TOP 8-2-110.pdf

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1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED 1 August 1997 FINAL

4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5. FUNDING NUMBERS

Test Operations Procedure (TOP) 8-2-110, Masks, Protective

6. AUTHOR(S)

7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION

REPORT NUMBER

Commander U.S. Army Dugway Proving Ground TOP 8-2-110

ATTN: STEDP-C

Dugway, UT 84022-5000

9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSORING/MONITORING

AGENCY REPORT NUMBER

Commander U.S. Army Test and Evaluation Command Same as item 8

ATTN: AMSTE-TM-T

Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005-5055

11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES

Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC), AD No:

This TOP supersedes TOP 8-2-110, October 1980.

12a. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT 12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE

Approved for public release; distribution unlimited.

13. ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 words)

This Test Operations Procedure (TOP) is intended to furnish basic testing information to facilitate test planning, conducting and reporting, and to achieve standardization testing of protective masks. It describes test facilities, equipment, and procedures to be used for testing of protective masks. It describes test facilities, equipment, and procedures, to be used for testing and evaluating protective mask technical performance and safety aspects.

14. SUBJECT TERMS 15. NUMBER OF PAGES

Protective mask chemical agents contamination rough handling NBC survivability adverse environments surface transportation reliability 141 physical properties logistics supportability sanitization decontamination biological & nuclear simulant 16. PRICE CODE

17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 18. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 19. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 20. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACT

OF REPORT OF THIS PAGE OF ABSTRACT

. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED SAR

NSN 7540-01-280-5500 Standard Form 298 (Rev. 2-89) Prescribed by ANSI Std 239-18 298-102

DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY

HEADQUARTERS, U.S. ARMY TEST AND EVALUATION COMMAND

ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND, MARYLAND 21005-5055

REPLY TO

ATTENTION OF

AMSTE-TM-T (70) 27 Aug 97

MEMORANDUM FOR Administrator, Defense Technical Information Center, 8725 John J. Kingman Rd., STE 0944 Ft Belvoir, VA 22060-6218

SUBJECT: Test Operations Procedure (TOP) 8-2-110, Masks, Protective, 1 Aug 97

1. Enclosed are DTIC Form 50 (Encl 1) and two copies of subject test operations procedure (Encl 2) for assignment of accession number.

2. This TOP supersedes TOP 8-2-110, AD No. A091737, 1 Oct 80, which should be removed from your library and discarded.

3. The TECOM point of contact is Mr. Wolfgang HR. Schmidt, AMSTE-TM-T, amstetmt@apg-9.apg.army.mil, DSN 298-1486.

FOR THE COMMANDER:

2 Endls . DAVI WN, Ph.D.

Chief, Simulation & Technology Div Directorate for Technical Mission j>I4

U.S. ARMY TEST AND EVALUATION COMMAND

TEST OPERATIONS PROCEDURE

O *Test Operations Procedure 8-2-110 1 August 1997

AD No.

MASKS, PROTECTIVE

Page

PARA GRAPH 1. SCOPE

2. FACILITIES AND IN STRUM EN TATION

2.1 Facilities

2.2 Instrum entation

3. REQUIRED TEST CONDITION S

3.1 Test Planning

3.2 Preparations for Test

4. TEST PROCEDURES

4.1 Receipt Inspection

4.2 Safety Evaluation

4.3 Operator Training and Fam iliarization

4.4 Initial Perform ance Test

4.5 M ask Fitting Test

4.6 Physical Properties

4.7 Optical Properties

4.8 Chem ical Agent Vapor Perm eation

4.9 Canister/Filter Test

4.10 W ear and Carry

4.11 Adverse Environm ents

4.12 Sanitization

4.13 Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical (NBC)

Contam ination Survivability

4.14 Resistance to Battlefield Contam inants

4.15 Packaged Rough Handling and Environmental Storage

4.16 Hum an Factors Engineering (HFE)

4.17 Reliability and Durability

4.18 Logistic Supportability and M aintainability

5. DATA REQUIRED

6. PRESENTATION OF DATA

6.1 Receipt Inspection

6.2 Safety Evaluation

6.3 Operator Training and Fam iliarization

6.4 Initial Perform ance

6.5 M ask Fitting Test

6.6 Physical Properties

6.7 Optical Properties

6.8 Chem ical Agent Vapor Perm eation

6.9 Canister/Filter Test

6.10 W ear and Carry

6.11 Adverse Environm ents

6.12 Sanitization

6.13 Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical (NBC)

Contam ination Survivability

6.14 Resistance to Battlefield Contam inants

6.15 Packaged Rough Handling and Environmental Storage

6.16 Hum an Factors Engineering (HFE)

6.17 Reliability and Durability

6.18 Logistic Supportability and M aintainability

APPEND IX A BACKGROUND INFORM ATION ...................................................................... A-I

B SAMPLE DATA SHEETS AND QUESTIONNAIRES ................................... B-1

C ABBREVIATION S ......................................................................................... C-1 D REFEREN CES ...................................................................................................... D-1

This TOP supersedes TOP 8-2-110, October 1980.

19970828 056

TOP 8-2-110

1 August 1997

1. SCOPE.

a. This test operations procedure (TOP) provides the current standard for planning and conducting tests to evaluate and/or estimate the technical performance of nuclear, biological, and chemical (NBC) masks, as defined in the Operational Requirement Document (ORD), Independent Assessment Plan (lAP), the Independent Evaluation Plan (IEP), the Test Design Plan (TDP), or other publications that pertain to the test item.

b. This TOP describes standard procedures for testing NBC protective masks and accessories. Cold weather testing is excluded from this TOP, as it is covered in TOP 8-4-006a.

c. The test procedures described herein may be required in a detailed test plan (DTP). The procedure may require modification for unique items or materials or to satisfy specific testing requirements as specified in an LAP or an IEP/TDP. However, alteration of this procedure shall be made only after full consideration of the possible effect the changes may have upon the reliability and validity of the data to be obtained and will be coordinated with all concerned organizations in advance. Appendix A contains a background discussion of various test equipment and challenge agents that have been used in previous protective mask tests. Appendix B contains miscellaneous test information including sample data sheets.

