36C26319B0008-005.pdf

Electrical Design Manual December 2015

CONTENTS

i

CHAPTER 1: GENERAL REQUIREMENTS ............................................................................ 1-1

1.1 PURPOSE ............................................................................................................ 1-3

1.2 RESPONSIBILITY ................................................................................................ 1-3

1.3 AUTHORITY HAVING JURISDICTION ................................................................. 1-3

1.4 COORDINATION .................................................................................................. 1-3

1.5 VA DESIGN CRITERIA ......................................................................................... 1-4

1.5.1 MASTER SPECIFICATIONS (PG-18-1) ................................................................ 1-4

1.5.2 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURES (PG-18-3) ................................ 1-5

1.5.3 NATIONAL CAD STANDARD, VHA APPLICATION GUIDE & STANDARD

DETAILS (PG-18-4) .............................................................................................. 1-5

1.5.4 EQUIPMENT GUIDE LIST (PG-18-5) ................................................................... 1-5

1.5.5 DESIGN MANUALS (PG-18-10) ........................................................................... 1-5

1.5.6 DESIGN GUIDES (PG-18-12) ............................................................................... 1-6

1.5.7 DESIGN SUBMISSION INSTRUCTIONS (PG-18-15) ........................................... 1-6

1.5.8 DESIGN REVIEW CHECKLISTS .......................................................................... 1-7

1.5.9 DESIGN ALERTS ................................................................................................. 1-7

1.5.10 QUALITY ALERTS ................................................................................................ 1-7

1.5.11 PHYSICAL SECURITY DESIGN MANUAL FOR VA FACILITIES - MISSION

CRITICAL FACILITIES & LIFE SAFETY PROTECTED FACILITIES ..................... 1-7

1.5.12 COST ESTIMATING MANUAL ............................................................................. 1-8

1.5.13 SUSTAINABLE DESIGN MANUAL ....................................................................... 1-8

1.5.14 SEISMIC DESIGN REQUIREMENTS (H-18-8) ..................................................... 1-8

1.5.15 FIRE PROTECTION DESIGN MANUAL ............................................................... 1-9

1.5.16 VA HOSPITAL BUILDING SYSTEM ..................................................................... 1-9

1.5.17 COMPUTER AIDED FACILITIES MANAGEMENT REQUIREMENTS

(CAFM) ................................................................................................................. 1-9

1.6 OTHER DESIGN CRITERIA ................................................................................. 1-9

1.6.1 ENERGY CONSERVATION ................................................................................. 1-9

1.6.2 DOE INTERIM FINAL RULE ............................................................................... 1-10

1.6.2.1 ASHRAE Standard 90.1 ...................................................................................... 1-10

1.6.2.2 Additional Mandated Energy Conservation Measures ......................................... 1-10

1.6.3 EXECUTIVE ORDER 13423 DATED JANUARY 26, 2007 .................................. 1-10

1.6.3.1 New Construction ................................................................................................ 1-11

1.6.3.2 Major Renovations .............................................................................................. 1-11

1.6.3.3 Additional Measures (MOU) ................................................................................ 1-11

1.6.4 COMMISSIONING .............................................................................................. 1-11

1.6.5 MEASUREMENTS AND VERIFICATION ............................................................ 1-12

1.7 APPLICABLE CODES AND STANDARDS ......................................................... 1-12

1.7.1 GENERAL ........................................................................................................... 1-12

1.7.2 LOCAL CODES AND CONDITIONS ................................................................... 1-13

1.7.3 LOCAL UTILITY .................................................................................................. 1-13

1.8 DESIGN REQUIREMENTS ................................................................................. 1-13

1.9 CRITERIA UNIQUE TO VA ................................................................................. 1-14

1.9.1 DRAWINGS ........................................................................................................ 1-14

1.9.2 SEQUENCE OF ELECTRICAL DRAWINGS ....................................................... 1-15

1.9.3 ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS ..................................................................... 1-15

1.9.4 PROPRIETARY ITEMS ...................................................................................... 1-15

1.10 CALCULATIONS ................................................................................................ 1-15

1.10.1 GENERAL ........................................................................................................... 1-15 ii

1.10.2 FAULT CURRENT CALCULATIONS .................................................................. 1-16

1.10.3 PROTECTIVE DEVICE COORDINATION CALCULATIONS .............................. 1-16

1.10.4 ARC FLASH CALCULATIONS ............................................................................ 1-17

1.10.5 LOAD CALCULATIONS ...................................................................................... 1-17

1.10.6 GENERATOR SIZING CALCULATIONS ............................................................ 1-17

1.10.7 VOLTAGE DROP CALCULATIONS .................................................................... 1-17

1.10.8 HARMONIC DISTORTION CALCULATIONS...................................................... 1-17

1.10.9 LIGHTNING PROTECTION CALCULATIONS .................................................... 1-18

1.11 SEISMIC BRACING ............................................................................................ 1-18

1.11.1 REFERENCES ................................................................................................... 1-18

1.11.2 DRAWINGS ........................................................................................................ 1-18

