Prepared by:

Sustainable Engineering Solutions, LLC 865 Brook Street Rocky Hill, CT 06067

(860) 270-0413 www.sustainable-eng.com

IAQ Verification Report Whiting Lane Elementary School West Hartford Public Schools West Hartford, CT

SES Project No. 24-411 May 6th, 2026

Sustainable Engineering Solutions, LLC 865 Brook Street Rocky Hill, CT 06067 sustainable-eng.com

Table of Contents Executive Summary

IAQ Verification Process

Filter Evaluation

Ventilation Evaluation

Demand Control Ventilation

Project Approach

Participants

Facility Description

Building

Occupancy

Building Automation System Description

HVAC Systems Description

Air Handling Equipment

Exhaust Fans

Unit Ventilators

Recommendations

Initial Recommendations

Recommendation #1: Add Mechanical Ventilation To The Building

Recommendation #2: Repair Fresh Air Units (FA) Serving Gymnasium and Locker Rooms

Recommendation #3: Recalibrate/Repair VAVs

Recommendation #4: Rebalance Unit Ventilators

Recommendation #5: Filter Improvements

Recommendation #6: Rebalance/Repair Bathroom Exhaust Fan/s

Additional Findings

Finding #1: Install Variable Frequency Drives And Implement Demand Control Ventilation For Fresh Air Units

Next Steps

Review Recommendations

Appendix A IAQ Evaluation Sheet Appendix B International Mechanical Code Minimum Ventilation Rates (2021) per ASHRAE 62.1

Executive Summary Sustainable Engineering Solutions, LLC (SES) and Trueflow Testing and Balancing were retained by the Town of West Hartford to provide professional engineering and test and balancing (TAB) services to meet the indoor air quality (IAQ) verification requirements of the state legislation Public Act No. 23-167 at Whiting Lane Elementary School. This combined effort successfully completed the required verification as outlined in the legislation. With a focus on validating and improving indoor air quality, SES and Trueflow systematically assessed each air handling system to measure current ventilation rates, filtration rates and distribution levels compared to current ventilation standards.

Overall, the majority of the building’s spaces are not equipped with mechanical ventilation and utilize operable windows as the primary source of ventilation. Although operable windows are an acceptable means of ventilation, it is recommended that a renovation of a portion of the school building be performed to add mechanical ventilation to all spaces in the building.

The section below states several recommendations that once completed the building will meet all ventilation requirements.

Note that throughout this report the term “ventilation” air and “outside” are used interchangeably and are one in the same.

IAQ Verification Process Filter Evaluation As required by the law, the team reviewed the current level of filtration installed on each air handling system and analyzed the feasibility of increasing the filter ratings to MERV 13. A filter’s minimum efficiency reporting value, or MERV, is a rating system that measures how efficient a filter is at trapping harmful particulate matter, dust, and debris in the air. This rating system categorizes filters into a ranking from 2 to 20, with a MERV 8 being the standard. A higher MERV rating means that a filter is more efficient and MERV 13 is recommended for many commercial and industrial buildings and by state code. At its minimum, a MERV 13 filter traps less than 75% of air particles that are 0.3 to 1.0 microns in size and is at least 90% effective when the particles increase to 3 to 10 microns in size. Along with assessing the filter efficiencies, the condition of unit’s filters and proper sealing of the filter banks to eliminate bypass air was also evaluated.

Ventilation Evaluation The amount of ventilation air delivered into interior occupied spaces is governed by the 2022 Connecticut State Building Code, which references ASHRAE Standard 62.1. This code prescribes the flow rate of ventilation air that must be supplied mechanically, or otherwise, to occupied areas based on occupancy classifications. Depending on the type of use of a space and total space area, outdoor air flow rates in cubic feet per minute (CFM) per person and square foot are defined when the parameters are known. When total occupants per space are unknown, the code defines occupant density for each classification type in number of occupants per space floor area. The final flow rate in CFM for every occupied space can thus be calculated.

As an alternative to providing outside air mechanically to occupied spaces, the building code also allows for outside air to enter occupied areas naturally through operable windows. If the area of operable windows for an occupied space is at least 4% of the space’s floor area, mechanical ventilation for that space is not required by code. However, although spaces with sufficient operable window area may satisfy code requirements, this is not a realistic way of providing adequate ventilation during periods of cold or hot weather.

The amount of outside air supplied to occupied spaces is important for occupant comfort and health because contaminants generated by people and materials in the space must be removed or they will build up to unhealthy levels. Diluting interior air with outside air reduces the concentration of carbon dioxide, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) along with various airborne viral and bacterial contaminants.

Demand Control Ventilation In certain applications, the amount of outside air delivered to a space can be reduced if occupancy and indoor air quality can be safely monitored and controlled. This is most typically accomplished through monitoring carbon dioxide (CO2) and occupancy sensors in the space, otherwise known as “Demand Control Ventilation” or DCV. As occupancy rises in a space, so does the amount of CO2 as a result of the occupant’s natural respiration and exhalation of CO2. By monitoring CO2 and occupancy status, an HVAC system can reduce the amount of outside air to a zone when levels and occupancy are low. If CO2 levels rise above a certain threshold or occupancy is detected, the HVAC system can then increase the amount of fresh air until the levels fall back below an acceptable level. Having an operational demand control ventilation strategy in place will help reduce energy consumption of a facility while simultaneously ensuring all spaces are achieving the required fresh air requirements.

