SupplementalSpecs_LenaBeachToilets.pdf

Lena Beach Recreation Area Toilets Supplemental Specifications

SECTION 009030

INTENT OF THE CONTRACT

903.01 Intent. The intent is to provide for the completion of the project described in the contract. Furnish all labor, materials, equipment, tools, transportation, utilities, and supplies, and perform all work required to complete the project in accordance with drawings, specifications, and provisions of the contract.

END OF SECTION 009030

SECTION 009040

MAINTENANCE FOR TRAFFIC

904.01 General. Before any suspension of work, take precautions necessary to prevent damage to the project, such as temporary detours, approaches, crossings, or intersections, and make provisions for normal drainage and to minimize erosion.

Provide construction safety signage to notify public of active and ongoing construction. Coordinate site closure as needed with Juneau Ranger District.

END OF SECTION 009040

SECTION 009050

CONTROL OF MATERIALS

905.01 Handling Materials. Transport and handle all materials to preserve their quality and fitness for the work. Stockpile, load, and transport aggregates in a manner that will preserve specified gradation and avoid contamination.

Store materials to assure the preservation of their quality and fitness for the work. Locate stored materials to facilitate their prompt inspection. Arrangements for storage on other than designated sites are the responsibility of the contractor.

END OF SECTION 009050

SECTION 009060

MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT

906.01 General. Measurement and payment for contract work will be made only for and under those pay items included in the SCHEDULE OF ITEMS. All other work and materials will be considered incidental and included in the payment of the PAY ITEMS in the SCHEDULE OF ITEMS.

When more than one class, size, or thickness is specified in the SCHEDULE OF ITEMS for any PAY ITEM, suffixes will be added to the item number to differentiate between the items.

906.02 Units of Measurement. Payment will be made by units defined and determined according to standard measure and by the following:

a) Each (EA). One complete unit, which may consist of one or more parts.

b) Lump Sum (LSQ). The quantities that denote one complete unit of work as required by or described in the contract, including necessary materials, equipment, and labor to complete the job.

c) Linear Feet (LF). Measurement in feet taken along the centerline of the work item and parallel to the finished grade.

d) Square Feet (SF). Measurement taken by determining surface area.

END OF SECTION 009060

SECTION 009070

QUALITY ASSURANCE

Description

907.01 Work. Work consists of providing certification that the quality of construction conforms to the drawings, specifications, and requirements of the contract.

Construction

907.02 Certification and Measurements

a) Offsite-Produced Materials. Furnish signed certificates executed by the manufacturer, supplier, or vendor, stipulating that all offsite-produced materials incorporated in the work meet applicable requirements SHOWN ON THE DRAWINGS or stated in the specifications. Furnish a certificate for each commodity or invoice.

END OF SECTION 009070

SECTION 011110

MOBILIZATION

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.01 DESCRIPTION

A. This work consists of moving personnel, equipment, material and incidentals to the project and performing all work necessary before beginning work at the project site. Mobilization includes the costs associated with obtaining permits, insurance, and bonds. Mobilization is not intended to pay for the costs of materials before they are used on the project site.

1.02 PAYMENT

A. Make progress payments for mobilization as follows:

1. Reimburse for bond premiums before issuing the Notice to Proceed if evidence of payment is received.

2. When 5 percent or more of the original contract amount is earned from other PAY ITEMS, pay mobilization at the rate of 50 percent, or up to 5 percent of the original contract amount, whichever is less.

3. When 10 percent or more of the original contract amount is earned from other PAY ITEMS, pay mobilization at the rate of 100 percent, or up to 10 percent of the original contract amount, whichever is less.

4. Pay any unpaid amount for mobilization upon final acceptance of all work items.

END OF SECTION 011110

SECTION 011500

ARCHAEOLOGICAL PROTECTION

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.01 SUMMARY

A. The work of this section consists of protecting archaeological resources contained in soil deposits.

1.02 DEFINITIONS

A. Resources: Prehistoric, historic, and recent 20th century artifacts, including charcoal, human bones, ash, fire rocks, and building materials that indicate the presence of past human occupation.

B. Archaeologically Sensitive Areas: The area between the west (ocean side) edge Lena Cove Road (FSR 8451) and the ocean beach is considered an Archaeologically Sensitive Area.