2. FACILITIES AND INSTRUMENTATION

2.1 Facilities.

Facilitly Requirement

Medical Clinic The clinic shall have medical authorities and equipment required to treat exposure to chemical agent or overexposure to simulant, or an adverse reaction to physiological stress. The staff shall include emergency medical technicians (EMTs) qualified in advanced life support. These EMTs shall be present during all chemical agent trials to observe possible adverse physiological responses in participants and to provide appropriate medical aid whenever necessary.

Quantitative Man/Fit Test System Shall include test booth, simulant vapor and aerosol generators, and all instrumentation necessary to perform quantitative man/fit testing, including sampling systems and recorders.

"Reference letters/numbers correspond to those in Appendix D, References.

Facility Requirement

Chemical laboratory and chemical Constructed to ensure safe and secure storage, handling, agent storage facility analysis, and decontamination of research, development, test, and evaluation (RDT&E) quantities of chemical agents. The chemical agent laboratory and personnel assignments must meet all requirements of U.S. Army Regulation (AR) 50-61, AR 190-592, and the safety requirements of U.S. Army Materiel Command Regulation (AMCR) 385-1003 and Department of the Army Pamphlet (DA PAM) 385-614.

Biological laboratory and test Required to store and prepare test quantities of chamber biological simulant materials, to charge disseminating devices and prepare samplers, and to analyze all biological simulants. Must be equipped with an air intake and an exhaust system. The exhaust system will include high-efficiency particulate filters. The chamber should allow free air circulation around the test item.

Personnel change room and shower To allow personnel to shower and change into clean test facility clothing before and after tests to reduce cross-contamination and contamination of facilities and non-test personnel.

Engineering control system Test areas in laboratories and chambers must be equipped with climatic controls that allow air temperatures and air exchange rates to be maintained at prescribed levels throughout the testing period.

Rough handling equipment:

a. Shock As specified in Military Standard (MIL-STD-) 81 0E 5, Method 516.4, Procedure II.

b. Vibration As specified in MIL-STD-8 1E 5, Category I, Method 514.4, Procedure I.

c. Low pressure (Altitude) As specified in MIL-STD-8 1 0E5, Method 500.3, Procedure I.

Climatic chambers Control temperature and relative humidity (RH) as required.

a. Solar Radiation (Sunshine) As specified in MIL-STD-810E 5, Method 505.3, Procedure I.

Facility Requirement

b. Rain As specified in MIL-STD-810E 5 , Method 506.3, Procedure I.

c. Humidity As specified in MIL-STD-81 lO 5, Method 507.3, Procedure II.

d. Fungus As specified in MIL-STD-81 OE5, Method 508.4, Procedure I.

e. Salt Fog As specified in MIL-STD-8 OE , Method 509.3, Procedure I.

f. Sand and Dust As specified in MIL-STD-80 OE5, Method 510.3, Procedures I and II.

2.2 Instrumentation.

Devices for Measuring Permissible Error of Measurement

Weighing scales ± 1.0 percent of item weight

Still color camera Adequate to document typical test procedures, details of techniques, and any discrepancies from planned procedures as necessitated by operational conditions.

Video camera and/or motion picture Adequate to monitor the test, document, and time test camera events and procedures.

Metric scale and tape measure ±1.0 mm

Chronometer +1.0 s

Air temperature ±0.50 C

RH +5 percent

Airflow -0.1 m/s

Graduated cylinder Standard for commercial items

Charcoal properties As specified in Military Specification (MIL-SPEC)

MIL-C-0013724D6 .

Tensile strength, tensile set, and As specified in American Society for Testing and elongation Materials (ASTM) Method D4127 .

is 1 August 1997

Devices for Measuring Permissible Error of Measurement

Tear resistance As specified in ASTM Method D6248 .

Haze As specified in ASTM Method D10039 and MIL-SPEC MIL-L-0050064F1 0 , Amendment 2.

Lens Protection As specified in MIL-STD-662E'1 lens capability against fragments.

Hardness As specified in ASTM Method D2240' 2 .

Ozone concentration As specified in ASTM Method D 114913.

Mask airflow resistance tester As specified in Q213 Inhalation/Exhalation Airflow Resistance Tester manual, Edgewood Arsenal (EA) Manual No. 136-300-296'4.

Canister/filter airflow resistance As specified in the Q127 dioctyl phthalate (DOP) Penetrometer Filter Tester manual, EA Manual No.

136-300-138"s.

DOP penetration As specified in the Q127 DOP Penetrometer Filter Tester manual, EA Manual No. 136-300-13815.

Microphone tester As specified in Q12A2 Microphone Functional Tester source control drawing no. 136-30-180I6.

Mask leakage tester As specified in M14 Protective Mask Leakage Tester manual, EA Manual No. 136-300-1817.

Physical optics characteristics As specified in ASTM Method D10441 8 , MIL-SPEC MIL-V-43511 C' 9, ASTM Method D1003 9, or other specified test method.

Outlet valve leakage tester As specified in M4A1 Outlet Valve Tester manual, EA Manual No. 136-300-28420.

Respirator (mechanical breather) -0.5 L of air per minute.

Accelerometer ±0. 1 percent (m/s2)

Aerosol and vapor generators Adjustable to meet challenge concentration requirements.

