FSSS_August Fire CG Road Repairs.pdf

Forest Service Supplemental Specifications (FSSS) to the

Standard Specifications for Construction of Roads and Bridges on Federal Highways (FP-14)

Table of Contents

Preface

101 - Terms¸ Format¸ and Definitions

101.01 Meaning of Terms

101.03 Abbrevia�ons

101.04 Defini�ons

102 - Bid¸ Award¸ and Execution of Contract

Delete Sec�on 102

103 - Scope of Work

Delete Subsec�ons 103.02, 103.03, 103.04, 103.05

104 - Control of Work

Delete Subsec�ons 104.01, 104.02, 104.04

104.06 Use of Roads by Contractor

105 - Control of Material

105.02(c) Contractor-located sources

105.05 Use of Material Found in the Work

106 - Acceptance of Work

106.01 Conformity with Contract Requirements

106.02 Visual Inspec�on

108 - Prosecution and Progress

Delete Sec�on 108

155 - Schedules for Construction Contracts

Delete Sec�on 155

157 - Soil Erosion and Sediment Control

157.04 General

201 - Clearing and Grubbing

201.04 Clearing

201.06 Disposal

203 - Removal of Structures and Obstructions

203.04 (b) General

203.05 Disposing of Material

204 - Excavation and Embankment

Sec�on 204. — EXCAVATION AND EMBANKMENT

301 - Untreated Aggregate Courses

301.03 General

301.05 Compac�ng

303 - Road Reconditioning

303.07 Roadway Recondi�oning

411 - Asphalt Prime Coat

411.05 Weather Limita�ons

411.08 Maintenance

411.09 Acceptance

412 - Asphalt Tack Coat

412.05 Weather Limita�ons

413 - Asphalt Pavement Milling

413.01 Descrip�on

413.03 Milling

413.05 Measurement

413.06 Payment

602 - Culverts and Drains

602.05 Laying Metal Pipe

602.05 Laying Metal Pipe

703 - Aggregate

703.05 (c) Surface course aggregate. (3) Plas�c Index

703.05 Subbase, Base, Surface Course, and Screened Aggregate

705 - Rock

705.02 Riprap. Table 705-1

Preface Preface_wo_10_16_2023

Delete all but the first paragraph and add the following:

The Forest Service, US Department of Agriculture has adopted FP-14 for construction of National Forest System Roads.

101 - Terms¸ Format¸ and Definitions 101.01_National_11_9_2016

Add the following paragraph to Subsection 101.01:

101.01 Meaning of Terms.

Delete all references to the TAR (Transporta�on Acquisi�on Regula�ons) in the specifica�ons.

101.03_National_11_9_2016

Add the following to Subsection 101.03:

101.03 Abbrevia�ons.

(a) Acronyms.

AGAR — Agriculture Acquisi�on Regula�ons

AFPA — American Forest and Paper Associa�on

FSAR — Forest Service Acquisi�on Regula�ons

MSHA — Mine Safety and Health Administra�on

NESC — Na�onal Electrical Safety Code

WCLIB — West Coast Lumber Inspec�on Bureau

(f) Miscellaneous unit abbrevia�ons.

MP — milepost loca�on ppm — parts per million volume

STA sta�on loca�on

101.04_National_1_22_2020

Make the following changes to Subsection 101.04:

101.04 Defini�ons.

Delete these definitions and replace the following:

Bid Schedule — The Schedule of Items.

Bridge — A structure, including supports, erected over a depression or an obstruc�on such as water along a road, a trail, or a railway and having a deck for carrying traffic or other loads.

Contractor — The individual or legal en�ty contrac�ng with the Government for performance of prescribed work. In a �mber sale contract, the contractor is the “Purchaser”.

Culvert — Any structure with a botom, regardless of fill depth, depth of invert burial, or presence of horizontal driving surface, or any botomless (natural channel) structure with foo�ngs that will not have wheel loads in direct contact with the top of the structure.

Drawings — (Public Works Contracts) Design sheets or fabrica�on, erec�on, or construc�on details submited to the CO by the Contractor according to FAR Clause 52.236-21 Specifica�ons and Drawings for Construc�on. Also refers to submissions and submitals.

No�ce to Proceed — (Public Works Contracts) Writen no�ce to the Contractor to begin the contract work.

Right-of-Way — A general term deno�ng (1) the privilege to pass over land in some par�cular line (including easement, lease, permit, or license to occupy, use, or traverse public or private lands), or (2) Real property necessary for the project, including roadway, buffer areas, access, and drainage areas.

Solicita�on—(Public Works Contracts) The complete assembly of documents (whether atached or incorporated by reference) furnished to prospec�ve bidders.

Add the following definitions:

Adjustment in Contract Price — “Equitable adjustment,” as used in the Federal Acquisi�on Regula�ons, or “construc�on cost adjustment,” as used in the Timber Sale Contract, as applicable.

Change — “Change” means “change order” as used in the Federal Acquisi�on Regula�ons, or “design change” as used in the Timber Sale Contract.

Forest Service — The United States of America, ac�ng through the Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Neat Line — A line defining the proposed or specified limits of an excava�on or structure.

Pioneer Road — Temporary construc�on access built along the route of the project.

Purchaser — The individual, partnership, joint venture, or corpora�on contrac�ng with the Government under the terms of a Timber Sale Contract and ac�ng independently or through agents, employees, or subcontractors.

Protected Streamcourse — A drainage shown on the plans or �mber sale area map that requires designated mi�ga�on measures.

Road Order — An order affec�ng and controlling traffic on roads under Forest Service jurisdic�on. Road Orders are issued by a designated Forest Officer under the authori�es of 36 CFR, part 260.

Shop Drawings — (Timber and Stewardship Contracts) Referred to as “Drawings” in FP-14, include drawings, diagrams, layouts, schema�cs, descrip�ve literature, illustra�ons, lists or tables, performance and test data, and similar materials furnished by Purchaser to explain in detail specific por�ons of the work required by the contract.