C. Archaeological Monitor: Representative of the Government designated to record and collect cultural resources for compliance with Government regulations to protect in-the-ground resources.

1.03 SUBMITTALS

A. 30 days before start of ground-disturbing site work, submit a Daily Work Schedule, detailing construction work in the Archaeologically Sensitive Area. Provide weekly updates to the Daily Work schedule if changed.

Key schedule to drawings and include the following information:

1. Starting and ending dates of ground-disturbing construction.

2. Locations of temporary facilities, such as barriers, field offices, staging areas, sanitary facilities, borrow pits, and haul and access roads.

3. Types of construction, such as clearing, topsoil stripping, structure of trench excavation, landscaping, and post construction clean up.

4. Methods and equipment used for each type of construction.

5. Plan for relocating work in the event of temporary work stoppages.

B. At least one week before on-site work begins, meet with the COR and Archaeological Monitor to discuss Daily Work Schedule and equipment and methods to be used.

PART 2 – PRODUCTS Not Used

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.01 OBSERVATION

A. An Archaeological Monitor will observe ground-disturbing site work in the defined Archaeologically Sensitive Area. Observation will occur from a safe location mutually agreed on by Contractor and Monitor. As new ground is broken the Monitor will examine excavated materials, using construction layout centerline and perimeter staking as a reference point to record locations of findings, if any. Facilitate the examination of materials as excavation occurs.

3.02 DISCOVERY OF RESOURCES

A. If Archaeological Monitor discovers resources, immediate relocation of the work to a non-sensitive area may be required to allow Monitor to take soil samples and record resources. While Archaeological Monitor is documenting resources in sensitive areas, Contractor shall relocate work to other areas where monitoring is not required.

B. If resources are discovered while Archaeological Monitor is absent, stop work in that area immediately and report the discovery to the Contracting Officer.

C. In the unlikely event of encountering human remains, work in that vicinity will be stopped for up to 30 days and the site protected from further damage. The local Tribe will be notified by the Forest Service and consulted as provided under the terms of the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA).

3.03 STOPPAGE

A. Plan, schedule, and execute the work to prevent stoppage at one area from stopping all work at the construction site.

END OF SECTION 011500

SECTION 013300

SUBMITTALS

PART 1 – GENERAL

1.01 SUBMITTALS PROCEDURES

A. Provide submittals in timely manner to ensure sufficient time to complete all required reviews prior to required construction window. Allow 10 workdays for review. If a submittal is rejected, a resubmittal is required, and the time for review is restarted.

B. Submit all design submittals in electronic PDF format to the COR.

PART 2 – PRODUCTS Not Used

PART 3 – EXECUTION

3.01 MATERIAL SUBMITTALS

Provide submittals as described below and elsewhere in the project specifications:

A. For the toilet, provide manufacturer’s installation instructions and specifications and manufacturer’s completed cost worksheet and order form showing all options, colors, etc. to verify the correct options for approval prior to ordering the unit.

B. For the toilet, provide manufacturer’s technical sheets for the adhesive sealant (between the vault and building slab), and the caulking (between the riser and slab, and vent stack and slab), to the CO for approval before installation.

C. Provide submittal for concrete mix in conformance with Section 033000.

D. Provide Sieve Analysis for aggregates.

E. Gradation for crushed aggregates and riprap

3.02 PLAN SUBMITTALS

A. Provide Daily Work scheduleSchedule

B. Safety Plan

END OF SECTION 013300

SECTION 013310

CONSTRUCTION LAYOUT

PART 1 – GENERAL

1.01 SUMMARY

A. Section includes the layout of the project for construction. This work consists of establishing any staking and flagging needed in addition to existing staking, and removing and disposing of all construction stakes, tags, flagging, and plastic ribbon from the project area.

PART 2 – PRODUCTS Not Used

PART 3 – EXECUTION

3.01 PROJECT LAYOUT

A. Provide all construction survey based on control provided by the Government or other sources.

B. Stake all site features such as toilets, paths, pads, concrete, and other features for approval prior to commencing construction in that area. The Government will make minor adjustments to the location of these features to best fit the site. Survey and maintain these revised stakes as control for construction. Do not perform work in the absence of approved construction staking or control points.