1.11.3 EQUIPMENT BRACING ..................................................................................... 1-18

1.12 TRANSPORT SYSTEMS .................................................................................... 1-18

1.13 FIRE ALARM SYSTEMS .................................................................................... 1-18

1.14 RENOVATION TO EXISTING SITES AND BUILDINGS ..................................... 1-18

1.14.1 DRAWINGS ........................................................................................................ 1-18

1.14.2 MODIFICATION VERSUS REPLACEMENT ....................................................... 1-18

1.14.3 AGE AND PHYSICAL CONDITION .................................................................... 1-19

1.14.4 PARTS AVAILABILITY ........................................................................................ 1-19

1.14.5 CONDUIT AND BOXES ...................................................................................... 1-19

1.14.6 CONDUCTORS .................................................................................................. 1-20

1.14.7 WIRING DEVICES .............................................................................................. 1-20

1.14.8 LIGHTING FIXTURES ........................................................................................ 1-20

1.14.9 PANELBOARDS ................................................................................................. 1-20

1.14.10 GOVERNMENT RETAINED EQUIPMENT ......................................................... 1-21

1.14.11 CONTINUITY OF SERVICE ................................................................................ 1-21

1.14.12 COMPATIBILITY ................................................................................................. 1-21

CHAPTER 2: RACEWAYS, WIRING, AND EQUIPMENT ....................................................... 2-1

2.1 RACEWAYS ......................................................................................................... 2-3

2.1.1 CONCEALED AND EXPOSED ............................................................................. 2-3

2.1.2 UNDERGROUND DUCTS AND CONDUITS ........................................................ 2-3

2.1.3 SPARE CONDUITS .............................................................................................. 2-3

2.1.4 UNDERFLOOR DUCT SYSTEMS ........................................................................ 2-3

2.1.5 RADIOLOGY ROOMS .......................................................................................... 2-4

2.1.6 POKE-THRUS/POWER POLES ........................................................................... 2-4

2.1.7 ETHYLENE OXIDE STERILIZATION AREA ......................................................... 2-4

2.2 GROUNDING........................................................................................................ 2-5

2.2.1 GROUNDING ELECTRODES ............................................................................... 2-5

2.2.2 EQUIPMENT GROUNDING CONDUCTORS ....................................................... 2-5

2.2.3 METAL CURTAIN WALL GROUNDING................................................................ 2-5

2.3 LIGHTNING PROTECTION SYSTEM ................................................................... 2-5

2.4 MOTOR DISCONNECT SWITCHES .................................................................... 2-6

CHAPTER 3: RECEPTACLE AND POWER REQUIREMENTS .............................................. 3-1

3.1 GENERAL ............................................................................................................. 3-3

3.2 ESSENTIAL ELECTRICAL SYSTEM CIRCUITS .................................................. 3-3

3.3 RECEPTACLE CIRCUITS .................................................................................... 3-3

3.4 SPECIFIC APPLICATIONS ................................................................................... 3-3

3.4.1 GROUND FAULT CIRCUIT INTERRUPTER RECEPTACLES ............................. 3-3

3.4.2 SURGICAL/OPERATING ROOMS ....................................................................... 3-3

3.4.3 ICU-CCU FOOT-WALL RECEPTACLES .............................................................. 3-4 iii

3.4.4 EXTERIOR ELECTRICAL RECEPTACLES .......................................................... 3-4

3.4.5 WAITING, LOUNGE AND LOBBY AREAS ........................................................... 3-4

3.4.6 ANIMAL SURGERY ROOMS (RESEARCH) ......................................................... 3-4

3.4.7 SELF-ILLUMINATED EMERGENCY RECEPTACLES .......................................... 3-5

3.4.8 CORRIDORS ........................................................................................................ 3-5

3.4.9 KITCHENS ............................................................................................................ 3-5

3.4.10 OFFICES AND ADMINISTRATIVE AREAS .......................................................... 3-5

3.4.11 LABORATORIES AND RESEARCH FACILITIES ................................................. 3-6

3.4.12 PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION SERVICE ................................... 3-6

3.4.13 PSYCHIATRIC PATIENT ROOMS ........................................................................ 3-6

3.4.14 STAIRWELLS ....................................................................................................... 3-6

3.4.15 INTERSTITIAL SPACES ....................................................................................... 3-6

3.4.16 TV/CCTV POWER RECEPTACLES ..................................................................... 3-6

3.4.17 ELECTRICAL CLOSETS ...................................................................................... 3-6

3.4.18 MOTORIZED TREADMILLS ................................................................................. 3-7

CHAPTER 4: ESSENTIAL AND STANDBY ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEMS ...................... 4-1

4.1 GENERAL ............................................................................................................. 4-3

4.2 MIXED ESSENTIAL AND STANDBY ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEMS ............. 4-3

4.3 COMMISSIONING ................................................................................................ 4-3

4.4 EQUIPMENT AND RATINGS ............................................................................... 4-3

4.4.1 GENERATORS ..................................................................................................... 4-3

4.4.2 AUTOMATIC TRANSFER SWITCHES (ATS) ....................................................... 4-3

4.4.3 CONTROL NETWORK ......................................................................................... 4-3

4.4.4 DIESEL FUEL STORAGE ..................................................................................... 4-4

4.4.5 LOCATION ........................................................................................................... 4-4