Devices for Measuring Permissible Error of Measurement

Devices to measure viscosity and As specified in TOP 8-2-1112I and TOP 8-2-50 122.

concentration, and penetration by chemical and biological agents and simulants.

Drinking device airflow resistance As specified in Q 179 Airflow Resistance Tester manual, EA Manual No. 136-300-26223.

Drinking device leakage As specified in M14 Protective Mask Leakage Tester manual, EA Manual No. 136-300-18'7.

Canister/Filter gas life As specified in Q224 Tester manual, EA Manual No.

136-300-29924 or Q95 Tester manual, EA Manual No.

136-300-19825.

Rough handling equipment As specified in the Q 113 Rough Handling Tester manual, EA Manual No. 136-300-6326.

3. REQUIRED TEST CONDITIONS.

3.1 Test Planning.

3.1.1 Experimental design. The statistical design of the test will be developed based on the requirements documents. The project officer will design the order and sequence of testing to ensure that the testing is performed in a balanced design to support the structure specified in the requirements documents, that is, not in a sequential or biased order. This is essential for obtaining data adequate to support the intended analysis and assessments.

3.1.2 Documentation. The project officer shall have available all pertinent documentation. These include the following: Human Use Committee Approval, government and manufacturers' publications, requirements document, IAP or IEP/TDP, Safety Assessment Report (SAR) including the Surgeon General toxicological approval of rubber formulation having dermal contact, test planning directive, system support package (SSP) list, Environmental Impact Assessment for Life Cycle (EIALC), Environmental Impact Statement (EIS), Record of Environmental Consideration (REC), and other documentation as necessary [e.g., TOPs and standing operating procedures (SOPs)].

These documents will contain test criteria, equipment or item specifications, and specific directions about the tests to be performed.

3.1.3 Familiarization. The test planning phase includes identifying potential problem areas by reviewing previous records and the results of similar tests. Relevant SOPs and other procedures to be used shall be reviewed for applicability, completeness, and adequacy. The development of DTPs requires review of the applicable lAP or the IEP/TDP and other test guidance, familiarization with preceding development and test phases, study of test criteria, and selection of appropriate samples, methods, sequences, facilities, and test equipment. Data from previous similar tests shall be considered in order to avoid duplication and to reduce the scope of further testing.

3.1.4 Environmental Assessment. In compliance with the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), the Department of the Army (DA) requires that an EIALC be prepared and that potential environmental impacts be assessed at the earliest practicable stage in the planning process of any new equipment. Testing at U.S. Army Test and Evaluation Command (TECOM) facilities must also be assessed for environmental impact. When a proposed action may significantly affect the quality of the environment, is highly environmentally controversial, or is expected to evoke litigation based on environmental issues, a detailed EIS shall be prepared and evaluated in accordance with (IAW) NEPA processes. Before the test begins, the project officer shall ensure that EIALC, EIS, REC, or other appropriate documentation has been prepared IAW AR 200-22T, is received, approved, and understood.

3.1.5 Human Use Protocol. Subtests that involve test participants (personnel engaged in or directly supporting, on site, the testing of a materiel system, methodology investigation, or instrumentation program) will address the safety aspects and procedures outlined in TECOM Regulation 385-728 and AR 70-2529.

3.2 Preparations for Test.

Test preparations include selecting and readying the test chamber, instruments, samplers, and equipment needed for exercise scenarios, and the selection and preparation of NBC mask components to be tested. Preparation may require certain preliminary activities to be included in the DTP. The project officer shall ensure that new equipment training (NET) is provided by the developer whenever necessary.

4. TEST PROCEDURES.

A sample flow of a protective mask test is provided in Figures 1 and 2.

4.1 Receipt Inspection.

. 4.1.1 Method.

4.1.1.1 General. All packaging and test items will be inspected lAW the applicable portions of TOP 8-2-5003o.

a. The developer's SARs and the SSP lists will be on hand before testing starts.

b. If basic issue item lists (BIlLs) are not contained in the draft technical manuals (TMs), separate draft BIILs will be on hand.

c. Test item identification numbers (TIINs) will be assigned, and the test items will be marked IAW

TOP 8-2-50030.

d. A logbook will be maintained.

4.1.1.2 Shipping Containers And Intermediate Packaging. Shipping containers and intermediate packaging will be visually inspected for damage, deterioration, loose closures, and correctness and legibility of markings. Markings will be examined for conformance to the requirements of MIL-STD-129 31. All defects will be photographed (with metric scale) and documented. Representative photographs (with metric scale) of the shipping containers and intermediate packaging will be made. The physical characteristics of the shipping boxes and intermediate packaging will be measured and recorded lAW TOP 8-2-50030.

ii

S

I

Figure 1. Sample Flow Diagram for Protective Mask Testing.

MIROHONEFNCINS CANISER/FILTER

LREPLCEMENT

50%*

MASK LEAKAGE

FANISTER/FILTER 5%

[OP PEETRATION

MASK FELTING

CANISTERIFILTER

BIOLOGICAL AEROSOL

OUTLET VALVE PENETRATION

LEAKAGE

END INITIAL PERFORMANC *OR PERCENTAGE

SUBTEST SPECIFIED BY IAP.

Figure 2. Testing Conducted During the Initial Performance Subtest.

4.1.1.3 Test Items.

a. The test items will be compared with the BIIL and the SSP for completeness. Any discrepancies will be recorded.

b. All components of the selected test items will be inspected for damage, deterioration, and defects. Damage will be photographed (with metric scale) and documented. The physical characteristics of the test items will be measured and recorded.

NOTES:

1. Individual canister/filter containers will only be removed from their hermetically sealed containers immediately before use in the specific subtests.

2. Any test item with an obvious defect that will cause a protection failure will be removed from further testing and replaced if possible.