C. Relocate provided control points that may be damaged by construction activities. Furnish the coordinates and elevations for the relocated points before the initial points are disturbed. If construction stakes or control points are destroyed or displaced, replace as originally installed and notify the COR. If any construction stakes or control points are erroneous, notify the COR.

D. Survey and stake features to an accuracy of .1 feet horizontal and vertical.

END OF SECTION 013310

SECTION 033000

CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE

PART 1- GENERAL

1.01 DESCRIPTION

A. This section of the specifications covers the requirements for furnishing and installing cast-in-place concrete footings and slabs on grade, including formwork and reinforcement, in conjunction with notes as shown on Drawings.

1.02 REFERENCE SPECIFICATIONS

A. Standard Specifications for Construction of Roads and Bridges on Federal Highway Projects (FP

– 14), Section 601 – Minor Concrete Structures.

B. American Concrete Institute (ACI) 301, Specifications for Structural Concrete, most recent edition.

C. International Building Code (IBC) - Chapter 19.

D. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM).

1.03 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Concrete supervisor qualifications: Concrete work shall be supervised by at least one person who has formed, mixed, and poured concrete foundations and slabs of at least 5 CY in remote locations. Provide references who may verify proposed supervisor’s qualifications. Do not proceed with concrete work until proposed concrete supervisor is approved.

B. Before batching concrete, submit the proposed concrete proportions for approval on Form FHWA 1606 Minor Concrete Mix Design Trial Batch Summary or other approved form. As a minimum, submit the following:

1. Type and source(s) of all material proposed for use.

2. Material certification for all material proposed for use.

3. Saturated surface dry mass of the fine and coarse aggregate per cubic yard of concrete.

4. Gradation of fine and coarse aggregate.

5. Mass of mixing water per cubic yard of concrete.

6. Mass of cement per cubic yard of concrete. Fly ash, ground iron blast-furnace slag, or silica fume may be substituted for cement according to ACI 301 Sec 4.2.2.8.B.

7. Entrained air content of plastic concrete in percent by volume.

8. Maximum slump of plastic concrete in inches.

9. Do not proceed with batching until CO approval of proposed concrete proportions.

C. Retain the mix design for the files.

D. Concrete Testing Service: Engage a qualified testing agency to perform material evaluation tests and to design concrete mixtures.

1. Testing Agency Qualifications: an independent agency, acceptable to authorities having jurisdiction, qualified according to ASTM C1077 and ASTM E 329 for testing indicated.

a) Personnel conducting field tests shall be qualified as ACI Concrete Field Testing Technician, Grad 1, according to ACI CP-1 or an equivalent certification program

b) Personnel performing laboratory tests shall be ACI-certified Concrete Strength Testing Technician and Concrete Laboratory Testing Technician- Grade 1. Testing Agency laboratory supervisor shall be an ACI-certified Concrete Laboratory Testing Technician Grade II.

1.04 TESTING

A. Compressive Strength Tests:

1. Obtain samples and conduct tests in accordance with ACI 301 Section 1.6.4.

2. One (1) set of four (4) cylinders per set shall be molded and cured for testing for each shelter slab.

3. For each specified test: Cure one (1) cylinder for 28-day test age. Test one (1) cylinder at seven days, test two (2) cylinders at twenty-eight days, and hold one (1) cylinder in reserve as the CO directs. After fifty-six days, unless notified by the CO to the contrary, the reserve cylinder may be discarded without being tested for specimens meeting 28-day strength requirement.

4. Acceptance. Strength is satisfactory when:

a) The average of all tests equal or exceed the specified strength

b) No individual test falls below the specified strength by more than 500 psi.

c) If strength is unsatisfactory, remove the unsatisfactory concrete and repeat the work until testing shows satisfactory strength.

B. Slump Test: Obtain samples and conduct slump tests in accordance with ASTM C143/C143M.

Take concrete samples during concrete placement. Perform test immediately prior to placement of each batch of concrete and when test cylinders are made.

C. Air-Entrainment Test: Obtain samples and conduct air-entrainment tests in accordance with ASTM C173/C173M. Test for air content immediately prior to placement of each batch of concrete and when test cylinders are made.

PART 2 – MATERIALS

2.01 FORM MATERIALS

A. Conform to ACI 301 Section 2 - Formwork and Form Accessories.

B. Removal of Forms shall conform to ACI 301 Section 2.3.2 except strength indicated in ACI 301 Section 2.3.2.5 shall be 0.75 f’c.

