Attachment_20_-_OARM_Environmental_Specifications.pdf

Attachment 20

OARM Environmental Specifications

Contents:

Section 01 74 19 – Construction Waste Management Section 01 81 09 – Testing for Indoor Air Quality Section 01 81 13 – Sustainable Design Requirements Section 01 91 00 – General Commissioning Requirements

SECTION 01 74 19 - CONSTRUCTION WASTE MANAGEMENT

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS

A. Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including General Conditions and Division 1 Specification Sections, apply to this Section.

1.2 SUMMARY

A. This Section includes administrative and procedural requirements for the following:

1. Salvaging non-hazardous demolition and construction waste.

2. Recycling non-hazardous demolition and construction waste.

3. Disposing of non-hazardous demolition and construction waste.

B. Related Sections include the following:

1. Section 01 12 00 “Summary of Multiple Contracts” for coordination of responsibilities for waste management

There should be language in the Summary of Multiple Contracts to explain that each of the prime contractors and subs have obligations in meeting the Construction & Manage-ment Waste specifications.

2. Division 1 Section “Sustainable Design Requirements”

3. Division 1 Section “Temporary Facilities and Controls” for environmental-protection measures during construction

There should be language in the “Temporary Facilities and Controls” to provide a staging area for separation of staging waste.

4. Sections within 02 41 00 “Demolition” for disposition of waste resulting from demolition of buildings, structures, and site improvements.

Depending on how the Project documents are being assembled, there may be other Di-vision 1 sections that should be listed here. Note that there are myriad technical sections in Divisions 2 and beyond that could be cited here, but it is generally more useful to cite this Division 1 section as a Related Section in each of those sections.

1.3 DEFINITIONS

A. Clean: Untreated and unpainted; not contaminated with oils, solvents, caulk, paint, or the like.

SECTION 01 74 19 – Construction Waste Management

B. Construction Waste: Building and site improvement materials and other solid waste resulting from construction, remodeling, renovation, or repair operations. Construction waste includes packaging.

Land clearing is excluded because it is no longer considered construction waste and generally is not landfilled, so is no longer included in the LEED calculation.

C. Demolition Waste: Building and site improvement materials resulting from demolition or selective demolition operations

D. Disposal: Removal off-site of demolition and construction waste and subsequent sale, recycling, reuse, or deposit in landfill or incinerator acceptable to authorities having jurisdiction

E. Diversion: Avoidance of demolition and construction waste sent to landfill or incineration. Diversion does not include using materials for landfill, alternate daily cover on landfills, or materials used as fuel in waste-to-energy processes

F. Hazardous: Exhibiting the characteristics of hazardous substances, i.e., ignitability, corrosiveness, toxicity or reactivity

G. Recycle: Recovery of demolition or construction waste for subsequent processing in preparation for reuse

H. Recycling: The process of sorting, cleansing, treating, and reconstituting solid waste and other discarded materials for the purpose of using the altered form. Recycling does not include burning, incinerating, or thermally destroying waste.

I. Salvage: Recovery of demolition or construction waste and subsequent reuse or sale in another facility

J. Reuse: Recovery of demolition or construction waste and subsequent incorporation into the Work

K. Source Separation: The act of keeping different types of waste materials separate beginning from the first time they become waste

L. Toxic: Poisonous to humans either immediately or after a long period of exposure

M. Trash: Any product or material unable to be reused, returned, recycled, or salvaged

N. Waste: Extra material or material that has reached the end of its useful life in its intended use. Waste includes salvageable, returnable, recyclable, and reusable material.

1.4 PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS

A. The Owner has established that this Project shall generate the least amount of waste possible and that processes that ensure the generation of as little waste as possible due to error, poor planning, breakage, mishandling, contamination, or other factors shall be employed.

B. Of the waste that is generated, as many of the waste materials as economically feasible shall be reused, salvaged, or recycled. Waste disposal in landfills or incinerators shall be minimized, thereby reducing disposal costs.

C. Develop a construction waste management plan that results in end-of- Project rates for salvage/recycling of 95 percent by weight of construction and demolition waste.

The requirement to divert 95% of construction and demolition waste from landfills and incinerators significantly exceeds the LEED-NC and LEED-EB construction waste man-agement credits, which provide one point for a 50% diversion and a second point for 75% diversion. The LEED requirements are designed to be usable nationwide. In the Research Triangle Park area, 95% diversion has been shown to be feasible. The 95% diversion rate would qualify the project for both points and a potential “Innovation and Design” point for exemplary performance.

D. Salvage/Recycle Requirements: Salvage and recycle as much non-hazardous demolition and construction waste as possible, including the following materials:

1. Demolition Waste:

a. Asphaltic concrete paving

b. Concrete

c. Concrete reinforcing steel

d. Brick

e. Concrete masonry units

f. Wood studs

g. Wood joists

h. Plywood and oriented strand board

i. Wood paneling

j. Wood trim

k. Structural and miscellaneous steel

l. Rough hardware

m. Roofing

n. Insulation

o. Doors and frames

p. Door hardware

q. Windows

r. Glazing

s. Metal studs

t. Gypsum board

u. Acoustical tile and panels

v. Carpet

w. Carpet pad

x. Demountable partitions

y. Equipment

z. Cabinets

aa. Plumbing fixtures

bb. Piping

cc. Supports and hangers

dd. Valves

ee. Sprinklers

ff. Mechanical equipment

gg. Refrigerants

hh. Electrical conduit

ii. Copper wiring

jj. Lighting fixtures

kk. Lamps

ll. Ballasts

mm. Electrical devices

nn. Switchgear and panelboards

oo. Transformers

2. Construction Waste:

a. Masonry and CMU

b. All untreated wood, including lumber and finish materials

c. Wood sheet materials

d. Wood trim

e. Metals

f. Roofing

g. Insulation

h. Carpet and pad

i. Gypsum board

j. Unused (leftover) paint

k. Piping

l. Electrical conduit

m. Packaging: Regardless of salvage/recycle goal indicated above, salvage or recycle 100 percent of the following uncontaminated packaging materials:

1) Paper

2) Cardboard

3) Boxes

4) Plastic sheet and film

5) Polystyrene packaging

6) Wood crates

7) Plastic pails

n. Beverage and packaged food containers

1.5 SUBMITTALS

A. Construction Waste Management Plan (CWMP): It is the intent of this specification to maximize the diversion of demolition and construction waste from landfill disposal. Accordingly, not more than 30 days after receipt of Notice to Proceed and prior to the generation of any waste, prepare and submit a draft Construction Waste Management Plan including, but not limited to, the following:

1. Procedures for Recycling/Reuse Program to divert a minimum of 95% (by weight) of construction and demolition waste from landfill disposal, including waste resulting from demolition of any existing building and site paving scheduled for demolition; any site paving is required to be ground on site and reused as granulated fill on site.

2. Approval of the Contractor’s CWMP shall not relieve the Contractor of responsibility for adequate and continuing control of pollutants and other environmental protection measures.

B. Submit a 3-ring binder with calculations on end-of-project recycling rates, salvage rates, and landfill rates itemized by waste material, demonstrating that a minimum of 75% of construction wastes were recycled or salvaged and diverted from landfill. Include documentation of recovery rate (if commingled), waste hauling certificates or receipts, and a brief narrative explaining how and to where each waste type has been diverted.

C. Construction Waste Management Plan: Submit four copies of plan within 45 days of date established for the Notice to Proceed.

D. Waste Reduction Progress Reports: Concurrent with each Application for Payment, submit four copies of report. Include separate reports for demolition and construction waste. Include the following information:

1. Material category

2. Generation point of waste

3. Total quantity of waste in tons

4. Quantity of waste salvaged, both estimated and actual in tons

5. Quantity of waste recycled, both estimated and actual in tons

6. Total quantity of waste recovered (salvaged plus recycled) in tons

7. Total quantity of waste recovered (salvaged plus recycled) as a percentage of total waste

8. Include up-to-date records of donations, sales, recycling and landfill/incinerator manifests, weight tickets, hauling receipts, and invoices.

E. Waste Reduction Calculations: Before request for Substantial Completion, submit four copies of calculated end-of-project rates for salvage, recycling, and disposal as a percentage of total waste generated by the Work. Complete a table similar to the example below.

Recycled/Salvaged/Diverted Materials Hauler or Location Quantity of Material (tons)

Total Construction Waste Diverted

Landfilled Materials

Total Construction Waste Landfilled

Total Construction Waste Total Construction Waste

Diverted + Total Construction Waste Landfilled

Percentage of Construction Waste Diverted from Landfill

(Total Construction Waste Diverted / Total Construction Waste)*100

F. Records of Donations: Indicate receipt and acceptance of salvageable waste donated to individuals and organizations. Indicate whether organization is tax-exempt.

G. Records of Sales: Indicate receipt and acceptance of salvageable waste sold to individuals and organizations. Indicate whether organization is tax-exempt.

H. Recycling and Processing Facility Records: Indicate receipt and acceptance of recyclable waste by recycling and processing facilities licensed to accept them. Include manifests, weight tickets, receipts, and invoices.

I. Landfill and Incinerator Disposal Records: Indicate receipt and acceptance of waste by landfills (or transfer stations) and incinerator facilities licensed to accept them. Include manifests, weight tickets, receipts, and invoices.

1.6 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Regulatory Requirements: Comply with all applicable requirements of North Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources Policy Memorandum #16 Concerning Management of Construction, Demolition, Land Clearing, Inert, and Yard Trash Debris and any and all subsequent modifications and amendments to same.

Comply with all applicable local ordinances and regulations.

B. Waste Management Meetings: Conduct an initial conference at Project Site to comply with requirements in Division 1 Section “Project Management and Coordination.” Contractor shall include discussions on construction waste management requirements in the preconstruction meeting. Contractor shall include discussions on construction waste management requirements in the regular job meetings conducted during the course of the Project; at these meetings, review methods and procedures related to waste management including, but not limited to, the following:

1. Review and discuss waste management plan including responsibilities of the Waste Management Coordinator.

2. Review requirements for documenting quantities of each type of waste and its disposition.

3. Review and finalize procedures for materials separation and verify availability of containers and bins needed to avoid delays.

4. Review procedures for periodic waste collection and transportation to recycling and disposal facilities.

5. Review waste management requirements for each trade.

1.7 CONSTRUCTION WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN

A. General: Develop and implement a CWMP consisting of waste identification, waste reduction work plan, and cost/revenue analysis.

Include separate sections in plan for demolition and construction waste.