4.1.2 Data Required.

4.1.2.1 Shipping Containers And Intermediate Packaging.

a. Observational and physical characteristics data.

b. Photographs (with metric scale) of all defects such as damage, deterioration, and illegible markings.

c. Photographs (with metric scale) of representative shipping containers and intermediate packaging.

d. A list of identification markings differing from MIL-STD-129 31.

4.1.2.2 Test Item Inventory And Inspection.

a. A list of items found on the BIlL and/or SSP but not present upon receipt or excess items will be reported.

b. Documentation and photographs (with metric scale) of any damage, deterioration, or defects.

c. Photographs (with metric scale) of representative test items.

d. Documentation of the physical characteristics of the test items, including TIN if applicable.

4.2 Safety Evaluation.

4.2.1 Method.

a. The protective masks and accessories will be inspected in all configurations to ensure that they comply with the provisions contained in the developer's SAR.

b. The protective mask and accessories will be examined for any defect, omission, or condition that could be detrimental to the safety of the wearer. A sample checklist is presented in Appendix B. Imperfect items will be repaired, if feasible, or removed from further testing.

c. A recommendation for a safety release will be submitted to TECOM IAW TECOM Supplement I to

AR 385-1632 at the completion of the operator training and familiarization subtest.

4.2.1.1 Data Required.

a. A recommendation for safety release, based on the compliance of the received protective masks and accessories with the developer's SAR.

b. Data on any safety-related defect, omission, or condition found in the protective masks or accessories.

c. Record of hazards, observed during any phase of testing, that can be attributed to the protective mask or accessories.

4.3 Operator Training and Familiarization.

A statistically adequate number of test personnel having corrective lenses will be included in all testing requiring masks to be worn by test personnel.

4.3.1 Method. Test personnel will receive training and familiarization lAW the applicable procedures of TOP 10-2-50 133 and the following:

a. The NET will be provided by the developer. Training will include safety instructions, assembly and disassembly, donning and doffing, use of drinking devices, care (maintenance, sanitization, and decontamination), and storage.

(1) All potential test participants will be processed through sizing and fitting. Protective mask size will be selected for each individual lAW the draft TM or other governing documents.

(2) Each test participant will be instructed on how to don the protective mask. The times required for donning will be recorded for comparison in the wear and carry subtest (paragraph 4.10). The donning procedure will be performed a minimum of three times by each test participant.

(3) Each test participant will be instructed on how to set up and use the drinking device and the microphone/communication subsystem (where applicable) lAW the instruction given in the draft TM. The times required for the drinking device set up will be recorded for comparison in the drinking device subtest (paragraph 4.4.4).

(4) Test personnel will be trained in the method of mask sanitization and decontamination given in the draft TM.

b. A copy of the draft TM and the written safety instructions will be issued to each test participant.

c. The fact that each test participant understands the requirement and use for each specific test item component will be verified.

d. Test personnel will become familiar with unique terminologies not otherwise defined in the supplied instructional material.

*~ 11

4.3.2 Data Required.

a. Number of personnel trained.

b. Name and military occupational specialty (MOS) (MOS required only for military personnel) of each person trained.

c. Hours of training:

(1) Lectures (+0.1 hour).

(2) Hands-on (+O. 1 hour).

(3) Maintenance (±O. 1 hour).

d. Interview and questionnaire data.

e. Description and photographs of difficulties encountered during training.

f. TIIN and number of hours each test item is used during training (± 1 hour).

g. Copy of NET lesson plan, if available.

h. Description of training aids required.

4.4 Initial Performance Test.

4.4.1 Mask Airflow Resistance Test. This test will be conducted to determine whether the protective mask meets the airflow resistance requirements specified in the criteria.

4.4.1.1 Method. The airflow resistance of each mask will be determined under ambient conditions using the Q213 Inhalation/Exhalation Airflow Resistance Tester or an approved equivalent tester as specified in the lAP. The Q213 Tester will be operated JAW the EA Manual No. 136-300-296's.

4.4.1.2 Data Required.

a. Mask TIIN.

b. Canister/filter airflow resistance (paragraph 4.9.1).

c. Mask inhalation airflow resistance (±0.1 mm H20).

d. Mask exhalation airflow resistance (±0.1 mm H20).

4.4.2 Mask Leakage Test. This test will be conducted to determine if any leak paths, such as cuts or voids in the material, exist in the faceblank material and to determine whether the interfaces between the molded facepiece and internal components are properly sealed.

4.4.2.1 Method. The mask leakage test will be determined using the M14 Protective Mask Leakage Tester or approved equivalent tester. The M14 Tester will be operated lAW EA Manual No. 136-300-18'7. During the leakage test, the air inlet(s) of the canister/filters will be sealed to prevent exposure to the challenge aerosol.

4.4.2.2 Data Required.

a. Mask TILNs.

b. Penetration of challenge aerosol (percent).

c. Area(s) of aerosol penetration.

4.4.3 Outlet Valve Leakage Test. This test will be conducted to determine whether the outlet valve of the protective mask meets the requirements specified in the criteria.

4.4.3.1 Method. The outlet valve of each mask will be tested for leakage using the M4AI Outlet Valve Leakage Tester or an approved equivalent tester as specified in the LAP. The M4A1 Tester will be operated IAW EA Manual No. 136-300-28420.

4.4.3.2 Data Required.

a. Mask TIIN.

b. Leakage rates (L/min).

4.4.4 Drinking System Flow Capability. The purposes of this test are to determine whether the drinking device has the required flow capability, whether it can be used satisfactorily in an NBC-contaminated environment without loss of protection for the user, and what the airflow resistances of the various components are.