C. Forms: Steel, wood, or other suitable material of size and strength to resist movement during concrete placement. Use straight forms, free of defects. Use flexible spring steel forms or laminated boards to form curved edges.

2.02 REINFORCING BARS.

A. Furnish deformed, grade 60 bars conforming to AASHTO M 31.

2.03 WELDED WIRE FABRIC

A. Welded wire fabric shall conform to ASTM A 185. Provide flat sheets, rolls not acceptable.

2.04 CONCRETE MIXTURES

A. Conform to ACI 301 Section 4 - Concrete Mixtures.

B. All cast-in-place concrete mixes must conform to the following requirements:

Property Specification Cement content 611 pounds per cubic yard minimum

Water/cement ratio 0.40 maximum Slump 5 inches maximum

Air content 6 ± 1.5% minimum

Size of coarse aggregate AASHTO M 43 with 100% passing the 1-1/2 inch sieve

28-day compressive strength 5,000 pounds per square inch minimum

C. Mix Design Notes

1. Water Cement (W/C) ratio: Water-cementitious material ratios shall be based on the total weight of cementitious materials. Ratios not shown in the table above are controlled by strength requirements.

2. Cementitious content: The use of fly ash, other pozzolans, silica fume, or slag shall conform to ACI 301 Sec 4.2.2.8.B. Maximum amount of fly ash shall be 20% of total cementitious content unless approved.

3. Air content: Conform to ACI 301 Section 4.2.2.4. Horizontal exterior surfaces in contact with the soil require entrained air. Use “Severe Exposure.” Tolerance is ±1-½%. Air content shall be measured at point of placement.

4. Slump: Conform to ACI 301 Section 4.2.2.2. Slump shall be determined at point of placement.

5. Chloride Content: Conform to ACI 301 Section 4.4.1 and Table 4.1.1 for “Other Reinforced Concrete Construction.”

6. Non-Chloride Accelerator: Non-chloride accelerating admixture may be used in concrete slabs placed at ambient temperatures below 50ºF at the Contractor’s option.

2.05 CONCRETE MATERIALS

A. Portland Cement: Portland cement shall conform to ASTM C150, Type I or Type II. The cement shall be of the same brand and type and from the same plant of manufacture.

B. Aggregate: Conform to ASTM C33. Aggregates shall be free from any substance that may be deleteriously reactive to the alkalis in the cement and in a sufficient amount to cause excessive expansion of the concrete.

C. Fly Ash: Pozzolanic mineral admixture conforming to ASTM C618, Class F. Maximum loss on ignition to be 1%. Use fly ash from one single source for the whole project. When fly ash is used, the maximum amount shall be 30% weight of the total cementitious materials, unless otherwise noted.

D. Admixtures: Use of admixtures shall be the responsibility of the Contractor. When more than one admixture is used in the mix, furnish satisfactory evidence to the CO that the admixtures to be used are compatible in combination with the cement and aggregates. Provide only one brand of each type of admixture. Accelerating admixtures shall not be used. Unless approved by the CO admixtures shall be free of calcium chloride and thiocynate (no more than 0.05% chloride ions).

The following types of admixtures are approved:

1. Air-Entrainment Admixture: Master Builders “Micro-Air,” Grace “Davavair,” Sika “AEA- 15,” or approved equal conforming to ASTM C260.

2. Water reducing Admixture (Low Range): Master Builders “Pozzolith 322-N,” Grace “WRDA with Hycol,” Sika “Plastocrete 161,” or approved equal conforming to ASTM C494, Type A.

3. Water reducing Admixture (High Range): Master Builders “Rheobuild 1000,” Grace “WRDA-19,” Sika “Sikament 86,” or approved equal conforming to ASTM C494, Type F.

2.06 ACCESSORIES

A. Form Release Agent: Colorless material which will not stain concrete, absorb moisture or impair natural bonding or color characteristics of coating intended for use on concrete; Release #1, or Crystal Release as manufactured by Burke Concrete Accessories or approved equal.