Indicate quantities by weight or volume, but use the same units of measure throughout the CWMP.

B. Draft Construction Waste Management Plan: Within 30 days after receipt of Notice to Proceed, or prior to any waste removal, whichever occurs sooner, the Contractor shall submit to the Owner and Architect a Draft Waste Management Plan.

C. Final Construction Waste Management Plan: Once the Owner has determined which of the recycling options addressed in the draft Waste Management Plan are acceptable, the Contractor shall submit, within 10 calendar days, a Final Waste Management Plan.

D. Waste Identification: Indicate anticipated types and quantities of demolition, site-clearing, and construction waste generated by the Work.

Include estimated quantities and assumptions for estimates.

E. Landfill Options: Indicate the name of the landfill(s) and/or transfer station(s) and/or incinerator(s) where trash will be disposed of, the applicable landfill tipping fee(s), and the projected cost of disposing of all Project waste in the landfill(s).

F. Waste Reduction Work Plan: List each type of waste and whether it will be salvaged, reused, recycled, or disposed of in landfill or incinerator.

Include points of waste generation, total quantity of each type of waste, quantity for each means of recovery, and handling and transportation procedures.

1. Salvaged Materials for Reuse: For materials that will be salvaged and reused in this Project, describe methods for preparing salvaged materials before incorporation into the Work.

2. Salvaged Materials for Sale: For materials that will be sold to individuals and organizations, include list of their names, addresses, and telephone numbers.

3. Salvaged Materials for Donation: For materials that will be donated to individuals and organizations, include list of their names, addresses, and telephone numbers.

4. Recycled Materials: Include list of local receivers and processors and type of recycled materials each will accept. Include names, addresses, and telephone numbers.

5. Disposed Materials: Indicate how and where materials will be disposed of. Include name, address, and telephone number of each landfill and incinerator facility.

6. Handling and Transportation Procedures: Describe method that will be used for separating recyclable waste, including sizes of containers, container labeling, and designated location on Project Site where materials separation will be located.

G. Materials: The following list of required materials, at a minimum, must be included for salvaging/recycling:

1. Cardboard

2. Clean dimensional wood

3. Beverage and food containers

4. Paper

5. Concrete

6. Concrete Masonry Units (CMUs

7. Asphalt: Include the approximate weight of the asphalt paving to be crushed and utilized as granulated fill from the existing paving as a component of waste material diverted from the landfill.

8. Ferrous and non-ferrous metals (banding, stud trim, ductwork, piping, rebar, roofing, other trim, steel, iron, galvanized sheet steel, stainless steel, aluminum, copper, zinc, lead, brass, and bronze)

9. Stretch and shrink wrap

10. Gypsum wallboard

11. Paint containers and other clean, empty plastic containers

The specifications writer may want to customize this list based on what is easily recycled or salvaged for resale or reuse at the Project and in local markets.

H. Meetings: Provide a description of the regular meetings to be held to address waste management.

I. Materials Handling Procedures: Provide a description of the means by which any waste materials identified will be protected from contamination, and a description of the means to be employed in recycling the above materials consistent with requirements for acceptance by designated facilities.

J. Transportation: Provide a description of the means of transportation of the recyclable materials (whether materials will be site-separated and self-hauled to designated centers, or whether mixed materials will be collected by a waste hauler and removed from the site) and destination of materials.

1.8 CONSTRUCTION WASTE MANAGEMENT RESOURCES

A. General information contacts regarding construction and demolition waste:

1. North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources Division of Pollution Prevention and Environmental Assistance;

www.p2pays.org.

2. EPA Construction and demolition (C&D) debris website:

http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/non-hw/debris-new/bytype.htm

3. Directory of Wood-Framed Building Deconstruction and Reused Building Materials Companies:

http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/documnts/fplgtr/fpl_gtr150.pdf

4. Additional resources to be developed by Contractor with assistance from Owner and Architect, as requested.

B. Material Recyclers: For information on local recycling entities, visit the following websites:

1. Triangle Region Construction & Demolition Waste Recycling and Disposal Directory, Triangle J Council of Governments, August 1997: www.tjcog.org.

2. Carolina Recycling Association (CRA): www.cra-recycle.org

The specifications writer could include a list of acceptable local entities and transfer sta-tions for recycling, incineration, and landfilling.

http://www.p2pays.org/ http://www.cra-recycle.org/

PART 2 - PRODUCTS (Not Used)

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 PLAN IMPLEMENTATION

A. General: Implement waste management plan as approved by Architect and Owner. Provide handling, containers, storage, signage, transportation, and other items as required to implement waste management plan during the entire duration of the Contract.

1. Comply with Division 1 Section “Temporary Facilities and Controls” for operation, termination, and removal requirements.

B. Waste Management Coordinator: Engage a waste management coordinator to be responsible for implementing, monitoring, and reporting status of waste management work plan. Coordinator shall be present at the Project Site full-time for duration of Project.

C. Training: Train workers, subcontractors, and suppliers on proper waste management procedures, as appropriate for the Work occurring at Project Site.

1. Distribute waste management plan to everyone concerned within three days of submittal return.

2. Distribute waste management plan to entities when they first begin work on-site. Review plan procedures and locations established for salvage, recycling, and disposal.

