MIL-PRF-24647E.pdf

Comments, suggestions, or questions on this document should be addressed to: Commander, Naval Sea Systems

Command, ATTN: SEA 05S, 1333 Isaac Hull Avenue, SE, Stop 5160, Washington Navy Yard DC 20376-5160 or emailed to CommandStandards@navy.mil, with the subject line “Document Comment”. Since contact information can change, you may want to verify the currency of this address information using the ASSIST Online database at https://assist.dla.mil.

AMSC N/A FSC 8010

METRIC

MIL-PRF-24647E

9 April 2013

SUPERSEDING

MIL-PRF-24647D

w/INT. AMENDMENT 1

12 June 2006

MIL-PRF-24647D

16 February 2005

PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATION

PAINT SYSTEM, ANTICORROSIVE AND ANTIFOULING, SHIP HULL

This specification is approved for use by all Departments and Agencies of the Department of Defense.

1. SCOPE

1.1 Scope. This specification covers ship hull anticorrosive and antifouling paint systems.

1.2 Classification. Paints covered by this specification are of the following types, classes, grades, and applications, as specified (see table I and 6.2).

1.2.1 Types. The types of ship hull anticorrosive and antifouling paint systems are as follows:

Type I - Paint systems having topcoats that contain biocide(s) other than copper which ablate or self-polish. Copper content less than three weight percent.

Type II - Paint systems having topcoats that contain biocide(s) (copper or other biocide not cited in

Type I) which ablate or self-polish. Copper content may be greater than three weight percent.

Type III - Paint systems having topcoats that are foul-release and contain no biocide. Biofouling is released by ship movement through the water.

Type IIIa - Advanced foul-release coatings systems having topcoats that are foul-release and contain no biocide. Biofouling is released by ship movement through the water.

Type IV - Paint systems having topcoats that contain biocide(s) (copper or other) which do not ablate or self-polish.

1.2.2 Classes. The classes of ship hull anticorrosive and antifouling paint systems are as follows:

Class 1 - Paint systems for use on rigid, fiberglass, wood, or metallic substrates, other than aluminum.

Class 2 - Paint systems for use on aluminum substrates.

Class 3 - Paint systems for use on elastomeric substrates.

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1.2.3 Grades. The grades of ship hull anticorrosive and antifouling paint systems are determined by the volatile organic compound (VOC) content in the ready-to-apply condition.

Grade A - VOC of the antifouling topcoats less than or equal to 400 grams per liter (g/L) [3.4 pounds per gallon (lb/gal)]. VOC of any other individual paint in the system less than or equal to 340 g/L

(2.8 lb/gal).

Grade B - VOC of the antifouling topcoats less than or equal to 400 g/L (3.4 lb/gal). VOC of any other individual paint in the system less than or equal to 250 g/L (2.1 lb/gal).

Grade C - VOC of the antifouling topcoats less than or equal to 400 g/L (3.4 lb/gal). VOC of any other individual paint in the system less than or equal to 100 g/L (0.8 lb/gal).

1.2.4 Applications. The applications of ship hull anticorrosive and antifouling paint systems are determined

(defined) by the expected service life.

Application 1 - Paint systems for use on the underwater hull with a service life of 3 years without failure due to loss of adhesion, blistering, flaking, depletion by excessive ablation, or loss of antifouling capability (except minor sliming and biofouling from the boottop to the light load line).

Application 2 - Paint systems for use on the underwater hull with a service life of 7 years without failure due to loss of adhesion, blistering, flaking, depletion due to excessive ablation, or loss of antifouling capability (except sliming and biofouling from the boottop to the light load line).

Application 3 - Paint systems for use on the underwater hull with a service life of 12 years without failure due to loss of adhesion, blistering, flaking, depletion due to excessive ablation, or loss of antifouling capability (except sliming and biofouling from the boottop to the light load line).

Application 4 - Paint systems for use on high-speed vessels attaining 40 knots or greater with a service life of a minimum of 2 years without failure due to loss of adhesion, blistering, flaking, depletion by excessive ablation, or loss of antifouling capability (except minor sliming and biofouling from the boottop to the light load line).

TABLE I. Coating system type, class, application matrix.

Type Class App 1 App 2 App 3 App 4

I

1 YES YES YES YES

2 YES YES YES YES

3 YES YES YES NO

II

1 YES YES YES YES

2 NO NO NO NO

3 YES YES YES NO

III

1 YES YES NO YES

2 YES YES NO YES

3 YES YES NO NO

IIIa

1 YES YES NO NO

2 YES YES NO NO

3 YES YES NO NO

IV 1 YES NO NO NO

2 YES NO NO NO

3 YES NO NO NO

1.3 Part or identifying number (PIN). PINs to be used for ship hull anticorrosive and antifouling paint systems acquired to this specification are created as follows:

M 24647 - X X X X

Prefix for

Military

Specification

Specification

Number

Type (see code below)

Class (see code below)

Grade (see code below)

Application (see code below)

Type Code Class Code Grade Code Application Code

Type Code Class Code Grade Code Application Code

I A 1 1 A A 1 1

II B 2 2 B B 2 2

III C 3 3 C C 3 3

IIIa E 4 4

IV D

Examples: M24647-A2C1

M24647-D1B1

2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS

2.1 General. The documents listed in this section are specified in sections 3, 4, or 5 of this specification. This section does not include documents cited in other sections of this specification or recommended for additional information or as examples. While every effort has been made to ensure the completeness of this list, document users are cautioned that they must meet all specified requirements of documents cited in sections 3, 4, or 5 of this specification, whether or not they are listed.

2.2 Government documents.

2.2.1 Specifications, standards, and handbooks. The following specifications, standards, and handbooks form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the issues of these documents are those cited in the solicitation or contract.