Project Approach During the review of the school, SES took the following steps to complete the study:

• Develop an IAQ evaluation plan and conduct a kickoff meeting with the client and Trueflow to review the plan, project schedule, access, etc.

• Perform a walkthrough of the building to review the HVAC systems providing ventilation air for a condition assessment of the systems and understand any maintenance issues that may be related.

• Review available documentation for the HVAC systems that includes:

o As-built drawings or original design drawings o O&M documentation for systems performance data o Review any previous testing adjusting and balancing reports from the HVAC systems o Review documentation describing the chronology of known problems, system failures, complaints, and alterations.

• Develop IAQ evaluation documentation for field evaluation of equipment.

• Perform field evaluation of equipment for ventilation sequence of operation and verify calibration of CO2 sensors where used (+/- 50 PPM).

• Review Trueflow’s completed ventilation rate verification sheets for each space for compliance with ASHRAE 62.1

• Review the Trueflow’s completed unit data sheets for each system providing ventilation air for ventilation airflows, filter condition and efficiency, damper conditions and maintenance adequacy.

• Prepare a report that summarizes the verification process, identifies any deficiencies that require correction and any recommendations to address the deficiencies found and next steps.

Participants The participants in the IAQ verification process for this project are identified below.

Owner

West Hartford Public Schools 50 South Main Street West Hartford, CT 06107 Contact: Robert Palmer Email: Robert.palmer@westhartfordct.gov

Engineer

Sustainable Engineering Solutions, LLC 865 Brook Street Rocky Hill, CT 06067 Contact: Jake Lyga, CEM Email: jlyga@sustainable-eng.com

TAB Provider

Trueflow 121 Broadway Street, Suite 1 Colchester, CT 06415 Contact: Bonnie Deschaine Email: bonnie@trueflowct.com

Facility Description Building

Building: Whiting Lane Elementary School

Credit: Homes.com

Location: 47 Whiting Ln, West Hartford, CT 06119

Building Size (gross): 96,817 Year Constructed: 1954 Building Use (current): Education

Whiting Lane Elementary School was constructed in 1954 to replace the East School, which was originally constructed in 1888. Although originally being built to serve as a middle school, Whiting Lane School is now an elementary school, teaching students ranging from preschool age through Grade 4. Since construction, a renovation occurred in 1996, installing new roof top units, air handling units, unit ventilators, cabinet unit heaters and other terminal equipment. The building houses classrooms, offices, media center, gymnasiums and more.

Occupancy The building is occupied Monday through Friday between 7 a.m. and 4 p.m. Special events are held on the weekends and after hours as needed for school extracurricular activities. In addition, the school hosts summer school activities during the summer break.

Building Automation System Description The HVAC system is controlled by an SNE building automation system. This system has graphics for several air handling units and unit ventilators. The majority of the equipment in the building is not yet tied into the building management system.

HVAC Systems Description

Air Handling Equipment Whiting Lane School is served by eleven (11) air handling units. Eight (8) of these are 100% outside air Fresh Air (FA) units, each dedicated to a single zone. These FA units draw in outside air through open/close dampers, filter it, and heat it as required before delivering it to the space. Each zone also includes a corresponding exhaust fan to maintain proper space pressurization.

Two additional units, AHU-1 and AHU-2, are ducted air handling units installed above the ceiling grid. Each unit is connected to ducted outside air and provides ventilation to the main office area, including the nurse’s office. These units serve variable air volume (VAV) boxes, allowing for the delivery of outside air to be adjusted based on actual space occupancy for each area served.

The eleventh unit is a rooftop unit (RTU) located on the roof, which serves the media center. This packaged unit utilizes integral controls to mix return and outside air to provide heating, cooling, and ventilation.

Unit Tag Serves Type FA-AUD Auditorium 100% Outside Air Constant Volume

FA-MUSIC Music Practice 100% Outside Air Constant Volume FA-CAFÉ Cafeteria 100% Outside Air Constant Volume

FA-BOYS LR Boys Locker Room 100% Outside Air Constant Volume FA-BOYS GYM Boys Gymnasium 100% Outside Air Constant Volume FA-GIRLS LR Girls Locker Room 100% Outside Air Constant Volume

FA-GIRLS GYM Girls Gymnasium 100% Outside Air Constant Volume FA-ROOMS Room 41, 42 & 43 100% Outside Air Constant Volume

AHU-1 Main Office Multi-Zone Constant Volume AHU-2 Main Office Multi-Zone Constant Volume

RTU Library Single Zone Constant Volume

Typical Fresh Air (FA) Unit

Exhaust Fans Twenty-five exhaust fans are distributed throughout the school building and on the roof. These fans serve a variety of spaces, including classrooms (to offset outside air supplied by the unit ventilators), restrooms, storage rooms, and other areas.

