Collaborative research: SHF: medium: responsive parallelism for interactive applications: theory and practice

The National Science Foundation awarded the University of Connecticut $121,750 on October 1, 2025, under the Computer and Information Science and Engineering program (CFDA 47.070) to support collaborative research on responsive parallelism for interactive applications.

The research team is developing a calculus and formal programming language with cost semantics to model and reason about interactive parallel applications—those requiring frequent user or system interaction while maintaining responsiveness. The work encompasses advances in type systems, programming languages, scheduling theory, and runtime systems. Deliverables include a type system to prevent priority inversion bugs, scheduling algorithms that match cost semantics to guarantee performance criteria, and foundational theory connecting high-level application modeling to practical runtime behavior. The research targets application areas including web services, desktop clients for CAD/CAM, games, and mobile applications.

The award runs from October 1, 2025, through June 30, 2026, with place of performance at Storrs, Connecticut. The University of Connecticut administers the award through its Office Sponsored Programs.

Illinois Institute of Technology serves as a sub-recipient on the collaborative research effort, with a sub-award dated April 29, 2026.

Abstract

The hardware advances of recent years have brought multicore chips and parallel computing to the mainstream. As a result, today, parallelism is not found just in the traditional scientific applications that have dominated research and development in parallel computing in past decades. We must now consider parallelism in interactive applications which are characterized by frequent interactions with users or other software systems and therefore must be responsive. This project?S aim is to develop a practical approach to interactive parallel applications. The project?S novelty, in addition to focusing on this under-studied intersection of parallelism and interaction, is that IT follows an end-to-end methodology that brings together many areas of computer science and bridges theory with practice. The project has the potential to impact the design of several application areas that require large-scale interactive applications, including web services, desktop clients for CAD/cam, games, and a variety of mobile applications. This research?S end-to-end goals require advances in type systems, programming languages, scheduling theory, and runtime systems. The research team will develop a calculus for modeling interactive parallel applications at a high level of abstraction. This calculus will equip a fully general formal programming language based on church's lambda calculus with a cost semantics, making IT possible 1) to express interactive parallel applications and 2) to reason about the throughput and responsiveness of the programs. A type system will ensure the absence of thorny bugs such as priority inversions that can prevent establishing responsiveness guarantees. The investigators will prove that this calculus is realizable by developing scheduling algorithms that can faithfully match the cost semantics so as to guarantee the desired performance criteria. On the practical side, the project team will extend cilk, a C-based parallel programming language, to support interactive parallel applications. This will require developing a run-time system that faithfully implements the scheduling algorithms and optimizations that ensure practical performance. The educational component of this project, which involves teaching undergraduates parallel algorithms, will create ample opportunities to test the practical effectiveness of the proposed approach. This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.- subawards are not planned for this award.