PAF 198127 Spec Section 3 of 5-a.pdf

APPENDIX C

Aerial and Site Photos

Supplemental Environmental Baseline Survey – Republic of Palau

Photograph Log C-i

PHOTOGRAPH LOG

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Photo Number Page

Photo No. 1 – 1954 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers topographic map of northern Babeldaob.

.........................................................................................................................C-1

Photo No. 2 – 19 October 2004 Adjacent and east of the subject property showing the Compact Road. Photo compliments of Dr. Pat Colin. Ngaraard Tx Site. .......C-2

Photo No. 3 – 31 January 2005 Subject property and surrounding properties. Photo from Google Earth. Ngaraard Tx Site. .....................................................................C-2

Photo No. 4 – 10 June 2005 Adjacent and east of the subject property showing the Compact Road. Photo compliments of Dr. Pat Colin. Ngaraard Tx Site. ......................C-3

Photo No. 5 – 14 October 2012 Subject property and surrounding properties. Photo from Google Earth. Ngaraard Tx Site. .....................................................................C-3

Photo No. 6 – 23 April 2014 Subject property and surrounding properties. Photo from Google Earth. Ngaraard Tx Site. .....................................................................C-4

Photo No. 7 – 18 January 2017 Subject property and surrounding properties. Photo from Google Earth. Ngaraard Tx Site. .....................................................................C-4

Photo No. 8 – 28 September 2018 Subject property and surrounding properties. Photo from ESRI. Ngaraard Tx Site...................................................................................C-5

Photo No. 9 – 1946 Map produced from 1944 aerial photographs for the U.S. Navy and War Department. Photo compliments of the University of Texas. Angaur Rx Site.

.........................................................................................................................C-6

Photo No. 10 – 07 January 1970 Adjacent and west of the subject property. The Angaur airfield is on the right side of the photograph. U.S. Navy aerial photo compliments of Dr. Pat Colin. Angaur Rx Site. ..............................................C-7

Photo No. 11 – 09 January 1976 Subject property and surrounding properties. Photo compliments of Dr. Pat Colin. Angaur Rx Site. ..............................................C-7

Photo No. 12 – 14 January 1976 Northern subject property and surrounding properties.

Unknown source. Photo compliments of Dr. Pat Colin. Angaur Rx Site. ......C-8

Photo No. 13 – 1994 Aerial imagery of Angaur Island. Source unknown. Photo compliments of Dr. Pat Colin. Angaur Rx Site. ...................................................................C-9

Photo No. 14 – 14 December 2012 Northern end of the Angaur runway. Photo compliments of Dr. Pat Colin. Angaur Rx Site. .................................................................C-10

Photo No. 15 – 14 December 2012 Northern portion of the subject property. Photo compliments of Dr. Pat Colin. Angaur Rx Site. ............................................C-10

Photo No. 16 – 14 December 2012 North-central subject property. Photo compliments of Dr.

Pat Colin. Angaur Rx Site. ............................................................................C-11

PHOTOGRAPH LOG

TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)

Photo Number Page

Photograph Log C-ii

Photo No. 17 – 14 December 2012 South-central subject property. Photo compliments of Dr.

Pat Colin. Angaur Rx Site. ............................................................................C-11

Photo No. 18 – 14 December 2012 Southern end of the subject property showing Rocky Point on the coast. Photo compliments of Dr. Pat Colin. Angaur Rx Site. ...C-12

Photo No. 19 – 14 December 2012 Northwest of subject property showing the local power generator building and former Loran Station. Photo compliments of Dr. Pat Colin. Angaur Rx Site. ..................................................................................C-12

Photo No. 20 – 04 April 2013 Oblique aerial photograph showing the northern end of the subject property. Photo compliments of Dr. Pat Colin. Angaur Rx Site. .....C-13

Photo No. 21 – 04 April 2013 Oblique aerial photograph showing the southern portion of the subject property. Photo compliments of Dr. Pat Colin. Angaur Rx Site. .....C-13

Photo No. 22 – 04 April 2013 Northern portion of the subject property and Angaur runway.