An additional exhaust fan, EF-1, serves the classrooms by exhausting air, with replacement (makeup) air intended to be introduced through operable windows to provide ventilation to the spaces.

Exhaust Fan – EF-1

Unit Ventilators Unit ventilators with outside air intakes were found in the school. These units mix outside air with return air and heat as needed to satisfy space temperature setpoint. Units are integrated into the BMS.

Recommendations The following recommendations were made based on the review of TAB report, ventilation comparisons to the IMC Minimum Ventilation Rates (2021) and industry best practices. Additional supporting information can be found in the Appendices of the report.

Due to the limited area of focus of the required IAQ verification and this review, SES strongly recommends verifying the condition of all related HVAC equipment components and control functionality outside of the scope of this verification, prior to implementing any modifications to the HVAC systems.

Initial Recommendations

• Recommendation #1: Add Mechanical Ventilation To The Building

• Recommendation #2: Repair Fresh Air Units (FA) Serving Gymnasium and Locker Rooms

• Recommendation #3: Recalibrate/Repair VAVs

• Recommendation #4: Rebalance Unit Ventilators

• Recommendation #5: Filter Improvements

• Recommendation #6: Rebalance/Repair Bathroom Exhaust Fan/s

Recommendation #1: Add Mechanical Ventilation To The Building Currently, 43 spaces in the building were noted by the testing and balancing contractor during measurements to not have supply grilles and currently have no sources of mechanical ventilation. It is believed that the additional design intent of these spaces was to utilize mechanical return/exhaust from the space to negatively pressurize the space to draw in fresh air through open windows or nearby spaces. Although utilizing operable windows as a source of mechanical ventilation is an allowable source of ventilation, it is not recommended as it requires manual intervention to open/close windows. It also allows unconditioned (cold, hot, humid, etc.) air into the space.

SES recommends the client review options for providing mechanical ventilation to the spaces noted as supplying “0 CFM” of Actual Ventilation Airflow (CFM) in the spreadsheet in Appendix A.

Recommendation #2: Repair Fresh Air Units (FA) Serving Gymnasium and Locker Rooms During on-site testing and balancing measurements, four fresh air units, two serving the gymnasium (boys and girls sides) and two serving the locker rooms (boys and girls locker rooms) were found to be inoperable. The units could not be enabled to record measurements.

SES recommends FA units’ operation be reviewed and units be repaired to restore proper mechanical ventilation to the associated spaces.

Recommendation #3: Recalibrate/Repair VAVs The survey found that five of the nine VAV units in the building are currently out of calibration. Based on a review of the contractor’s testing and balancing data, all five units require inspection of their integral terminal dampers. Three VAVs indicated damper positions at 0% open while delivering airflow above their setpoints during measurement. Conversely, two VAVs showed damper positions at 100% open but were measured to be below their target airflow setpoints.

SES recommends the dampers within the VAVs are reviewed for operation. If operation of the damper is confirmed, calibration of sensors and devices indicating damper position and airflow should be reviewed for calibration.

See table below for breakdown of VAVs field measurements and operating conditions at the time of measurement.

Recommendation #4: Rebalance Unit Ventilators The survey indicated that the unit ventilators in the building are not currently delivering sufficient outdoor air to meet minimum ventilation requirements. Although many spaces were found to comply with code-required ventilation rates, this was primarily achieved through the use of operable windows. While operable windows are an acceptable means of ventilation per code, they are generally not recommended as they can lead to space conditions that are either overheated or overcooled.

In addition, this approach relies on occupant action to open windows, which typically does not occur consistently.

Since the unit ventilators serve as the primary means of heating and cooling, proper calibration and operation should be restored. Any unit ventilator found to have a non-functioning outside air damper should have the damper and/or actuator replaced to re-establish proper operation. It was also observed that several unit ventilators share a common outside air connection with adjacent units; therefore, the method of distributing outside air to individual units should be reviewed for adequacy and proper control.

As a result of the issues identified above, SES recommends the outside air dampers for the UVs in the following table are re-balanced to their new calculated minimum outside airflow setpoint noted in the below and a new minimum outside air damper position established that correlates with the airflow setpoint.

VAV # Space Desired Airflow Setpoint (CFM)

BMS Airflow

(CFM)

BMS Damper Position (%)

TAB Measured Airflow (CFM)

MF-1 Office 28 100 57 100% 68 MF-3 Nurse’s Office 250 441 0% 454 MF-4 Conference Room A 100 222 0% 273 MF-5 Main Office 50 94 0% 108 MF-9 Principal’s Office 150 110 100% 0

Space TAB Measured Outside Airflow (CFM) Calculated Outside Airflow (CFM) Preschool 27 – UV#1 51 260 Preschool 26 – UV#2 238 260 Preschool 25 – UV#3 112 220 Preschool 24 – UV#4 78 200 Preschool 23 – UV#5 142 225 Preschool 22 – UV#6 232 250 Classroom 21 – UV#7 65 315 Classroom 20 – UV#8 71 345 Classroom 19 – UV#9 0 315 Classroom 18 – UV#10 0 345 Classroom 17 – UV#11 101 335 Classroom 16 – UV#12 99 335 Classroom 15 – UV#13 44 300

Recommendation #5: Filter Improvements Currently all air handling units were found to be installed with MERV 8 or 10 filters. SES recommends replacing and upgrading all final filters to at least MERV 13 for increased filtration efficiency.