4.5 EXISTING FACILITIES ......................................................................................... 4-4

4.6 ESSENTIAL ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS FOR HOSPITALS .................................... 4-4

4.6.1 ENFORCING CODES ........................................................................................... 4-4

4.6.1.1 Life Safety Branch ................................................................................................. 4-4

4.6.1.2 Critical Branch....................................................................................................... 4-5

4.6.2 EQUIPMENT BRANCH ......................................................................................... 4-6

4.6.2.1 Equipment Branch Non-Delayed Automatic Connection ....................................... 4-6

4.6.2.2 Equipment Branch Delayed-Automatic Connection ............................................... 4-6

4.6.3 ALTERNATE SOURCE OF POWER .................................................................... 4-8

4.7 ESSENTIAL ELECTRICAL SYSTEM FOR NURSING HOMES AND

LIMITED CARE FACILITIES ................................................................................. 4-8

4.7.1 LIFE SAFETY BRANCH ....................................................................................... 4-9

4.7.2 CRITICAL BRANCH.............................................................................................. 4-9

4.7.3 ALTERNATE SOURCE OF POWER .................................................................... 4-9

4.8 ESSENTIAL ELECTRICAL SYSTEM FOR OTHER HEALTHCARE

FACILITIES ........................................................................................................... 4-9

4.8.1 TYPE 3 LOADS .................................................................................................... 4-9

4.8.2 ALTERNATE SOURCE OF POWER .................................................................... 4-9

4.9 ESSENTIAL ELECTRICAL SYSTEM FOR OTHER FACILITIES .......................... 4-9

4.9.1 BOILER PLANT AND ENERGY CENTER ............................................................ 4-9

4.9.2 FIRE STATION ................................................................................................... 4-10

4.10 STANDBY ELECTRICAL SYSTEM FOR MISSION CRITICAL FACILITIES ....... 4-10

4.10.1 REQUIREMENTS ............................................................................................... 4-10

4.10.2 STANDBY SOURCE OF POWER ....................................................................... 4-10

CHAPTER 5: ELECTRICAL POWER DISTRIBUTION ............................................................ 5-1 iv

5.1 UTILITY SERVICE ................................................................................................ 5-3

5.2 PRIMARY DISTRIBUTION.................................................................................... 5-3

5.2.1 GENERAL ............................................................................................................. 5-3

5.2.2 PRIMARY SWITCHGEAR..................................................................................... 5-3

5.2.3 PRIMARY CABLING ............................................................................................. 5-4

5.2.4 BUILDING PRIMARY-VOLTAGE DISCONNECTING MEANS .............................. 5-4

5.3 SECONDARY DISTRIBUTION ............................................................................. 5-4

5.3.1 GENERAL ............................................................................................................. 5-4

5.3.2 MEDIUM-TO-LOW VOLTAGE TRANSFORMERS ................................................ 5-4

5.3.3 LOW VOLTAGE TRANSFORMERS ..................................................................... 5-4

5.3.4 SWITCHBOARDS, SWITCHGEAR, AND MOTOR CONTROL CENTERS ........... 5-5

5.3.5 PANELBOARDS ................................................................................................... 5-5

5.3.6 TYPE 2 SURGE-PROTECTIVE DEVICES (TYPE 2 SPD) .................................... 5-5

5.3.7 LOADS FED FROM UNINTERRUPTIBLE POWER SUPPLY (UPS) .................... 5-5

5.4 POWER MONITORING AND METERING ............................................................ 5-5

5.4.1 GENERAL ............................................................................................................. 5-5

5.4.2 ENERGY CENTERS ............................................................................................. 5-6

5.4.3 EXISTING FACILITIES ......................................................................................... 5-6

5.5 ELECTRICAL ROOMS AND CLOSETS................................................................ 5-6

5.5.1 GENERAL ............................................................................................................. 5-6

5.5.2 SPACE FOR FUTURE EQUIPMENT .................................................................... 5-7

5.6 ELECTRICAL FACILITIES FOR SURGICAL/OPERATING ROOMS .................... 5-7

5.7 ELECTRICAL FACILITIES FOR ELEVATORS ..................................................... 5-7

CHAPTER 6: SPECIAL MEDICAL AND ALARM SYSTEMS ................................................... 6-1

6.1 GENERAL ............................................................................................................. 6-3

6.2 PATIENT WALL SYSTEMS .................................................................................. 6-3

6.3 PREFABRICATED BEDSIDE PATIENT UNIT (PBPU) ......................................... 6-3

6.4 PBPU INSTALLATION .......................................................................................... 6-3

6.5 PBPU APPLICATION ............................................................................................ 6-3

6.6 MEDICAL GAS, VACUUM, AND AIR ALARM SYSTEMS ..................................... 6-4

APPENDIX A: DRAWINGS ..................................................................................................... A-1 I INDEX .................................................................................................................................... I-1 v

This page intentionally left blank.