U�liza�on Standards —

The minimum size and percent soundness of trees described in Public Works contract specifica�ons or Timber Sale and IRTC contract provisions to determine merchantable �mber.

Add Figure 101-1—Illustration of road structure terms:

Figure 101-1—Illustra�on of road structure terms.

102 - Bid¸ Award¸ and Execution of Contract 102.00_National_11_9_2016

Delete Section 102 in its entirety.

Delete Sec�on 102.

103 - Scope of Work 103.00_National_11_9_2016

Delete all of Section 103 except Subsection 103.01 Intent of Contract.

Delete Subsec�ons 103.02, 103.03, 103.04, 103.05.

See Statement of Work and Project Plans and Specifica�ons

104 - Control of Work 104.00_National_11_9_2016

Delete Subsections 104.01, 104.02, and 104.04.

Delete Subsec�ons 104.01, 104.02, 104.04.

104.06_National_11_9_2016

Add the following to Subsection 104.06:

104.06 Use of Roads by Contractor.

The Contractor is authorized to use roads under the jurisdic�on of the Forest Service for all ac�vi�es necessary to complete this contract, subject to the limita�ons and authoriza�ons designated in the Road Order(s) or described in the contract, when such use will not damage the roads or na�onal forest resources, and when traffic can be accommodated safely.

105 - Control of Material 105.02_National_11_1_2016

Add the following to Subsection 105.02c:

105.02(c) Contractor-located sources.

All material (e.g., soil, gravel, sand, borrow, aggregate, etc.) transported onto Na�onal Forest System land or incorporated into the work shall be weed-free. The Contrac�ng Officer may request writen documenta�on of methods used to determine the weed-free status of any and all materials furnished by the contractor.

Contractor-provided exper�se and methods to establish weed-free status must be appropriate for the weeds of concern in the local area

105.05_National_6_29_2020

105.05 Use of Material Found in the Work.

Delete 105.05 (a) and (b) and the last sentence of the second paragraph and subs�tute the following:

Materials produced or processed from Government lands in excess of the quan��es required for performance of this contract are the property of the Government. Place excess material safely at government-approved loca�on, at no addi�onal cost to government.

106 - Acceptance of Work 106.01_National_7_18_2017

Delete Subsection 106.01 and replace with the following:

106.01 Conformity with Contract Requirements.

Follow the requirements of FAR Clause 52.246-12 Inspec�on of Construc�on.

References to standard test methods of AASHTO, ASTM, GSA, and other recognized standard authori�es refer to the methods in effect on the date of solicita�on for bids.

Perform all work to the lines, grades, cross-sec�ons, dimensions, and processes or material requirements shown on the plans or specified in the contract.

Incorporate manufactured materials into the work according to the manufacturer’s recommenda�ons or to these specifica�ons, whichever is more strict.

Plan dimensions and contract specifica�on values are the values to be strived for and complied with as the design values from which any devia�ons are allowed. Perform work and provide material that is uniform in character and reasonably close to the prescribed value or within the specified tolerance range. The purpose of a tolerance range is to accommodate occasional minor varia�ons from the median zone that are unavoidable for prac�cal reasons.

When standard manufactured items are specified (such as fence, wire, plates, rolled shapes, pipe conduits, etc., that are iden�fied by gauge, unit mass, sec�on dimensions, etc.), the iden�fica�on will be considered to be nominal masses or dimensions. Unless specific contract tolerances are noted, established manufacturing tolerances will be accepted.

The Government may inspect, sample, or test all work at any �me before final acceptance of the project. When the Government tests work, copies of test reports are furnished to the Contractor upon request. Government tests may or may not be performed at the work site. If Contractor tes�ng and inspec�on is verified by the Government, the Contractor’s results may be used by the Government to evaluate work for acceptance. Do not rely on the availability of Government test results for process control.

Acceptable work conforming to the contract will be paid for at the contract unit bid price. Four methods of determining conformity and accep�ng work are described in Subsec�ons 106.02 to 106.05 inclusive. The primary method of acceptance is specified in each Sec�on of work. However, work may be rejected at any �me it is found by any of the methods not to comply with the contract.

Remove, repair, or replace work that does not conform to the contract, or to prevailing industry standards where no specific contract requirements are noted. Removing, repairing, or replacing work; providing temporary traffic control; and any other related work to accomplish conformity will be at no cost to the Government.

(a) Dispu�ng Government test results. If the accuracy of Government test results is disputed, promptly inform the CO. If the dispute is unresolved a�er reasonable steps are taken to resolve the dispute, further evalua�on may be obtained by writen request. Include a narra�ve describing the dispute and a proposed resolu�on protocol that addresses the following:

1. Sampling method;

2. Number of samples;

3. Sample transport;

4. Test procedures;

5. Testing laboratories;

6. Reporting;

7. Estimated time and costs; and

8. Validation process.

If the evalua�on requires addi�onal sampling or tes�ng be performed, mutually agree with the Government on witnessing procedures and on sampling and tes�ng by a third party laboratory. Use a third party laboratory accredited by the AASHTO accredita�on program. Provide proof of the laboratory’s accredita�on for the test procedures to be used. Do not use the same laboratory that produced the disputed Government test results or that produced the test results used as a basis for the dispute.

The CO will review the proposed resolu�on protocol and may modify it before final approval and execu�on.

The Government will use the approved resolu�on protocol test results to determine the validity of the disputed tes�ng. If the Government test results are validated, the Contractor will be responsible for all costs associated with developing and performing the resolu�on protocol. If the Government test results are not validated, the Government will be responsible for all costs associated with developing and performing the resolu�on protocol.

If the validity of the Government test results cannot be determined, the Contractor and Government will equally share all costs associated with developing and carrying out the resolu�on protocol.

(b) Alterna�ves to removing and replacing non-conforming work. As an alterna�ve to removal and replacement, the Contractor may submit a writen request to:

1. Have the work accepted at a reduced price; or

2. Be given permission to perform corrective measures to bring the work into conformity.

The request must contain suppor�ng ra�onale and documenta�on. Include references or data jus�fying the proposal based on an evalua�on of test results, effect on service life, value of material or work, quality, aesthe�cs, and other tangible engineering basis. The CO will determine disposi�on of the nonconforming work.