Recommendation #6: Rebalance/Repair Bathroom Exhaust Fan/s During review of TAB data, the following bathrooms do not meet exhaust ventilation requirements. Due to the age of the building and missing drawings, the exact exhaust fan intended to ventilate each space could not be determined. Operation of exhaust fans and condition of exhaust duct in these spaces should be reviewed.

Space TAB Measured Exhaust (CFM) Calculated Exhaust (CFM) Women’s BR Across From Classroom 15 0 25

Men’s BR Next To Conference A 23 75 Women’s BR Across From Room 33 64 75

Unisex BR In Classroom 38 0 25 Girl’s BR Gym 0 115 Boy’s BR Gym 0 100

Unisex BR Left Gym 47 165

SES recommends that exhaust fans and exhaust duct connections in these spaces be reviewed for proper operation, functionality and that all connections remain.

Additional Findings In addition to the above-mentioned recommendations specific to the focus of this program, SES has identified the following operational deficiencies that we recommend are further reviewed and possibly implemented.

Finding #1: Install Variable Frequency Drives And Implement Demand Control Ventilation For Fresh Air Units Four fresh air units (FA) were found to be supplying exceedingly high levels of ventilation air to the spaces served. Since the units are 100% outside air units, the ventilation requirements should equal the supply airflow provided to the space. If the fan speeds are reduced and FA units are allowed to provide a lower quantity of airflow, electrical savings will be realized from reducing the average fan speed during the day and heating savings will be realized by reducing the quantity of outside air that requires heating.

SES recommended implementing a demand control ventilation control sequence for each FA as follows:

1. Add/Review integration of all FA units into building management system.

2. A variable frequency drive shall be installed for FA Unit and Associated Exhaust Fan (approximately 8 VFDs)

3. A TAB contractor should determine new MIN-OA and MAX-OA fan speeds that correspond to the airflows listed in the table below.

4. A sequence should be programmed for the FAs as follows: “Under normal conditions, the unit operates at the minimum outside air supply and exhaust fan speed %. When space CO2 levels exceed the setpoint (to be initially set at 1100ppm), the supply and exhaust fans modulate towards their maximum outside air fan speed %. subject to a low mixed air temperature of 50°F (adj.). As CO2 levels drop below the setpoint, the supply and exhaust fan speeds shall return to the minimum.

Unit Tag Served Current Airflow TAB (CFM) MIN OA FLOW MAX OA FLOW FA-AUD Auditorium 5,694 140 1,290 FA-CAFÉ Cafeteria 2,983 640 2,320

FA-ROOMS Room 41,42,43 504 60 200 FA-MUSIC Music Practice 679 50 150

Next Steps Review Recommendations It is recommended that the client review this report and the proposed recommendations for further clarification, if needed and decide a course of action. SES can provide additional assistance if needed, to further analyze and develop these recommendations for future implementation, and if desired, provide commissioning of the implemented measures.

Appendix A: IAQ Evaluation Sheet

Tag AREA SERVED Type Pre-Filter

Condition

Final Filter

Conditon Unit Condition Outside Air Control Method CO2 Control? Supply Airflow Min. Outside Airflow3 % OA

Summated OA

Airflow

Calculated Min.

Outside Airflow % OA2 Comments

AHU-1 Main Office Multi-Zone Variable Volume 1 1 FAIR Fixed Outside Air NA 904 442 49% 301 310 34%

AHU-2 Main Office Multi-Zone Variable Volume 1 1 FAIR Fixed Outside Air NA 310 190 61% 317 320 103% Unit enabled and supply fan did not operate.

FA-AUD Auditorium Single Zone Constant Volume 3 3 FAIR 100% Outside Air NA 5694 5694 100% 1,286 1,290 23%

FA-BOY-GYM Boys Gymnasium Single Zone Constant Volume NA NA POOR 100% Outside Air NA 0 0 #DIV/0! 9,127 9,130 #DIV/0!

FA-BOY-LR Boys Locker Room Single Zone Constant Volume NA NA POOR 100% Outside Air NA 0 0 #DIV/0! - - #DIV/0!

FA-CAFÉ Cafeteria Single Zone Constant Volume 1 1 FAIR 100% Outside Air NA 2983 2983 100% 2,320 2,320 78%

FA-ROOMS Room 41,42,43 Single Zone Constant Volume NA NA GOOD 100% Outside Air NA 504 504 100% 199 200 40%

FA-GIRL-GYM Girls Gymnasium Single Zone Constant Volume NA NA POOR 100% Outside Air NA 0 0 #DIV/0! 9,127 9,130 #DIV/0!

FA-GIRL-LR Girls Locker Room Single Zone Constant Volume NA NA POOR 100% Outside Air NA 0 0 #DIV/0! - - #DIV/0!