FEDERAL STANDARDS

FED-STD-141 - Paint, Varnish, Lacquer and Related Materials: Methods of Inspection, Sampling and Testing

FED-STD-313 - Material Safety Data, Transportation Data, and Disposal Data for

Hazardous Materials Furnished to Government Activities

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE SPECIFICATIONS

MIL-PRF-23236 - Coating Systems for Ship Structures

MIL-DTL-24441 - Paint, Epoxy-Polyamide, General Specification for

(Copies of these documents are available online at http://quicksearch.dla.mil/ or https://assist.dla.mil.)

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2.2.2 Other Government documents, drawings, and publications. The following other Government documents, drawings, and publications form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the issues of these documents are those cited in the solicitation or contract.

CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS (CFR)

29 CFR 1910 - Occupational Safety and Health Standards

29 CFR 1910.1200 - Hazard Communication

40 CFR 60,

Appendix A, Method 24

- Determination of Volatile Matter Content, Water Content, Density, Volume Solids, and Weight Solids of Surface Coatings

40 CFR 261.24(a), Method 1311

- Toxicity Characteristics Leaching Procedure (TCLP)

(Copies of these documents are available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC 20401 or online at www.gpoaccess.gov/index.html.)

2.3 Non-Government publications. The following documents form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the issues of these documents are those cited in the solicitation or contract.

AMERICAN CONFERENCE OF GOVERNMENTAL INDUSTRIAL HYGIENISTS (ACGIH)

Threshold Limit Values (TLV) for Chemical Substances and Physical Agents in the Work Environment and Biological Exposure Indices

(Copies of this document are available from the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 1330

Kemper Meadow Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45240 or online at www.acgih.org.)

ASTM INTERNATIONAL

ASTM A1011/A1011M - Standard Specification for Steel, Sheet and Strip, Hot-Rolled, Carbon, Structural, High-Strength Low-Alloy, High-Strength Low-Alloy with

Improved Formability, and Ultra-High Strength

ASTM B209 - Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Sheet and

Plate

ASTM D562 - Standard Test Method for Consistency of Paints Measuring Krebs Unit

(KU) Viscosity Using a Stormer-Type Viscometer

ASTM D660 - Standard Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Checking of Exterior

Paints

ASTM D661 - Standard Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Cracking of Exterior

Paints

ASTM D714 - Standard Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering of Paints

ASTM D1475 - Standard Test Method for Density of Liquid Coatings, Inks, and Related

Products

ASTM D2244 - Standard Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances and Color

Differences from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates

ASTM D2369 - Standard Test Method for Volatile Content of Coatings

ASTM D2621 - Standard Test Method for Infrared Identification of Vehicle Solids from

Solvent-Reducible Paints

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ASTM D3278 - Standard Test Methods for Flash Point of Liquids by Small Scale Closed-

Cup Apparatus

ASTM D3335 - Standard Test Method for Low Concentrations of Lead, Cadmium, and

Cobalt in Paint by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy

ASTM D3623 - Standard Test Method for Testing Antifouling Panels in Shallow

Submergence

ASTM D4400 - Standard Test Method for Sag Resistance of Paints Using a Multinotch

Applicator

ASTM D4938 - Standard Test Method for Erosion Testing of Antifouling Paints Using

High Velocity Water

ASTM D5479 - Standard Practice for Testing Biofouling Resistance of Marine Coatings

Partially Immersed

ASTM D6442 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Copper Release Rate from

Antifouling Coatings in Substitute Ocean Water

ASTM D6990 - Standard Practice for Evaluating Biofouling Resistance and Physical

Performance of Marine Coating Systems

ASTM E1347 - Standard Test Method for Color and Color-Difference Measurement by

Tristimulus Colorimetry

ASTM F718 - Standard for Shipbuilders and Marine Paints and Coatings

Product/Procedure Data Sheet

ASTM F1130 - Standard Practice for Inspecting the Coating System of a Ship

ASTM G80 - Standard Test Method for Specific Cathodic Disbonding of Pipeline

Coatings

(Copies of these documents are available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., P.O. Box C700, West

Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959 or online at www.astm.org.)

SOCIETY FOR PROTECTIVE COATINGS (SSPC)

SSPC-SP 10/NACE No. 2 - Near-White Blast Cleaning

(Copies of this document are available from SSPC Publication Sales, 40 24 th

Street, 6 th

Floor, Pittsburgh, PA

15222-4656 or online at www.sspc.org.)

2.4 Order of precedence. Unless otherwise noted herein or in the contract, in the event of a conflict between the text of this document and the references cited herein, the text of this document takes precedence. Nothing in this document, however, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained.

3. REQUIREMENTS

3.1 Qualification. The paints furnished under this specification shall be products that are authorized by the qualifying activity for listing on the applicable qualified products list before contract award (see 4.2 and 6.3).

3.2 Description of paints. Each paint system being qualified to a type, class, grade, and application of this document shall consist of the following individual paints.

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3.2.1 Anticorrosive paint (first coat). When required, the first coat of anticorrosive paint is intended for direct application to the substrate being painted. Paint systems submitted for qualification to Classes 1 or 2 of this specification shall be qualified with anticorrosive paints that conform to MIL-DTL-24441, MIL-PRF-23236, or a commercial anticorrosive paint from the same manufacturer. Paint systems submitted for qualification to Class 3

(elastomeric substrates) do not require qualification with anticorrosive coatings, but shall be qualified with any required adhesion-promoting tie-coat. The paint shall be a light, pastel color.

3.2.2 Anticorrosive paint (second coat). The second coat of the anticorrosive layer shall be gray, except as noted in 3.4.1.b for submarine service.

3.2.3 Tie-coat. Tie-coat(s), if required, is intended for application to the anticorrosive paint and overcoated with antifouling paint.