D. Site Access and Temporary Controls: Conduct waste management operations to ensure minimum interference with roads, streets, walks, walkways, and other adjacent occupied and used facilities.

1. Designate and label specific areas on Project Site necessary for separating materials that are to be salvaged, recycled, reused, donated, and sold.

2. Recycling and waste bin areas are to be kept neat, and clean, and clearly marked in order to avoid contamination of materials.

3. Comply with Division 1 Section “Temporary Facilities and Controls” for controlling dust and dirt, environmental protection, and noise control.

E. Hazardous Wastes: Hazardous wastes shall be separated, stored, and disposed of according to local regulations and should not be included in Construction Waste Management Plan’s calculations of waste.

3.2 SALVAGING DEMOLITION WASTE

A. Salvaged Items for Reuse in the Work:

1. Clean salvaged items.

2. Pack or crate items after cleaning. Identify contents of containers.

3. Store items in a secure area until installation.

4. Protect items from damage during transport and storage.

5. Install salvaged items to comply with installation requirements for new materials and equipment. Provide connections, supports, and miscellaneous materials necessary to make items functional for use indicated.

B. Salvaged Items for Owner's Use:

1. Clean salvaged items.

2. Pack or crate items after cleaning. Identify contents of containers.

3. Store items in a secure area until delivery to Owner.

4. Transport items to Owner's storage area designated by Owner.

5. Protect items from damage during transport and storage.

C. Doors and Hardware: Brace open end of door frames. Except for removing door closers, leave door hardware attached to doors.

3.3 RECYCLING DEMOLITION AND CONSTRUCTION WASTE, GENERAL

A. General: Recycle paper and beverage containers used by on-site workers.

B. Recycling Receivers and Processors: List below is provided for information only; available recycling receivers and processors include, but are not limited to, the following:

1. List to be developed by Contractor.

C. Recycling Incentives: Revenues, savings, rebates, tax credits, and other incentives received for recycling waste materials shall accrue to Contractor.

D. Procedures: Separate recyclable waste from other waste materials, trash, and debris. Separate recyclable waste by type at Project Site to the maximum extent practical.

1. Provide appropriately marked containers or bins for controlling recyclable waste until they are removed from Project Site. Include list of acceptable and unacceptable materials at each container and bin.

a. Inspect containers and bins for contamination and remove contaminated materials if found.

2. Stockpile processed materials on-site without intermixing with other materials. Place, grade, and shape stockpiles to drain surface water. Cover to prevent windblown dust.

3. Stockpile materials away from construction area. Do not store within drip line of remaining trees.

4. Store components off the ground and protect from the weather.

5. Remove recyclable waste off Owner's property and transport to recycling receiver or processor.

3.4 RECYCLING DEMOLITION WASTE

A. Asphaltic Concrete Paving: Break up and transport paving to asphalt-recycling facility or recycle on-site into new paving.

B. Concrete: Remove reinforcement and other metals from concrete and sort with other metals.

1. Pulverize concrete to maximum 4-inch (100-mm) size.

2. Crush concrete and screen to comply with requirements in Division 2 Section “Earthwork” for use as satisfactory soil for fill or subbase.

C. Masonry: Remove metal reinforcement, anchors, and ties from masonry and sort with other metals.

1. Pulverize masonry to maximum 1-1/2-inch (38-mm) size.

a. Crush masonry and screen to comply with requirements in Division 2 Section “Earthwork” for use as general fill or subbase.

b. Crush masonry and screen to comply with requirements in Division 2 Section “Exterior Plants” for use as mineral mulch.

2. Clean and stack undamaged, whole masonry units on wood pallets.

D. Wood Materials: Sort and stack members according to size, type, and length. Separate lumber, engineered wood products, and panel products for reuse and/or recycling. Separate wood material treated with heavy metal preservatives for reuse or landfill disposal.

E. Metals: Separate metals by type.

1. Structural Steel: Stack members according to size, type of member, and length.

2. Remove and dispose of bolts, nuts, washers, and other rough hardware.

F. Asphalt Shingle Roofing: Separate organic and glass-fiber asphalt shingles and felts for recycling into asphalt paving or by other recycling entities.

G. Gypsum Board: Stack large, clean pieces on wood pallets and store in a dry location for recycling off-site. Remove edge trim and sort with other metals. Remove and dispose of fasteners.

1. Moisture-damaged gypsum board with evidence of significant mold growth shall be disposed of in accordance with New York City’s “Guidelines on Assessment and Remediation of Fungi in Indoor Environments”:

http://www.nyc.gov/html/doh/html/epi/moldrpt1.shtml

H. Acoustical Ceiling Panels and Tile: Stack large, clean pieces on wood pallets and store in a dry location.

1. Separate suspension system, trim, and other metals from panels and tile and sort with other metals.

I. Carpet and Pad: Roll large pieces tightly after removing debris, trash, adhesive, and tack strips.

1. Store clean, dry carpet and pad in a closed container or trailer provided by a carpet recycler or manufacturer-related carpet reclamation agency.

J. Equipment: Drain tanks, piping, and fixtures. Seal openings with caps or plugs. Protect equipment from exposure to weather.

K. Plumbing Fixtures: Separate by type and size.

L. Piping: Reduce piping to straight lengths and store by type and size.

Separate supports, hangers, valves, sprinklers, and other components by type and size.