RTU Library Single Zone Constant Volume 1 1 FAIR Fixed Outside Air NA 5144 302 6% 542 550 11%

FA-MUSIC Music Practice Single Zone Constant Volume 3 3 FAIR 100% Outside Air NA 679 679 100% 143 150 22%

TAB Measured Filters (1 = clean, 2 = partially loaded, 3 = dirty)

IMC 2021 Ventilation Assessment

Unit Tag Room # Category Infiltration ZoneArea, Az, per space (SF)

Zone

Population, Pz, per space

People OA Rate in

Breathing Zone, Rp

(CFM/person)

Area OA Rate in

Breathing Zone, Ra

(CFM/SF)

Default Occupant

Density

Breathing Zone OA

(CFM) Vbz=RpPz+RaAz

Table 6-2 Zone Air

Distribution

Effectiveness

Zone OA Flow, Voz Min. Ventilation

Airflow (CFM)

Actual Supply

Airflow (CFM)

% OA

Actual Ventilation

Airflow (CFM)

Ventilation Difference

(CFM)

Ventilation

Difference (%)

Code Satisified?

Comments

UV #1 Preschool 27 Classrooms (ages 5 to 8) Yes 816 16 10 0.12 25 258 1 258 258 1164 4% 51 (207) -80% Yes*

UV #10 Classroom 18 Classrooms (ages 5 to 8) Yes 960 23 10 0.12 25 345 1 345 345 979 0% - (345) -100% Yes*

UV #11 Classroom 17 Classrooms (ages 5 to 8) Yes 960 22 10 0.12 25 335 1 335 335 1112 9% 101 (234) -70% Yes*

UV #12 Classroom 16 Classrooms (ages 5 to 8) Yes 940 22 10 0.12 25 333 1 333 333 993 10% 99 (234) -70% Yes*

UV #13 Classroom 15 Classrooms (ages 5 to 8) Yes 798 20 10 0.12 25 296 1 296 296 888 5% 44 (252) -85% Yes*

UV #4 Preschool 24 Classrooms (ages 5 to 8) Yes 816 10 10 0.12 25 198 1 198 198 1059 7% 78 (120) -61% Yes*

UV #7 Classroom 21 Classrooms (ages 5 to 8) Yes 960 20 10 0.12 25 315 1 315 315 926 7% 65 (250) -79% Yes*

UV #6 Preschool 22 Classrooms (ages 5 to 8) Yes 804 15 10 0.12 25 246 1 246 246 1190 19% 232 (14) -6% Yes*

UV #5 Preschool 23 Classrooms (ages 5 to 8) Yes 845 12 10 0.12 25 221 1 221 221 1059 13% 142 (79) -36% Yes*

UV #8 Classroom 20 Classrooms (ages 5 to 8) Yes 960 23 10 0.12 25 345 1 345 345 964 7% 71 (274) -79% Yes*

UV #3 Preschool 25 Classrooms (ages 5 to 8) Yes 833 12 10 0.12 25 220 1 220 220 1140 10% 112 (108) -49% Yes*

UV #2 Preschool 26 Classrooms (ages 5 to 8) Yes 816 16 10 0.12 25 258 1 258 258 1448 16% 238 (20) -8% Yes*

UV #9 Classroom 19 Classrooms (ages 5 to 8) Yes 960 20 10 0.12 25 315 1 315 315 898 0% - (315) -100% Yes*

AHU-2 Main Office Main entry lobbies Yes 658 6 5 0.06 10 69 1 69 69 108 61% 66 (4) -5% Yes* MF-5

AHU-2 Main Offfice Main entry lobbies Yes 658 6 5 0.06 10 69 1 69 69 0 61% - (69) -100% Yes* MF-7. Beleive VAV was removed in renovation.

AHU-2 Main Office Main entry lobbies Yes 658 6 5 0.06 10 69 1 69 69 118 61% 72 3 4% Yes MF-6

AHU-2 Main Office Main entry lobbies Yes 658 6 5 0.06 10 69 1 69 69 84 61% 51 (18) -26% Yes* MF-8

AHU-2 Principal's Office Office spaces Yes 240 5 5 0.06 5 39 1 39 39 0 61% - (39) -100% Yes* MF-9

AHU-1 Conference Room A Conference rooms No 288 8 5 0.06 50 57 1 57 57 273 49% 134 76 134% Yes MF-4

AHU-1 Nurse's Office Daycare Sickroom Yes 564 8 10 0.18 25 181 1 181 181 454 49% 222 41 23% Yes MF-3

AHU-1 Office 28 Office spaces Yes 135 5 5 0.06 5 33 1 33 33 68 49% 33 0 1% Yes MF-1

AHU-1 Office 29 Office spaces Yes 150 4 5 0.06 5 29 1 29 29 109 49% 53 24 84% Yes MF-2

EF-1 Classroom 1 Classrooms (ages 9 plus) Yes 841 19 10 0.12 35 291 1 291 291 0 0% - (291) -100% Yes*

EF-1 Coat Room Main entry lobbies No 325 36 5 0.06 10 200 1 200 200 0 0% - (200) -100% No

EF-1 Classroom 2 Classrooms (ages 9 plus) Yes 841 19 10 0.12 35 291 1 291 291 0 0% - (291) -100% Yes*