Photo compliments of Dr. Pat Colin. Angaur Rx Site. .................................C-14

Photo No. 23 – 04 April 2013 North-west of the subject property showing the former Loran station. Photo compliments of Dr. Pat Colin. Angaur Rx Site. .....................C-14

Photo No. 24 – 04 April 2013 Northwest of the subject property showing the local power generator building and former Loran Station. Photo compliments of Dr. Pat Colin. Angaur Rx Site. ..................................................................................C-15

Photo No. 25 – 06 December 2014 Subject property and surrounding properties. Photo from Google Earth. Angaur Rx Site. .....................................................................C-15

Photo No. 26 – 10 July 2018 Center of the Ngaraard Tx Site showing the eastern portion of the subject property and adjacent property east of the subject property in the distance. Looking northeast. .........................................................................C-16

Photo No. 27 – 10 July 2018 Central portion of the Ngaraard Tx Site showing the edge of the dense vegetation located on the southern portion of the subject property.

Looking south. ..............................................................................................C-16

Photo No. 28 – 10 July 2018 Northern portion of the Ngaraard Tx Site showing the western bluff and ocean. Looking west. .....................................................................C-17

Photo No. 29 – 10 July 2018 MEC avoidance along the northern tree line of the Ngaraard Tx Site. Looking north. ......................................................................................C-17

Photo No. 30 – 10 July 2018 Western bluff of the Ngaraard Tx Site subject showing mangrove adjacent to the beach. Looking west and down from the bluff. ...C-18

Photo No. 31 – 11 July 2018 Collecting soil sample 18PA-BAB-004 from the Ngaraard Tx Site. ...............................................................................................................C-18

Photo No. 32 – 10 July 2018 New construction on the subject property at the Ngaraard Tx Site. Looking northeast. ................................................................................C-19

TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)

Photo Number Page

Photograph Log C-iii

Photo No. 33 – 10 July 2018 Shed located on the subject property between the residential buildings at the Ngaraard Tx Site. Looking south. .......................................C-19

Photo No. 34 – 22 November July 2019 Completed construction of the new house on the subject property at the Ngaraard Tx Site. Looking north..............................C-20

Photo No. 35 – 22 November 2019 Outhouse building located to the east of the southernmost residential building at the Ngaraard Tx Site. Looking west..........................C-20

Photo No. 36 – 22 November 2019 Rain catchment and two buildings on the subject property at the Ngaraard Tx Site. Looking east. ..........................................................C-21

Photo No. 37 – 22 November 2019 Archaeological data recovery to the south of the residential buildings at the Ngaraard Tx Site. Looking southeast. ...............C-21

Photo No. 38 – 22 November 2019 Archaeological data recovery to the south of the residential buildings at the Ngaraard Tx Site. Looking east. ........................C-22

Photo No. 39 – 22 November 2019 Collecting Sample 19PA-BAB-001 from downhill of the archaeological site at the Ngaraard Tx Site. Looking southeast. ..................C-22

Photo No. 40 – 22 November 2019 Vacant land on the subject property at the Ngaraard Tx Site. Looking west. ........................................................................................C-23

Photo No. 41 – 22 November 2019 Vacant land on the subject property at the Ngaraard Tx Site. Looking south. ......................................................................................C-23

Photo No. 42 – 12 July 2018 Angaur Rx Site subject property and Angaur runway. Looking west. ..............................................................................................................C-24

Photo No. 43 – 12 July 2018 Main access road showing thick vegetation at the Angaur Rx Site. Looking north. ......................................................................................C-24

Photo No. 44 – 13 July 2018 Airplane wing in the jungle adjacent to sample location 18PA- ANG-009 at the Angaur Rx Site. Looking west. ..........................................C-25

Photo No. 45 – 12 July 2018 Location of sample 18PA-ANG-010 and -011 adjacent to a deteriorated tar drum and spilled bitumen at the Angaur Rx Site. Looking south. .............................................................................................................C-25

Photo No. 46 – 12 July 2018 Cut bank in limestone from the geotechnical investigation.

These paths were used for the VSI at the Angaur Rx Site. Looking northwest.

.......................................................................................................................C-26

Photo No. 47 – 12 July 2018 Regrowth over cleared trails generated during the geotechnical investigation at the Angaur Rx Site. Looking west. .....................................C-26

Photo No. 48 – 12 July 2018 Large piece of frag identified during MEC avoidance activities at the Angaur Rx Site. ...................................................................................C-27

TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)

Photo Number Page

Photograph Log C-iv

Photo No. 49 – 12 July 2018 Abandoned mining equipment adjacent to soil sample 18PA- ANG-004 at the Angaur Rx Site. ..................................................................C-27

Photo No. 50 – 12 July 2018 Vertical sidewall from former phosphate mining on the subject property at the Angaur Rx Site. ....................................................................C-28

