of these standards must be considered a minimum in providing access for persons with disabilities. Dimensions that are not stated as “maximum” or “minimum” are absolute. All dimensions are subject to conventional industry tolerances except where the requirement is stated as a range with specific minimum and maximum end points.

1.3.7 ACCESSIBLE PUBLIC ENTRANCES

All public entrances provided in accordance with Paragraph F206.4.1 (Public Entrances) of the ABAAS must have at least one entrance door complying with Section 404.3 (Automatic and Power-Assisted Doors and Gates) of the ABAAS.

Where an accessible public entrance has a vestibule with exterior and interior entrance doors, at least one exterior door and one interior door must comply with Section 404.3.

1.3.8 ACCESSIBILITY IN FEDERAL

COURTHOUSES

Please refer to Chapter 8, Design Standards for U.S. Court Facilities; Section 8.2, Planning for Accessibility; and Table 8.1, Accessibility Requirements.

1.3.9 OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND

HEALTH REGULATIONS

The Department of Labor Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) does not directly regulate facility design; however, the construction, operation, and occupation of facilities must comply with OSHA regulations.

The A/E must ensure that facilities can be constructed in a manner compliant with 29 CFR 1926; the design must anticipate facility operations and maintenance and ensure they can be performed in compliance with 29 CFR 1910; and must not subject building occupants to conditions in violation of 29 CFR 1910.

1.3.10 RANDOLPH-SHEPPARD ACT

The Randolph-Sheppard Act provides qualified blind persons the opportunity to operate businesses on Federal, State, or other property.

The A/E must coordinate design with the vending

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facility operators to meet the needs of vendors covered by the act.

1.3.11 BUY AMERICAN ACT

Only domestic construction materials shall be specified in construction contracts performed in the United States except when a waiver to the Buy American Act is granted or per FAR

25.11 and FAR 52.225.

1.3.12 FACILITY DEFINITIONS

1.3.12.1 ESSENTIAL FACILITIES

The International Building Code (IBC) has defined essential facilities as “Any building and other structure that are intended to remain operational in the event of extreme environmental loading from flood, wind, snow or earthquake". Buildings and other structures designated as essential facilities include, but are not limited to: Group I-2 occupancies that have surgery or emergency treatment facilities, aviation control towers, or fire and police stations.

1.3.12.2 CRITICAL ACTION FACILITIES

The Department of Homeland Security Federal Emergency Management Agency has defined a facility as "Critical Action” when even a slight chance of flooding is too great. If critical action structures must be located within a 100 or 500-year floodplain (i.e., there are no practicable alternatives), critical infrastructure shall be elevated above the 500-year base flood elevation. Critical actions include, but are not limited to, those which create or extend the useful life of structures or facilities, such as:

those that produce, use, or store highly volatile, flammable, explosive, toxic, or water-reactive materials; or hospitals and nursing homes, and housing for the elderly, which are likely to contain occupants who may not be sufficiently mobile to avoid the loss of life or injury during flood and storm events.

The US Courts has determined that all new Court Houses are critical action facilities.

1.3.12.3 MISSION CRITICAL FACILITY

The tenant will determine this designation during project development. See electrical primary distribution and generator system for requirements. A mission critical facility contains any operation that, if electrical supply is interrupted, will cause a negative impact on business activities, ranging from losing revenue to jeopardizing legal conformity, and loss of life.

Examples may include data centers, hospitals, laboratories, public safety centers, court houses, Land Points of Entry, research facilities, law enforcement, and critical file and payroll centers.

1.4 NATIONALLY RECOGNIZED CODES

AND STANDARDS

For all design and construction work that GSA performs on Federal buildings, or those functions under GSA’s construction authority, GSA has adopted the technical requirements of the nationally recognized codes and standards referred to in this subsection. The technical requirements of these codes and standards are supplemented by mandates of Federal laws and Executive Orders, as well as GSA and other Federal agency criteria. The latest edition of these codes and standards, in effect at the time of design contract award, must be used throughout design and construction of the project.

1.4.1 CONFLICTS BETWEEN CODES OR

STANDARDS AND GSA REQUIREMENTS

To ensure flexibility, GSA’s policy is to make maximum use of equivalency clauses in all codes and standards. If a conflict exists between GSA

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requirements and the GSA-adopted codes or standards, the GSA requirements take precedence. All such conflicts must be brought to the attention of the GSA project manager as appropriate for resolution.

1.4.2 ICC INTERNATIONAL CODES

GSA has adopted the technical requirements of the International Codes, or I-Codes published by the International Code Council (ICC) including the International Green Construction Code (IGCC). Exceptions to the I-Codes are noted below. The ICC I-Codes are available at www.iccsafe.org.