106.02_National_11_9_2016

Delete Subsection 106.02 and replace with the following:

106.02 Visual Inspec�on.

Acceptance is based on visual inspec�on of the work for compliance with the specific contract requirements. Use prevailing industry standards in the absence of specific contract requirements or tolerances.

108 - Prosecution and Progress 108.00_National_11_9_2016

Delete Section 108 in its entirety.

Delete Sec�on 108.

155 - Schedules for Construction Contracts 155.00_National_11_9_2016

Delete Section 155 in its entirety.

Delete Sec�on 155.

157 - Soil Erosion and Sediment Control 157.04_National_11_1_2016

Delete Subsection 157.04 and replace with the following:

157.04 General.

Thirty (30) days prior to the start of construc�on, submit a writen plan according to subsec�on 104.03 with all necessary permits that provides permanent and temporary erosion control measures to minimize erosion and sedimenta�on during and a�er construc�on. Do not begin work un�l the necessary controls for that par�cular phase of work have been implemented. Do not modify the type, size, or loca�on of any control without approval.

When erosion control measures are not func�oning as intended, take correc�ve ac�on to eliminate or minimize pollutants in storm water discharges from the project.

201 - Clearing and Grubbing 201.04_National_11_2_2016

Add the following paragraph to Subsection 201.04:

201.04 Clearing.

(e) Do not cut vegeta�on less than 3 feet in height and less than 3 inches in diameter that is within the clearing limits but beyond the roadway and not in a decking area and that does not interfere with sight distance along the road unless otherwise designated.

201.06_National_2_22_2018

Delete the first sentence of Subsection 201.06 and replace the following:

201.06 Disposal.

Merchantable �mber is Government property.

203 - Removal of Structures and Obstructions 203.04_National_11_2_2016

Make the following changes to Subsection 203.04(b):

203.04 (b) General.

Delete the fifth paragraph of Subsection 203.04(b) and replace with the following:

Remove structures and obstruc�ons in the roadbed to 12 inches (300 millimeters) below subgrade eleva�on.

Remove structures and obstruc�ons outside the roadbed to 12 inches (300 millimeters) below finished ground or to the natural stream botom.

Delete the seventh paragraph of Subsection 203.04(b) and replace with the following:

When abandoning an exis�ng culvert pipe, remove the upstream and downstream por�on of the culvert to within 12 inches (300 millimeters) of the subgrade or embankment slope. Ensure the abandoned pipe is at least 48 inches (1200 millimeters) from a new culvert or structure. Seal the abandoned culvert ends with a �ght-fi�ng plug of concrete at least 6 inches (150 millimeters) thick. Ensure the structure does not entrap water.

203.05_National_9_10_2018

Add the following to Subsection 203.05:

203.05 Disposing of Material.

(e) Windrowing Construc�on Slash. Place construc�on slash outside the roadway in neat, compacted windrows approximately parallel to and along the toe line of embankment slopes. Do not permit the top of the windrows to extend above subgrade. Use construc�on equipment to mat down all material in a windrow to form a compact and uniform pile. Construct breaks of at least 15 feet at least every 200 feet in a windrow. Do not place windrows against trees.

(f) Scatering. Scater construc�on slash in designated areas without damaging trees. Limb all logs. Place logs and stumps away from trees, posi�oned so they will not roll, and are not on top of one another. Limb and scater other construc�on slash to reduce slash concentra�ons. When scatering for erosion control, place construc�on slash as flat as prac�cable on the completed slope.

(g) Chipping. Use an approved chipping machine to chip slash longer than 3 feet. Deposit chips on embankment slopes or outside the roadway to a loose depth less than 6 inches. Minor amounts of chips or ground woody material may be permited within the roadway if they are thoroughly mixed with soil and do not form a layer.

(h) Debris Mat. Use tree limbs, tops, cull logs, split stumps, wood chunks, and other debris to form a mat upon which construc�on equipment is operated. Place stumps upside down and blend stumps into the mat.

(i) Decking. Remove brush from designated log deck areas. Limb and top logs.

Logs not mee�ng the U�liza�on Standards described in Subsec�on 201.04(c) shall be cut to lengths less than <number> feet and decked in designated log deck loca�on.

Merchantable �mber not associated with an exis�ng �mber sale shall be cut to length mee�ng the U�liza�on Standards described in Subsec�on 201.04(c).

Deck logs so that logs are piled parallel to one another; can be removed by standard log loading equipment; will not damage standing trees; will not interfere with drainage, and will not roll. Keep logs in log decks free of brush and soil.

(j) Removal to designated loca�ons. Remove construc�on slash to designated loca�ons.

(k) Piling. Pile construc�on slash in designated areas. Place and construct piles so that if the piles are burned, the burning will not damage remaining trees. Keep piles free of dirt from stumps.

204 - Excavation and Embankment 204.00_National_11_4_2016

Delete Section 204 in its entirety and replace with the following.

Sec�on 204. — EXCAVATION AND EMBANKMENT Descrip�on

204.01 This work consists of excavating material and constructing embankments. This work also includes furnishing, hauling, stockpiling, placing, disposing, sloping, shaping, compacting, and finishing earthen and rocky material.

204.02 Defini�ons.

(a) Excava�on. Excavation consists of the following:

(1) Roadway excava�on. Material excavated from within the right-of-way or easement areas, except subexcava�on covered in Subsec�on 204.02(a)(2) and structure excava�on covered in Sec�ons 208 and

209. Roadway excava�on includes all material encountered regardless of its nature or characteris�cs.

(2) Subexcava�on. Material excavated from below subgrade eleva�on in cut sec�ons or from below the original ground-line in embankment sec�ons. Subexcava�on excludes the work required by Subsec�on

204.05 or 204.06.

(3) Borrow excava�on. Material used for embankment construc�on that is obtained from outside the roadway prism. Borrow excava�on includes unclassified borrow, and topping.