CHAPTER 1: GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

1-1

1.1 PURPOSE ............................................................................................................ 1-3

1.2 RESPONSIBILITY ................................................................................................ 1-3

1.3 AUTHORITY HAVING JURISDICTION ................................................................. 1-3

1.4 COORDINATION .................................................................................................. 1-3

1.5 VA DESIGN CRITERIA ......................................................................................... 1-4

1.5.1 MASTER SPECIFICATIONS (PG-18-1) ................................................................ 1-4

1.5.2 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURES (PG-18-3) ................................ 1-5

1.5.3 NATIONAL CAD STANDARD, VHA APPLICATION GUIDE & STANDARD DETAILS

(PG-18-4) .............................................................................................................. 1-5

1.5.4 EQUIPMENT GUIDE LIST (PG-18-5) ................................................................... 1-5

1.5.5 DESIGN MANUALS (PG-18-10) ........................................................................... 1-5

1.5.6 DESIGN GUIDES (PG-18-12) ............................................................................... 1-6

1.5.7 DESIGN SUBMISSION INSTRUCTIONS (PG-18-15) ........................................... 1-6

1.5.8 DESIGN REVIEW CHECKLISTS .......................................................................... 1-7

1.5.9 DESIGN ALERTS ................................................................................................. 1-7

1.5.10 QUALITY ALERTS ................................................................................................ 1-7

1.5.11 PHYSICAL SECURITY DESIGN MANUAL FOR VA FACILITIES - MISSION

CRITICAL FACILITIES & LIFE SAFETY PROTECTED FACILITIES ..................... 1-7

1.5.12 COST ESTIMATING MANUAL ............................................................................. 1-8

1.5.13 SUSTAINABLE DESIGN MANUAL ....................................................................... 1-8

1.5.14 SEISMIC DESIGN REQUIREMENTS (H-18-8) ..................................................... 1-8

1.5.15 FIRE PROTECTION DESIGN MANUAL ............................................................... 1-9

1.5.16 VA HOSPITAL BUILDING SYSTEM ..................................................................... 1-9

1.5.17 COMPUTER AIDED FACILITIES MANAGEMENT REQUIREMENTS (CAFM) ..... 1-9

1.6 OTHER DESIGN CRITERIA ................................................................................. 1-9

1.6.1 ENERGY CONSERVATION ................................................................................. 1-9

1.6.2 DOE INTERIM FINAL RULE ............................................................................... 1-10

1.6.2.1 ASHRAE Standard 90.1 ...................................................................................... 1-10

1.6.2.2 Additional Mandated Energy Conservation Measures ......................................... 1-10

1.6.3 EXECUTIVE ORDER 13423 DATED JANUARY 26, 2007 .................................. 1-10

1.6.3.1 New Construction ................................................................................................ 1-11

1.6.3.2 Major Renovations .............................................................................................. 1-11

1.6.3.3 Additional Measures (MOU) ................................................................................ 1-11

1.6.4 COMMISSIONING .............................................................................................. 1-11

1.6.5 MEASUREMENTS AND VERIFICATION ............................................................ 1-12

1.7 APPLICABLE CODES AND STANDARDS ......................................................... 1-12

1.7.1 GENERAL ........................................................................................................... 1-12

1.7.2 LOCAL CODES AND CONDITIONS ................................................................... 1-13

1.7.3 LOCAL UTILITY .................................................................................................. 1-13

1.8 DESIGN REQUIREMENTS ................................................................................. 1-13

1.9 CRITERIA UNIQUE TO VA ................................................................................. 1-14

1.9.1 DRAWINGS ........................................................................................................ 1-14

1.9.2 SEQUENCE OF ELECTRICAL DRAWINGS ....................................................... 1-15

1.9.3 ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS ..................................................................... 1-15

1.9.4 PROPRIETARY ITEMS ...................................................................................... 1-15

1.10 CALCULATIONS ................................................................................................ 1-15

1.10.1 GENERAL ........................................................................................................... 1-15

1.10.2 FAULT CURRENT CALCULATIONS .................................................................. 1-16

1.10.3 PROTECTIVE DEVICE COORDINATION CALCULATIONS .............................. 1-16

1-2

1.10.4 ARC FLASH CALCULATIONS ............................................................................ 1-17

1.10.5 LOAD CALCULATIONS ...................................................................................... 1-17

1.10.6 GENERATOR SIZING CALCULATIONS ............................................................ 1-17

1.10.7 VOLTAGE DROP CALCULATIONS .................................................................... 1-17

1.10.8 HARMONIC DISTORTION CALCULATIONS...................................................... 1-17

1.10.9 LIGHTNING PROTECTION CALCULATIONS .................................................... 1-18

1.11 SEISMIC BRACING ............................................................................................ 1-18

1.11.1 REFERENCES ................................................................................................... 1-18

1.11.2 DRAWINGS ........................................................................................................ 1-18

1.11.3 EQUIPMENT BRACING ..................................................................................... 1-18

1.12 TRANSPORT SYSTEMS .................................................................................... 1-18

1.13 FIRE ALARM SYSTEMS .................................................................................... 1-18

1.14 RENOVATION TO EXISTING SITES AND BUILDINGS ..................................... 1-18

1.14.1 DRAWINGS ........................................................................................................ 1-18