B. Polyurethane Joint Sealer, if used, shall conform to ASTM C 920.

3.01 FOOTING EXCAVATION AND BEDDING

A. Excavate footings to depths as indicated on the Drawings and in conformance with requirements of Section 312300.

B. Footing excavations require review and approval by the CO prior to construction of concrete formwork.

3.02 FORMWORK

A. Conform to requirements of ACI 301 Section 2 - Formwork and Form Accessories.

3.03 REINFORCEMENT PLACEMENT

A. Use reinforcing steel only when the surface is clean. Do not use reinforcing steel that is cracked, laminated, or is covered with dirt, rust, loose scale, paint, grease, oil, or other deleterious material.

B. Conform to requirements of ACI 117. Lap ends of rebar a minimum of 40 times the bar diameter.

Support rebar during placing of concrete to ensure required position in slab. Do not place rebar on subgrade and subsequently raise into position in concrete.

C. Set wire mesh at the middle of the concrete thickness.

D. Conform to the following cover requirements from ACI 301, Table 3.3.2.3, unless noted otherwise on the drawings. Concrete cast against earth – three inches. Concrete exposed to earth or weather – two inches.

E. Field bending. Conform to ACI 301 Section 3.3.2.8 – Field Bending or Straightening. Bar sizes #3 through #5 may be field bent cold the first time. Other bars require preheating. Do not twist bars.

3.04 CONCRETE PLACEMENT

A. Preparation

1. Do not place concrete until the required submittals are approved.

2. Remove snow, ice, frost, water, and other foreign materials from form surfaces, reinforcement, and embedded items against which concrete is to be placed.

3. Place concrete on properly prepared and unfrozen subgrade and only in dewatered excavations and forms.

4. Do not allow mud or foreign materials into the concrete during placement operations.

5. Do not place concrete when the ambient temperature is below 40 °F or above 90 °F.

6. Do not begin placing concrete when the sun, heat, wind, or limitations of facilities furnished by the Contractor prevent proper consolidation, finishing and curing.

7. Do not begin placing concrete while rain, sleet, or snow is falling unless adequate protection is provided. Do not allow rainwater to increase mixing water or to damage the surface of the concrete.

B. Installation of Embedded Items. Position and secure in place shelter post anchors, pedestal grill posts, and other structural and non-structural embedded items before placing concrete.

Contractor shall coordinate placement of all embedded items shown on the Drawings.

C. Concrete Measuring, Mixing, and Delivery. Conform to requirements of ACI 301 - Section 4.3.

D. Handling, Placing, Constructing and Curing Concrete. Conform to requirements of ACI 301 – Section 5.

3.05 JOINTS

A. Contraction joints in slabs-on-grade: Form weakened-plane contraction joints. Form joints along the perimeter of the 6 inch-thick, slab portion of the foundation, within 1 inch of the change in slab thickness. In addition, form joints which span from the midpoints of opposing perimeter joints, crossing through the center point of the slab, so as to section the slab surface into four rectangular-shaped quadrants of equal size. Construct contraction joints for a depth equal to one-fourth of concrete thickness as follows:

1. Grooved Joints: Form contraction joints after initial floating by grooving and finishing each edge of joint to a radius of 1/8 inch. Repeat grooving of contraction joints after applying surface finishes. Eliminate groover tool marks on concrete surfaces.

2. Sawed Joints: Form contraction joints with power saws equipped with shatterproof abrasive or diamond-rimmed blades. Cut 1/8-inch-wide joints into concrete when cutting action will not tear, abrade, or otherwise damage surface. Sawing must terminate a maximum of 12 hours after the pour for a particular slab commences.

3.06 FINISHES FOR UNFORMED SURFACES

A. General: Finish slab surfaces as described below. Finish all joints and edges with proper tools as approved.

B. Placement: Place concrete at a rate that allows spreading, straightedging, darbying or bullfloating before bleed water appears. Screed all slabs, topping fills to true levels and slopes. Work surfaces as required to produce specified finish. Do no finishing in areas where water accumulated; drain and re-screed. In no case use a sprinkling of cement and sand to absorb moisture.

C. Tolerances: Measure slabs-on-grade to verify compliance with the tolerance requirements of ACI 117 Section 4.5.7, Classification: Bullfloated. Measure floor finish tolerances within 72 hours after slab finishing.

D. Broom Finish: Immediately after concrete has received a floated finish; give the concrete a course transverse scored texture by drawing a stiff broom across the surface. Degree of texture shall be as approved by the CO.