(b) Embankment construc�on. Embankment construction consists of placing and compacting roadway or borrow excavation. This work includes:

(1) Preparing founda�on for embankment;

(2) Construc�ng roadway embankments;

(3) Benching for side-hill embankments;

(4) Construc�ng dikes, ramps, mounds, and berms; and

(5) Backfilling subexcavated areas, holes, pits, and other depressions.

(c) Conserved topsoil. Excavated material conserved from the roadway excavation and embankment foundation areas that is suitable for growth of grass, cover crops, or native vegetation.

(d) Waste. Excess and unsuitable roadway excavation and subexcavation that cannot be used.

Material

204.03 Conform to the following Subsections:

Topping 704.05

Unclassified borrow 704.06

Water 725.01(c)

Construc�on Requirements

204.04 Prepara�on for Roadway Excava�on and Embankment Construc�on. Clear the area of vegeta�on and obstruc�ons according to Sec�ons 201 and 203.

Road pioneering, slash disposal, and grubbing of stumps may proceed concurrently with excava�on and embankment. Maintain drainage during pioneering opera�ons.

204.05 Conserved Topsoil. When designated, conserve topsoil from roadway excavation and embankment foundation areas. Stockpile conserved topsoil in low windrows immediately beyond the rounding limits of cut and embankment slopes or in other approved locations. Separate conserved topsoil from other excavated material.

When designated, place conserved topsoil on completed slopes according to Section 624.

204.06 Roadway Excava�on. Excavate as follows:

(a) Rock cuts. Blast rock according to Section 205. Excavate rock cuts to 6 inches (150 millimeters) below subgrade within the roadbed limits. Backfill to subgrade with topping or other suitable material. Compact the material according to Subsection 204.11.

(b) Earth cuts. Scarify earth cuts to 6 inches (150 millimeters) below subgrade within the roadbed limits.

Compact the scarified material according to Subsection 204.11.

(c) Pioneer Roads. Conduct excava�on and placement opera�ons so material to be treated under Sec�on 201 will not be incorporated into the roadway unless specified in the slash treatment method. Maintain drainage during pioneering opera�ons.

(d) Drainage Feature. Drainage feature includes construc�on of all ditches, minor channel changes, drainage dips, catch basins, surface water deflectors, and other minor drainage structures. Compact the material according to Subsec�on 204.11. Excavate on a uniform grade between control points.

Do not disturb material and vegetation outside the construction limits. Retrieve material deposited outside the construction limits. Dispose of unsuitable or excess excavation material according to Subsection 204.14. Replace shortage of suitable material caused by premature disposal of roadway excavation.

Shape to drain and compact the work area to a uniform cross-section at the end of each day's operations.

204.07 Subexcava�on. Excavate material to the required limits. Dispose of unsuitable material according to Subsec�on 204.14. Take cross-sec�ons according to Sec�on 152. Backfill subexcavated area with suitable material in horizontal layers not exceeding 12 inches (300 millimeters) in compacted thickness and compact according to Subsec�on 204.11. Prevent unsuitable material from mixing with suitable backfill material.

204.08 Borrow Excava�on. Use suitable roadway excavation in embankment construction. Do not use borrow excavation when it results in excess roadway excavation. Deduct excess borrow excavation from the total borrow excavation quantity.

Obtain borrow source approval according to Subsection 105.02. Develop and restore borrow sources according to Subsections 105.03 and 105.06. Do not excavate beyond the established limits. When applicable, shape the borrow source to permit accurate measurements when excavation is complete.

204.09 Preparing Founda�on for Embankment Construc�on. Prepare foundation for embankment construction as follows:

(a) Embankment over natural ground. Remove topsoil and break up the ground surface to a minimum depth of 6 inches (150 millimeters) by plowing or scarifying. Compact the ground surface according to Subsection 204.11.

(b) Embankments over an exis�ng asphalt, concrete, or gravel road surface. Scarify gravel roads to a minimum depth of 6 inches (150 millimeters). Scarify or pulverize asphalt and concrete roads to 6 inches (150 millimeters) below the pavement. Reduce particles to a maximum size of 6 inches (150 millimeters) and produce a uniform material. Compact the surface according to Subsection 204.11.

(c) Embankment across ground not capable of suppor�ng equipment. Dump successive loads of embankment material in a uniformly distributed layer to construct the lower portion of the embankment. Limit the layer thickness to the minimum depth necessary to support the equipment.

(d) Embankment on an exis�ng slope steeper than 1V:3H. Cut horizontal steps in the existing slope to a sufficient width to accommodate placement and compaction operations and equipment. Step the slope as the embankment is placed and compacted in layers. Begin each step at the intersection of the original ground and the vertical cut of the previous step.

204.10 Embankment Construc�on. Incorporate only suitable roadway excavation material into the embankment.

When the supply of suitable roadway excavation is exhausted, furnish unclassified borrow to complete the embankment. Obtain written approval before beginning construction of embankments over 6 feet (2 meters) high at subgrade centerline. Construct embankments as follows:

(a) General. At the end of each day's operations, shape to drain and compact the embankment surface to a uniform cross-section. Eliminate ruts and low spots that could hold water.

During all stages of construction, route and distribute hauling and leveling equipment over the width and length of each layer of material.

Compact embankment side slopes with a tamping foot roller, by walking with a dozer, or by over-building the fill and then removing excess material to the final slope line. For slopes 1V:1¾H or steeper, compact the slopes as embankment construction progresses.

(b) Embankment within the roadway prism. Place embankment material in horizontal layers not exceeding 12 inches (300 millimeters) in compacted thickness. Incorporate oversize boulders or rock fragments into the 12-inch (300-millimeter) layers by reducing them in size or placing them individually as required below. Compact each layer according to Subsection 204.11 before placing the next layer.