1.4.3 NFPA LIFE SAFETY CODE

GSA has adopted the technical egress requirements of the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), Life Safety Code (NFPA 101), in lieu of the technical egress requirements of the IBC. The Life Safety Code is available at www.nfpa.org.

1.4.4 NFPA NATIONAL ELECTRICAL CODE

GSA has adopted the technical electrical requirements of the NFPA, National Electrical Code (NFPA 70). The National Electrical Code is available at www.nfpa.org.

1.4.5 NATIONAL STANDARDS

Organizations writing voluntary national standards, including NFPA; the American Society of Heating, Refrigeration, and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE); the Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors’ National Association (SMACNA); the National Roofing Contractor Association (NRCA); the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE); and the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), publish standards on health, safety, welfare, and security that are recognized by GSA in various chapters of the P100. Consistent with GSA’s long-standing policy to comply with nationally recognized standards to the extent practicable, these standards must be used as indicated in the P100.

The latest edition of the nationally recognized standards herein, in effect at the time of design contract award, must be used during design and construction.

1.5 STATE AND LOCAL CODES

Facilities built on Federal property are exempt from State and local building codes. GSA recognizes that the national building codes are typically the foundation of State and local building codes, and that State and local codes represent important regional interests and conditions. It is GSA’s policy to comply with State and local building codes to the maximum extent practicable; however, GSA has the final authority to accept or reject any recommendation from State and/or local government officials.

1.5.1 STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT

CONSULTATION AND REVIEW

The Public Buildings Amendments of 1988, 40 U.S.C. 3312, direct that each building constructed or altered by GSA shall be constructed or altered only after consideration of all design requirements (except procedural requirements) of State or local governments, which would apply to the building if it were not a building constructed by a Federal agency. This includes zoning as well as laws related to landscape, open space, building massing and orientation, and aesthetic considerations. In order to meet these requirements, GSA will consult in a timely manner with appropriate local officials in preparing plans for the building.

The GSA project manager must provide the appropriate State and/or local government officials the opportunity to review the project for compatibility with local planning, design

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http://www.iccsafe.org/ http://www.nfpa.org/ http://www.nfpa.org/ objectives, and zoning compliance. Local reviews must occur early in project development so that the design can easily respond to appropriate recommendations. These reviews include, but are not limited to, the review of drawings and specifications, making recommendations for compliance with local regulations, compatibility with local planning goals, and alignment with first responder requirements. In most cases, collaboration with local officials required to meet these standards will be in addition to, and not a substitute for, NEPA consultation with local officials. The GSA project manager must inform State and local government officials that GSA and its contractors are not allowed to pay any fee for any actions taken by the State and/or local government officials in connection with local reviews or inspections. GSA will review all recommendations made by State and local government officials. Each recommendation will be carefully considered based on adequacy, cost, and nationally accepted practice. GSA has the final authority to accept or reject any recommendation from State and/or local government officials. The GSA project manager will maintain a record of all recommendations and comments from State and local government officials for the duration of the project.

The above requirements are also directed by the Federal Urban Land Use Act of 1949 (40 USC Sect 901-905) and Executive Order 12072.

1.5.2 ZONING AND RELATED ISSUES

The A/E team must offer local officials timely opportunity to review and comment on the GSA project plans for compatibility with local plans, zoning, and design guidelines. Local review must be done in coordination with the project design schedule. If local officials choose not to review the design concept, the project manager must document this in the project file.

Local regulations must be followed without exception in the design of systems that have a direct impact on off-site terrain or infrastructure.

These systems include, but are not limited to, fire protection services, storm water runoff, erosion control, sanitary sewers and storm drains, water, gas, electrical power, communications, emergency vehicle access, roads, and bridges.

1.5.3 DESIGN REVIEW FOR CODE

COMPLIANCE

The GSA project manager must provide the appropriate State and/or local government officials the opportunity to review the design for building code compliance. The GSA project manager will officially forward design submissions to the appropriate local officials.

1.5.4 CONSTRUCTION INSPECTIONS

If State and local government officials elect to perform code compliance construction inspections, the GSA project manager must include provisions in both the A/E and construction contract for coordination of the work with local officials. State and local government officials do not have the authority to reject, accept, or make changes to the work, and their inspections are done only to assist GSA in achieving code compliance.

1.6 PROGRAM-SPECIFIC GUIDES AND

STANDARDS

In addition to the P100, GSA and its customer agencies use a number of specific guides and standards that address program requirements.

Use of these guides is mandatory. In case of conflicts between the P100 and a specific building guide, the more stringent requirement will take precedence. If conflicts exist between the facilities standards and specific program and

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project requirements, contact the Office of Design and Construction for clarification. The websites for these guides are listed in Appendix Section B1, References.