3.07 CONCRETE CURING. Conform to the requirements of ACI 301 – Section 5.

END OF SECTION 03300

SECTION 133423

VAULT TOILET

PART 1- GENERAL

1.01 DESCRIPTION. This work consists of the provision and installation of a pre-manufactured vault toilet structure. Install in accordance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions. Work includes excavation, bedding and backfill, compaction, and building installation.

1.02 RELATED WORK

A. Section 011300, Submittals

B. Section 033000, Cast-in-Place Concrete

PART 2 – MATERIALS

3.01 CONCRETE. Concrete for approach ramp per Section 033000.

3.02 VAULT TOILET

A. Provide vault toilet as manufactured by CXT Inc., 3808 N. Sullivan Road, Bldg. 7, Spokane, WA 99216, Ph. (509_ 921-8766; www.cxtinc.com as follows:

1. Model to be “Rocky Mountain Vault Restroom,” left hand building, vent on back wall (behind toilet riser).

2. Roof to have a “cedar shake” pattern with a granite rock color.

3. The top section to be “nuss brown” or approved equal color of brown.

4. Bottom section to be “napa valley stone” pattern that is colored “natural grey”

5. Provide 2-tone paint touch up kit.

6. Access hatch to vault must have a raised stem to keep ice-damming and water intrusion during the winter to a minimum.

7. Door opener to be double pull/slide lock

8. Lockset shall have a lever handle on both inside and out, and an emergency slot on the exterior handle so that the door can be unlocked from the outside with a coin, flat screwdriver or similar tool. Sliding bolts will not be accepted.

B. The toilet paper roll holder will hold 4 rolls minimum.

3.01 GENERAL

A. Carefully lay out, cut, fit together and erect all work. Install pre-manufactured equipment per manufacturer’s printed instructions.

B. Locate and orient building as detailed and shown on the plans.

C. Install concrete approach ramp as shown in drawings and details.

3.02 DRAINAGE AND GRADING. Set the finished floor elevation of the structure to provide positive drainage in all directions consistent with ADA standards.

END SECTION 133423

SECTION 311000

CLEARING AND GRUBBING

PART 1- GENERAL

1.01 DESCRIPTION. This work includes marking clearing limits, clearing, grubbing, trimming, and removing and disposing of trees, construction slash and debris. This work also includes preservation of trees from injury or defacement.

PART 2 – MATERIALS. Not Used

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.01 CLEARING LIMITS

A. Clearly stake and obtain approval for clearing limits prior to proceeding with clearing and grubbing.

B. Confine all equipment, construction activity and material stockpiles to within the clearing limits and work areas. Do not place equipment and material used for the construction upon drainages, streams, adjacent wetland areas or within driplines of live trees.

C. The intent of these documents is to limit construction disturbance to a minimum distance beyond the edge of new improvements. Establish approximate construction limits as specified below, except as otherwise shown on the plans or as approved:

1. Excavations: At the top of cut slopes.

2. Embankments: At the bottom of fill slope.

3. Structures: Three-feet (3’) beyond foundation walls, or as required for excavation or embankment.

3.02 CLEARING AND GRUBBING. Where clearing is required, clear, grub, remove and dispose all debris, trees, snags, downed timber, stumps, roots, brush, and other protruding vegetative material within the clearing limits, not designated to remain.

3.03 TREE PROTECTION AREAS

A. Do not remove any trees without prior approval in accordance with the following specifications.

B. Do not operate or store equipment or materials within the drip lines of trees designated to remain.

3.04 TREE REMOVAL

A. The Contracting Officer will mark hazard trees for removal.

B. Flag the trees to be removed for approval prior to cutting.

C. Remove trees in a manner that protects adjacent trees designated to remain from damage. This includes directional falling or removing trees by “chunking” in pieces.

D. Tree trimming and root pruning shall be in accordance with standards established by the International Society of Arboriculture. Limb trees with clean cuts made flush with the outside edge of branch collar.

E. Remove and dispose offsite all cleared material, including logs and related slash.

END SECTION 311000

SECTION 312300

EXCAVATION AND EMBANKMENT

PART 1- GENERAL

1.01 DESCRIPTION. This work shall consist of excavation and shaping of embankment material in locations noted on the plans. Work includes excavation of unsuitable material, embankment construction, and disposal of excavated material necessary for the completion of construction.