EF-1 Classroom 3 Classrooms (ages 9 plus) Yes 798 22 10 0.12 35 316 1 316 316 0 0% - (316) -100% Yes*

EF-1 Coat Room Main entry lobbies No 267 36 5 0.06 10 196 1 196 196 0 0% - (196) -100% No

EF-1 Classrom 4 Classrooms (ages 9 plus) Yes 841 18 10 0.12 35 281 1 281 281 0 0% - (281) -100% Yes*

EF-1 Office 1 Office spaces No 162 5 5 0.06 5 35 1 35 35 0 0% - (35) -100% No

EF-1 Office 2 Office spaces No 378 12 5 0.06 5 83 1 83 83 0 0% - (83) -100% No

EF-1 Classroom 5 Classrooms (ages 9 plus) Yes 841 20 10 0.12 35 301 1 301 301 0 0% - (301) -100% Yes*

EF-1 Coat Room Main entry lobbies No 312 39 5 0.06 10 214 1 214 214 0 0% - (214) -100% No

EF-1 Classroom 6 Classrooms (ages 9 plus) Yes 841 23 10 0.12 35 331 1 331 331 0 0% - (331) -100% Yes*

EF-1 Classroom 7 Classrooms (ages 5 to 8) Yes 841 21 10 0.12 25 311 1 311 311 0 0% - (311) -100% Yes*

EF-1 Coat Room Main entry lobbies No 332 34 5 0.06 10 190 1 190 190 0 0% - (190) -100% No

EF-1 Classroom 9 Classrooms (ages 5 to 8) Yes 841 20 10 0.12 25 301 1 301 301 0 0% - (301) -100% Yes*

EF-1 Classroom 8 Classrooms (ages 5 to 8) Yes 841 19 10 0.12 25 291 1 291 291 0 0% - (291) -100% Yes*

EF-1 Coat Room Main entry lobbies No 332 34 5 0.06 10 190 1 190 190 0 0% - (190) -100% No

EF-1 Classroom 10 Classrooms (ages 5 to 8) Yes 841 20 10 0.12 25 301 1 301 301 0 0% - (301) -100% Yes*

EF-1 Classroom 11 Classrooms (ages 5 to 8) Yes 841 21 10 0.12 25 311 1 311 311 0 0% - (311) -100% Yes*

EF-1 Coat Room Main entry lobbies No 325 36 5 0.06 10 200 1 200 200 0 0% - (200) -100% No

EF-1 Classroom 13 Classrooms (ages 5 to 8) Yes 841 24 10 0.12 25 341 1 341 341 0 0% - (341) -100% Yes*

EF-1 Classroom 12 Classrooms (ages 5 to 8) Yes 841 23 10 0.12 25 331 1 331 331 0 0% - (331) -100% Yes*

EF-1 Coat Room Main entry lobbies No 332 44 5 0.06 10 240 1 240 240 0 0% - (240) -100% No

EF-1 Classroom 14 Classrooms (ages 5 to 8) Yes 841 27 10 0.12 25 371 1 371 371 0 0% - (371) -100% Yes*

EF-1 Office 13A Office spaces No 128 5 5 0.06 5 33 1 33 33 0 0% - (33) -100% No

EF-1 Office 25A Office spaces No 130 6 5 0.06 5 38 1 38 38 0 0% - (38) -100% No

EF-1 Office 33 Office spaces Yes 264 10 5 0.06 5 66 1 66 66 0 0% - (66) -100% Yes*

EF-1 Teacher Lounge Conference rooms Yes 450 13 5 0.06 50 92 1 92 92 0 0% - (92) -100% Yes*

EF-1 Office 35 Office spaces Yes 247 5 5 0.06 5 40 1 40 40 0 0% - (40) -100% Yes*

EF-1 Classroom 38 Classrooms (ages 5 to 8) Yes 495 15 10 0.12 25 209 1 209 209 0 0% - (209) -100% Yes*

EF-1 Office in Classroom 38 Office spaces No 113 4 5 0.06 5 27 1 27 27 0 0% - (27) -100% No

EF-1 Office 39 Office spaces No 210 6 5 0.06 5 43 1 43 43 0 0% - (43) -100% No

RTU Library Libraries Yes 2,640 45 5 0.12 10 542 1 542 542 5144 6% 309 (233) -43% Yes*

EF-1 IT Office Office spaces No 250 2 5 0.06 5 25 1 25 25 0 0% - (25) -100% No

EF-1 Office to the right of IT Office spaces No 68 1 5 0.06 5 9 1 9 9 0 0% - (9) -100% No

EF-1 Speech and Language 36 Office spaces No 378 14 5 0.06 5 93 1 93 93 0 0% - (93) -100% No

EF-1 Studdy cubby on the right Office spaces No 60 3 5 0.06 5 19 1 19 19 0 0% - (19) -100% No

EF-1 Study cubby on the left Office spaces Yes 80 6 5 0.06 5 35 1 35 35 0 0% - (35) -100% Yes*

EF-1 Office Next to S&L 36 Office spaces No 110 4 5 0.06 5 27 1 27 27 0 0% - (27) -100% No