Material composed predominately of boulders or rock fragments too large for 12-inch (300-millimeter) layers may be placed in layers up to 24 inches (600 millimeters) thick. Incorporate oversize boulders or rock fragments into the 24-inch (600-millimeter) layer by reducing them in size or placing individual rock fragments and boulders greater than 24 inches (600 millimeters) in diameter as follows:

(1) Reduce rock to less than 48 inches (1200 millimeters) in the largest dimension;

(2) Distribute rock within the embankment to prevent nes�ng;

(3) Place layers of embankment material around each rock to a depth not greater than that permited above. Fill voids between rocks; and

(4) Compact each layer according to Subsec�on 204.11(a) before placing the next layer.

(c) Embankment outside of roadway prism. When placing embankment outside the staked roadway prism, place material in horizontal layers not exceeding 24 inches (600 millimeters) in compacted thickness. Compact each layer according to Subsection 204.11.

204.11 Compac�on. Compact the embankment using one of the following methods as specified.

(a) Placement Method 1. Use AASHTO T 27 to determine the quantity of material retained on a No. 4 (4.75-millimeter) sieve. Compact as follows:

(1) More than 80 percent retained on a No. 4 (4.75-millimeter) sieve. Adjust the moisture content to a level suitable for compaction. Fill the interstices around rock with earth or other fine material as practical.

Use compression-type rollers at speeds less than 6 feet (1.8 meters) per second and vibratory rollers at speeds less than 3 feet (1 meter) per second. Compact each layer of material full width with one of the following and until there is no visible evidence of further consolidation:

(a) Four roller passes of a vibratory roller having a minimum dynamic force of 40,000 pounds (180 kilonewtons) impact per vibra�on and a minimum frequency of 1000 vibra�ons per minute;

(b) Eight roller passes of a 20-ton (20-metric ton) compression-type roller; or

(c) Eight roller passes of a vibratory roller having a minimum dynamic force of 30,000 pounds (130 kilonewtons) impact per vibra�on and a minimum frequency of 1000 vibra�ons per minute.

Increase the compactive effort for layers deeper than 12 inches (300 millimeters) as follows:

• For each addi�onal 6 inches (150 millimeters) or frac�on thereof, increase the number of roller passes in Subsec�on 204.11(a)(1)(a), by four passes; or

• For each addi�onal 6 inches (150 millimeters) or frac�on thereof, increase the number of roller passes in Subsec�on 204.11(a)(1)(b) and (c), by eight passes.

(2) 50 to 80 percent retained on a No. 4 (4.75-millimeter) sieve. Classify the material according to AASHTO M 145. Adjust the moisture content of material classified A-1 through A-5 to a moisture content suitable for compaction. Adjust the moisture content of material classified A-6 and A-7 to within 2 percent of the optimum moisture content. Use AASHTO T 99 to determine the optimum moisture content of the portion of the material passing a No. 4 (4.75-millimeter) sieve. Multiply this number by the percentage of material passing a No. 4 (4.75-millimeter) sieve, and add 2 percent to determine the optimum moisture content of the material.

Use nonvibratory rollers at speeds less than 6 feet (1.8 meters) per second and vibratory rollers at speeds less than 3 feet(1 meter) per second. Compact each layer of material full width according to Subsection 204.11(a)(1).

(3) Less than 50 percent retained on a No. 4 (4.75-millimeter) sieve. Classify the material according to AASHTO M 145. For material classified A-1 or A-2-4, determine the maximum density according to AASHTO T 99, Method C.

Adjust the moisture content of material classified A-1 through A-5 to a moisture content suitable for compaction. Adjust the moisture content of material classified A-6 and A-7 to within 2 percent of the optimum moisture content.

Use compression-type or vibratory rollers. Compact each layer of material full width to at least 95 percent of the maximum density. Determine the in-place density and moisture content according to AASHTO T 310 or other approved test procedures. When required, use AASHTO T 224 to correct for coarse particles.

(b) Placement Method 2. Adjust the moisture content of the material to a moisture content suitable for compac�on. Fill the inters�ces around rock with earth or other fine material as prac�cal. Operate roller compac�on equipment over the full width of each layer un�l there is no visible evidence of further consolida�on or, if when a sheepsfoot roller is used, the roller “walks out” of the layer. Make at least three complete passes. Use compression-type rollers at speeds less than 6 feet (1.8 meters) per second and vibratory rollers at speeds less than 3 feet (1 meter) per second. Ensure rollers meet the following requirements:

(1) Steel wheeled rollers, other than vibratory, capable of exer�ng a force of not less than 250 pounds per inch (4.5 kilogram/millimeter) of width of the compression roll or rolls.

(2) Vibratory steel wheeled rollers equipped with amplitude and frequency controls with a minimum dynamic force of 30,000 pounds (130 kilonewtons) impact per vibra�on, specifically designed to compact the material on which it is used.

(3) Pneuma�c-�red rollers with smooth tread �res of equal size that will provide a uniform compac�ng pressure for the full width of the roller and capable of exer�ng a ground pressure of at least 80 psi (550 Kilopascals).

(4) Sheepsfoot, tamping, or grid rollers capable of exer�ng a force of 250 pounds per inch (4.5 kilogram/millimeter) of width of roller drum.

(c) Placement Method 3. Adjust the moisture content of the material to a moisture content suitable for compac�on. Fill the inters�ces around rock with earth or other fine material as prac�cal. Operate hauling and spreading equipment uniformly over the full width of each layer un�l there is no visible evidence of further consolida�on. Make at least three complete passes.

(d) Placement Method 4. Adjust the moisture content of the material to a moisture content suitable for compac�on. Fill the inters�ces around rock with earth or other fine material as prac�cal. Operate hauling and spreading equipment uniformly over the full width of each layer.

(e) Placement Method 5. Adjust the moisture content of the material to a moisture content suitable for compac�on. Compact the complete surface with a bucket of an excavator larger than 39,000 pounds (18 metric ton) Gross Vehicle Weight using a minimum of three blows. Overlap compac�on by ½ width of bucket.

(f) Placement Method 6. Adjust the moisture content of the material to a moisture content suitable for compac�on. Compact using an approved mechanical tamper for a minimum of three complete passes.

When compac�ng with rollers or hauling and spreading equipment is not prac�cal, use approved mechanical tampers for a minimum of three complete passes.