4.4.4.1 Method. A statistically adequate number of tests will be performed to satisfy the reliability requirements of the criteria. This test will consist of a drinking device usage test and a drinking device leakage test.

a. Drinking Device Usage Test. While wearing the protective mask, test participants will prepare the drinking device lAW the instructions given in the draft TM. Once the drinking device is in place, the participants will attempt to drink 0.5 L of water within a 10-minute period. The time required to prepare the drinking device, the time required to receive water after initiating the drinking process, and the time it takes to drink the 0.5 L of water or the amount of water left after 10 minutes will be recorded.

b. Drinking Device Leakage Test. A leakage test will be performed while the drinking device is connected and disconnected from the water source. The challenge simulant aerosol will be performed with the M14 Protective Mask Leakage Tester. The tester will be operated lAW the instruction manual17. The challenge simulant will be confined to the area where the canteen connects to the drinking device. The canteen will be modified to permit uncontaminated airflow through the canteen and drinking device immediately after connection. Airflow will be regulated to provide an air pressure equivalent to the average value required to withdraw 0.5 L of water in a 10-minute period.

5 13

c. Airflow Resistance Test. The airflow resistance of the drinking tube, the quick disconnect coupling assembly, and the canteen cap will be measured using the Q179 Airflow Resistance Tester. The tester will be operated lAW the instruction manual23.

4.4.4.2 Data Required.

a. Mask TIIN.

b. The time required to prepare drinking device for use (±5 seconds).

c. The time required to receive water after initiating the drinking process (±5 seconds).

d. The time required to drink 0.5 L of water (±5 seconds) or the amount of water left (mL) after 10 minutes.

e. Leakage penetration data obtained while connecting and disconnecting the drinking device.

f. Airflow resistance of components (±0.1 mm H20).

g. Comments and observations concerning the use of the drinking device.

4.4.5 Microphone Functioning Test.

4.4.5.1 Method. The microphones will be tested with the Q12A2 Microphone Functional Tester. The tester will be operated lAW the specification control drawing no. 136-30-180I6.

4.4.5.2 Data Required.

a. Microphone TIIN.

b. For each microphone tested, the result will be reported as a success (continuity present) or a failure (continuity not present).

4.5 Mask Fitting Test.

These tests will be conducted to provide data concerning the adequacy of the sizing and fitting procedures given in the draft TM and to determine whether the mask provides the required protection to the wearer against field concentrations of chemical and biological agents in vapor and aerosol form. Challenges will be performed only with isoamyl acetate (approved for usage with human subjects by the Office of the U.S. Army Surgeon General).

4.5.1 Method.

4.5.1.1 General.

a. Preliminary sizing and fitting are to be performed lAW procedures outlined in the draft TM.

b. All masks designated for the fitting test will first be subjected to the mask leakage test as described in paragraph 4.4.2. Any mask that does not pass the mask leakage test will not be used in the fitting test.

c. After preliminary sizing and fitting is performed, a leakage test will be performed on masks worn by test participants. The leakage test will use isoamyl acetate, or stannic chloride, or M41 Protective Mask Fit Validation System (PMFVS).

4.5.1.2 Sizing Procedure. Face length and face width will be measured IAW MIL-STD-1472D3 4 for each potential test participant. These measurements will be compared with the 5th percentile (female) and the 95th percentile (male) given in MIL-STD-1472D or to the standard stated in the IAP. Any potential test participant with a face length or width outside the range given in MIL-STD-1472D will not be used in the mask leakage test.

4.5.1.3 Fitting Procedure.

a. A statistically adequate number of test subjects will be used to evaluate the fit of the mask. The test participants are to meet the conditions stated in the sizing procedure (paragraph 4.5.1.2). For each mask size there will be an approximately equal number (6 or more) of male and female test participants. The masks will then be leak tested in a simulated chemical/biological atmosphere under the following conditions:

(1) Masks only on clean shaven subjects.

(2) Masks with combat spectacles/inserts on clean-shaven subjects.

(3) Masks with hoods, helmets, and combat spectacles/inserts on clean-shaven subjects.

(4) Masks with hoods, helmets, and combat spectacles/inserts on subjects with 1-, 2-, and 3-day beard growth.

b. Each test participant will don and adjust his/her mask JAW the procedures given in the draft TM. A preliminary qualitative check will be performed with isoamyl acetate used IAW the procedures given in DA PAM 385-614. If the odor of isoamyl acetate is detected by the test participant, the mask will be readjusted and retested.

If leakage is again detected, the test participant will don different size masks until a proper fit has been obtained (as indicated by the isoamyl acetate test) or until it has been determined that the test participant cannot be properly fitted.

4.5.1.4 Fit Validation Test. This test will be performed for each of the test conditions stated in paragraph 4.5.1.3.

Isoamyl acetate will be used to obtain a preliminary qualitative mask fit check.

a. Before the test participant enters the aerosol test chamber, a sampling tube will be attached to the mask to provide means for continuously monitoring for the presence of the challenge simulant inside the mask. Other sampling devices, such as sampling patches, may be used in conjunction with the sampling tube.

b. The challenge chemical and biological agent simulants used in this test will be the simulants currently approved for use with human test participants.

0 15

c. The following activities will be performed by each test participant while in the test chamber for the time designated by test criteria:

(1) Normal breathing upon entry until a baseline percent penetration of the challenge simulant is established.

(2) Deep breathing.

(3) Rapid head movement, looking side to side.

(4) Rapid head movement, looking up and down.

(5) Talking [recite rainbow passage or Pledge of Allegiance, Appendix B].

(6) Touching knees and reaching for ceiling.

(7) On knees, looking up to left then up to right.

(8) Facial movements (yawning, smiling, frowning, rotating chin).

