140L5722Q0016_Attachment_01_SOW_Specifications_Drawings_Photos.pdf

Jurassic National Monument Trail Maintenance

Scope of Work

Overview

The intent of the contract is to provide for the construction and completion of the work described. The precise details of performing the work are not stipulated except as considered essential for the successful completion of the work. Furnish all labor, material, equipment, tools, transportation, and supplies necessary to complete the work according to the contract.

The Jurassic National Monument (JNM) was established March 12, 2019, by the John D. Dingell, Jr. Conservation, Management and Recreation Act. Visitation to the monument has increased since the designation as a national monument. Providing adequate trail infrastructure to meet the needs of diverse user groups will avoid conflicts that have had adverse effects on both users and natural resources in other areas. Jurassic age fossils may be present.

The purpose of this project is to provide improved recreational opportunities at the Jurassic National Monument.

The trails should be constructed primarily for hiking activities. Trail design and construction must employ proven sustainability techniques that ensure trails shed water, self-compact, and do not cause erosion.

Section 1 – Scope of work

The goal of the project is to improve the existing trail system to accommodate the increase in visitation at the

Monument as well as to increase education opportunities. The projects scope of work consists of up to 5,550 feet of native surface trail redesign and construction with an emphasis on sustainability and a short segment of new trail construction. In partnership with the BLM, the contractor will be expected to maximize the potential of the landscape hosting the trail network. Creativity is encouraged.

The Rock Walk trail is an existing trail that is approximately 6,410 feet long. The trail should have an average width of 36 inches with an average slope of 10% or less and a maximum slope of 15%. To provide for an easy trail experience. The existing trail is approximately 6,410 feet long and meanders through relatively open terrain following ridges and washes. The elevation varies from 5,670 feet to 5,754 feet (please see attached elevation profile). Approximately 50% of the trail needs rerouting or rehabilitation because it does not meet sustainable trail standards. Vegetation in the area is limited, however, Jurassic age fossils may be present.

The Raptor Point trail is an existing trail that is approximately 1,760 feet long from the quarry buildings to a viewpoint. The trail should have an average width of 24 inches with an average slope of 15% or less and have a maximum slope of 15% for stretches up to 20 feet. The elevation change is from the quarry building at approximately 5,757 feet to an overlook at 5,937 feet. Approximately 360 feet of the trail needs to rehabilitate to properly drain precipitation and 1,400 feet of trail needs to be reconstructed to conform to sustainable trail standards. The trail works its way up in elevation through sparsely vegetated rocky terrain.

The Rock Walk Shortcut trail is approximately 550 feet long. The trail should have an average width of 24 inches with an average slope of 10% or less and a maximum slope of 15%. The majority of the trail resides in the wash but should be rerouted and bench cut into the slope above the wash. The elevation of the trail drops from approximately 5,731 feet to 5,689 feet.

Section 2 - Trail Construction Methodology

Trail design must be guided by the sustainable trail principles promulgated by accepted resources such as the current editions of the Trail Solutions: IMBA’s Guide to Building Sweet Singletrack and the Standard Specifications for Construction of Trails and Trail Bridges for BLM Lands (USFS, 2014).

Trails constructed as part of this project shall be natural surface singletrack trail

All tread should be constructed as full bench whenever possible (please see full bench cut example in Appendix

A). If fill is required, it should be supported by a stone retaining wall. All rock embedded in the trail surface should be stable. Please refer to (USFS, 2014 section 935) for additional information related to retaining walls.

Use and Disposal of Excavated Material

Remove all debris from within trailway limits and uniformly spread outside the clearing limits, not more than 4 inches in depth (unless otherwise identified). Do not obstruct drainage or create piles, berms, or windrows of debris. Place excess and unsuitable excavation beyond the downslope edge of the trail tread. Do not obstruct drainage and spread to a depth not exceeding 4 inches. This includes any material removed in the grubbing operation and deposited in the same area. Place rocks over 4 inches in greatest dimension not used in construction beyond the hinge point on the downslope side. Place rocks so that the tops are at least 6 inches lower than the trail tread surface. Ensure that no blockage of drainage or creation of a windrow effect occurs (please refer to

USFS, 2014 subsection 911.10.03)

Turns

A turn is defined as a change-of-direction that turns more than 90 degrees across the local landscape. All turns must include an entrance and exit rolling grade dip. Please refer to (USFS, 2014 section 914) concerning construction and maintenance of climbing turns and switchbacks, including excavation, furnishing, hauling, and placing rock and aggregate, compacting aggregate surfacing, and associated barriers, ditches, retaining walls, and approach sections.