Photo No. 51 – 13 July 2018 Lone deteriorated drum adjacent to soil sample 18PA-ANG- 020 at the Angaur Rx Site. ............................................................................C-28

Photo No. 52 – 12 July 2018 Weather station on the northern end of the subject property at the Angaur Rx Site. Looking east. ................................................................C-29

Photo No. 53 – 14 July 2018 Northern portion of the drum dump along a topographic survey trail at the Angaur Rx Site. Looking west. ....................................................C-29

Photo No. 54 – 14 July 2018 Collecting GPS coordinates from the northern portion of the drum dump at the Angaur Rx Site. Looking east. .........................................C-30

Photo No. 55 – 14 July 2018 Deteriorated drums in the drum dump at the Angaur Rx Site.

.......................................................................................................................C-30

Photo No. 56 – 14 July 2018 Additional deteriorated drums in the drum dump at the Angaur Rx Site. Looking southeast. ..........................................................................C-31

Photo No. 57 – 14 July 2018 Additional deteriorated drums in the drum dump at the Angaur Rx Site. Looking north. .................................................................................C-31

Photo No. 58 – 17 November 2019 Collecting a survey check sho at the Angaur Rx Site t.

Looking northeast..........................................................................................C-32

Photo No. 59 – 17 November 2019 Demarcating step-out samples with survey tape and measuring tape from 2018 sample locations at the Angaur Rx Site. Looking east.................................................................................................................C-32

Photo No. 60 – 17 November 2019 Collecting a survey point from sample location 19PA- ANG005-20E at the Angaur Rx Site. Looking northwest. ...........................C-33

Photo No. 61 – 17 November 2019 VSI of the northern extended footprint at the Angaur Rx Site. Looking southeast. ................................................................................C-33

Photo No. 62 – 19 November 2019 Digging a hole to locate a suitable water source for sampling at the Angaur Rx Site. Looking north. ..........................................C-34

Photo No. 63 – 20 November 2019 Collecting soil sample and GPS point of 19PA-ANG-002 at the Angaur Rx Site. Looking northeast. ....................................................C-34

Photo No. 64 – 20 November 2019 Collecting water sample 19PA-SW-02 adjacent to the landfill on Angaur Island. Looking southwest. .............................................C-35

Photo No. 65 – 20 November 2019 Sample point 19PA-SW-02 looking southeast to the landfill on Angaur Island. Looking southeast. ..............................................C-35

TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)

Photo Number Page

Photograph Log C-v

Photo No. 66 – 20 November 2019 WWII era well used to supply Angaur with running water. Sample location 19PA-GW-01. Looking southeast. ..........................C-36

Photo No. 67 – 21 November 2019 U.S. Coast Guard well adjacent and west of the Angaur landing strip approximately 65 feet from the Angaur Rx Site. Collecting sample 19PA-GW-02. Looking west. ...........................................................C-36

C-1

Photo No. 1 – 1954 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers topographic map of northern Babeldaob.

C-2

Photo No. 2 – 19 October 2004 Adjacent and east of the subject property showing the Compact Road. Photo compliments of Dr. Pat

Colin. Ngaraard Tx Site.

Photo No. 3 – 31 January 2005

Subject property and surrounding properties. Photo from Google Earth. Ngaraard Tx Site.

C-3

Photo No. 4 – 10 June 2005

Adjacent and east of the subject property showing the Compact Road. Photo compliments of Dr. Pat Colin. Ngaraard Tx Site.

Photo No. 5 – 14 October 2012

C-4

Photo No. 6 – 23 April 2014

Photo No. 7 – 18 January 2017

C-5

Photo No. 8 – 28 September 2018 Subject property and surrounding properties. Photo from ESRI. Ngaraard Tx Site.

C-6

Photo No. 9 – 1946 Map produced from 1944 aerial photographs for the U.S. Navy and War Department. Photo compliments of the University of Texas. Angaur Rx Site.

C-7

Photo No. 10 – 07 January 1970

Adjacent and west of the subject property. The Angaur airfield is on the right side of the photograph.

U.S. Navy aerial photo compliments of Dr. Pat Colin. Angaur Rx Site.

Photo No. 11 – 09 January 1976

Subject property and surrounding properties. Photo compliments of Dr. Pat Colin. Angaur Rx Site.

C-8

Photo No. 12 – 14 January 1976

Northern subject property and surrounding properties. Unknown source. Photo compliments of Dr. Pat Colin. Angaur Rx Site.