1.14.2 MODIFICATION VERSUS REPLACEMENT ....................................................... 1-18

1.14.3 AGE AND PHYSICAL CONDITION .................................................................... 1-19

1.14.4 PARTS AVAILABILITY ........................................................................................ 1-19

1.14.5 CONDUIT AND BOXES ...................................................................................... 1-19

1.14.6 CONDUCTORS .................................................................................................. 1-20

1.14.7 WIRING DEVICES .............................................................................................. 1-20

1.14.8 LIGHTING FIXTURES ........................................................................................ 1-20

1.14.9 PANELBOARDS ................................................................................................. 1-20

1.14.10 GOVERNMENT RETAINED EQUIPMENT ......................................................... 1-21

1.14.11 CONTINUITY OF SERVICE ................................................................................ 1-21

1.14.12 COMPATIBILITY ................................................................................................. 1-21

1-3

1.1 PURPOSE

This manual is a guide for electrical engineers and designers (hereafter referred as A/E) for the planning and design of the electrical power distribution and related systems (hereinafter referred to as systems) at Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) facilities.

It is expected that systems designed with the use of this manual shall meet their primary objective of providing a safe, reliable, and energy efficient installation. In order to provide the latitude needed for new technologies and concepts, technical deviations from the stipulations of this manual may be made only if a safe, reliable, and energy-efficient design shall result. Such deviations must be approved by VA. Deviations are not permitted from those requirements included in public laws, federal regulations, executive orders, and all applicable codes.

1.2 RESPONSIBILITY

The A/E shall provide all necessary professional services to perform planning and design of the systems for the project. The A/E is responsible and liable for the content of the construction contract document. The A/E is responsible and liable for the professional design in accordance with the contract, good engineering practices, VA standards, VA project-specific requirements (if any), and applicable codes.

1.3 AUTHORITY HAVING JURISDICTION

Unless otherwise directed by VA, the Authority Having Jurisdiction is the VISN Safety Officer.

1.4 COORDINATION

(a) The A/E shall coordinate planning and design work with the architectural, structural, civil, site utility & site work, telecommunications / data, HVAC, plumbing, medical air, fire protection / alarm system, and LEED/Sustainable designs, as applicable. Of particular focus shall be concealed and underground areas, and site utility coordination. Provide adjustable frequency drives for motors as required on the mechanical drawings; provide branch circuit power to terminal units, terminal unit fans, smoke dampers, control panels, and other auxiliaries; and provide fire alarm design as required for the mechanical systems.

(b) Utility Coordination:

(1) For projects requiring new electrical service, the A/E shall coordinate requirements with the local utility service company. The Contractor’s scope of work, as it relates to the service, shall be detailed in the Construction Documents. The A/E shall forward copies of all correspondence and minutes of meetings with the utility company's representatives to the Project Manager regarding negotiations for new services or making changes to the existing services.

(2) For renovations of and/or additions to existing buildings, the A/E shall investigate the existing electrical service/distribution system and determine whether sufficient capacity is available to accommodate the new loads. If applicable, the A/E shall inform the electric utility company of the new service requirements and additional loads.

1-4

(3) Major site distribution components, such as medium voltage and low voltage power feeders, ductbanks, and manholes, shall be shown on the civil utility plans for coordination purposes.

(c) Pre-Design Site Survey: For renovation projects, the A/E shall perform the following tasks:

(1) Electrical Load Monitoring: Investigate the existing electrical service/distribution system and determine whether sufficient capacity is available to accommodate the new loads.

Determining of existing loads shall be as required by NEC.

(2) Existing Electrical Installation: Investigate all existing field electrical installations such as existing concealed conduit runs, conduit types/sizes, cable types/sizes, panelboard types/sizes, electrical equipment locations, etc., which potentially impact the new installation.

1.5 VA DESIGN CRITERIA

Latest pertinent standards of VA’s Office of Construction and Facilities Management Technical Information Library (TIL) shall be used and complied with for the design. Some of the major standards are:

1.5.1 MASTER SPECIFICATIONS (PG-18-1)

Located in Technical Information Library http://www.cfm.va.gov/TIL/spec.asp

Purpose Defines a standardized method for the A/E to ensure that the contractor provides equipment and systems that meet the design intent in terms of performance, quality, and cost.

The Specifications accomplish this by:

• Providing specific narrative descriptions of required equipment, salient elements, and system construction

• Listing applicable standards and codes and references

• Requiring individual submittal of equipment and systems for review and approval prior to contractor purchase

• Defining specific installation methods to be used

1-5

1.5.2 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURES (PG-18-3)

http://www.cfm.va.gov/TIL/cPro.asp

Establishes minimum consistent design/construction practices.

The Procedures accomplish this by:

• Referencing applicable codes and policies

• Describing standard drawing formats

• Listing security strategies

• Including miscellaneous design details

1.5.3 NATIONAL CAD STANDARD, VHA APPLICATION GUIDE & STANDARD DETAILS

(PG-18-4)

http://www.cfm.va.gov/TIL/sDetail.asp

VHA Application Guide adopts the NIBS National CAD Standard, establishes VA-specific drafting standards for the preparation of design and construction documents, and provides utility and sheet template files and standard construction details, organized by discipline, for use in design and construction documents for VA projects.