3.2.4 Antifouling topcoat. Antifouling topcoat(s) shall be of the applicable type (see 1.2.1).

3.2.5 System identification. Manufacturer shall, at the time of qualification submittal, identify by unique nomenclature the total system being qualified and each individual product constituting the system by unique alpha/numeric nomenclature [product name, alpha/numeric identification, color, and required application thickness in micrometers (m) or mils (thousandths of an inch)]. At a minimum, the manufacturer shall identify the following:

a. All types, classes, grades, and applications, including any required adhesion promoting tie-coats.

b. The product(s) constituting the antifouling topcoat(s).

c. For Classes 1 and 2, the commercial product designation for the vendor’s approved MIL-DTL-24441, MIL-PRF-23236, or commercial anticorrosive coating being qualified with the antifouling topcoat(s).

3.2.6 System modifications. Given the long duration of selected tests, it is conceivable that certain commercial products may be modified over the course of the qualification process. The manufacturer shall note any changes.

Examples include, but are not limited to, paint VOC reductions or slight (less than 3 percent by weight) additive modifications/additions. It is not NAVSEA’s intent to discourage positive formulation changes; however, when specified (see 6.2), the manufacturer will provide a written certification and technical justification that such changes do not negatively affect the long-term properties of the material. Should the material properties discussed under tables II, III, or IV be affected, the new material shall be submitted, and the qualification process repeated.

3.2.7 Underwater hull cleaning. The vendor shall estimate the frequency and process for underwater hull cleaning. The vendor shall estimate the amount and type of coating damage that will result from completing the recommended hull cleaning processes when hard-shelled fouling organisms (e.g., barnacles, bryozoan, tube-worms, or oysters) are removed by cleaning. Estimates shall be based on cleaning a panel or hull when a minimum of

20 percent of the surface being cleaning is fouled with hard-shelled with vendor recommended cleaning equipment.

Unless approved prior to testing, mechanical cleaning shall not be allowed as a supplemental measure to satisfy any of the requirements of 3.4.4.

3.3 Material requirements. The paint systems furnished under this specification, when mixed and applied in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions, shall produce a coating that satisfies all the requirements of this specification. The composition of the paint furnished under this specification shall be the responsibility of the manufacturer, except as limited by this specification.

3.3.1 Types. The five types of antifouling topcoats will function in accordance with an identifiable release mechanism, as specified in 1.2.1.

3.3.2 Classes. See 1.2.2.

3.3.3 Grades. See 1.2.3.

3.3.4 Applications. Applications shall be as defined in 1.2.4.

3.3.5 Composition. The manufacturer is given a choice in the formulation of the paints described by this document, provided the end product conforms to all requirements of this specification. Soluble metals content and total metal content of each individual paint of the paint system shall be less than the values listed in tables II and III when tested in accordance with 4.4.11. Copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) contents listed in tables II and III do not apply to antifouling topcoat paints of Types I, II, and IV. Lead levels in antifouling topcoat paints of Types I, II, and IV shall be less than 600 mg/L of soluble lead and/or its compounds and less than 0.06 weight percent total lead and/or its compounds.

TABLE II. Soluble metals content.

Requirement Maximum (soluble), mg/L

Antimony and/or its compounds 15

Arsenic and/or its compounds 5

Barium and/or its compounds (excluding barite) 100

Beryllium and/or its compounds 0.75

Cadmium and/or its compounds 1

Chromium (VI) compounds 1

Chromium and/or chromium (III) compounds 560

Cobalt and/or its compounds 50

Copper and/or its compounds 25

Fluoride salts 180

Lead and/or its compounds 5

Mercury and/or its compounds 0.2

Molybdenum and/or its compounds 350

Nickel and/or its compounds 20

Selenium and/or its compounds 1

Silver and/or its compounds 5

Tantalum and/or its compounds 100

Thallium and/or its compounds 7

Tungsten and/or its compounds 100

Vanadium and/or its compounds 24

Zinc and/or its compounds 250

TABLE III. Total metals content.

Requirement Metals content (total), %WT maximum

Antimony and/or its compounds 0.015

Arsenic and/or its compounds 0.005

Barium and/or its compounds (excluding barite) 0.10

Beryllium and/or its compounds 0.0002

Cadmium and/or its compounds 0.0005

Chromium (VI) compounds 0.001

Chromium and/or chromium (III) compounds 0.56

Cobalt and/or its compounds 0.005

Copper and/or its compounds 0.01

Fluoride salts 0.18

Lead and/or its compounds 0.005

Mercury and/or its compounds 0.0002

Molybdenum and/or its compounds 0.35

Nickel and/or its compounds 0.02

Selenium and/or its compounds 0.002

Silver and/or its compounds 0.001

Tantalum and/or its compounds 0.10

Thallium and/or its compounds 0.007

Tungsten and/or its compounds 0.10

Vanadium and/or its compounds 0.01

Zinc and/or its compounds 0.25

3.3.5.1 Identification characteristics. Manufacturer shall disclose to the Government the identification characteristics required in table IV in accordance with the test method listed therein for each individual paint (mixed and individual components, as applicable) in the system. Paint identification characteristics listed in table IV, when tested in accordance with requirements in 3.4, shall conform to the values disclosed by the manufacturer.

3.3.5.2 Toxicity. The paint shall contain no detectable asbestos, asbestos from pigments, benzene, toluene, chlorinated solvents, hydrolyzable chlorine derivatives, coal tar or coal tar derivatives, tri-butyl tin compounds, or any ACGIH carcinogenic or ACGIH suspected carcinogenic compounds. Crystalline silica shall be limited to

0.1 percent by weight of the dry film (see 3.5).

3.3.5.3 Toxic products. When evaluated in accordance with 4.6 [the Health Hazard Assessment (HHA)], the paint shall have no adverse effect on the health of personnel when used for its intended purpose (see 4.6 and 6.6).