M. Lighting Fixtures: Separate lamps by type and protect from breakage.

N. Electrical Devices: Separate switches, receptacles, switchgear, transformers, meters, panelboards, circuit breakers, and other devices by type.

O. Conduit: Reduce conduit to straight lengths and store by type and size.

3.5 RECYCLING CONSTRUCTION WASTE

A. Packaging:

1. Cardboard and Boxes: Break down packaging into flat sheets.

Bundle and store in a dry location.

2. Polystyrene Packaging: Separate and bag materials.

3. Pallets: As much as possible, require deliveries using pallets to remove pallets from Project Site. For pallets that remain on-site, break down pallets into component wood pieces and comply with requirements for recycling wood.

4. Crates: Break down crates into component wood pieces and comply with requirements for recycling wood.

B. Site-Clearing Wastes: Chip brush, branches, and trees on-site.

1. Comply with requirements in Division 2 Section “Exterior Plants” for use of chipped organic waste as organic mulch.

C. Wood Materials:

1. Clean Cut-Offs of Lumber: Grind or chip into material appropriate for mulch or erosion control.

2. Lumber Treated with Heavy-Metal Preservatives: Do not grind, chip, or incinerate; must be reused or landfilled.

D. Gypsum Board: Stack large, clean pieces on wood pallets and store in a dry location for recycling and/or reuse on-site or off-site.

1. Moisture-damaged gypsum board with evidence of significant mold growth shall be disposed of in accordance with New York City’s “Guidelines on Assessment and Remediation of Fungi in Indoor Environments”:

http://www.nyc.gov/html/doh/html/epi/moldrpt1.shtml

2. Clean Gypsum Board: Grind scraps of clean gypsum board using small mobile chipper or hammer mill. Screen out paper after grinding.

a. Comply with requirements in Division 2 Section ”Exterior Plants“ for use of clean ground gypsum board as inorganic soil amendment.

E. Miscellaneous: Anything called out to be ground and used on site should utilize an on-site grinder.

1. Grinder should be able to accommodate a variety of materials including masonry, asphalt shingles, wood, and drywall.

3.6 DISPOSAL OF WASTE

A. General: Except for items or materials to be salvaged, recycled, or otherwise reused, remove waste materials from Project Site and legally dispose of them in a landfill or incinerator acceptable to authorities having jurisdiction.

1. Except as otherwise specified, do not allow waste materials that are to be disposed of to accumulate on site.

2. Remove and transport debris in a manner that will prevent spillage on adjacent surfaces and areas.

3. Do not burn or bury waste materials on or off site. Appropriate on-site topical application of ground gypsum or wood, or use of site paving as granulated fill is considered reuse, not waste.

END OF SECTION 01 74 19

SECTION 01 81 09 - TESTING FOR INDOOR AIR QUALITY

1.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS

A. Drawings and general provisions of Contract, including General and Supplementary Conditions, other Division 1 Specification Sections, and specifications of materials mentioned in this section, apply to this Section.

1.2 SUMMARY

A. General: This section provides requirements for Baseline Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Testing for maximum indoor pollutant concentrations for acceptance of the facility.

1.3 RELATED SECTIONS

A. All work shall comply with Division 1 Section 01 81 13.

B. Coordinate with Commissioning activities specified in Section 01 91 00.

C. All work shall comply with Division 23, the section on “Testing, Adjusting and Balancing.”

1.4 SUBMITTALS

A. Baseline IAQ Testing: Submit a report for each test site specified for IAQ baseline testing as prescribed herein below and in Division 23, in the section on “Testing, Adjusting, and Balancing.” Report on air concentrations of targeted pollutants identified in Subsection 3.1 of this section.

1.5 SEQUENCING AND SCHEDULING

A. Identify, program, and schedule all IAQ testing well in advance of construction in a manner to prevent delays to the performance of the work of this Contract in order to perform and complete all testing after the completion of construction activities and prior to occupancy.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS (Not Used)

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 BASELINE IAQ TESTING

SECTION 01 81 09 – Testing for Indoor Air Quality

A. HVAC System Verification: To assure compliance with recognized standards for indoor air quality including ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2004, the Contractor’s independent testing and balancing agency shall verify the performance of each HVAC system prior to Indoor Air Quality testing, including space temperature and space humidity uniformity, outside air quantity, filter installation, drain pan operation, and any obvious contamination sources.

B. Indoor Air Quality Testing: Upon verification of HVAC system operation, the Contractor shall hire an independent contractor, subject to approval by the Contracting Officer’s Representative, with a minimum of 5 years experience in performing the types of testing specified herein, to test levels of indoor air contaminants for compliance with specified requirements.

1. Conduct baseline IAQ testing using testing protocols consistent with the United States Environmental Protection Agency Compendium of Methods for the Determination of Air Pollutants in Indoor Air.

2. A test plan shall be submitted for the approval of the Contracting Officer’s Representative. The plan shall specify procedures, times, instrumentation, and sampling methods that will be employed.

3. Perform IAQ testing for at least the minimum number of required sampling locations, determined as follows: For each portion of the building served by a separate ventilation system, the number of sampling points shall not be less than one per 25,000 sq. ft., or for each contiguous floor area, whichever is larger, and include areas with the least ventilation as calculated by Ventilation Rate Procedure of ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2004 and greatest presumed source strength as identified by Owner. Collect air samples on three consecutive days and average the results of each three-day test cycle to determine compliance or non-compliance of indoor air quality for each air handling zone tested.