1.5.4 EQUIPMENT GUIDE LIST (PG-18-5)

http://www.cfm.va.gov/TIL/equip.asp

Information for planning and developing requirements for contractor purchased and installed equipment for VA construction projects.

1.5.5 DESIGN MANUALS (PG-18-10)

http://www.cfm.va.gov/til/dManual.asp

To convey the general and specific VA design philosophy for medical and support facilities.

http://www.cfm.va.gov/TIL/cPro.asp http://www.va.gov/facmgt/standard/details.asp http://www.va.gov/facmgt/standard/details.asp http://www.cfm.va.gov/TIL/sDetail.asp http://www.va.gov/facmgt/standard/equiprm.asp http://www.cfm.va.gov/TIL/equip.asp http://www.cfm.va.gov/til/dManual.asp

1-6

The Manuals accomplish this by:

• Explaining specific design methodologies

• Listing acceptable system types

• Setting the overall energy consumption target

• Codifying certain code interpretations

• Listing values for design parameters

• Referencing certain sections of the Master Specification and Standard Details

• Containing examples of certain design elements

Note: The A/E shall submit to VA a list of Design Manuals along with the TIL posted dates that were in effect on the date of contract award.

1.5.6 DESIGN GUIDES (PG-18-12)

http://www.cfm.va.gov/til/dGuide.asp

Provides the A/E with specific layout templates and medical equipment lists for all types of spaces/uses, and specific design parameters for structural, electrical, and mechanical service.

The Design Guides accomplish this by:

• Publishing design narrative

• Including functional diagrams and layout plates

• Listing standards

1.5.7 DESIGN SUBMISSION INSTRUCTIONS (PG-18-15)

http://www.cfm.va.gov/til/aeDesSubReq.asp

Purpose To provide a staged listing of tasks in various design categories to define the A/E scope in order to ensure thorough and timely completion of the final design package and bid documents.

The Instructions accomplish this by:

• Progressively listing tasks as Schematic, Design Development, and Construction Documents stages

• Requiring task completion and submission for each stage according to a Critical Path Method (CPM) calendar

• Implementation of a QA/QC process to ensure a quality design product

• Requiring life-cycle analysis of alternatives in order to optimize the design/cost tradeoff

• Listing and detailing all the drawings, calculations, and specifications required for a complete design package

• Indicating the final distribution of bid documents http://www.cfm.va.gov/til/dGuide.asp http://www.cfm.va.gov/til/aeDesSubReq.asp

1-7

1.5.8 DESIGN REVIEW CHECKLISTS

Located in Technical Information Library http://www.cfm.va.gov/til/aeDesSubReq.asp

Purpose Provides the VA Peer Reviewer with a minimum list of critical items, which must be included in each A/E submission.

The Checklist accomplishes this by:

• Referring to all applicable VA design tools which apply to the specific project

• Detailing certain Life Safety and coordination requirements

1.5.9 DESIGN ALERTS

http://www.cfm.va.gov/til/alertDesign.asp

Purpose Communicates current design issues and solutions.

The Design Alerts accomplish this by:

• Publishing periodic alert memos

• Summarizing design solutions

1.5.10 QUALITY ALERTS

http://www.cfm.va.gov/til/alert.asp

Purpose Communicates quality deficiencies from recent A/E design submissions.

The Quality Alerts accomplish this by:

• Publishing checklists of design details often missed

• Including references to technical resources

1.5.11 PHYSICAL SECURITY DESIGN MANUAL FOR VA FACILITIES - MISSION

CRITICAL FACILITIES & LIFE SAFETY PROTECTED FACILITIES

Located in Technical Information Library http://www.cfm.va.gov/til/spclRqmts.asp#PHS

Purpose Sets physical security standards for facilities required to continue operation during a natural or man-made extreme event and for facilities that are required to protect the life safety of patients and staff in an emergency.

The Manuals accomplish this by:

• Setting objectives for physical security http://www.cfm.va.gov/til/aeDesSubReq.asp http://www.cfm.va.gov/til/alertDesign.asp http://www.cfm.va.gov/til/alert.asp http://www.cfm.va.gov/til/spclRqmts.asp#PHS

1-8

• Providing strategies for use in design and construction to provide protection to VA facilities

• Providing cost-effective design criteria

1.5.12 COST ESTIMATING MANUAL

http://www.cfm.va.gov/cost/

To convey the general and specific VA cost estimating philosophy for medical facilities.

The Manual accomplishes this by:

• Explaining specific estimating methodologies

• Presenting examples of certain design elements

1.5.13 SUSTAINABLE DESIGN MANUAL

http://www.cfm.va.gov/til/sustain.asp

This manual identifies the seven sustainability goals outlined in the Federal Mandates, and maps each goal to the appropriate LEED strategy for implementation. Possible methods to achieve the goals, budget considerations, case studies, and checklists are also included.