C-9

Photo No. 13 – 1994 Aerial imagery of Angaur Island. Source unknown. Photo compliments of Dr. Pat Colin. Angaur Rx

Site.

C-10

Photo No. 14 – 14 December 2012

Northern end of the Angaur runway. Photo compliments of Dr. Pat Colin. Angaur Rx Site.

Photo No. 15 – 14 December 2012

Northern portion of the subject property. Photo compliments of Dr. Pat Colin. Angaur Rx Site.

C-11

Photo No. 16 – 14 December 2012

North-central subject property. Photo compliments of Dr. Pat Colin. Angaur Rx Site.

Photo No. 17 – 14 December 2012

South-central subject property. Photo compliments of Dr. Pat Colin. Angaur Rx Site.

C-12

Photo No. 18 – 14 December 2012

Southern end of the subject property showing Rocky Point on the coast. Photo compliments of

Photo No. 19 – 14 December 2012

Northwest of subject property showing the local power generator building and former Loran Station.

Photo compliments of Dr. Pat Colin. Angaur Rx Site.

C-13

Photo No. 20 – 04 April 2013

Oblique aerial photograph showing the northern end of the subject property. Photo compliments of

Photo No. 21 – 04 April 2013

Oblique aerial photograph showing the southern portion of the subject property. Photo compliments of Dr. Pat Colin. Angaur Rx Site.

C-14

Photo No. 22 – 04 April 2013

Northern portion of the subject property and Angaur runway. Photo compliments of Dr. Pat Colin.

Angaur Rx Site.

Photo No. 23 – 04 April 2013

North-west of the subject property showing the former Loran station. Photo compliments of Dr. Pat Colin. Angaur Rx Site.

C-15

Photo No. 24 – 04 April 2013

Northwest of the subject property showing the local power generator building and former Loran Station. Photo compliments of Dr. Pat Colin. Angaur Rx Site.

Photo No. 25 – 06 December 2014

Subject property and surrounding properties. Photo from Google Earth. Angaur Rx Site.

C-16

Photo No. 26 – 10 July 2018

Center of the Ngaraard Tx Site showing the eastern portion of the subject property and adjacent property east of the subject property in the distance. Looking northeast.

Photo No. 27 – 10 July 2018

Central portion of the Ngaraard Tx Site showing the edge of the dense vegetation located on the southern portion of the subject property. Looking south.

C-17

Photo No. 28 – 10 July 2018

Northern portion of the Ngaraard Tx Site showing the western bluff and ocean. Looking west.

Photo No. 29 – 10 July 2018

MEC avoidance along the northern tree line of the Ngaraard Tx Site. Looking north.

C-18

Photo No. 30 – 10 July 2018

Western bluff of the Ngaraard Tx Site subject showing mangrove adjacent to the beach.

Looking west and down from the bluff.

Photo No. 31 – 11 July 2018

Collecting soil sample 18PA-BAB-004 from the Ngaraard Tx Site.

C-19

Photo No. 32 – 10 July 2018

New construction on the subject property at the Ngaraard Tx Site. Looking northeast.

Photo No. 33 – 10 July 2018

Shed located on the subject property between the residential buildings at the Ngaraard Tx Site.

Looking south.

C-20

Photo No. 34 – 22 November July 2019

Completed construction of the new house on the subject property at the Ngaraard Tx Site.

Looking north.

Photo No. 35 – 22 November 2019

Outhouse building located to the east of the southernmost residential building at the Ngaraard Tx Site. Looking west.

C-21

Photo No. 36 – 22 November 2019

Rain catchment and two buildings on the subject property at the Ngaraard Tx Site. Looking east.

Photo No. 37 – 22 November 2019

Archaeological data recovery to the south of the residential buildings at the Ngaraard Tx Site.

Looking southeast.

C-22

Photo No. 38 – 22 November 2019

Archaeological data recovery to the south of the residential buildings at the Ngaraard Tx Site.

Looking east.

Photo No. 39 – 22 November 2019

Collecting Sample 19PA-BAB-001 from downhill of the archaeological site at the Ngaraard Tx Site. Looking southeast.

C-23

Photo No. 40 – 22 November 2019

Vacant land on the subject property at the Ngaraard Tx Site. Looking west.

Photo No. 41 – 22 November 2019

Vacant land on the subject property at the Ngaraard Tx Site. Looking south.