(9) Normal breathing.

d. If the average leakage percent exceeds the value that has been (or is being) agreed upon by the Joint Services Committee (JSC) for protective factor testing of masks, the participant will immediately discontinue the exercise and exit the chamber. After mask cleaning and adjustment, the participant will return to the chamber and continue the exercise. If the leakage recurs, the participant will exit the chamber, and the cause of the leakage will be determined.

4.5.2 Data Required.

a. Participant pulmonary function data.

b. Participant head and face measurements.

c. Mask leakage test (paragraph 4.4.2) results for each mask used in fitting test.

d. Size and TIIN for mask assigned to each test participant.

e. Name and gender of each test participant and notation concerning the presence or absence of facial hair (days growth) or combat spectacles/lenses.

f. Challenge aerosol/vapor time-concentration data.

g. Penetration aerosol/vapor time-concentration data for each activity performed by the test participant.

h. Description of site(s) and cause(s) of mask leakage.

i. Comments concerning the sizing and fitting procedures given in the draft TM.

j. Evidence of discomfort during or after the fit validation test will be noted as a remark on data sheets.

4.6 Physical Properties.

4.6.1 Tensile Test.

4.6.1.1 Method.

a. The tensile tests will be performed on test specimens of the various mask and accessory materials. A statistically adequate number of samples of each material will be tested to meet the requirements for the reliability estimation. Tests will be performed IAW the procedures given in ASTM Method D4127. Selection of conditioning and test temperature conduct shall be determined by coordination with the materiel developer.

b. No test specimen can be obtained from a mask component that would meet all the test specimen requirements. However, nonstandard specimens may be tested, but the results may not agree with tests carried out on standard specimens.

c. Tensile Strength/Elongation. One tensile test sample ("dumbbell") will be cut from each mask designated for the tensile strength test. The samples will be cut from the same location on each mask due to the varying thickness of the faceblank. Tensile strength will be measured at 100 and 200 percent elongation and at breakpoint.

(1) All specimens will be cut using ASTM D412-75 Die "C" in a manually operated press with masonite backup. Each specimen will be cut from the forehead of the mask, immediately above the eyes, laterally centered so that the mold parting line bisects the reduced section (middle) of the "dumbbell" specimen. All specimens will be

0.25 in (0.64 cm) wide.

(2) Specimens will be measured for thickness. The thinnest measurement on each specimen will be recorded and used to calculate the cross-sectional area and the stress. The specimens should be thickest at the parting line, in the middle of the "dumbbell" specimen.

(3) Specimens will be tested on an Instron® 1125 mechanical testing machine using self-tightening rubber grips and a pogo stick extensometer that marks the load/elongation curve at every 10 percent of elongation.

(4) Data will be passed to the machine's dedicated Microcon II data processor, which provides calculations for breaking load, breaking stress, load and stress at 100 percent elongation, and load and stress at 200 percent elongation.

(5) Statistical data will be calculated for each group of specimens (mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variance, and minimum/maximum values for the parameter in each group).

d. Pull Test. All headharnesses' rubber tabs (with straps/metal buckles) will be cut from each mask. Pull testing refers to measuring the tensile strength of the headharness attachment to the mask rubber. It is the maximum tensile stress applied during stretching the headharness tabs. The "pull-to-failure" (until it ruptures) test will be conducted on samples from the mask's strap/vulcanized rubber portions of the tabs.

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(1) The pull test will be conducted using the same Instron® 1125 machine and data processor cited above (without the extensometer) and using hydropneumatic flat-faced grips to load and hold the specimens. After removing the siding, metal portion of the buckle, the wire portion of the buckle will be gripped in the upper grip of the tester, and the mask rubber gripped in the lower grip of the machine.

(2) The only data required for the pull test will be the breaking load and location of break.

4.6.1.2 Data Required.

a. Mask TIIN.

b. Description of specimen.

c. Temperature and RH of test chamber.

d. Sample dimensions (cm).

e. Type and manufacturer of the test instrument.

f. Method used for mounting the specimens.

g. Tensile strength (MPa).

h. Tensile set (percent).

i. Elongation (percent).

4.6.2 Tear-Resistance Test.

4.6.2.1 Method. The tear resistance test will be performed on statistically adequate numbers of test specimens of facepiece and other designated materials to meet the requirements for reliability estimation. Tests will be performed lAW the procedures given in ASTM Method D6248. Selection of the proper die cut shall be determined by coordination with the materiel developer.

4.6.2.2 Data Required.

a. Mask TIIN.

b. Tear resistance (g/cm) of each sample of the various materials.

4.6.3 Durometer Test.

4.6.3.1 Method. Duurometer tests will be performed on statistically adequate numbers of test specimens of the facepiece and other component materials. Tests will be performed lAW the procedures given in ASTM Method D224012. Because there is no area of a faceblank as thick as 6 mm (0.25 in), the test will be performed on a stack of samples having a combined thickness of at least 66 mm (0.25 in). The results may not agree with those obtained on standard specimens (single pieces with a minimum thickness of 6 mm).

4.6.3.2 Data Required.

a. Mask TIIN.

b. Sample dimension (cm).

c. Complete identification of the test material.

d. Temperature and RH of the test chamber.

e. Type and manufacturer of durometer.

f. The time (sec) that pressure foot is in firm contact with the specimen.

g. Method used for mounting the specimens.

h. Number of pieces combined to form the specimen.

i. Hardness reading of the various materials.

4.6.4 Ozone Resistance Test.

4.6.4.1 Method.

a. Ozone resistance tests of the elastomers used in the construction of the protective masks and accessories will be performed lAW ASTM Method D1 149Is. A statistically adequate number of test specimens of each type of material will be used.

b. Specimens under tensile strain are exposed in a chamber containing an ozone-air-atmosphere at a controllable prescribed temperature. The concentration of the ozone can be varied and is measured with a spray-jet device or a counter-current absorption column. The specimens are examined at intervals and their condition recorded.