The Manual accomplishes this by:

• Prescribing the use of integrated design practices

• Providing strategies for optimization of energy performance

• Providing strategies for protection and conservation of water resources

• Providing strategies for enhancement of indoor environmental quality

• Providing strategies for reduction of environmental impact of materials

1.5.14 SEISMIC DESIGN REQUIREMENTS (H-18-8)

http://www.cfm.va.gov/til/seismic.asp

Purpose Policies established to ensure that all new and existing VA hospital facilities in seismic areas are designed to remain operational after an earthquake.

http://www.cfm.va.gov/cost/ http://www.cfm.va.gov/til/sustain.asp http://www.cfm.va.gov/til/seismic.asp

1-9

1.5.15 FIRE PROTECTION DESIGN MANUAL

http://www.cfm.va.gov/til/spclRqmts.asp#FS

Provides fire protection design criteria, including fire alarm requirements.

1.5.16 VA HOSPITAL BUILDING SYSTEM

The VA Hospital Building System (VAHBS) is a methodology based on a modular concept for planning, designing, and constructing hospitals.

The methodology has been used nationwide with success in capital and operating cost containment, shortened delivery schedules, and improved space utilization flexibility. All new and replacement VA hospital buildings should use the VAHBS system. Also consider using this system for major additions to existing hospitals where future adaptability is an important factor.

The A/E will find that systems schematic/design development efforts will occur much earlier in the overall planning/design process, due to the modular concept. Equipment selection and main distribution sizing should be evaluated as soon as the size and number of modules is determined.

See VHA Program Guide PG-18-3, Design and Construction Procedures, Topic 3, VA Hospital Building System for further guidance. The complete reference for the VAHBS is contained in the 1976 Development Study (called the Redbook) and the 2006 Supplement.

1.5.17 COMPUTER AIDED FACILITIES MANAGEMENT REQUIREMENTS (CAFM)

VA intends to implement Computer Aided Facility Management (CAFM) systems in all new and replacement hospital construction, and in all existing hospitals, as feasible. The CAFM concept requires that all pertinent data regarding a facility be contained in a master digital database, accessible by facilities personnel at their workstations for use in operations, energy/cost management, and maintenance, and for planning modifications in facility infrastructure due to space utilization changes.

1.6 OTHER DESIGN CRITERIA

1.6.1 ENERGY CONSERVATION

The need to conserve energy is mandated by the Federal Government by Executive Order and by Law enacted by Congress. In addition, 19 Federal Agencies have signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) outlining specific goals and targets for energy conservation and sustainable design. VA is one of the signatory agencies. In the following paragraphs, references and details of various requirements are given.

http://www.cfm.va.gov/til/spclRqmts.asp#FS

1-10

1.6.2 DOE INTERIM FINAL RULE

In the Federal Register (Volume 71, No. 232), dated December 4, 2006, the Department of Energy (DOE) issued mandatory energy conservation guidelines, as the interim final rule for implementing provisions in the Energy Policy Act (EPACT 2005). Provisions of the interim final rule are as follows:

1.6.2.1 ASHRAE Standard 90.1

Lighting systems shall be designed to comply with the ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1 – for Buildings except Low-Rise Residential Buildings. This Standard is a component of the DOE interim final rule. By reference, DOE has incorporated Standard 90.1- into 10 CFR Part 433.

Also, the US Congress has prescribed this standard in Section 109 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPACT). Provisions of this standard are mandatory and are not repeated here to avoid duplication. However, at appropriate places in the text, this standard is referenced.

The A/E is expected to fully comprehend and implement the practices dictated in ASHRAE 90.1.

Refer to VA Sustainable Design Manual for required edition.

1.6.2.2 Additional Mandated Energy Conservation Measures

In addition to complying with the ASHRAE Standard, DOE has mandated that a new Federal building must be designed to achieve an energy consumption level that is at least 30% below the level achieved under Standard 90.1-, if life-cycle cost effective. Use the Performance Rating Method – Appendix G of ASHRAE Standard 90.1.

(a) Life-Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) (Requirements): If an additional 30% reduction in energy consumption is not life-cycle cost-effective, the A/E must evaluate alternate designs;

at successive decrements (say, 25%, 20%, or lower) in order to identify the most energy-efficient design that is life-cycle cost-effective. To do so, the A/E must consider and evaluate all readily available energy conservation measures with which the industry is generally familiar.

DOE further stipulates that the "agencies must estimate the life-cycle costs and energy consumption of the planned building as designed and those of an otherwise building just meeting the minimum criteria set forth in the baseline ASHRAE Standard." This measure is meant to demonstrate and record the extent of the mandated compliance. When developing a Life-Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA), design teams must use an analysis approach consistent with the requirements of Title 10, CFR 436 or NIST Handbook 135. Refer to VA Sustainable Design Manual for LCCA requirements.

1.6.3 EXECUTIVE ORDER 13423 DATED JANUARY 26, 2007

Mandatory energy conservation requirements are also published in the above Executive Order.

The MOU is mentioned in Section 2, paragraph f of the Executive Order. The MOU was signed under the Federal Leadership in High Performance and Sustainable Buildings.

1-11

The stated goals and objectives of the MOU are as follows:

1.6.3.1 New Construction

For new construction, reduce the energy cost budget by 30% compared to the baseline performance rating of ASHRAE Standard 90.1.