C-24

Photo No. 42 – 12 July 2018

Angaur Rx Site subject property and Angaur runway. Looking west.

Photo No. 43 – 12 July 2018

Main access road showing thick vegetation at the Angaur Rx Site. Looking north.

C-25

Photo No. 44 – 13 July 2018

Airplane wing in the jungle adjacent to sample location 18PA-ANG-009 at the Angaur Rx Site. Looking west.

Photo No. 45 – 12 July 2018

Location of sample 18PA-ANG-010 and -011 adjacent to a deteriorated tar drum and spilled bitumen at the Angaur Rx Site. Looking south.

C-26

Photo No. 46 – 12 July 2018

Cut bank in limestone from the geotechnical investigation. These paths were used for the VSI at the Angaur Rx Site. Looking northwest.

Photo No. 47 – 12 July 2018

Regrowth over cleared trails generated during the geotechnical investigation at the Angaur Rx Site. Looking west.

C-27

Photo No. 48 – 12 July 2018

Large piece of frag identified during MEC avoidance activities at the Angaur Rx Site.

Photo No. 49 – 12 July 2018

Abandoned mining equipment adjacent to soil sample 18PA-ANG-004 at the Angaur Rx Site.

C-28

Photo No. 50 – 12 July 2018

Vertical sidewall from former phosphate mining on the subject property at the Angaur Rx Site.

Photo No. 51 – 13 July 2018

Lone deteriorated drum adjacent to soil sample 18PA-ANG-020 at the Angaur Rx Site.

C-29

Photo No. 52 – 12 July 2018

Weather station on the northern end of the subject property at the Angaur Rx Site. Looking east.

Photo No. 53 – 14 July 2018

Northern portion of the drum dump along a topographic survey trail at the Angaur Rx Site.

Looking west.

C-30

Photo No. 54 – 14 July 2018

Collecting GPS coordinates from the northern portion of the drum dump at the Angaur Rx Site. Looking east.

Photo No. 55 – 14 July 2018

Deteriorated drums in the drum dump at the Angaur Rx Site.

C-31

Photo No. 56 – 14 July 2018

Additional deteriorated drums in the drum dump at the Angaur Rx Site. Looking southeast.

Photo No. 57 – 14 July 2018

Additional deteriorated drums in the drum dump at the Angaur Rx Site. Looking north.

C-32

Photo No. 58 – 17 November 2019

Collecting a survey check sho at the Angaur Rx Site t. Looking northeast.

Photo No. 59 – 17 November 2019

Demarcating step-out samples with survey tape and measuring tape from 2018 sample locations at the Angaur Rx Site. Looking east.

C-33

Photo No. 60 – 17 November 2019

Collecting a survey point from sample location 19PA-ANG005-20E at the Angaur Rx Site.

Looking northwest.

Photo No. 61 – 17 November 2019

VSI of the northern extended footprint at the Angaur Rx Site. Looking southeast.

C-34

Photo No. 62 – 19 November 2019

Digging a hole to locate a suitable water source for sampling at the Angaur Rx Site. Looking north.

Photo No. 63 – 20 November 2019

Collecting soil sample and GPS point of 19PA-ANG-002 at the Angaur Rx Site. Looking northeast.

C-35

Photo No. 64 – 20 November 2019

Collecting water sample 19PA-SW-02 adjacent to the landfill on Angaur Island. Looking southwest.

Photo No. 65 – 20 November 2019

Sample point 19PA-SW-02 looking southeast to the landfill on Angaur Island. Looking southeast.

C-36

Photo No. 66 – 20 November 2019

WWII era well used to supply Angaur with running water. Sample location 19PA-GW-01.

Looking southeast.

Photo No. 67 – 21 November 2019

U.S. Coast Guard well adjacent and west of the Angaur landing strip approximately 65 feet from the Angaur Rx Site. Collecting sample 19PA-GW-02. Looking west.

APPENDIX D

References

D-1

REFERENCES

AFI (Air Force Instruction). 2015 (26 January). Environmental Baseline Surveys in Real Property Transactions. 32-7066.

AFIMSC (Air Force Installation and Mission Support Center). 2018 (October).

Environmental Baseline Survey, Ngaraard and Angaur, Republic of Palau. Final.

Prepared by Jacobs Engineering Group Inc.

AGRoP (The Association of Governors, Republic of Palau). 2003 (June). Resource Management and Development Suitability Study, for the States of the Republic of Palau. Prepared by MWM Architects, Inc. Guam and California.