204.12 Drainage Features. Slope, grade, and shape all drainage features. Remove projecting roots, stumps, rock, or similar matter. Maintain all drainage features in an open condition and without sticks, and other debris.

Form furrow ditches by plowing or using other acceptable methods to produce a continuous furrow. Place excavated material on the downhill side so the bottom of the ditch is approximately 18 inches (450 millimeters) below the crest of the loose material. Clean the ditch using a hand shovel or other suitable method. Shape to provide drainage without overflow.

204.13 Sloping, Shaping, and Finishing. Complete subgrade, slopes, drainage features, culverts, riprap, and other underground minor structures before placing aggregate courses. Slope, shape, and finish to the designated tolerance class as defined in Table 204-2 as follows:

(a) Sloping. Leave earth slopes with uniform roughened surfaces, except as described in Subsection 204.13(b), with no noticeable break as viewed from the road. Except in solid rock, round tops and bottoms of slopes including the slopes of drainage ditches. Round material overlaying solid rock to the extent practical. Scale rock slopes. Slope rounding is not required on tolerance class D through M roads.

If a slide or slipout occurs on a cut or embankment slope, remove or replace the material and repair or restore damage to the work. Bench or key the slope to stabilize the slide. Reshape the cut or embankment slope to an acceptable condition.

(b) Stepped slopes. Where required, construct steps on slopes of 1⅓V:1H to 1V:2H. Construct the steps approximately 18 inches (450 millimeters) high. Blend the steps into natural ground at the end of the cut. If the slope contains non-rippable rock outcrops, blend steps into the rock. Remove loose material found in transitional area. Except for removing large rocks that may fall, scaling stepped slopes is not required.

(c) Shaping. Shape the subgrade to a smooth surface and to the cross-section required. Shape slopes to gradually transition into slope adjustments without noticeable breaks. At the ends of cuts and at intersections of cuts and embankments, adjust slopes in the horizontal and vertical planes to blend into each other or into the natural ground.

(d) Finishing. Ensure that the subgrade is visibly moist during shaping and dressing; smooth and uniform, and shaped to conform to the typical sections. Remove material larger than 6 inches (150 millimeters) from the top 6 inches (150 millimeters) of the roadbed. Remove unsuitable material from the roadbed, and replace it with suitable material. Scarify to 6 inches (150 millimeters) below the bottom of low sections, holes, cracks, or depressions and bring back to grade with suitable material.

Maintain proper ditch drainage.

204.14 Disposal of Unsuitable or Excess Material. Dispose of unsuitable or excess material at designated sites or according to Subsection 203.05(a)

When there is a pay item for waste, shape and compact the waste material in its final location. Do not mix clearing or other material not subject to payment with the waste material.

204.15 Acceptance. See Table 204-1 for sampling, testing, and acceptance requirements.

Material for embankment and conserved topsoil will be evaluated under Subsections 106.02 and 106.04.

Excavation and embankment construction will be evaluated under Subsections 106.02 and 106.04.

Subexcavation will be evaluated under Subsections 106.02 and 106.04.

Measurement

204.16 Measure the Section 204 pay items listed in the bid schedule according to Subsection 109.02

Payment

204.17 The accepted quantities will be paid at the contract price per unit of measurement for the Section 204 pay items listed in the bid schedule. Payment will be full compensation for the work prescribed in this Section. See Subsection 109.05.

Table 204-1 Sampling, Testing, and Acceptance Requirements

Material or Product (Subsection)

Type of Acceptance (Subsection)

Characteristic Category Test Methods Specifications

Sampling Frequency

Point of Sampling

Split Sample

Reporting Time

Source Topping (704.05)

Measured and tested for conformance (106.04 & 105)

Classification(1) – AASHTO M 145

1 per soil type and source of material

Processed material

Yes Before using in work

Unclassified borrow (704.06)

Production Topping (704.05) and (204.11(a))

Measured and tested for conformance (106.04)

Moisture-density – T 99, Method C(2)

1 per soil type, but not less than 1 per each 13,000 yd3 (10,000 m3)

Processed material

Yes Before using in work

Density – AASHTO T 310 or other approved procedures

1 per 3500 yd2 (3000 m2), but not less than 3 per layer

In-place No Before placement of next layer

Unclassified borrow (704.06) and (204.11(a))

" Moisture-density – T 99, Method C(2)

1 per soil type, but not less than 1 per each 13,000 yd3 (10,000 m3)

Processed material

Yes Before using in work

Density – AASHTO T 310 or other approved procedures

1 per 3500 yd2 (3000 m2), but not less than 3 per layer

In-place No Before placement of next layer

Table 204-1 Sampling, Testing, and Acceptance Requirements

Material or Product (Subsection)

Type of Acceptance (Subsection)

Characteristic Category Test Methods Specifications

Sampling Frequency

Point of Sampling

Split Sample

Reporting Time

Production (continued) Earth embankment (204.11(a))

Measured and tested for conformance (106.04)

Classification – AASHTO M 145

1 per soil type

Source of material

Yes Before using in work

Moisture-density – T 99, Method C(2)

1 per soil type, but not less than 1 per each 13,000 yd3 (10,000 m3)

Density – AASHTO T 310 or other approved procedures

1 per 3500 yd2 (3000 m2), but not less than 3 per layer

In-place No Before placement of next layer

Top of subgrade (204.11(a))

" Density – AASHTO T 310 or other approved procedures

1 per 2500 yd2 (2000 m2), but not less than 3 per layer

In-place No Before placement next layer

Finished Product Roadbed (204.13)

Measured and tested for conformance (106.04)

Final line & grade

– Field measured Determined by the CO

Determined by the CO

No Before placement of next layer

(1) Not required when using Government-provided source.

(2) Minimum 5 points per proctor.

T ab le

-2

C on st ru ct io n

T ol er an ce s

T ol er an ce C la ss

(a

M

+2 .0

(c

(c

+2

(a ) M ax im um a llo w ab le d ev ia tio n fro m c on str uc tio n sta ke s a nd d ra w in gs

(b

) M ax im um al lo w ab le d ev ia tio n fro m st ak ed sl op e m ea su re d fro m sl op e sta ke s o r h in ge p oi nt s.