Construction may require switchbacks, please refer to (USFS, 2014 section 931) for additional information.

Existing Trail Restoration

This work consists of restoring the original trail template, including clearing, removing slough and berm, borrow, filling ruts and troughs, reshaping backslopes, excavation, reshaping trail tread, restoring drainage and other trail structures, constructing check dams, and removing protruding rocks, roots, stumps, slough, and berms.

Restore drainage dips and ditches to reestablish drainage by removing obstructions to make ditches and culverts free draining.

Trailway Excavation and Embankment

Minor deviations of ± 12 inches in vertical alignment and 36 inches in horizontal alignment with smooth transitions of at least 30 feet on each side of the deviation are acceptable unless otherwise identified. Construct embankments with suitable compacted material (see USFS, 2014 subsection 911.10.04). Compact all disturbed soil within the trail tread area. Remove any rock within or above the backslopes that is unstable. Use or dispose of rock in accordance with USFS, 2014 subsection 912.03. Leave the finished slope in a uniform and roughened condition (see USFS, 2014 subsection 911.10.04)

Loose Rock Removal

Remove surface rocks that are larger than 2 inches at their greatest dimension, and rocks that project more than

2 inches above the surface of the trail tread, when removal can be accomplished by hand or when rocks can be pried out with a pick mattock, shovel, pry bar, or similar tool. Where the trail tread consists predominantly of rock with little or no soil present, remove loose rock in excess of 3 inches.

Shatter any protruding rocks in trail tread that are too large to be pried out with a pick and bar by using either a rock sledge or explosives. Remove the protrusion down to the level of the tread surface. Fill any resulting depressions with suitable material and compact by tamping. If rock removed is not needed for other items of maintenance work, scatter the rock by side-casting to the lower side of the trailway and beyond the clearing limits and distribute rock to ensure that no blockage of drainage or creation of windrow occurs. Please see USFS, 2014 subsection 912.5 for more information regarding rock removal.

Drainage

On side slopes where water can drain away from the trail tread, provide a sufficient depth of borrow material to obtain an out slope of 5%. Compact all material placed. Cover any culvert surfaces that have become exposed with a minimum depth of 6 inches of suitable material over the full length of the exposed culvert and of sufficient length along the trail to present a uniform trail grade.

If washing or ponding of water has been or is occurring, dig a shallow ditch or apron sloped 2 percent to 5 percent to the downstream side of the trail and 3 inches minimum deep and 12 inches minimum wide across the trail at the point where water enters the trail. please refer to USFS, 2014 section 927 for additional details.

Construction may require culverts for drainage, please refer to USFS, 2014 section 921 for additional information.

Construction may require drainage ditches, please refer to USFS, 2014 section 925 for additional information.

Construction may require berms for water mitigation, please refer to USFS, 2014 section 926 for additional information.

Barriers

Construction may require side barriers, please refer to USFS, 2014 section 933 for additional information.

Stairways

Construction may require stairways, please refer to USFS, 2014 section 936 for additional information.

Temporary Construction Access

The government may provide temporary access for the contractor from another route or trail other than the trail being constructed. The contractor will be responsible for maintaining the temporary access, removing and rehabilitating the temporary access route and any damaged area after construction is completed (see USFS, 2014 subsection 909.2.01)

1) Trail design summary

a) Basic trail parameters: Trail design should include features to maximize durability and sustainability.

i) Finished tread shall be 24”-36” wide depending on desired trail difficulty and desired user experience.

