SEX and gender differences in language impairment, disability, and service receipt

Active Project Grant Awarded Last action

Award ID
R01DC021428
Recipient
Awarding agency
Obligated
$1,609,717

Award facts

Completion date 44% complete
Place of performance
Omaha, NE 68131, USA

Award details come from USAspending.gov.

Description

As the agency reported it.

Abstract
Community research samples reveal near parity in the ratio of boys to girls who meet criteria for developmental language disorder (DLD); however, in 2020-21, US school slps served twice as many boys as girls. Our primary goal is to determine why girls are less likely to receive language services than boys, a goal perfectly aligned with and highly responsive to 1) NIH's interest in diversity (not-OD-20-031), 2) the focus of the nidcd strategic plan on projects to improve women's health, and 3) the notice of special interest (NOSI): encouraging women's health research within the nidcd mission areas (not-DC-23-006). The service GAP could reflect legitimate differences in need: their tendency to demonstrate high effortful control may enable girls to stave off the disabling consequences of language impairment such that fewer girls need services, or they need later or different services than boys. Alternatively, the GAP could reflect inequities in access to health care. The gendered beliefs and practices that characterize families, communities, and societal institutions may encourage masking, lessen concerns about girls, or heighten concerns about boys. These hypotheses are tested via four specific aims. Aim 1: to determine the extent to which disability drives service receipt and whether this relationship varies by gender. We will mine a database of academic records and use generalized linear mixed models and regression to compare boys and girls in receipt, timing, and type of service relative to their needs. Aim 2: to explain the relationship between language disability and temperament and determine whether this relationship varies by gender. We will use a sequential explanatory design. In phase 1, we will use regression models to determine whether girls are less or differently disabled than boys, and whether the extent of disability relates to effortful control. In phase 2, we will interview children and parents to probe the role of high effortful control and other aspects of temperament as compensatory mechanisms. Aim 3: to determine the extent to which child internalizing behavior and child and caretaker gender bias affect service receipt and whether these relationships vary by gender. We will use a sequential explanatory design. In phase 1, we will use regression models to determine whether child internalization and gender bias are associated with delayed services for girls. In phase 2, we will interview parents to document their initial concerns about their child's language development, the timing between initial concern and help-seeking, and the role of internalization and other potential masking behaviors on the part of boys and girls in motivating or discouraging help-seeking. Aim 4: to determine the extent to which professionals differentiate the language-related needs of boys and girls and whether gender bias predicts differentiation. We will use an exploratory sequential design. In phase 1, we will conduct focus groups to document professionals' observations of language function in boys VS. Girls and their gendered expectations that affect service decisions. In phase 2, we will conduct surveys to determine generalization and relate gendered practices to an independent measure of gender bias via regression.

Transactions

Action Obligated Date
Amendment $25,642
Amendment SEX differences in language impairment, disability, and service receipt - community research samples reveal near parity in the ratio of boys to girls who meet… $479,599
Amendment $30,821
Amendment $483,725
Original award $589,930

Subawards

Subrecipient Amount Awarded
The University Of Iowa "Dr. Oleson is a Professor of Biostatistics, Director of Graduate Studies, Director of the Center for Public Health Statistics, at the University of Iowa. For… $22,756
University Of Limerick "Dr. Aoife Gallagher of the University of Limerick will (1) lead the development of all qualitative protocols; (2) train Ms. Eden in the administration of the… $30,821
The University Of Iowa Dr. Oleson is a Professor of Biostatistics, Director of Graduate Studies, Director of the Center for Public Health Statistics, at the University of Iowa. For 20… $22,756
University Of Limerick Dr. Aoife Gallagher of the University of Limerick will (1) lead the development of all qualitative protocols; (2) train Ms. Eden in the administration of the… $23,128
University Of Waterloo Dr. Hart is an expert in exploring the sources of individual differences on reading and math development, advanced statistical modeling, working with large… $83,894
The University Of Iowa Dr. Oleson is a Professor of Biostatistics, Director of Graduate Studies, Director of the Center for Public Health Statistics, at the University of Iowa. For 20… $22,756

Quick answers

Who received award R01DC021428?

R01DC021428 was awarded to Father Flanagan's Boys' Home by National Institute on Deafness and Other Communincation Disorders (National Institutes of Health) on September 1, 2024.

How much is award R01DC021428 worth?

$1,609,717 has been obligated on R01DC021428.

On GovTribe

See this award's full record

  • Every transaction and subaward
  • The recipient's other awards and teaming partners
  • Similar grant awards
  • Ask GovTribe AI about this award
Try for free Login