(c

) U nl es s o th er w is e sh ow n th e ce nt er lin e al ig nm en t a nd su bg ra de e le va tio n, a s b ui lt, h av e no h or iz on ta l c ur ve s w ith a ra di us o f l es s t ha n fe et , a nd n o ve rti ca l c ur ve s w ith a c ur ve le ng th le ss th an fe et w he n th e al ge br ai c di ffe re nc e in th e gr ad e ch an ge is le ss th an pe rc en t, or a c ur ve le ng th o f l es s t ha n fe et w he n th e al ge br ai c di ffe re nc e of th e gr ad e ch an ge is gr ea te r t ha n or e qu al to pe rc en t.

Th e ce nt er lin e gr ad e is n ot to e xc ee d p er ce nt in fe et o f l en gt h.

L +2

+3

+5

K

J

+1

I

H

.5

G

F +1

E +1

+0

D

C

.2

B

A

.1

L oc at io n D es cr ip tio n

R oa db ed w id th (f t)

Su bg ra de e le va tio n (ft

C en te rli ne a lig nm en t ( ft)

Sl op es , e xc av at io n, a nd em ba nk m en t sl op e(b

301 - Untreated Aggregate Courses 301.03_National_7_17_2017

Add the following to Subsection 301.03:

301.03 General.

Writen approval of the roadbed is required before placing aggregate.

For pit run or grid-rolled material, furnish material smaller than the maximum size, no grada�on will be required otherwise. A�er processing on the road, remove all oversize material from the road and dispose as directed by the CO.

Provide addi�ves or binder, if required, at the propor�ons specified.

Develop and use Government furnished sources according to Sec�on 105.

If the aggregate is produced and stockpiled before placement, handle and stockpile according to Sec�on 314.

301.05_National_7_17_2017

Delete Subsection 301.05 and replace with the following:

301.05 Compac�ng.

Compact each layer full width. Roll from the sides to the center, parallel to the centerline of the road.

Along curbs, headers, walls, and all places not accessible to the roller, compact the material with approved tampers or compactors.

Compact the aggregate using one of the following methods as specified:

(a) Compaction A. Operating spreading and hauling equipment over the full width of the travelway.

(b) Compaction B. Operate rollers and compact as specified in Subsection 204.11(a)(1).

(c) Compaction C. Moisten or dry the aggregate to a uniform moisture content between 5 and 7 percent based on total dry weight of the mixture. Operate rollers and compact as specified in Subsection 204.11(a)(1).

(d) Compaction D. Compact to a density of at least 95 percent of the maximum density, as determined by AASHTO T 99, method C or D.

(e) Compaction E. Compact to a density of at least 95 per-cent of the maximum density, as determined by AASHTO T 180, method C or D.

For all compac�on methods, blade the surface of each layer during the compac�on opera�ons to remove irregulari�es and produce a smooth, even surface. When a density requirement is specified, determine the in place density and moisture content according to AASHTO T 310 or other approved test procedures.

303 - Road Reconditioning 303.07_National_7_18_2017

Add the following to Subsection 303.07:

303.07 Roadway Recondi�oning.

Remove catleguard decks. Clean the deck and the area beneath the catleguard of soil and other material to the botom of the original founda�on over the en�re width of the installa�on. Dispose of waste at designated sites or according to Subsec�on 204.14. Reinstall the catleguard deck.

411 - Asphalt Prime Coat 411.05_National_7_17_2017

Delete Subsection 411.05(d) and replace with the following:

411.05 Weather Limita�ons.

(d) Weather is not forecasted to be foggy or rainy 24 hours following applica�on.

411.08_National_11_4_2016

Delete the second paragraph of Subsection 411.08 and replace with the following:

411.08 Maintenance.

Spread addi�onal bloter to cover unabsorbed cut-back asphalt. Spread addi�onal choker aggregate to cover unabsorbed emulsified asphalt. Remove excess bloter or choker aggregate a�er the asphalt is absorbed.

411.09_National_11_4_2016

Delete the second sentence of Subsec�on 411.09 and replace with the following:

411.09 Acceptance.

Crushed aggregate, bloter, and choker aggregate will be evaluated under Subsec�on 106.03.

412 - Asphalt Tack Coat 412.05_National_11_4_2016

Delete Subsection 412.05(b) and replace with the following:

412.05 Weather Limita�ons.

(b) Ambient air temperature is above 40 °F (5 °C) and rising

413 - Asphalt Pavement Milling 413.00_National_7_17_2017

Add the following to Subsec�on 413.01:

413.01 Descrip�on.

This work also includes cu�ng asphalt pavement.

Make the following changes to Subsec�on 413.03:

413.03 Milling.

Add the following to the end of the first paragraph:

Prior to milling, cut exis�ng asphalt pavement at the loca�ons and to the extent shown on the plans. Cut the asphalt pavement to form a ver�cal face in unfractured asphalt surfacing.

Delete the first sentence of paragraph five and replace with the following:

Remove and completely recover all loose milled material.

Delete the second paragraph of Subsection 413.05and replace with the following:

413.05 Measurement.

Do not measure asphalt pavement milling or asphalt pavement cu�ng.

Delete the first sentence of Subsection 413.06 and replace with the following:

413.06 Payment.

Payment is indirect to Sec�on 403 pay items listed in the Schedule of Items.

602 - Culverts and Drains 602.05_National_7_7_2017

Add the following to Subsection 602.05.

602.05 Laying Metal Pipe.

(c) Standard Connec�ng bands. Band corruga�on shall match that of the pipe sec�ons being joined or the annular rerolled ends of those pipe sec�ons.

602.05_National_6_11_2020

Replace the first paragraph of Subsection 602.05 with the following:

602.05 Laying Metal Pipe.

Posi�on the pipe with a longitudinal joint so the joint is opposite the invert. Unless otherwise specified fully join pipe sec�ons to control the infiltra�on of soil according to AASHTO M 36 or AASHTO M 196.