Desired trail widths specified for individual trails under Section 1-Scope of Work

ii) Average trail grades should be 10%; stretches 15’-20’ long may reach 15% grade

iii) Frequent grade reversals should be incorporated to facilitate drainage

iv) Tread out slope should be 5%, except on in-sloped turns

b) Field Assessments: Contractor awarded the bid to design this trail system is expected to make field observations and assessments as to slope angles, general landscape features, vegetation, soils, surface hydrology, and any existing geo hazards that might affect feasibility and cost of trail construction. An “on the ground” field assessment of any proposed trail alignment is required. Flagging placed at a minimum of 50’ intervals along proposed trail alignments is mandatory for final inspection of proposed layout.

2) Trail construction summary

a) Basic trail parameters: Trail design should include features to maximize durability and sustainability.

i) Finished tread shall be 24”-36” wide depending on trail difficulty and desired user experience. Desired trail widths specified for individual trails under Section 1-Scope of Work

ii) Trail tread finish should be uniform, holes in the trail tread should be filled with suitable material, compacted, and high points should be cut

iii) Average trail grades should be 10%; stretches 15’-20’ long may reach 15% grade

iv) Frequent grade reversals should be incorporated to facilitate drainage

v) Tread out slope should be 5%

3) Drainage features: Trail will feature a rolling contour design using regular grade reversals with an out-slope of

3-5% in order to facilitate drainage. Rolling grade dips, as defined by industry standards may be installed where necessary to further promote appropriate drainage and prevent storm water erosion (please see

Appendix A for an example and specifications of a rolling grade dip).

a) Rolling grade dips, as defined by industry standards may be installed where necessary to further promote appropriate drainage and prevent storm water erosion (please see Appendix A for an example and specifications of a rolling grade dip).

b) On existing trails, Knicks may be constructed to effectively drain water off the trail (please see Appendix

A for an example and specifications of a knick).

c) Side drainages, where they exist, may need hardening or other treatments shall be identified in the design whenever possible.

d) Borrow sites must be free draining and have backslopes no steeper than 1 1/3:1 (please see USFS, 2014 subsection 911.20.03)

4) Rocks & Obstacles: Rock outcrops or impediments encountered during trail construction may need breaking, blasting and removal need to be identified along with associated costs.

5) Maintenance for Traffic: Keep existing trails that are undergoing improvements open and maintained in such a condition as to safely accommodate traffic. Provide and maintain temporary detours, approaches, or crossings and intersections with trails, roads, businesses, parking lots, and campgrounds in a safe and passable condition. Perform no work that interferes or conflicts with traffic until a plan for handling traffic has been submitted and approved.

Before any suspension of work, take precautions necessary to prevent damage to the project, such as temporary detours, approaches, crossings, or intersections, and make provisions for normal drainage and to minimize erosion. Leave all trailways in a condition suitable for traffic unless otherwise specified.

The Government may permit use of portions of the project during periods when operations are shut down.

All maintenance attributable to permitted use during periods of work suspension will be provided by the

Government. The contractor is responsible for any maintenance that is not attributable to use or that is necessary during suspensions resulting from fault or negligence of the contractor.

Applicable Design features from the Environmental Assessment.

• A 50-foot maintenance corridor (25 feet each way of the trail alignment centerline) would be allowed for each designated trail segment. The 50-foot corridor is based on the need to provide trail maintenance and move the trail tread within the corridor to provide a safer and more sustainable trail tread where segments have become entrenched or otherwise impassable while avoiding and protecting potential paleontological resources.

• If a trail reroute is necessary within the 50-foot maintenance corridor (25 feet from current trail alignment centerline on either side the BLM will conduct surveys for paleontological and cultural resources 25 feet from the centerline on both sides of the new trail alignment with the intent to avoid sensitive resources.

Prior to construction paleontological and cultural inventories would be reviewed to identify known sites

• The trails would have a maximum travel surface of four feet wide to provide for 2-way traffic along steep slopes. The majority of trail would be approximately 2 feet in width

• Interpretation would be placed along the trail at points of interest to highlight unique paleo resources found at the monument and share a message to encourage visitors to respect and protect the resources.

• Overburden would be evenly broadcast downslope of the trail to blend in with the surrounding landscape as well as possible.

• New trail segments would follow the contours of the landscape as much as possible to avoid erosion and blend in with the landscape as well as possible.