TABLE IV. Identification characteristics 1/

Criteria Applicable ASTM test method

Biocide (record – manufacturing range or variation, ±%, method used to determine) 2/ 6/

Volatiles (record – manufacturing range or variation, ±%) 3/

ASTM D2369

Nonvolatile vehicle (record – manufacturing range or variation, ±%) ASTM D2697

Consistency, gram equivalent KU (record – manufacturing range or variation, ±KU) ASTM D562

Weight per unit volume (record – manufacturing range or variation, ±g/L) ASTM D1475

Dry-to-touch time [record – maximum not to exceed 2 hours at 20 °C (68 °F), at

ASTM F718 film thickness]

ASTM D5895

Dry-hard time [record – maximum not to exceed 16 hours at 20 °C (68 °F), at

ASTM F718 film thickness]

ASTM D5895

Flash point [record – required minimum not less than 21 °C (70 °F)] ASTM D3278

Pot life (where applicable) (record – hours, temperatures) ---

Color

R0 1.8 4/

All other paint system colors

ASTM D1729

Infrared spectra of nonvolatile vehicle ASTM D2621

Sag resistance (record – minimum value) ASTM D4400

Toxicity 5/

Copper leach rate (Types II and IV only) 2/ 6/

ASTM D6442

Ablation/erosion rate (Types I and II only) 2/ 6/

ASTM D4938,

ASTM D4939, or as approved by

NAVSEA

Copper content (Types II and IV only) 2/

NOTES:

Manufacturing range percentages having variations of more than ±3%, without supporting documentation, will be rejected and can cause delay or rejection of qualification. When specified (see 6.2), manufacturers will provide documentation for any identification characteristics deemed non-applicable (i.e., dry–time for a tie-coat designed to be overcoated before completely drying). Also, should a test method not be applicable for the product, the manufacturer will record the data and the alternative test method used.

2/

Antifouling topcoats only.

3/

VOC shall be determined in accordance with 4.4.3.

4/

Determine in accordance with 4.4.8.

5/

Certify in accordance with 3.3.5.2.

6/

Value as determined by manufacturer.

3.4 Qualitative requirements. See table IV for required tests.

3.4.1 Color. Colors of the individual paints of the paint systems shall:

a. Be as reported by vendor as an identification characteristic for that paint, when tested in accordance with

4.4.8.1, for the colors of the individual anticorrosive and tie-coat paints, except R0 color paints.

b. For submarine service, have an Rw = 0.9±0.2, when measured in accordance with 4.4.8.2, for the R0 1.8 dark gray/black color anticorrosive topcoats of the paint system.

TABLE V. Tests.

Property Requirements Tests Conformance

Pigment (pesticide), % 3.3.5 & table IV ASTM D2371

Volatiles, % 3.3.5 & table IV ASTM D2369

Nonvolatile vehicle, % 3.3.5 & table IV ASTM D2697

Consistency, gram equivalent KU 3.3.5 & table IV ASTM D562 X

Weight per unit volume, g/L 3.3.5 & table IV ASTM D1475 X

Copper content of pigment, % 3.3.5 & table IV 1/ of table IV

Dry time, minimum 3.3.5 & table IV ASTM D5895 X

Flash point, °C 3.3.5 & table IV ASTM D3278 X

Infrared spectra of nonvolatile vehicle 3.3.5 & table IV ASTM D2621

Sag resistance 3.3.5 & table IV ASTM D4400

(Method A)

X

Lead content 3.3.5 & table IV ASTM D3335

Toxicity 3.3.5.2 4.6

Color 3.4.1, table IV, 3.8 4.4.8

Condition in container 3.4.3.4 4.4.4.4 X

Shelf life 3.4.3.1 4.4.4.1

Partially full container 3.4.3.2 4.4.4.2

Accelerated storage stability 3.4.3.3 4.4.4.3

Resistance to tropical biofouling

- Panel tests

- Ship tests

3.4.4.1

3.4.4.2

4.4.1.1

4.4.1.2

Spraying properties 3.4.5 4.4.5

Brushing properties 3.4.6 4.4.6

Rolling properties 3.4.7 4.4.7

Recoatability 3.4.8 4.4.2

Cathodic protection compatibility 3.4.9 4.4.9

Pressure cycling 3.4.10 4.4.10

3.4.3 Storage stability. A previously unopened, original container of paint, when stored and tested as required in 3.4.3.1 through 3.4.3.4, shall:

a. Readily mix with a mechanical mixer within 5 minutes to a smooth uniform condition.

b. Be free of grit(s), seed, tough or gummy sediment, skins, hard pigment settling, and persistent foam.

c. Not vary from the characteristics established by table IV by more than the following:

(1) Consistency – ten Kreb units (KU).

(2) Dry-to-touch and dry-hard times – 60 minutes.

(3) Color – see 3.4.1.a and 3.4.1.b.

(4) Each individual paint of the system shall be readily applied to the manufacturer’s ASTM F718 wet film thickness with no sagging, running, or streaking.

3.4.3.1 Shelf-life. An original, unopened can of each individual paint or component of the system shall meet the requirements of 3.4.3 when conditioned as specified in 4.4.4.1.

3.4.3.2 Partially full container. Each individual paint or component of the system shall meet the requirements of 3.4.3 when conditioned as specified in 4.4.4.2.

3.4.3.3 Accelerated storage stability. An original, unopened can of each individual paint or component of the system shall meet the requirements of 3.4.3 when conditioned as specified in 4.4.4.3.

3.4.3.4 Condition in container. When tested in accordance with 4.4.4.4, the coating system or components shall meet the requirements of 3.4.3.