The sampling area of not less than one sampling point per 25,000 sq. ft.

meets the requirements for LEED-NC Construction Air Quality Management credit.

Note that the 2004 version of Standard 62.1 determines allowable ventilation based not only on occupancy but also on assumed pollutant emissions from furnishings, so the “areas with least ventilation” will have to be determined accordingly.

a. Verify areas to be tested with the Contracting Officer's Representative. Areas with 100% outside air ventilation rates such as laboratories are excluded from these testing requirements. The Contracting Officer's Representative is the sole judge of areas exempt from testing.

4. Perform IAQ testing following the completion of all interior construction activities and prior to occupancy. The building shall have all interior finishes installed including, but not limited to, millwork, doors, paint, carpet, and acoustic tiles. Perform testing prior to installation of furniture, workstation components, and casework.

Performing initial testing prior to upfit activities ensures that construction and ventilation meet IAQ requirements and also provides a measurement baseline. Because systems furniture and other owner upfit activities may be a source, it is also wise to test after installation of furniture. This allows for allocation of accountability for any problems.

5. Perform IAQ testing within the breathing zone, between 3’–0” and 6’– 0” above the finished floor and over a minimum 4-hour period.

The 4-hour minimum requirement is the same as required in the LEED-NC credit for a construction IAQ management plan before occupancy.

6. Collect air samples during normal occupied hours (prior to occupancy) with the building ventilation system starting at the daily normal start times and operated at the minimum outside air flow rate for the occupied mode throughout the duration of the air testing.

7. Sample and record outside air levels of formaldehyde and TVOC contaminants at three outside air locations (as determined by Owner) simultaneously with indoor tests to establish basis of comparison for these contaminant levels by averaging the three outdoor readings for each contaminant.

8. Perform airborne mold and mildew air sampling and speciation with simultaneous indoor and outdoor readings.

a. Samples are to be collected using a 12 liter-per-minute pump and a 0.45 micron polycarbonate filter, with a 4-hour duration for each sample.

b. Speciation shall be done with DNA detection using the quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QPCR) method. To ensure that filters are not precontaminated with mold, a field blank filter cartridge shall be tested after every eighth sample is tested.

Four-hour sample collection periods are a minimum requirement—to ensure the collection of representative samples, an 8-hour period could be specified. The QPCR method is more reliable and consistent than conventional morphology using visual identification, which is highly dependent on the experience of the technician.

9. Acceptance of respective portions of the building by the Owner is subject to compliance with specified limits of indoor air quality contaminant levels.

C. Indoor air quality shall conform to the following standards and limits:

1. Formaldehyde: <20 microgram/m3 (16.3 ppb)

2. Sum of VOCs: <200 microgram/m3

3. Carbon Monoxide: Not to exceed 9 ppm

4. Other compounds found on the California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment’s list of chronic inhalation Reference Exposure Levels (RELs) are not to exceed those levels, as published on: http://www.oehha.ca.gov/air/chronic_rels/AllChrels.html

Use of the California CREL levels is consistent with EPA’s program office and supported by IAQ research at Research Triangle Park. The formaldehyde level is higher than the CREL (which is at a level that is often exceeded in outdoor air) but lower than the 27 ppb level that was selected for enforcement in California. The sum of VOCs level was retained from previous versions of this specification as a check against combinations of VOCs that individually are under the limit but may collectively constitute a problem.

Allowable Air Concentration Levels meet or exceed the requirements of LEED-NC credit for a construction IAQ management plan before occupancy, with the exception of particulates (PM10), which are unlikely to be found in unoccupied buildings, and 4PC, which was once a common pollutant associated with carpet but is no longer a concern, particularly since any carpet to be installed will be certified as Green Label Plus.

However, it may be necessary to include those pollutants in the specification to conform to the requirements of the LEED credit.

5. Airborne Mold and Mildew: The species identified in indoor air cannot vary by more than 10% from those identified in the exterior samples.

Air sampling for mold and mildew is a rapidly changing science, and the 10% threshold represents a rough estimate of an acceptable differential, but a tighter threshold could also be applied.

D. Test Reports: Prepare test reports showing the results and location of each test, a summary of the HVAC operating conditions, and a listing of any discrepancies and recommendations for corrective actions, if required.

1. Include certification of test equipment calibration with each test report.

E. For each sampling point where the maximum concentration limits are exceeded, the Contractor is responsible for conducting additional flush-out with outside air and retesting the specific parameter(s) exceeded to indicate the requirements are achieved. Repeat procedure until all requirements have been met. When retesting non-complying building areas, take samples from the same locations as in the first test. Retesting shall be performed at no additional expense to the Government.

F. For each sampling point where the airborne mold and mildew indoor species distribution varies by more than 10% from exterior sampling speciation, Contractor shall identify the source of the mold and/or mildew and remediate with corrective action, then retest in accordance with section 3.1.B above until compliant results are attained.

G. In the event that any non-compliant test results occur, Contractor must provide a written report to the Owner describing the source(s) of the non-compliant condition(s) and the corrective action(s) implemented.