Air Force Civil Engineer Center. 2019 (January). Archaeological Monitoring for the TACMOR Geotechnical and Environmental Baseline Surveys in Angaur and Ngaraard, Republic of Palau.

AMPRO (AMPRO Ordnance & Explosive Consultants). 2018 (22 April). MEC/UXO Anomaly Avoidance After Action Report. Prepared for Moffatt and Nichol for FY17 Special Project TACMOR, Babeldaob and Angaur Island, Republic of Palau.

ANL (Argonne National Laboratories). 2019 (July). Draft Natural and Cultural Resource Investigations to Support Construction of Air Domain Awareness Radar Facilities in the Republic of Palau.

ASTM (American Society of Testing Materials). 2013. Standard Practices for Environmental Site Assessments: Phase I Environmental Site Assessment Process. E1527-13.

ASTM. 2014. Standard Practice for Conducting Environmental Baseline Surveys. D6008-96.

Center for Disease Control and Prevention. 2018. Lead, Information for Workers.

https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/lead/health.html. Accessed 27 February 2020.

Coral Reef Research Foundation, Palau. 2014 (December). A Summary of Palau’s Typhoon History 1945-2013.

Denton, Gary R. W., and Sara Namazi. 2013 (18 September). “Indoor Radon Levels and Lung Cancer Incidence on Guam” in Procedia Environmental Sciences. Volume 18,

pp. 157-166.

DoD (U.S. Department of Defense). 2007 (May). Overseas Environmental Baseline Guidance Document. Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics. DoD 4715.05-G.

EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 2018 (November). Regional Screening Levels (RSLs) - Generic Tables. https://www.epa.gov/risk/regional-screening-levels-rsls-generic-tables.

D-2

Garand, George W. and Truman R Strowbridge. 1971. History of U.S. Marine Corps Operations in World War II, Volume IV: Western Pacific Operations.

Geo-Engineering and Testing Inc. 2018 (24 April). Preliminary Report Geotechnical Investigation FY17 Special Project TACMOR, Republic of Palau.

Government of the Republic of Palau. 2019. Climate Statistics. http://palaugov.pw/climate-statistics/. Accessed 23 July 2018.

LORAN History. 2019. http://www.loran-history.info/angaur_island/angaur_island.htm.

Accessed 26 July 2018.

M&N (Moffatt & Nichol). 2018 (24 April). Preliminary Report, Geotechnical Investigation, FY17 Special Project TACMOR, Republic of Palau.

Myounghee Noh and Associates. 2018 (24 April). Site Investigation report for FY17 Special Project TACMOR Babeldaob and Angaur Islands, Republic of Palau.

Napolitano, Matthew and Scott Fitzpatrick. 2019 (27 June). Archaeological Monitoring for NAVFAC Pacific FY19MCAF Project PAF198127 TACMOR at Tx Site (B:NA-3:1), Ngaraard State and Rx Site, Angaur State, Republic of Palau.

NRCS (Natural Resources Conservation Service). 2007. Soil Survey of the Islands of Palau, Republic of Palau. Prepared by Jason L. Nemecek and Robert T. Gavenda.

Olsudong, Rita & Blaiyok, Vince. 1996 (October). Preliminary Report, Reconnaissance Survey of Archaeological Sites in Angaur State.

USACE (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers). 2020 (forthcoming). Phase II Environmental Baseline Survey, Ngaraard and Angaur, Republic of Palau. Prepared by Jacobs Engineering Group Inc.

USCG (U.S. Coast Guard). 2018 (19 April). National Response Center Online Database.

http://www.nrc.uscg.mil/.

USDA (U.S. Department of Agriculture). 1941 (November). Arsenic in Natural Phosphates and Phosphate Fertilizers. Prepared by Tremearne, T. H. & Jacob, K. D.

http://palaugov.pw/climate-statistics/ http://palaugov.pw/climate-statistics/ http://www.loranhistory.info/angaur_island/angaur_island.htm http://www.nrc.uscg.mil/

APPENDIX E

Interviews

EBS Interview Questionnaire

Interview Details

Name: Date: Time:

Affiliation:

☐ Government Employee ☐ Owner of the subject property ☐ Other (describe):

☐ Adjacent Property Owner ☐ Nearby Resident

Email address

(optional): Phone Number (optional):

Site Location ☐ Babeldaob (Ngaraard) ☐ Angaur (Ngeaur)