1.02 QUALITY ASSURANCE. Geotechnical Testing Agency Qualifications: Qualified according to ASTM E 329 and ASTM D 3740 for testing indicated.

PART 2 – MATERIALS

2.01 SOIL MATERIALS

A. Satisfactory Soil: ASTM D 2487 Soil Classification Groups GW, GP, GM, SW, SP, and SM; free of rock or gravel larger than 3 inches (75 mm) in any dimension, debris, waste, frozen materials, vegetation, or other deleterious matter.

B. Unsatisfactory Soil: ASTM D 2487 Soil Classification Groups GC, SC, CL, ML, OL, CH, MH, OH, and PT.

C. Backfill and Fill: Satisfactory soil materials.

D. Subbase Material: Naturally or artificially graded mixture of natural or crushed gravel, crushed stone, and natural or crushed sand; ASTM D 2940/D 2940M; with at least 90 percent passing a 1- 1/2-inch (37.5-mm) sieve and not more than 12 percent passing a No. 200 (0.075-mm) sieve.

E. Bedding Course: Naturally or artificially graded mixture of natural or crushed gravel, crushed stone, and natural or crushed sand; ASTM D 2940/D 2940M; except with 100 percent passing a 1-inch (25-mm) sieve and not more than 8 percent passing a No. 200 (0.075-mm) sieve.

F. Drainage Course: Narrowly graded mixture of crushed stone or crushed or uncrushed gravel;

ASTM D 448; coarse-aggregate grading Size 57; with 100 percent passing a 1-1/2-inch (37.5-

mm) sieve and zero to 5 percent passing a No. 8 (2.36-mm) sieve.

G. Impervious Fill: Clayey gravel and sand mixture capable of compacting to a dense state.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.01 CLEARING AND GRUBBING. Complete clearing and grubbing before excavation or embankment placement begins.

3.02 UTILIZATION OF EXCAVATED MATERIALS

A. Excavate unsuitable material. Backfill excavated areas with suitable material (see Section 2.01) when necessary to complete the work. Do not place frozen material in embankments.

B. Dispose of unsuitable or excess material legally off the project site.

3.03 SUBEXCAVATION. Excavate material to the limits designated by the CO. Take cross-sections according to FP-14, Section 152. Prevent unsuitable material from becoming mixed with the backfill. Dispose of unsuitable material according to Part 3.2, subsection D. Backfill the subexcavation with topping or other suitable material. Compact the material according to Subsection 3.5.

3.04 EXCAVATION & EMBANKMENT.

A. Construct the trail beds according to the applicable requirements of Section 312300 except as modified herein. Construct the trailway to the required template. Protect backslopes from being undercut. Deposit material inside the trail bed limits or designated locations. Do not restrict drainage.

B. Leave slopes that are to be seeded in a roughened condition.

C. Uniformly grade areas to a smooth surface, free of irregular surface changes. Comply with compaction requirements and grade to cross sections, lines, and elevations indicated. Provide for drainage of surface water, unless otherwise designated.

1. Provide a smooth transition between adjacent existing grades and new grades.

2. Cut out soft spots, fill low spots, and trim high spots to comply with required surface tolerances.

D. Do not encroach on stream channels, wetlands, or extend beyond right-of-way or easement limits.

3.05 OVERBUILDING AND LANDSCAPE PROTECTION. Confine excavation and fill to within the clearing limits to protect the native landscape.

3.06 GRADING

A. Uniformly grade areas within all work areas and establish natural transitions to adjacent undisturbed surfaces as approved. Finish surfaces free from irregularities and abrupt changes in grade.

B. Grade surface under concrete slab to manufacturer’s specifications, compacted as specified and to required elevation. Grade areas adjacent to concrete slab to drain away from structure and to prevent ponding as approved.

3.07 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

A. Special Inspections: Engage a qualified inspector to perform the following special inspections:

1. Determine prior to placement of fill that site has been prepared in compliance with requirements.

2. Determine that fill material and maximum lift thickness comply with requirements.

3. Determine, at the required frequency, that in-place density of compacted fill complies with requirements.

B. Testing Agency: Engage a qualified geotechnical engineering testing agency to perform tests and inspections

C. Allow testing agency to inspect and test subgrades and each fill or backfill layer. Proceed with subsequent earth moving only after test results for previously completed work comply with requirements.