1.6.1 FEDERAL COURTHOUSES

The Office of Design and Construction provides guidance on all levels of development of courthouse projects, including Congress, OMB, the Administrative Office of the United States Courts, and GSA, and serves as a liaison for all courthouse projects. See Chapter 8, Design Standards for U.S. Court Facilities, for detailed descriptions of the publications listed below and their application.

● GSA Courthouse Visitor’s Guide, February

● GSA Courthouse Project Handbook, August

● U.S. Courts Design Guide

● U.S. Marshals Service Judicial Security

Systems Requirements and Specifications, Volume 3, Publication 64, 2005

● U.S. Marshals Service Requirements and Specifications for Special Purpose and Support Space, Volume One: Architectural & Engineering, 2007; Volume Two: Electronic Security & Hardware, 2007

1.6.2 LAND PORTS OF ENTRY

The Office of Design and Construction provides guidance on the management of the border station program, including strategic planning, budgeting, benchmarking, and design guidance.

For more information:

● United States Land Port of Entry Design Guide, 2014

1.6.3 CHILD CARE CENTERS

Requirements for child care centers must be incorporated early in the design and planning process. The references below provide guidance on such topics as site design, emergency evacuation, food services, safety, security, mechanical, electrical, and plumbing:

● Child Care Center Design Guide (PBS-P140)

● Accreditation Criteria and Procedures of the

National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC)

1.6.4 SECURITY

Please see the following documents for more information on the security design requirements for Federal buildings:

● The Risk Management Process: An Interagency Security Committee Standard, August 2013

1.6.5 HISTORIC PRESERVATION

Performance requirements for projects affecting historic properties must be incorporated into design team qualification requirements, project scopes of work, and construction contracts.

Design teams undertaking feasibility studies, repairs, alterations, or new construction within or adjoining historic properties must include a historical architect, architectural conservator, or preservation specialist, as applicable, who meets U.S. Department of Interior Professional Qualification Standards and GSA Qualification Requirements.

Projects affecting historic properties, including landscape modifications and infrastructure work involving ground disturbance, must follow the Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties in accordance with GSA ADM 1020.3 Procedures for Historic

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https://www.nps.gov/history/local-law/arch_stnds_9.htm https://www.nps.gov/history/local-law/arch_stnds_9.htm http://www.gsa.gov/portal/category/107491 http://www.gsa.gov/portal/category/107491 https://www.nps.gov/tps/standards.htm https://www.nps.gov/tps/standards.htm http://www.gsa.gov/portal/directive/d0/content/529565

Properties, Chapter 4, as directed by GSA’s Regional Historic Preservation Office. The performance level to be met within the standards will be determined by the historical architect or preservation specialist, who must be integrally involved in the design and analysis of all alternatives affecting restoration or rehabilitation zones as defined in the Building Preservation Plan (BPP) or Historic Structure Report (HSR). The minimum standard treatment is rehabilitation with viable design alternatives that avoid adverse effects on historic spaces and materials. Each study and design submission must include a Section 106 Compliance Report documenting the development and analysis of preservation design alternatives in photographs, detail drawings, and project descriptions explaining how the recommended solutions address preservation issues raised by the project. Designs must follow applicable GSA Technical Guidelines and requirements for historic buildings in P100 Chapters 3-7.

Contract documents for repair, cleaning, restoration, or alteration of historic building materials must include GSA technical competency requirements for work requiring specialized skills required to meet preservation standards.

1.6.6 FIRST IMPRESSIONS

The First Impressions program extends the vision of Design Excellence into public lobbies of Federal buildings. These are the areas that shape a visitor’s “first impression” of the Federal Government. Lobby security is a critical part of these public spaces, and visitors should be able to seamlessly navigate these areas without delay or confusion. The goal is to provide guidance for creating world-class lobbies. Five action points form the foundation of the First Impressions program. These action points are applicable across projects of all scopes and funding levels.

● Reduce Clutter—A place for everything and everything in its place.

● Consolidate Functions—Cluster amenities by function, creating centrally located business centers.

● Unify Signage—A unified signage system is critical to access.

● Streamline Security—Security should not be intrusive or intimidating.

● Transform your image—The result of integrating architectural, graphic, security, and signage design.