4.6.4.2 Data Required.

a. Mask TIIN.

b. Identification of the test material.

c. Temperature of test chamber (±I.00C).

d. Ozone concentration (±5.0 ppm by volume).

e. Airflow rate (L/min).

f. Time at which cracking first appears (min), and a description of the character of the ozone cracks at various periods of exposure.

* 19

g. Photographs of cracking.

h. Method used for mounting the specimen.

4.6.5 Lens/Faceblank Integrity Test.

4.6.5.1 Method. This test will be performed on a statistically adequate number of test specimens. The test will be performed JAW the procedures specified in ERDEC Internal Operating Procedure MAIOP-3.

4.6.5.2 Data Required.

a. Mask TIIN.

b. Mask leakage data (±0.0001 percent).

4.7 Optical Properties.

These tests will be conducted to determine whether the optical and durability properties of the lenses and outserts meet the requirements specified in the criteria.

a. Refractive power (+0.O1 diopter).

b. Distortion (±0.0 I diopter).

c. Defects (magnitude, number, and proximity).

d. Ultraviolet (UV) transmittance.

e. Durability

(1) Impact resistance.

(2) Abrasion resistance.

(3) Separation resistance.

(4) Adhesion.

(5) Leakage.

4.7.1 Luminous Transmittance.

4.7.1.1 Method. Photo Research Photometer Model 1980 and Photo Research Light Source (Gamma Lamp) Model PR 2301 are required to measure the luminous transmittance. Test should be conducted in accordance with paragraph 4.5.3, Military Specification MIL-V-435 11 C' 9, Visor, Flyer's Helmet, Polycarbonate. Luminous transmittance should be determined for each lens, each lens-clear outsert combination, and each lens-tinted outserts combination in accordance with ASTM Method D 10039.

4.7.1.2 Data Required.

a. TIIN.

b. Defects (magnitude, numbers, proximity).

c. Luminous transmittance (±0.1 percent).

4.7.2 Haze.

4.7.2.1 Method. Gardner Hazemeter Model UX10 and Gardner Digital Photometric Unit Model PG-5500 are required to conduct the haze measurements. Measurements should be conducted IAW the procedures in ASTM Method D 10039, Test for Haze and Luminous Transmittance of Transparent Plastics, and should be performed at the center point of each lens and each clear outserts.

4.7.2.2 Data Required.

a. TIIN

b. Haze (±0.1 percent)

4.7.3 Lens Distortion.

4.7.3.1 Method. Lens distortion should be measured with an Ann Arbor Optical Tester using a 50-line grating.

Distortion measurements of lens and lens outsert combinations should be made lAW Military Specification MIL-V-43511 C' 9, Visor, Flyer's Helmet, Polycarbonate.

4.7.3.2 Data Required.

a. TIIN

b. Vertical deviation (±0.01 diopter)

c. Horizontal deviation (±0.01 diopter).

4.7.4 Abrasion Resistance.

4.7.4.1 Method. Abrasion resistance should be determined lAW the procedures for curved surfaces described in paragraph 3.9.5, Military Specification MIL-L-0050064F'°, Lens, Ophthalmic, Simple.

4.7.4.2 Data Required.

a. TIIN.

b. Luminous transmittance before and after abrasion.

c. Haze before and after abrasion.

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4.7.5 Shatter Resistance.

4.7.5.1 Method. The shatter resistance of the mask lens will be tested JAW MIL-L-0050064F, Lens, Ophthalmic, Simple, using the Q39 Lens Impact Tester.

4.7.5.2 Data Required.

a. TIIN.

b. Shatter resistance.

4.7.6 Prismatic Deviations.

4.7.6.1 Method. Prismatic Deviations (vertical and horizontal) will be measured with an American Optical Focimeter that is calibrated for prismatic deviation units of 0.01 prism diopter and has a maximum range of 0.50 prism diopter for measurements of vertical and horizontal deviations made at the center points.

4.7.6.2 Data Required.

a. TIIN.

b. Prismatic deviations (+0.0 1 diopter).

4.7.7 Refractive Power.

4.7.7.1 Method. Refractive power will be measured with an American Optical Company Focimeter that is calibrated in units of 0.01 diopter and has a maximum range of 0.25 diopter. The mask will be positioned in the focimeter approximately as worn. Measurements will be made at the right and left center points.

4.7.7.2 Data Required.

a. TIIN.

b. Refractive power (±0.01 diopter).

4.7.8 Visual Field.

4.7.8.1 Method. A Haag-Streit perimeter will be used for visual field testing. The perimeter may require some modifications to accommodate the unusual positioning requirements of the mask and the test subject interpupillary distance. The target stimulus will be a high-contrast, 2-mm white-light circle that is projected onto the center of a hemisphere at a distance of 33 cm from the test subject's eye.

4.7.8.2 Data Required.

a. TIN.

b. Mapping of the peripheral field-of-view.

4.8 Chemical Agent Vapor Permeation.

These tests will be performed to determine the resistance properties of the mask component materials to vapor permeation of various chemical agents, such as mustard (HD), thickened soman (TGD), and V-agent (VX).

4.8.1 Method. This test will be conducted lAW TOP 8-2-50 122, Permeation and Penetration Testing of Air-permeable, Semipermeable, and Impermeable Materials with Chemical Agents or Simulants (Swatch Testing).

Because protective masks are made of nonporous materials, the procedures described in paragraph 4.4.a of TOP 8-2-501 will be used.

4.8.2 Data Required.

a. TIIN and complete description of the swatch.

b. Thickness of swatch.

c. Exposed area of each swatch.

d. Challenge agent.

e. Challenge agent concentration (g/m 2).

f. Purity of agent (percent).

g. Viscosity of agent (centistokes), if thickened.

h. Agent thickener, if applicable.

i. Permeation time (min).

j. Precision obtained on the analytical controls.