Interview Questions

1 - How long have you been a resident of the Republic of Palau? ☐0-5 years ☐5-10 years ☐I am not a resident:

☐10-20 years ☐20+ years

2 - Are there any local landfills on or near the subject property? ☐No ☐Yes (list address or general location):

3 - Are you aware of any spills or releases to the environment having occurred on the subject property? For example, oil or gasoline spills, overfilling automobiles or storage tanks, tank or drum leaks, paint spills and similar. ☐No ☐Yes (list approximate date, type of spill, and general location)

X

150m NW of property USCG use of community land fill was limited and maybe some auto batteries were disposed there. No other concernes

X former US Coast Guard assigned to the Angaur LORAN station, as safety officer and equipment operator

X

Mark Vereen July 19, 2018 12:00

2 | P a g e

Are you aware of any spills or releases to the environment having occurred on adjacent properties? For example, oil or gasoline spills, overfilling automobiles or storage tanks, tank or drum leaks, paint spills and similar. ☐No ☐Yes (list approximate date, type of spill, and general location and distance from the subject property)

4 - Are you aware of any offsite gravel, topsoil, or backfill being brought onsite from an offsite source? ☐No ☐Yes (list quarry or borrow pit if known):

5 - Are you aware of any aboveground storage tanks (AST) currently or formerly located on the subject property? ☐No ☐Yes - Formerly ☐Yes - Currently

(list the contents if known, and location on the subject property)

Are you aware of any ASTs located on adjacent properties? ☐No ☐Yes - Formerly ☐Yes - Currently

(list the contents if known, and approximate distance from the subject property)

A diesel fuel storage tank was overfilled in mid-1975 and a sizeable "pond" of fuel resulted off the generator building on what was the camp baseball field at the time.

X

X

Four 10,000 gallon fuel storage tanks were part of the LORAN facility

3 | P a g e

6 - Are you aware of any underground storage tanks (UST) currently or formerly located on the subject property? ☐No ☐Yes - Formerly ☐Yes - Currently

(list the contents if known, and location on the subject property)

Are you aware of any USTs currently or formerly located on adjacent properties? ☐No ☐Yes - Formerly ☐Yes - Currently

7 - Are you aware of any illegal dumping having occurred on or adjacent to the subject property? ☐No ☐Yes (list general location where illegal dumping occurred for all properties):

8 - Are you aware of any permanent/temporary buildings being currently or formerly located on the subject property? ☐No ☐Yes (list building type and general location):

9 - Are you aware of any hazardous substances such as oil, gasoline, solvents, coolant, paint or similar products ever being stored on the subject property? ☐No ☐Yes (list substances stored on the property):

the camp did have a below ground water cistern for storing rainwater catchment

X

4 | P a g e

10 - Has the subject property or adjacent properties ever been utilized for commercial

(business/services) or industrial use? ☐No ☐Yes (list all known uses for each property):

11 - Are you aware of any injection wells (including floor drains and septic tanks) on or adjacent to the subject property that were used to dispose of wastewater directly to the subsurface? ☐No ☐Yes (Note the known locations)

12 - Have you ever witnessed any action or event on or adjacent to the subject property that might be considered hazardous to the environment? For example, an overturned car or

ATV, a vehicle catching fire, target practice with a firearm, or burying metal debris to name a few. ☐No ☐Yes (please provide details below)

5 | P a g e

13 - Was the subject property ever sprayed with oil (used or new petroleum products, cooking oil, mineral oil or transformer oil) for dust control? ☐No ☐Yes (list type of oil if known)

14 - Were pesticides or herbicides ever sprayed on the subject property? ☐No ☐Yes

15 - Were drums ever stored or buried on the subject property? ☐No ☐Yes (note the contents of the drum and location if known)

16 - Was the subject property ever used for refueling operations such as refueling boats, airplanes, automobiles or heavy equipment? ☐No ☐Yes (list all that apply)

17 - Aside from a few abandoned vehicles or appliances, was the subject property ever used as a junkyard or for salvage operations? ☐No ☐Yes (list all that apply)

X mostly drums of bitumen

X the hardstand area at the north end of the runway was used for off loading fuel

6 | P a g e

18 - Was the subject property ever used for burning or incinerating garbage, building debris, or other materials? ☐No ☐Yes (list all that apply)

Additional Information

Please provide additional information that you deem important and is not otherwise listed above.