3.4.4 Resistance to tropical biofouling organism attachment. Physical damage to the antifouling topcoat related to the toughness of the film to withstand immersion and fouling growth/release shall be considered as part of the percent of the total surface susceptible to marine fouling. Panel testing (3.4.4.1) and ship testing (3.4.4.2) may be done concurrently at the discretion of NAVSEA.

3.4.4.1 Panel tests.

3.4.4.1.1 Type I, type II, and type IV, all grades and classes, application 1 and 2 paints. Type I, Type II, and

Type IV, all grades and classes, Application 1 and 2 paints shall meet the following requirements when tested in accordance with 4.4.1.1.i:

a. The anticorrosive paint layer shall:

(1) Not be exposed at any point due to erosion of the antifouling paint.

(2) Be free of peeling or flaking and shall not be rated lower than 8 few for blistering.

b. The antifouling topcoat shall not be rated:

(1) Lower than 9 (any pattern type) for checking.

(2) Lower than 9 (any pattern type) for cracking to the anticorrosive coating.

(3) Lower than 8 few for blistering.

c. The fouling resistance (FR) rating of the antifouling topcoat shall not be less than 90 (slime excluded) at any time during the test.

3.4.4.1.2 Type I and type II, all grades and classes, application 3 paints. Type I and Type II, all grades and classes, Application 3 paints shall meet the requirements of 3.4.4.1.1, when tested in accordance with 4.4.1.1.h.

3.4.4.1.3 Type III, all grades, classes, and applications paints. Type III, all grades, classes, and applications paints shall meet the following requirements when tested in accordance with 4.4.1.1.i:

a. For those panels with more than 25 percent hard-fouling (i.e., barnacles, encrusting bryozoa, and tubeworms) after the static immersion period, 60 percent of this fouling shall release by a 20 knot velocity in channel flow testing.

b. 80 percent of the total panel surface shall be free of hard-fouling (i.e., barnacles, encrusting bryozoa, tunicates, and tubeworms) after each test run at 20 knots and 85 percent of the surface shall be free of hard-fouling after testing at 30 knots.

c. Areas shall not accumulate fouling over a 1-year cycle. Any hard-fouling not removed at the end of a test cycle shall be noted. This fouling in this area would be expected to grow over the next static immersion period.

Under the next flow channel cycle, this fouling shall be exposed to more significant hydrodynamic forces and be removed. This is to say, the 2 nd flow channel run shall remove any fouling left from the 1 st run, and the 3 rd run shall remove any fouling left after the 2 nd run, etc.

d. There shall be less than 1 percent of the antifouling coating affected by damage after the test period.

e. Type IIIa (only). There shall be 80 percent of the total panel surface free of hard-fouling (i.e., barnacles, encrusting bryozoa, tunicates, and tubeworms) after testing at a 10-knot velocity in flow channel testing.

3.4.4.2 Ship tests. Ship tests shall meet the requirements of 3.4.4.2.1 and 3.4.4.2.2 when tested in accordance with 4.4.1.2. Ratings will exclude areas (e.g., docking blocks) not coated with the antifouling materials.

3.4.4.2.1 Performance criteria. The test coating shall perform equal to or better than a qualified coating which is applied to the entire underwater hull for patch testing, or as a patch for full ship testing. Performance criteria include, but are not limited to, fouling control, ablation/erosion rate (if applicable), physical performance, and cleaning requirements.

3.4.4.2.2 Length of testing. Testing (patch or full ship) performed on any Government vessel shall be for

12 months minimum; commercial vessels shall be for 24 months minimum.

3.4.4.2.3 Service life determination. The Government will monitor the performance of qualified products on operational ships to establish compliance with the service life requirement for the appropriate application of the paint system, as specified in 1.2.4.

3.4.5 Spraying properties. Each individual paint of the paint system, when mixed in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions as listed on its corresponding ASTM F718 product data sheet, shall spray satisfactorily when tested as specified in 4.4.5. The dry film shall show no running, sagging, blooming, blushing, bubbling, cratering, dusting, floating, fogging, hazing, mottling, orange peel appearance, pinholing, seeding, or streaking.

3.4.6 Brushing properties. Each individual paint of the paint system, mixed in accordance with the

ASTM F718 product data sheet, shall brush easily and have good flowing and spreading qualities when tested as specified in 4.4.6. The dried film shall show no running, sagging, blooming, blushing, bubbling, cratering, dusting, floating, fogging, hazing, mottling, orange peel appearance, pinholing, seeding, or streaking.

3.4.7 Rolling properties. Each individual paint of the paint system, mixed in accordance with ASTM F718, shall roll easily and have good flowing and spreading qualities when tested as specified in 4.4.7. The dried film shall show no running, sagging, blooming, blushing, bubbling, cratering, dusting, floating, fogging, hazing, mottling, orange peel appearance, pinholing, seeding, or streaking.

3.4.8 Recoatability. When tested as specified in 4.4.2, a recoat layer of antifouling paint shall show no peeling, flaking, or delamination from the overcoated antifouling paint layer. The recoat layer shall also meet all the requirements of 3.4.4.1.1 for Type I, II, and IV paints and 3.4.4.1.3 for Type III and Type IIIa paints.

3.4.9 Cathodic protection (CP) compatibility. When tested as specified in 4.4.9, the test paint shall not peel, flake, blister, dissolve, or otherwise fail. Lifting of the antifouling from the primer around the drilled hole shall not exceed 12.7 millimeters (mm) [0.5 inches (in)]. This test shall not apply for coatings being qualified for Class 3

(elastomeric) substrates. Anticorrosive primers that have been tested and approved for CP compatibility in accordance with MIL-PRF-23236 need not be retested under this specification.

3.4.10 Pressure cycling. Pressure cycling shall be performed to determine compatibility of the qualifying paint system to Class 3 substrates for submarine service. NSWC-SSES Code 617 may be contacted for pressure cycling requirements.