D. Testing agency will test compaction of soils in place according to ASTM D 1556, ASTM D 2167, ASTM D 2922, and ASTM D 2937, as applicable. Tests will be performed at the following locations and frequencies:

1. As required by manufacturer of precast vault toilet.

E. When testing agency reports that subgrades, fills, or backfills have not achieved degree of compaction specified, scarify and moisten or aerate, or remove and replace soil materials to depth required; recompact and retest until specified compaction is obtained.

END SECTION 312300

SECTION 321500

TRAILS, PATHWAYS, AND PADS

PART 1- GENERAL

1.01 DESCRIPTION. Work includes constructing aggregate pathways, trails, and pads

PART 2 - MATERIALS

2.01 SURFACE COURSE

A. Provide material meeting the specification of FP-03 Subsection 703.05(c).

2.02 BASE AGGREGATE

A. Provide hard, durable particles or fragments of stone, slag, or gravel conforming the following:

1. Gradation as shown in Table 321500-1

2. Liquid limit, AASHTO T 89 25 max.

3. Plastic Index, AASHTO T 90 Nonplastic

4. Los Angeles abrasion, AASHTO T 96 40% max.

5. Sodium sulfate soundness loss (5 cycles) 12 % max.

AASHTO T 104

6. Durability index (coarse), AASHTO T 210 35 min.

7. Durability index (fine), AASHTO T 210 35 min.

8. Fractured faces, ASTM D 5821 50% min.

9. Free from organic matter and lumps or balls of clay.

Do not use material that breaks up when alternately frozen and thawed or wetted and dried. Obtain the aggregate gradation by crushing, screening, and blending processes as necessary. Fine aggregate, material passing the No. 4 sieve, shall consist of natural or crushed sand and fine mineral particles.

Table 321500-1 Gradation Requirements for Base Aggregate

Sieve Size

Percent by Mass Passing Designated Sieve

(AASHTO T 27 and T 11) Grading Designation

C

2 inch 100

1 inch 80 – 100 (6)

3/4 inch 64 – 94 (6)

3/8 inch 40 – 69 (6)

No. 4 31 – 54 (6)

No. 200 4.0 – 7.0 (3)

( ) The value in parentheses is the allowable deviation (±) from the target values.

2.03 SCREENED AGGREGATE

A. Provide a well-graded mixture of hard, durable particles or fragments of stone, slag, or gravel.

The material must be free of excess moisture, muck, frozen lumps, roots, sod, organic matter, lumps or balls of clay, or other deleterious material. The material must provide a solid mass with minimal voids after compaction. Maximum particle size: 6 inches.

Do not use material that breaks up when alternately frozen and thawed or wetted and dried. Obtain aggregate gradation by crushing, screening, and blending processes as necessary.

3.01 PREPARATION OF SUBGRADES

A. Establish subgrade as required and in conformance with Section 312300.

B. Prior to placement of any materials specified under this section, the subgrade shall be prepared by dressing, shaping, wetting or drying, and compacting. Obtain approval of compacted subgrades prior to final surfacing. Scarify, moisture condition, and recompact as required to achieve compaction.

C. Any ruts or soft yielding spots that may appear shall be corrected by loosening and removing unsatisfactory material and adding approved material as required, reshaping and recompacting the affected areas to the lines and grades indicated on the plans.

3.02 COMPACTION

A. Moisten or dry aggregate to uniform moisture content suitable for compaction.

B. Adjust the moisture content of the backfill material to a moisture content suitable for compaction.

Compact all gravel by mechanical vibratory compactor over the full area of each layer until visual displacement ceases but no fewer than three complete passes. Compact each layer using appropriate compaction equipment until visual displacement ceases.

3.03 AGGREGATE FINISHING FOR WHEELCHAIR ACCESSIBLE SURFACE

A. All trails, pathways and pads are wheelchair accessible surfaces.

B. After compaction, water the aggregate surface thoroughly until the fines have completely settled from the surface. Then remove loose aggregate and dispose offsite. Add or remove fine, angular material as necessary to provide a finished surface that is smooth, hard, and meets wheelchair accessibility standards and meets specified slopes and grades.

END SECTION 321500