VA Policy Reduction in the lighting energy cost budget shall be implemented as the reduction in energy consumption measured as volt-amperes (VA).

1.6.3.2 Major Renovations

For major renovations, reduce the energy cost budget by 30% below pre-renovations 2003 baseline. In the event pre-renovation 2003 baseline data is not available, the A/E shall calculate the lighting energy consumption before renovation, compare it with the energy consumption after renovation, and document the mandated saving. It is assumed that the use of the facility shall remain similar before and after the renovation. A project classified as “major renovation” shall meet the following two criteria:

(a) For a facility selected for renovation, the area of renovation is greater than 50% of the total area.

(b) A project is planned that significantly extends the building’s useful life through alterations or repairs and totals more than 30% of the replacement value of the facility.

VA Policy Reduction in the lighting energy cost budget shall be implemented as the reduction in energy consumption measured as volt-amperes (VA).

1.6.3.3 Additional Measures (MOU)

MOU also addresses related issues, such as commissioning and measurement and verification.

These issues are described below.

1.6.4 COMMISSIONING

Employ total building commissioning practices tailored to the size and complexity of the building and its system components in order to verify performance of building components and systems and help ensure that design requirements are met. This should include a designated commissioning authority, the inclusion of commissioning requirements in construction documents, a commissioning plan, verification of the installation and performance of systems to be commissioned, and a commissioning report.

1-12

1.6.5 MEASUREMENTS AND VERIFICATION

Per DOE Guidelines issued under Section 103 of EPACT, install building level utility meters in new major construction and renovation projects to track and continuously optimize performance.

MOU mandates that the actual performance data from the first year of operation shall be compared with the energy design target. After one year of occupancy, measure all new major installations using the Energy Star® Benchmarking Tool for building and space types covered by ENERGY STAR® or FEMP designated equipment.

1.7 APPLICABLE CODES AND STANDARDS

1.7.1 GENERAL

Latest pertinent Codes, Standards and Executive Orders shall be used and complied with for the design. Refer to PG-18-3, Topic 1, Codes, Standards and Executive Orders. Unless otherwise indicated by VA criteria, use the latest Codes and Standards of the following organizations:

(a) American National Standards Institute (ANSI)

(b) American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM)

(c) Illuminating Engineering Society of North America (IESNA)

(d) Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE)

(e) International Organization for Standardization (ISO), Standards for Protocols and Interfaces that include Open System Interconnections (OSI)

(f) Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO), Environment of Care Guidelines and Standards

(g) National Fire Protection Association (NFPA): A/E shall pay particular attention to the following publications:

• NFPA 20 – Standard for the Installation of Stationary Pumps for Fire Protection

• NFPA 70 – National Electrical Code

• NFPA 70 B – Recommended Practice for Electrical Equipment Maintenance

• NFPA 70 E – Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace

• NFPA 72 – National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code

• NFPA 77 – Recommended Practice on Static Electricity

• NFPA 99 – Health Care Facilities Code

• NFPA 101 – Life Safety Code

• NFPA 110 – Standard for Emergency and Standby Power Systems

• NFPA 111: Standard on Stored Electrical Energy Emergency and Standby Power Systems

• NFPA 780 – Standard for the Installation of Lightning Protection Systems

1-13

(h) National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA)

(i) Underwriters' Laboratories, Inc. (UL)

(j) ANSI/TIA/EIA-942 – Telecommunications Infrastructure Design for Data Centers

1.7.2 LOCAL CODES AND CONDITIONS

The A/E shall bring local and regional climatic and geographic conditions, and provisions of local building codes that are significantly different from the codes and standards listed above to the attention of VA and shall provide specific information on how the proposed design will reflect these conditions and codes. Of particular focus shall be local codes, code amendments, and/or conditions related to coastal, hurricane-prone, arctic, or seismically-active regions, or other climatic or regional conditions that warrant additional measures to protect the integrity of systems.

1.7.3 LOCAL UTILITY

The A/E shall follow the rules and regulations of the local electric company, where applicable.

The A/E shall investigate potential rebates, etc., offered by the local electric company for the use of energy saving equipment.

1.8 DESIGN REQUIREMENTS

(a) All conductors, all transformer windings, and all bussing in electrical power distribution system components shall be copper.

(b) Motors rated 1/2 HP and higher shall be 3-phase. Design and specifications shall be based upon 200V (volt) motors for 208V systems and 460V motors for 480V systems.

(c) Provide detailed schedules for switchgear, switchboards, panelboards, and motor control centers on the drawings. At a minimum, the schedules shall indicate equipment ratings, enclosure type, load descriptions, interrupting ratings, breaker/starter sizes, and connected and demand loads in kVA by phase. The A/E shall determine probable equipment sizes from several manufacturers, and ascertain that the electrical rooms are sufficiently sized.

Consider largest and/or heaviest dimensions and weights so that working clearance requirements, space for future installations, and structural requirements are satisfied.

(d) Specifications and CAD Standard Details:

• VA Master Specifications have been developed for typical electrical work. The A/E shall edit the appropriate sections to meet the project scope of work and specific project requirements, and latest applicable codes at the time of project design.

• The…