3.5 Directions for use. The manufacturer shall provide written directions on each container for the mixing and applying of the paint supplied and this direction shall include all information necessary to comply with the OSHA

Hazard Communication Act and FED-STD-313. Requirements for ASTM F718 product data sheets shall be as specified (see 6.2).

3.6 EPA registration number. A U.S. EPA FIFRA antifouling paint registration number is required for all

Type I, II, and IV antifouling topcoat paints submitted for qualification to, or supplied to this specification. The container label shall be EPA-approved (see 5.1). The manufacturer qualifying a Class 1, Grade C and Class 3, Grade C antifouling topcoat paint may substitute a legal determination or EPA finding that the product does not require registration under the provisions of FIFRA.

3.7 Volatile organic content (VOC). The VOC of each individual paint in the paint system shall not exceed that allowed for the specific grade (see 3.3.3) for which qualification is being sought when tested in accordance with

4.4.3.

3.8 Workmanship. The material shall be produced in accordance with the best commercial practices and shall be of a quality necessary to ensure a uniform, packaged product in conformance with the requirements of section 3 when tested as specified in section 4. The paint described shall be suitable for the purpose intended (application to ship in dry-dock, under ambient condition, with conventional tools, and equipment).

3.9 Batch specific VOC certification. Manufacturer shall prepare label instructions in accordance with

29 CFR 1910. Each container shall be affixed with a hazardous chemical warning label in accordance with

29 CFR 1910.1200. To comply with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) National Emission Standards for

Hazardous Air Pollution (NESHAP) requirements for shipbuilding and ship repair, the following two statements shall appear on each paint-can label:

a. Certification that the paint in the container meets the NESHAP requirements for shipbuilding and ship repair.

b. Statement of the ratio of volatile content to solids expressed as grams of volatile organic hazardous air pollutants (VOHAP) per liter of solids.

4. VERIFICATION

4.1 Classification of inspections. The inspection requirements specified herein are classified as follows:

a. Qualification inspection (see 4.2).

b. Conformance inspection (see 4.3).

4.2 Qualification inspection. Qualification inspection shall consist of all tests specified in table IV and 4.5.

The products tested shall be materials drawn from regular production stocks. Testing of products on Government ships shall be conducted at the convenience of the Government.

4.3 Conformance inspection. Conformance inspection shall consist of the table V tests marked as such. Tests shall be performed on each lot offered for delivery in accordance to the requirements of this specification.

4.3.1 Lot. A lot shall consist of an individual paint of the paint system of the same type, class, grade, and application from a single uniform batch or a uniform blend of batches offered for delivery at one time.

4.3.1.1 Batch. A batch shall consist of a quantity of an individual paint of the paint system from a single finished product manufactured at the same time from the same units (sacks, cans, barrels, and so forth) or same supplier lot labeled ingredients.

4.3.2 Sampling. Two representative random samples from each lot shall be tested. The samples shall be packaged in separate containers. Minimum size for each sample shall be two containers of the size specified

(see 6.2). If one or more defects are found in any sample, the entire lot shall be rejected. The contractor has the option of screening 100 percent of the rejected lot for the rejected characteristic(s), or providing a new lot which shall be inspected as specified in 4.3.

4.4 Test methods (all types). Test methods shall be as listed in table IV or as otherwise specified herein. The requirements listed in table IV shall be tested in accordance with the applicable tests and test paragraphs listed therein. Results of tests shall be in accordance with the requirements paragraph listed in table IV or in the test paragraph.

4.4.1 Resistance to tropical biofouling organism attachment.

4.4.1.1 Panel test.

a. Tests shall be conducted in Biscayne Bay, Florida; Daytona Beach, Florida; or Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.

b. Tests shall include 12 test panels prepared for each paint system.

c. Test panels shall be as follows:

(1) Class 1 panels shall be made of the steel specified in ASTM A1011/A1011M and a minimum of

3.175 millimeters (⅛ inch) thick.

(2) Aluminum test panels for Class 2 testing shall be ASTM B209 (alloy 5086 H112) and a minimum of

6.35 mm (¼ inch) or as approved by NAVSEA.

(3) Test panels for Class 3 testing shall be of the material to which the coating is to be applied.

(4) Surface preparation of all steel test panels shall be in accordance with SSPC-SP 10/NACE No. 2 procedures; aluminum test panels shall be free of all contamination including dirt, grease, oil, and corrosion product;

and elastomeric substrates shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.

d. Paint thicknesses of each individual coating and the total system shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s ASTM F718 product data sheet.

e. Waterline immersion testing on six panels for each paint system shall be conducted in accordance with

ASTM D5479, and shallow submergence testing shall be conducted on the remaining six panels for each paint system in accordance with ASTM D3623 for Type I, II, and IV paints. All panels in these tests shall be under cathodic protection from a zinc anode. This shall be done with either an individual anode per panel or with a single anode of sufficient capacity to polarize the entire set of test samples. Rate as follows:

(1) Fouling shall be rated in accordance with ASTM D6990 (for the purposes of fouling rating, the rating shall be calculated by subtracting from 100 the percent of the surface area covered with fouling, not the sum of individual species present).

(2) Checking shall be rated in accordance with ASTM D660.

(3) Cracking shall be rated in accordance with ASTM D661.

(4) Blistering shall be rated in accordance with ASTM D714.

(5) Inspect for exposed anticorrosive paint, as appropriate. Fouling at the panel edges shall be neglected.