• New trail sections would utilize a full bench cut and be out sloped (5 percent recommended) whenever possible to encourage water to sheet across and off the trail.

• Where armoring is used to stabilize tread, foot traffic will be taken into consideration. Alternative (man-made) products may be used. Crushed and compacted rock may be used where necessary. The color of the material would be selected to match the landscape as best as possible.

• Rolling grade dips and knicks would be used to properly shed water from the trail tread.

• Monitoring and treatment of invasive species will be implemented on an on-going basis.

• Preserve as much vegetation as possible to minimize erosion.

• If any vertebrate paleontological resources are observed, work will be stopped, and the field office paleontologist or state paleontologist will be notified.

RECLAMATION PLAN

• Existing trail segments replaced by the new routes or abandoned trail segments would be closed, rehabilitated, and monitored.

• For soil disturbing actions which will require reclamation, salvage, and stockpile all available growth medium prior to surface disturbances. Seed stockpiles if they are to be left for more than one growing season. Re-contour all disturbance areas to blend as nearly as possible with the natural topography prior to re-vegetation. De-compact all compacted portions of the disturbance to an appropriate depth based on site characteristics. Establish an adequate seed bed to provide good seed-to-soil contact.

• Where appropriate, inspect source sites such as borrow pits, fill sources, or gravel pits used to supply inorganic materials used for construction, maintenance, or reclamation to ensure they are free of plant species listed on the Utah noxious weed list or specifically identified by the Green River District Office. Inspections will be conducted by a weed scientist or qualified botanist/biologist. Non-native and noxious weed infestations would be controlled with herbicide treatments.

• To minimize the transport of soil-borne noxious weed seeds, roots, or rhizomes, infested soils or materials will not be moved and redistributed on weed-free or relatively weed-free areas. In areas where infestations are identified or noted and infested soils, rock, or overburden must be moved, these materials will be salvaged and stockpiled adjacent to the area from which they were stripped. Appropriate measures will be taken to minimize wind and water erosion of these stockpiles. During reclamation, the materials will be returned to the area from which they were stripped.

• Determine seed mixes on a site-specific basis dependent on the probability of successful establishment. Use native and adapted species that compete with annual invasive species or meet other objectives.

• Generally, conduct reclamation with native seeds that are representative of the indigenous species present in the adjacent habitat. Document rationale for potential seeding with selected nonnative species. Possible exceptions would include use of nonnative species for a temporary cover crop to out-compete weeds. In all cases, ensure seed mixes are approved by the BLM Weeds

Specialist prior to planting.

References

Webber, P. (2004). Trail solutions: IMBA’s guide to building sweet singletrack. International Mountain

Bicycling Association, Colorado, U.S.A.

USFS (2014). Standard Specifications for Construction of Trails and Trail Bridges on Forest Service

Projects. Available at: https://www.fs.fed.us/recreation/programs/trail management/documents/plans/supporting_documents/Trail_Specifications.pdf

Appendix A Trail Construction Design Features

Figure 1: Bench cut design (Used with permission of the International Mountain Biking Association)

Figure 2: Rolling grade dip design (Used with permission of the International Mountain Biking Association)

Figure 3: Knick design features (Used with permission of the International Mountain Biking Association)

Maps and Pictures

Contents 1: Elevation Profiles

2: Jurassic National Monument Trails Current Conditions

3: Jurassic National Monument Trails Desired Conditions

4: Over view Map

1: Elevation Profiles

Raptor Point Trail

Rock Walk Trail

Short Cut Trail

2: Jurassic National Monument Trails Current Conditions Raptor Point Lower (near desired conditions, trail is channeled)

Raptor Point Upper (water mitigation and trail tread width less than desired conditions)

Rock Walk (bench cut needs improvement)

Rock Walk (trail is nearly indistinct at points)

Rock Walk (near desired conditions, channeled)

Rock Walk (near desired conditions, bench cut could be improved)

Rock Walk (near desired conditions)

Rock Walk (less than desired condition, improved water mitigation needed)

3: Jurassic National Monument Trails Desired Conditions

4: Over view Map