3.2 INDEPENDENT MATERIALS TESTING:

A. Materials That Must Be Tested: All materials listed below that are proposed for use on this project shall be tested for permanent, in-place indoor air quality performance in accordance with requirements of these specifications. Results shall be furnished to the Contracting Officer’s Representative. Materials meeting the criteria for independent testing are as follows:

1. Field-applied paint systems on appropriate substrate. Paint primers and intermediate coats (if used) should be applied with a typical drying time allowed between coats (not to exceed 7 days).

2. Carpet including manufacturer’s recommended adhesive. The carpet will be applied to the appropriate flooring per manufacturer’s instructions so that the testing is of the “carpet assembly.”

3. Ceiling tile

4. Any fireproofing material that may be exposed to indoor air, directly or in a plenum, applied to appropriate substrate

B. Materials for Testing: Only test representative samples of actual products selected for use on this project. Tests of products generically and/or technically similar but produced by a manufacturer other than that of the product selected for use on this project are invalid.

C. Materials Testing and Evaluation Protocol: California Department of Health Services’ “Standard Practice for the Testing of Volatile Organic Emissions from Various Sources Using Small-Scale Environmental Chambers,” July 2004. available online:

http://www.dhs.ca.gov/ps/deodc/ehlb/iaq/VOCS/

This protocol, commonly known as California’s “Section 01350 Specification,” is becoming accepted nationally as a standard for emissions testing. It is used in California for state facilities and by the Collaborative for High Performance Schools, and it is the basis for much of the Carpet and Rug Institute’s Green Label Plus program and the Greenguard Environmental Institute’s “Children & Schools” product certification.

D. Performance Thresholds: All compounds detected that have chronic reference exposure levels listed in the California DHS Standard Practice document shall be analyzed and compared to the allowable concentration levels.

E. Materials Test Reports: Submit test reports to the Contracting Officer’s Representative. The report shall include raw emission levels, as well as the calculated resulting concentrations and the assumptions (loading, volume of space, ventilation rates) used to determine those resulting concentrations.

For projects for which it is impractical to analyze all the parameters needed to predict resulting concentrations, the protocol includes default assumptions for offices and schools that may be used. Based on these default assumptions, there are lists of pre-approved products for which testing may not be necessary. Products on those lists have not been tested in combination with their substrates, however.

F. Product/Material Evaluation: All products/materials shown by testing to comply with emissions limits and other criteria specified in this section will be approved for use on this project subject to compliance with all other specified requirements of the Project Manual. Products/materials shown to exceed specified emission limits shall be discussed, test results interpreted, and a determination made as to alternative product uses or selections.

END OF SECTION 01 81 09

SECTION 01 81 13 – SUSTAINABLE DESIGN REQUIREMENTS

1.1 SUMMARY

A. This Section includes general requirements and procedures for achieving the most environmentally conscious Work possible within the limits of the Construction Schedule, Contract Sum, and available materials, equipment, and products.

1.2 OBJECTIVES

A. To obtain acceptable Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) for the completed project and minimize the environmental impacts of the construction and operation, the Contractor during the construction phase of this project shall implement the following procedures singly or in combination:

1. Select products that minimize consumption of non-renewable resources, consume reduced amounts of energy and minimize amounts of pollution to produce, and employ recycled and/or recyclable materials. To help government purchasers incorporate environmental considerations into purchasing decisions, it is the intent of this project to conform with EPA’s Five Guiding Principles on environmentally preferable purchasing. The five principles are:

a. Include environmental considerations as part of the normal purchasing process.

b. Emphasize pollution prevention early in the purchasing process.

c. Examine multiple environmental attributes throughout a product’s or service’s life cycle.

d. Compare relevant environmental impacts when selecting products and services.

e. Collect and base purchasing decisions on accurate and meaningful information about environmental performance.

2. Control sources for potential IAQ pollutants by controlled selection of materials and processes used in project construction in order to attain superior IAQ.

3. Products and processes that achieve the above objectives to the extent currently possible and practical have been selected and included in these Construction Documents. The Contractor is responsible to maintain and support these objectives in developing means and methods for performing the work of this Contract and in proposing product substitutions and/or changes to specified processes.

1.3 RELATED DOCUMENTS

SECTION 01 81 13 – Sustainable Design Requirements

A. Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including General Conditions and other Division 1 Specification Sections, apply to this Section.

B. Related Sections include the following:

1. Divisions 2 through 48 Sections for Sustainable Design Requirements specific to the Work of each of those Sections.

2. 01 74 19 Construction Waste Management

3. 01 81 09 Testing for Indoor Air Quality

4. 01 91 00 General Commissioning Requirements

1.4 DEFINITIONS

A. Agrifiber Products: Composite panel products derived from agricultural fiber

B. Biobased Product: As defined in the 2002 Farm Bill, a product determined by the Secretary to be a commercial or industrial product (other than food or feed) that is composed, in whole or in significant part, of biological products or renewable domestic agricultural materials (including plant, animal, and marine materials) or forestry materials

C. Biobased Content: The weight of the biobased material divided by the total weight of the product and expressed as a percentage by weight

D. Certificates of Chain-of-Custody: Certificates signed by manufacturers certifying that wood used to make products has been tracked through its extraction and fabrication to ensure that is was obtained from forests certified by a specified certification program

E. Composite Wood: A product consisting of wood fiber or other plant particles bonded together by a resin or binder

F. Construction and Demolition Waste: Includes solid wastes, such as building materials, packaging, rubbish, debris, and rubble resulting from construction, remodeling, repair and demolition operations. A construction waste management plan is to be provided by the Contractor as defined in Section 01 74 19.