Of the six panels in each test (waterline and shallow immersion), three shall be left undisturbed, under immersion for the test duration. They shall not be rinsed in any fashion. The remainder may be removed on a regular schedule and rinsed with low pressure water [<350 kPa (50 psi)] for inspection. At the end of the requisite exposure period, all panels shall be low pressure rinsed, inspected, and rated.

f. Types I, II, and IV, all classes, all grades, Application 1 paints shall be tested for 12 months. Paint systems shall meet the requirements of 3.4.4.1.1.

g. Types I and II, all classes, all grades, Application 2 paints shall be tested for 24 months, with an evaluation made after 12 months. Paint systems shall meet the requirements of 3.4.4.1.1.

h. Types I and II, all classes, all grades, Application 3 paints shall be tested as in 4.4.1.1.g, and then show sufficient ablation/erosion rates (see table IV) to meet the service life requirement.

i. Testing of systems belonging to Type III, all classes, grades and applications shall be conducted as follows:

(1) The testing shall consist of test panels subjected to a static exposure for a 2-4 month period [in

Biscayne Bay, Florida; Daytona Beach, Florida; or Pearl Harbor, Hawaii followed by flow channel testing

(ASTM D4938)]. This process is one cycle. The total test shall include a minimum of 4 and a maximum of 8 cycles or extend nominally 1 to 2 years in duration. Testing shall be completed until at least one observation of 25 percent hard-fouling and one observation of 40 percent hard-fouling (i.e., barnacles, encrusting bryozoa, and tubeworms) occurs following the static period or the maximum of 8 test cycles are completed.

(2) Each test panel shall be 6 inches by 12 inches by 0.125 inches thick. Four panels shall be subjected to testing. Test panels shall be exposed nominally 1 meter below the waterline. The test surface shall face horizontal down. (Only one side of the panel shall serve as the test surface.) The backside of the panel shall be coated with a nontoxic material and secured in such a fashion to a backing plate to discourage fouling on this surface.

(3) For testing, the panel shall be removed from the static test site and immersed into a flow channel apparatus for testing in general accordance with ASTM D4938. Single-sided exposure of the test surface is acceptable. Should the flow channel not be co-located with the exposure site, transportation of the panels is acceptable provided that: (a) they are maintained in a wet condition immersed in a sample of the local seawater, and

(b) the transportation and flow channel testing can be initiated within 36 hours.

(4) Within the flow channel, two panels shall be installed in the test section with a maximum velocity of

20 knots. Two shall be installed in the section with a maximum velocity of 30 knots.

(5) The flow channel shall allow for incremental velocity testing up to the test speeds. The initial velocity

(in the 20-knot section) shall be in the range of 3-6 knots. Increments in the test velocity shall be about 8 percent.

The flow channel shall be run with fresh, natural seawater. A maximum temperature rise of 5 °C is allowed between the background temperature and the test temperature. The complete test run shall extend for 36 hours (nominally).

(6) At the conclusion of the flow channel run, the panels shall be removed from the test, photographed, and returned to the static exposure site. Panel shall remain wet in seawater during all phases of testing and transportation.

j. Type IIIa shall be tested as above for Type III paints, except that the flow channel velocity shall be 10 knots.

4.4.1.2 Ship test. Ship tests (patch and full) shall:

a. Have individual paints of the total system applied and cured in accordance with the requirements of the manufacturer’s ASTM F718 product data sheet for those products (see 3.3).

b. Have the test ship(s) operate in high biofouling tropical or sub-tropical areas such as the Caribbean, Mediterranean, or Western Pacific. Ship antifouling coatings shall not be underwater scrubbed or otherwise maintained. Data from ships subject to underwater hull cleaning shall not be accepted.

c. Have ship inspections conducted in accordance with ASTM F1130. Rating of waterborne ships shall be in accordance with standard industry practices. Record:

(1) Checking in accordance with ASTM D660.

(2) Cracking in accordance with ASTM D661.

(3) Blistering in accordance with ASTM D714.

d. Biofouling or physical failure due to verifiable physical damage that has removed the anticorrosive paint to the steel hull or removed the antifouling paint to the anticorrosive layers may be subtracted from the percentage area biofouled or anticorrosive paint failure.

e. Have patch tests of 3 meters (10 feet) in width (minimum) located amidships with underwater hull systems running from the keel to the heavy load line and boottop systems running from the heavy load line to the light load line. Patch tests shall include:

(1) A 3-meter (10-foot) wide (minimum) section of the antifouling component of the paint system being qualified, applied over a standard NAVSEA-approved antifouling system.

(2) A 3-meter (10-foot) wide (minimum) section of a NAVSEA-approved antifouling system, for comparison, if a NAVSEA-approved antifouling system is not applied to the test ship. This shall be of the same class and type as the system being qualified (i.e., one shall use a Type I, Class 1 coating as a control for a Type I, Class 1 qualification process.)

(3) Manufacturer commercial ship patch tests shall be on commercial, Military Sealift Command (MSC), Maritime Administration (MARAD), or other Government agency ships. The application and inspections shall be certified and verified by a disinterested third party mutually agreed on by NAVSEA and the paint vendor and shall be at the vendor’s cost. The ship operations (travel routes, ports, times in port, and lay-up times) shall be recorded.

(4) Tests of paint systems intended for elastomeric substrates shall be conducted only on Government ships having extensive elastomeric surfaces.

f. Full ship applications shall consist of a full hull application of the manufacturer’s total commercial system, except that the following shall be included:

(1) Unless waived by NAVSEA, there shall be a control paint system applied consisting of a system chosen from the qualified products list (QPL) of this specification, or as otherwise approved by NAVSEA. This control paint system shall be applied to provide a comparator for the test system.

(2) Commercial, MSC, MARAD, or other Government agency ships applications and inspections must be certified and verified by a disinterested third party mutually agreed on by NAVSEA and the paint vendor at the vendor’s cost. The ship operations shall be certified and verifiable with travel, port time, and lay-up times documented.

(3) The application and inspections of full ship applications to Government ships shall be at a Naval shipyard or under Navy contract at a commercial shipyard. The application shall be inspected by a Navy representative at Navy cost.

g. Paints in service on Navy ships will be monitored by the Government for 2, 5, 7, or 12 years, as appropriate. Paints shall meet the requirements of 3.4.4.2.3.