Use one of the following:

Add the following to Subsection 602.05:

(c) Standard Connec�ng bands. Band corruga�on shall match that of the pipe sec�ons being joined or the annular rerolled ends of those pipe sec�ons.

703 - Aggregate 703.05_National_7_18_2017

Delete Subsection 703.05(c)(3) and Replace with the following:

703.05 (c) Surface course aggregate. (3) Plas�c Index

(3) Plas�c Index, AASHTO T 90

If the percent passing the No. 200 sieve is less than 12% 2 to 9 If the percent passing the No. 200 sieve is greater than 12% Less than 2

703.05_National_3_17_2021

Delete 703.05 and replace with the following:

703.05 Subbase, Base, Surface Course, and Screened Aggregate.

(a) Subbase or base aggregate. Furnish hard, durable particles or fragments of crushed stone, crushed slag, or crushed gravel conforming the following:

(1) Gradation Table 703-2

(2) Liquid limit, AASHTO T 89 25 max.

(3) Plastic limit, AASHTO T 90 Nonplastic

(4) Los Angeles abrasion, AASHTO T 96 40% max.

(5) Sodium sulfate soundness loss (5 cycles), 12% max.

AASHTO T 104

(6) Durability index (coarse), AASHTO T 210 35 min.

(7) Durability index (fine), AASHTO T 210 35 min.

(8) Fractured faces, ASTM D 5821 50% min.

(9) Free from organic matter and lumps or balls of clay

Do not use material that breaks up when alternately frozen and thawed or wetted and dried.

Obtain the aggregate gradation by crushing, screening, and blending processes as necessary. Fine aggregate, material passing the No. 4 sieve, shall consist of natural or crushed sand and fine mineral particles.

(b) Surface course aggregate. Furnish hard, durable particles or fragments of crushed stone, crushed slag, or crushed gravel conforming the following:

(1) Gradation Table 703-3

(2) Liquid limit, AASHTO T 89 35 max.

(3) Plastic Index, AASHTO T 90

a) If the percent passing the No. 200 sieve is less than 12% 2 to 9

b) If the percent passing the No. 200 sieve is greater than 12% Less than 2

(4) Los Angeles abrasion, AASHTO T 96 40% max.

(5) Sodium sulfate soundness loss (5 cycles), 12% max.

AASHTO T 104

(6) Durability index (coarse), AASHTO T 210 35 min.

(7) Durability index (fine), AASHTO T 210 35 min.

(8) Fractured faces, ASTM D 5821 75% min.

(9) Free from organic matter and lumps or balls of clay

Do not furnish material that contains asbestos fibers.

Obtain the aggregate gradation by crushing, screening, and blending processes as necessary. Fine aggregate, material passing the No. 4 sieve, shall consist of natural or crushed sand and fine mineral particles.

(c) Screened aggregate – Furnish hard, durable particles or fragments of stone, slag, or gravel conforming the following:

(1) Gradation Table 703-13

(2) Plastic Index, AASHTO T 90 Less than 9

(3) Los Angeles abrasion, AASHTO T 96 55% max.

(4) Free from organic matter and lumps or balls of clay.

Obtain the aggregate gradation by crushing, screening, and blending processes as necessary.

Delete Table 703-2 and replace with the following:

le

-2 ar ge t V al ue R an ge s f or

S ub ba se a nd

B as e G ra da tio n

Pe rc en t b y M as s P as si ng D es ig na te d Si ev e

(A A

SH

T

O T an d

T

1) ra di ng

D es ig na tio n

E (B as e)

(6

(6

(4

4.

7.

(3

T he v al ue in th e pa re nt he se s i s t he a llo w ab le d ev ia tio n

) f ro m th e ta rg et v al ue s..

D (B

(6

(6

(6

(4

4.

7.

(3

C (B

(6

(6

4.

–7 .0

(3

B (S ub ba se

(8

4.

.0 (4

A (S ub ba se

(7

(6

(4

4.

8.

(3

Si ev e Si ze

2½ in ch

1½

3/

1/

N o.

N o.

Delete Table 703-3 and replace with the following:

le

-3 ar ge t V al ue R an ge s f or

S ur fa ce

G ra da tio n

Pe rc en t b y M as s P as si ng D es ig na te d Si ev e

(A A

SH

T

O T an d

T

1) ra di ng

D es ig na tio n

U

(6

(7

(5

8.

.0 (4

T he v al ue in th e pa re nt he se s i s t he a llo w ab le d ev ia tio n

) f ro m th e ta rg et v al ue s.

If th e pl as tic ity in de x

(P I) is gr ea te r t ha n 0, th e

TV

ra ng e fo r t he N o.

si ev e siz e is

-1

(4

(7

(5

8.

.0 (4

S 10

(6

(7

(5

8.

.0 (4

H

(6

(6

(5

9.

.0 (4

(6

(6

(5

.0

6.

(4

F 10

-1

-8

-6

(6

-5

-3

(6

-2

(5

.0

-1 6.

(4

Si ev e Si ze

N o.

N o.

Add Table 703-13:

Table 703-13 Gradation Requirements for Screened Aggregate

Sieve Size

Percent by Mass Passing Designated Sieve (AASHTO T 27 and T 11)

Grading Designation L M N O P Q R

6 inch 100 100

4 inch 100 100

3 inch 100 100

2 inch 100

No. 4 15-45 15-45 15-45

705 - Rock 705.02_National_7_18_2017

Add the following Class to Table 705-1 in Subsection 705.02:

705.02 Riprap. Table 705-1.

Table 705-1

Gradation Requirements for Riprap(1)

Class

% of Rock Equal or Smaller by Count, DX

Range of Intermediate

Dimensions,(2) inches (millimeters)

Range of Rock Mass,(3) pounds (kilograms)

100 6 – 8 (150 –200) 17 – 41 (8 – 19) 85 5 – 6 (150 – 150) 10 – 17 (5 – 8) 50 2 – 5 (50 – 125) 0.6 – 10 (0.3 – 5) 15 0 – 2 (0 – 50) 0 – 0.6 (0 – 0.3)