4.9 Canister/Filter Test.

4.9.1 Canister/Filter Airflow Resistance Test.

a. The purpose of this test is to determine whether the canister/filter meets the airflow resistance requirements.

This test is not required if a standard item accepted by a military specification is used. The canisters/filters tested may also be subjected to a DOP penetration test (paragraph 4.9.3) or a biological aerosol penetration test (paragraph 4.9.4) and/or one of the six gas-life tests (paragraph 4.9.5).

b. This test will be run prior to the mask airflow resistance test (paragraph 4.4.1).

4.9.1.1 Method.

a. The weight and record of manufacturer data for each canister/filter to be tested will be recorded.

* 23

b. The airflow resistance of the canister/filter will be measured with the Q127 Penetrometer, Filter Tester, DOP, or equivalent tester as specified in the lAP. The Q127 Tester will be operated IAW EA Manual No.

136-300-138'".

c. After completion of the airflow resistance test, each canister/filter will be sequentially subjected to a DOP penetration test (paragraph 4.9.3) using a Q 127 Penetrometer, Filter Tester, DOP, or biological aerosol penetration test (paragraph 4.9.4) and then a chemical agent gas-life test (paragraph 4.9.5).

4.9.1.2 Data Required. The following data will be obtained and recorded for each canister/filter:

a. Lot number and canister/filter TIIN.

b. Manufacturer data.

c. Weight at the time of airflow resistance test (g).

d. Airflow resistance (mm H20).

4.9.2 Canister/Filter Replacement Test. The purpose of this test is to determine whether the canister/filter can be replaced easily in the uncontaminated field environment with and without NBC survivable handwear and environmental handwear (excluding arctic handwear).

4.9.2.1 Method.

a. Canister/filter replacement will be performed IAW the instructions given in the draft TM. The canister/filter replacement times, comments, and observations will be recorded for replacement tests performed under six different conditions.

(1) Replacement performed using environmental handwear (leather gloves with cotton inserts) at a temperature of-32°C.

(2) Replacement performed with NBC handwear at a temperature of-32°C.

(3) Replacement performed without handwear in a temperature range of 10 to 32°C.

(4) Replacement performed using NBC handwear in a temperature range of 10 to 321C.

(5) Replacement performed without handwear at a temperature of 521C.

(6) Replacement performed using NBC handwear at a temperature of 52°C.

b. A statistically adequate number of tests will be performed under each condition to satisfy the reliability requirements for the criteria. All equipment used in the tests will be temperature-conditioned to the testing temperature.

c. The success or failure of each canister/filter replacement will be determined by leak testing with the M14 Protective Mask Leakage Tester. The leak tester will be operated IAW EA Manual No. 136-300-1817.

O 1 August 1997

d. The statistical design of the canister/filter replacement test requires that each individual performing the test will perform the canister/filter replacement under each of the six test conditions. The order of performance will be randomized.

4.9.2.2 Data Required. The following data will be collected for each of the six conditions.

a. Canister/filter TIIN.

b. Climatic data.

c. Canister/filter replacement time (±5 seconds).

d. Name of individual performing the test.

e. Leakage data for each canister/filter replaced.

f. Comments and observations concerning ease of replacement.

g. A list of any special tools and/or materials required for canister/filter replacement.

h. A description of any special training required for canister/filter replacement.

i. Comments and observations concerning the adequacy of instructions given in the draft TM.

4.9.2.3 Canister/Filter Carbon Properties Test. This test will be conducted to determine whether the impregnated charcoal used in the canister/filter for the protective mask meets the physical characteristics requirements for the test item. This test is not required if charcoal is purchased to a military specification.

4.9.2.4 Method. The charcoal used in the canister/filter will be tested lAW the procedures given in MIL-SPEC

MIL-C-00 13724D6 .

4.9.2.5 Data Required.

a. Canister/filter TIIN.

b. Particle size (given in percent by weight) of sample material passing through selected sieves as specified in

MIL-C-0013724D 6.

c. Physical properties of hardness, loss in weight, bulk density, and ammonia content.

d. Gas sorption for hydrogen cyanide (AC), phosgene (CG), cyanogen chloride (CK), arsine (SA), and sarin (GB).

4.9.3 Canister/Filter DOP Penetration Test. The purpose of this test is to determine whether the canister/filter resistance to DOP smoke penetration (or other appropriate challenge substance) meets the requirements specified in the criteria.

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4.9.3.1 Method. One-half (or the number specified in the IAP) of the canister/filters tested for airflow resistance (paragraph 4.9.1) will be tested for resistance to DOP penetration. Testing will be performed using Q127 Penetrometer, Filter Tester, DOP, or an equivalent tester as specified in the IAP and operated IAW the instruction manual.

4.9.3.2 Data Required.

a. Lot number and canister/filter TI[N.

b. Manufacturer data.

c. Weight of canister/filter before and after DOP penetration test (g).

d. DOP penetration (percent).

4.9.4 Canister/Filter Biological Aerosol Penetration Test. The purpose of this test is to determine whether the biological aerosol filtration capability of the canister/filters meets the requirements specified in the criteria.

4.9.4.1 Method.

a. One-half (or the number specified in the IAP) of the canister/filters tested for airflow resistance (paragraph 4.9.1) will be tested for resistance to biological aerosol penetration. Testing will be performed using the tester indicated in the IAP and operated IAW the instruction manual.

b. Each canister/filter will be weighed and the manufacturer data recorded before starting the biological aerosol penetration test.

c. The biological protection capabilities of the canister/filter will be determined using the agent or simulant specified in the IAP.