G. LEED: The Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design green building rating systems developed and adopted by the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC). The systems certify levels of environmental achievement based on a point and credit scoring system.

H. LEED NC: The Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design green building rating system developed and adopted by the USGBC for new construction and major renovations of buildings

I. LEED EB: The Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design green building rating system developed and adopted by the USGBC for operating and maintaining existing buildings

J. Light Pollution: Light that extends beyond its source such that the additional light is wasted in an unwanted area or in an area where it inhibits view of the night sky

K. Recycled Content Materials: Products that contain pre-consumer or post-consumer materials as all or part of their feedstock

L. Post-Consumer Recycled Content: The percentage by weight of constituent materials that have been recovered or otherwise diverted from the solid-waste stream after consumer use

M. Pre-Consumer Recycled Content: Materials that have been recovered or otherwise diverted from the solid-waste stream during the manufacturing process. Pre-consumer content must be material that would not have otherwise entered the waste stream as per Section 5 of the FTC Act, Part 260 “Guidelines for the Use of Environmental Marketing Claims”:

www.ftc.gov/bcp/grnrule/guides980427

N. Regional Materials: Materials that are extracted, harvested, recovered, and manufactured within a radius of 250 miles (400 km) from the Project site

O. Salvaged or Reused Materials: Materials extracted from existing buildings in order to be reused in other buildings without being manufactured

P. Sealant: Any material that fills and seals gaps between other materials

Q. Type 1 Finishes: Materials and finishes which have a potential for short-term levels of off gassing from chemicals inherent in their manufacturing process, or which are applied in a form requiring vehicles or carriers for spreading which release a high level of particulate matter in the process of installation and/or curing.

R. Type 2 Finishes: “Fuzzy" materials and finishes which are woven, fibrous, or porous in nature and tend to adsorb chemicals offgassed by Type 1 finishes or may be adversely affected by particulates. These materials become "sinks" for deleterious substances which may be released much later, or collectors of contaminants that may promote subsequent bacterial growth.

S. Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs): Any compound of carbon, excluding carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, carbonic acid, metallic carbides or carbonates, and ammonium carbonate, which participates in atmospheric photochemical reactions. Compounds that have negligible photochemical reactivity, listed in EPA 40 CFR 51.100(s), are also excluded from this regulatory definition.

1.5 SUBMITTALS

A. General: Additional Sustainable Design submittal requirements are included in other sections of the Specifications.

B. Sustainable Design Submittals:

1. Alternative Transportation: Provide manufacturer’s cut sheets for all bike racks installed on site, including the total number of bicycle storage slots provided. Also, provide manufacturer’s cut sheets for any alternative-fuel refueling stations installed on site, including fueling capacity information for an 8-hour period.

2. Heat Island Effect:

a. Site Paving: Provide manufacturer’s cut sheets for all impervious paving materials, highlighting the Solar Reflectance Index (SRI) of the material. Also, provide cut sheets for all pervious paving materials.

b. Roofing Materials: Submittals for roofing materials must include manufacturer’s cut sheets or product data highlighting the Solar Reflectance Index (SRI) of the material.

3. Exterior Lighting Fixtures: Submittals must include cut sheets with manufacturer’s data on initial fixture lumens above 90° from nadir for all exterior lighting fixtures, and, for parking lot lighting, verification that the fixtures are classified by the IESNA as “full cutoff” (FCO); OR provide documentation that exterior luminaires are IDA-Approved as Dark-Sky Friendly by the International Dark Sky Association (IDA) Fixture Seal of Approval Program.

4. Irrigation Systems: Provide manufacturer’s cut sheets for all permanent landscape irrigation system components and for any rainwater harvesting system components, such as cisterns.

5. Water Conserving Fixtures: Submittals must include manufacturer’s cut sheets for all water-consuming plumbing fixtures and fittings (toilets, urinals, faucets, showerheads, etc.) highlighting maximum flow rates and/or flush rates. Include cut sheets for any automatic faucet-control devices.

6. Process Water Use: Provide manufacturer’s cut sheets for all water-consuming commercial equipment (clothes washers, dishwashers, ice machines, etc.), highlighting water consumption performance. Include manufacturer’s cut sheets or product data for any cooling towers, highlighting water consumption estimates, water use reduction measures, and corrosion inhibitors.

7. Elimination of CFCs AND HCFCs: Provide manufacturer’s cut sheets for all cooling equipment with manufacturer’s product data, highlighting refrigerants; provide manufacturer’s cut sheets for all fire-suppression equipment, highlighting fire-suppression agents; provide manufacturer’s cut-sheets for all polystyrene insulation (XPS) and closed-cell spray foam polyurethane insulation, highlighting the blowing agent(s).

8. Appliances and Equipment: Provide copies of manufacturer’s product data for all Energy Star eligible equipment and appliances, including office equipment, computers and printers, electronics, and commercial food service equipment (excluding HVAC and lighting components), verifying compliance with EPA’s Energy Star program.

9. On-Site Renewable Energy Systems: Provide cut sheets and manufacturer’s product data for all on-site renewable energy generating components and equipment, including documentation of output capacity.

10. Measurement and Verification Systems: Provide cut sheets and manufacturer’s…