See the First Impressions Program Guide for more information: www.gsa.gov/firstimpression

1.6.7 OTHER GUIDES AND STANDARDS

● GSA National Business Space Assignment Policy

● PBS P-120, Public Buildings Service Cost and Schedule Management Policy (P-120)

● Metric Design Guide (see GSA Metric Order, GSA Metric Program, for guidance)

● GSA 3490.2 on Document Security for Sensitive but Unclassified Building Information

● Executive Order 13502, Use of Project Labor Agreements for Federal Construction Projects

1.7 SUSTAINABILITY

Sustainability is the conditions under which humans and nature can exist in productive harmony, and that permit fulfilling the social, economic, and other requirements of present and future generations. Sustainable design seeks to ensure that future generations are not disadvantaged by the depletion of natural or nonrenewable resources by the current

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http://www.gsa.gov/portal/directive/d0/content/529565 http://www.gsa.gov/portal/category/107487 http://www.gsa.gov/portal/category/107507 http://www.gsa.gov/portal/category/107507 http://www.gsa.gov/portal/category/107491 http://www.gsa.gov/portal/category/107491 http://www.gsa.gov/firstimpression generation. Sustainable designs follow an integrated, synergistic approach, in which all phases of the facility lifecycle are considered.

Following sustainable design principles improves building performance, promotes the health and comfort of building occupants, minimizes environmental impacts, and supports natural resource availability. The result must be an optimal synergy of cost, environmental, societal, and human benefits while meeting the mission and function of the intended facility or infrastructure. Subsequent chapters of the P100 include requirements and recommendations to meet these objectives.

The essential principles of sustainable design and development are:

● Optimize site potential

● Minimize nonrenewable energy consumption

● Protect and conserve water

● Use environmentally preferable products and materials

● Enhance indoor environmental quality

● Optimize operations and maintenance practices

These principles must serve as the basis for planning, programming, design, budgeting, construction, commissioning, operation, maintenance, and disposal of all new facilities, major renovations, and existing building alterations. These principles must be applied as appropriate to every project scope.

Applicable strategies and opportunities to improve sustainable performance must be included in all projects. New construction and major renovations of GSA buildings, as well as applicable work in existing GSA buildings, must comply with the Guiding Principles for Sustainable Federal Buildings. Strategies to meet the Guiding Principles are included in each appropriate chapter of the P100. For the latest guidance on implementing the Guiding Principles, see www.sustainability.gov/resources.html.

1.7.1 LEED CERTIFICATION

Through integrative design and application of sustainable design principles, all new construction projects and substantial renovations must achieve, at a minimum, a Gold rating through the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) version 4 Green Building Rating System of the U.S. Green Building Council. GSA uses LEED to measure and quantify building performance achievements in relation to its mandates and goals. Pursue LEED credits that align with the Guiding Principles for Sustainable Federal Buildings and are appropriate to the goals of GSA and to the type of project being designed. For more information, see GSA's Guiding Principles Checklist at www.gsa.gov/sustainabledesign.

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http://www.sustainability.gov/resources.html http://www.gsa.gov/sustainabledesign

1.7.2 SUSTAINABLE PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS

Attribute Baseline Tier 1 High Performance

Tier 2 High Performance

Tier 3 High Performance

Measurement & Verification

Plans & Specs Calculations &

Analysis Design Construction

Energy

Show a project is energy net-zero ready by providing a

Energy Net-Zero

Designs must be Energy Net-Zero ready on a source energy basis with onsite renewables that are designated on the plan for future installation.

Designs must be Energy Net- Zero ready with 25% onsite renewables installed and the remainder designated on the plan for future installation.

Designs must be Energy Net- Zero ready with 50% onsite renewables installed and the remainder designated on the plan for future installation.

Designs must be Energy Net- Zero with 100% onsite renewables installed.

Report the projects ongoing energy performance in a sustainability benchmarking platform

Y

Provide 90.1 Appendix G energy model and calculations for proposed and installed renewable energy.

written narrative on how the energy-efficient building, on a source energy basis, achieves actual annual delivered energy less than or equal to the on-

CX agent to confirm installed renewables supply the required power to meet the high performance tiers.

site and/or proposed renewable exported energy.

Water

Provide calculations for

Water Net-Zero Meet current policy including EISA sec. 438.

Designs must be Water Net- Zero ready with 50% potable water returned back to the original water source on site.

Designs must be Water Net- Zero ready with 75% potable water returned back to the original water source on site.

Designs must be Water Net- Zero with 100% potable water returned back to the original water source on site.

Report the project's ongoing water performance in a sustainability benchmarking platform

Y water-use baseline. Show all methods of water conservation, reuse, and the amount of water returned to the original

Provide written narrative showing how water baseline is offset by proposed and installed water saving or reuse measures.

NA

water source.

High Performance Building Technologies

GSA Proving Ground Designs must incorporate one technology from the GPG Published Findings.

Designs must incorporate two technologies from the GPG

Published Findings.

Designs must incorporate four technologies from the GPG

Published Findings.

Designs must incorporate five technologies from the GPG

Published Findings.

Identify technologies…