FA-CAFÉ Cafeteria Cafeteria/fast-food dining Yes 2,363 188 7.5 0.18 100 1,835 1 1,835 1,835 2457 100% 2,457 622 34% Yes

FA-CAFÉ Serving Area Cafeteria/fast-food dining No 465 25 7.5 0.18 100 271 1 271 271 0 100% - (271) -100% No

FA-CAFÉ Kitchen Kitchen (cooking) No 480 8 7.5 0.18 20 146 1 146 146 342 100% 342 196 134% Yes

FA-CAFÉ Dishwashing room Cafeteria/fast-food dining No 247 3 7.5 0.18 100 67 1 67 67 184 100% 184 117 175% Yes

FA-AUD Auditorium Auditoriums No 2,268 230 5 0.06 150 1,286 1 1,286 1,286 5694 71% 4,043 2,757 214% Yes

EF-1 Vocal Music 45 Music/theater/dance Yes 1,568 37 10 0.06 35 464 1 464 464 0 0% - (464) -100% Yes*

EF-1 Math Cave Office spaces No 96 4 5 0.06 5 26 1 26 26 0 0% - (26) -100% No

FA-MUSIC Instrumental Music 46 Music/theater/dance Yes 375 12 10 0.06 35 143 1 143 143 541 100% 541 399 280% Yes

FA-ROOMS Office 43 Office spaces No 99 5 5 0.06 5 31 1 31 31 45 100% 45 14 45% Yes

FA-ROOMS Family Resource 44 Office spaces Yes 540 18 5 0.06 5 122 1 122 122 338 100% 338 216 176% Yes

FA-ROOMS Recieving 42 Office spaces Yes 264 6 5 0.06 5 46 1 46 46 121 100% 121 75 164% Yes

EF-1 Office 40 Office spaces Yes 84 4 5 0.06 5 25 1 25 25 0 0% - (25) -100% Yes*

EF-1 Custodian Office Office spaces No 51 1 5 0.06 5 8 1 8 8 0 0% - (8) -100% No

EF-1 Office 41 Office spaces Yes 84 6 5 0.06 5 35 1 35 35 0 0% - (35) -100% Yes*

FA-GIRL-GYM Gymnasium Gym, sports arena (play area) No 6,300 856 20 0.18 7 18,254 1 18,254 18,254 0 0% - (18,254) -100% No

EF-1 Art 47 Art Classroom Yes 1,776 30 10 0.18 20 620 1 620 620 0 0% - (620) -100% Yes*

Room # Category ZoneArea, Az, per space (SF) TAB Exhaust CFM # of Toilets # of Shower Heads Calc'd Exhaust CFM

Ventilation Difference

(CFM)

Code Satisified? Comments Column1

Unisex BR Left Toilet rooms - private 27 130 1 - 25 105 Yes Between Classrooms 1 and 2 EF-2

Unisex BR Right Toilet rooms - private 27 136 1 - 25 111 Yes Between Classrooms 1 and 2 EF-2

Unisex BR Left Toilet rooms - private 27 121 1 - 25 96 Yes Between Classrooms 3 and 4 EF-2

Unisex BR Right Toilet rooms - private 27 149 1 - 25 124 Yes Between Classrooms 3 and 4 EF-2

Unisex BR next to Classroom 5 Toilet rooms - private 42 89 1 - 25 64 Yes EF-2

Unisex BR Toilet rooms - private 27 88 1 - 25 63 Yes Between Classrooms 5 and 6 EF-2

Unisex BR Left Toilet rooms - private 27 103 1 - 25 78 Yes Between Classrooms 7 and 9 EF-2

Unisex BR Right Toilet rooms - private 27 146 1 - 25 121 Yes Between Classrooms 7 and 9 EF-2

Unisex BR Left Toilet rooms - private 27 128 1 - 25 103 Yes Between Classrooms 8 and 10 EF-2

Unisex BR Right Toilet rooms - private 27 64 1 - 25 39 Yes Between Classrooms 8 and 10 EF-2

Unisex BR Left Toilet rooms - private 27 76 1 - 25 51 Yes Between Classrooms 11 and 13 EF-2

Unisex BR Right Toilet rooms - private 27 38 1 - 25 13 Yes Between Classrooms 11 and 13 EF-2

Unisex BR Left Toilet rooms - private 27 51 1 - 25 26 Yes Between Classrooms 12 and 14 EF-2

Unisex BR Right Toilet rooms - private 27 35 1 - 25 10 Yes Between Classrooms 12 and 14 EF-2

Girls BR next to Office 13A Toilet rooms - private 201.25 190 4 - 100 90 Yes 1 grille supplying air from unknown unit. EF-2

Woman's BR across from classroom 15 Toilet rooms - private 35 0 1 - 25 (25) No EF-2

Boys BR across classroom 15 Toilet rooms - private 26.25 355 4 - 100 255 Yes 1 grille supplying air from unknown unit. EF-2

Men's BR next to Conference A Toilet rooms - private 121 23 3 - 75 (52) No EF-2

Woman's BR across from Room 33 Toilet rooms - private 1221 64 3 - 75 (11) No EF-2