4.4.2 Recoatability.

4.4.2.1 Types I, II, and IV. Two panels from each set of test systems shall be retrieved from those tested in

4.4.1.1 after completion of the required test. These panels shall be removed from test and shall be cleaned for a period not to exceed 2 minutes with freshwater at a nominal pressure of 15,000 to 20,000 kPa (2175 to 2900 psi).

Test panels shall not be allowed to dry between being removed from test and the pressure cleaning. Dry for 24 hours at ambient conditions. Recoat one-half of each test panel with one coat of the same topcoat as originally used.

Recoating shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s ASTM F718 instructions. Application and curing of this recoat paint film shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s ASTM F718 instructions. The recoated panels shall be immersed for 3 months as specified in 4.4.1.1.e. Rate as specified in 4.4.1.1.e. Test paints shall meet the requirements of 3.4.8.

4.4.2.2 Types III and IIIa. Two panels of each set of test systems shall be retrieved from those tested in 4.4.1.1, after completion of the required test. These panels shall be removed from test and shall be cleaned for a period not to exceed 2 minutes with freshwater at a nominal pressure of 15,000 to 20,000 kPa (2175 to 2900 psi). Test panels shall not be allowed to dry between being removed from test and the pressure cleaning. Dry for 24 hours at ambient conditions. Recoat one-half of each test panel with one coat of the same topcoat as originally used. Recoating shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s ASTM F718 instructions. Application and curing of this recoat paint film shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s ASTM F718 instructions. The recoated panels shall be tested for

3 months as specified in 4.4.1.1.i. Rate as specified in 4.4.1.1.i. Test paints shall meet the requirements of 3.4.8.

4.4.3 Volatile organic content (VOC). VOC shall be determined in accordance with EPA Method 24

(40 CFR 60). The VOC of each paint shall comply with the requirements of table IV and 3.7.

4.4.4 Storage stability.

4.4.4.1 Shelf life. Store an original, unopened container of each individual paint or component of the system for two years under warehouse conditions, at or below 27 °C (80 °F), and at or below 50 percent relative humidity.

Original, unopened containers of Type III and Type IIIa paints shall be stored for up to one year under the same warehouse conditions. Paints shall conform to the requirements in 3.4.3.1.

4.4.4.2 Partially full container. Expose a sealed, two-thirds full container [4 liters (1 gallon) or less] of each individual paint or component of the system for 7 days at 60 °C (140 °F). Paints shall conform to the requirements in 3.4.3.2.

4.4.4.3 Accelerated storage stability. Expose an original, unopened container of each individual paint or component of the system to a temperature of 60 °C (140 °F) (nominal) continually for 30 days. Paints shall conform to the requirements in 3.4.3.3.

4.4.4.4 Condition in container. Condition in container shall be determined in accordance with FED-STD-141, Method 3011.3. Paint shall meet the requirements of 3.4.3.4.

4.4.5 Spraying properties. Each individual paint of the paint system shall be mixed in accordance with the manufacturer’s ASTM F718 product data sheet. Using the manufacturer’s ASTM F718 designated spray equipment, spray each paint onto individual ground-glass panels to the manufacturer’s ASTM F718 recommended wet film thickness. The panel shall be observed for spraying properties. The dry film shall be inspected for running, sagging, blooming, blushing, bubbling, cratering, dusting, floating, fogging, hazing, mottling, orange peel appearance, pinholing, seeding, or streaking. The test results for each individual paint shall meet the requirements of 3.4.5.

4.4.6 Brushing properties. Each individual paint of the paint system shall be mixed in accordance with the manufacturer’s ASTM F718 product data sheet. Using the manufacturer’s ASTM F718 designated equipment, brush each paint onto individual ground-glass panels to the manufacturer’s ASTM F718 recommended wet film thickness. The brushing properties of the paint shall be determined. The dry film shall be inspected for running, sagging, blooming, blushing, bubbling, cratering, dusting, floating, fogging, hazing, mottling, orange peel appearance, pinholing, seeding, or streaking. The test results for each individual paint shall meet the requirements of 3.4.6.

4.4.7 Rolling properties. Each individual paint of the paint system shall be mixed in accordance with the manufacturer’s ASTM F718 product data sheet. Using the manufacturer’s ASTM F718 designated equipment, roll each paint onto individual ground-glass panels to the manufacturer’s ASTM F718 recommended wet film thickness.

The rolling properties of the paint shall be determined. The dry film shall be inspected for running, sagging, blooming, blushing, bubbling, cratering, dusting, floating, fogging, hazing, mottling, orange peel appearance, pinholing, seeding, or streaking. The test results for each individual paint shall meet the requirements 3.4.7.

4.4.8 Color.

4.4.8.1 Anticorrosive, tie-coat paints. Red antifouling topcoats shall be visually consistent with the pigments used. The color of black and gray antifouling topcoat paints and individual paints (except anticorrosive topcoats in

R0 colors) shall be determined. Use at least three standard illuminants to compare the color. In case of doubt, color differences (delta L, delta a, and delta b) shall be determined in accordance with ASTM D2244 using a D-65 light source, a 45-degree illumination angle, and a 0-degree viewing angle. Color shall be in accordance with the requirements of 3.4.1.a.

4.4.8.2 Color of camouflage R0 anticorrosive paints. Test panels of each R0 dark gray/black color paint shall be prepared and allowed to cure at least 24 hours before testing. The ASTM D2244 LH value color of the R0 anticorrosive topcoats shall be determined in accordance with ASTM E1347. Before measuring the color, wet the surface of the painted test panel with water to which a small amount of colorless surfactant has been added (a water solution containing less than 1 percent surfactant).