Men's BR in Teacher Lounge Toilet rooms - private 35 85 1 - 25 60 Yes EF-2

Woman's BR in Teacher Lounge Toilet rooms - private 35 37 1 - 25 12 Yes EF-2

Unisex BR in Classroom 38 Toilet rooms - private 42 0 1 - 25 (25) No EF-2

Unisex toilet in S&L 36 Toilet rooms - private 39 48 1 - 25 23 Yes EF-2

Girls BR next to Voc Muc 45 Toilet rooms - private 35 35 1 - 25 10 Yes Unk

Boys BR next to Math cave Toilet rooms - private 35 26 1 - 25 1 Yes Unk

BR in Office 41 Toilet rooms - private 40 31 1 - 25 6 Yes Unk

Unisex BR across from Office 43 Toilet rooms - private 31.5 29 1 - 25 4 Yes Unk

Girls BR in Gym Toilet rooms - private 81 0 3 - 115 (115) No Unk

Boys BR in Gym Toilet rooms - private 98 0 4 - 100 (100) No Unk

Unisex BR to the right Toilet rooms - private 66 47 1 - 165 (118) No Unk

Unisex BR to the left Toilet rooms - private 38.5 85 1 - 25 60 Yes Unk

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Appendix B: International Mechanical Code Minimum Ventilation Rates (2021) per ASHRAE 62.1

Minimum Ventilation Rates in Breathing Zone People Outdoor

Air Rate Rp

Area Outdoor Air

Rate Ra

Default Values

(Occupant Density) Air Class OS (6.2.6.1.4) Comments

Occupancy Classification Category cfm/person cfm/sf #/1000sf

Educational Facilities Art Classroom 10 0.18 20 2 No

Educational Facilities Classrooms (ages 5 to 8) 10 0.12 25 1 No

Educational Facilities Classrooms (ages 9 plus) 10 0.12 35 1 No

Educational Facilities Computer Lab 10 0.12 25 1 No

Educational Facilities Daycare Sickroom 10 0.18 25 3 No

Educational Facilities Daycare (through age 4) 10 0.18 25 2 No

Educational Facilities Auditoriums 5 0.06 150 0

Educational Facilities Lecture Classroom 7.5 0.06 65 1 Yes

Per ASHRAE, lecture classrooms are spaces with low space generated emissions and hard surfaces. Little off gassing so reduced levels. Most standard classrooms will be lecture classroom type.

Educational Facilities Lecture hall (fixed seats) 7.5 0.06 150 1 Yes University style (see occupant density)

Educational Facilities Libraries 5 0.12 10 n/a No

Educational Facilities Media Center 10 0.12 25 1 No

Educational Facilities Multiuse assembly 7.5 0.06 100 1 Yes

Educational Facilities Music/theater/dance 10 0.06 35 1 Yes

Educational Facilities Science laboratories 10 0.18 25 2 No

Educational Facilities University/college laboratories 10 0.18 25 2 No

Educational Facilities Sports locker rooms 0 -0.7 0 0 No

Educational Facilities Wood/metal shop 10 0.18 20 2 No

Food and Beverage Bars, cocktail lounges 7.5 0.18 100 2 No

Food and Beverage Cafeteria/fast-food dining 7.5 0.18 100 2 No

Food and Beverage Kitchen (cooking) 7.5 0.18 20 2 No

Food and Beverage Restaurant dining rooms 7.5 0.18 70 2 No

Private Dwellings Toilet rooms - private 0 0 0 0

Offices Conference rooms 5 0.06 50 1 Yes

Offices Main entry lobbies 5 0.06 10 1 Yes

Offices Office spaces 5 0.06 5 1 Yes

Offices Reception areas 5 0.06 30 1 Yes

Offices Telephone/data entry 5 0.06 60 1 Yes

Public spaces Corridors 0 0.06 0

Public spaces Shower room 0 0 0

Public spaces Toilet rooms - public 0 0 0

Public Assembly Spaces Auditorium seating area 5 0.06 150 1 Yes

Public Assembly Spaces Libraries 5 0.12 10 1 No

Public Assembly Spaces Toilet rooms - public 0 0 0

Sports and Entertainment Bowling alley (seating) 10 0.12 40 1 No

Sports and Entertainment Disco/dance floors 20 0.06 100 2 Yes

Sports and Entertainment Gambling casinos 7.5 0.18 120 1 No

Sports and Entertainment Game arcades 7.5 0.18 20 1 No

Sports and Entertainment Gym, sports arena (play area) 20 0.18 7 2 No

Sports and Entertainment Health club/aerobics room 20 0.06 40 2 No

Sports and Entertainment Health club/weight room 20 0.06 10 2 No

Sports and Entertainment Spectator areas 7.5 0.06 150 1 Yes

Sports and Entertainment Stages, studios 10 0.06 70 1 Yes

Sports and Entertainment Swimming (pool and deck) 0 0.48 0 2 No

Minimum Exhaust Rates

Occupancy Classification Category CFM/fixture CFM/SF Comments

Educational Facilities Toilet rooms - public 50 0 20

Educational Facilities Toilet rooms - private 25 0

Educational Facilities Shower rooms 20 0

Educational Facilities Sports locker rooms 0 0.5