This may include contact information for other knowledgeable individuals, sketches, maps, as-built drawings, details or firsthand accounts of encountering hazards (munitions or hazardous substances) on the property, or seeing sheens or other staining while on the property.

SEBS Interview Questionnaire

Name:

Affiliation I

Email address

(optional):

Site Location

Date: /L -1619_ rimet 7,'/2 htl E Rdjacent ProPertY Owner

E Nearby Resident fl Babeldaob (Chol, Ngaraard) E'Angaur (Ngeaur)

6?O 77s'3srl

Government EmPloYee

D Owner of the subject ProPertY

I Other (describe):

Phone Number (oPtional):

ire in 2018 as of the initial EBS?

s(o EYes lf you answered "No" proceed to question number 2. lf you answered "Yes", to your knowledge, have any activities or events occurred atthe subject property or adjacent properties since completing that interview that could cause any adverse impacts to the environment? For example, illegal dumping or burying trash, oil or gasoline spills, pesticide or herbicide application, discovery of old drums or dump sites, or similar. Please list all items below to complete and conclude this sEBS questionnaire been a resident of the Republic of Palau?

[0-5 years

I5-10 years nl am not a resident:

I LO-20 years

E20+ years

2lPage

Are there any local landfills on or near the subiect property?

trtrto Mes (list adrCress or general location):

Are you aware of any spills or releases to the environment having occurred on the subject property? For example, oi,l or gasoline spills, overfilling automobiles or storage tanks, tank or drum leaks, paint spills and similar.

w{" IYes (list approximate date, type of spill, and general location)

Are you aware of any spills or releases to the environment having occurred on adjacent properties? For example, oil or gasoline spills, overfilling automobiles or storage tanks, tank or drum leaks, paint spills and similar.

El\lo EYes (list ap,:roximate da':e, type of spill, and general location and distance from the subject property)

Are you aware of any offsite gravel, topsoil, or backfill being brought onsite from an offsite source?

ENo IYes (list quarry or borrow pit if known):

Are you aware of any aboveground storage tanks {AST) currently or formerly located on the subject property?

ll,1'No trYes - Formerly EYes - Currently

Are you aware of any ASTs located on adjacent properties?

3lPage

Et',to EYes - Formerly

EYes - Currently (list the cont-.nts if known, and approximate distance from the subject property)

Are you aware of any underground storage tanks (UST) currently or formerly located on the subject property?

ENo EYes - Formerly DYes - Currently (list the cont€:nts if known, and location on the subject property)

Are you aware of any USTs currently or formerly located on adjacent properties?

lrlNo IYes - Formerly EYes - Currently (list the contents if known, and approximate distance from the subject property)

# Are you aware of any illegal dumping having occurred on or adjacent to the subject property?

ZNy E{es (list general location where illegal dumping occurred for all properties):

Are you aware of any perrnanent/temporary buildings being currently or formerly located on the subject property?

IYes (list building type and general location):

4lPage

10 Are you aware of any hazardous substances such as oil, gasoline, solvents, coolant, paint or similar products ever being stored on the subject plepellyl

Ll No llYes (list substances stored on the property):

LL Has the subject property or adiacent properties ever been utilized for commercial (business/services) or industrial use?

(list all known uses for each property):

MNo EYes

L2 Are you aware of any injection wells (including floor drains and septic tanks) on or adjacent to the subject property that were used to dispose of wastewater directly to the subsurface?

(Note the known locations):

Lt4No

EYes

13 Have you ever witnessed any action or event on or adjacent to the subject property that might be considered hazardous to the environment? For example, an overturned car or ATV, a vehicle catching fire, target practice with a firearm, or burying metal debris to name a few.

E lto.

EYes (please provide detalls below):

5t 'tb s

14 Was the subject property ever sprayed with oil (used or new petroleum products, cooking oi!, mineral oil or transfonmer oil) for dust control?

MNo nYes (list type of oil if known)

5lPage

15 Were pesticides or herbicides ever sprayed on the subject property?

E(to nYes

76 Were drums ever stored or buried on the subject property?

trYes (note the contents of the drum and location if known)

17 Was the subject property ever used for refueling operations such as refueling boats, airplanes, automobiles or heavy equipment?

E rvo

IYes (list allthat apply)

18 Aside from a few abandoned vehicles or appliances, was the subiect property ever used as a junkyard or for salvage operations?

{list all that apply)

19 Was the subject property ever used for burning or incinerating garbage, building debris, or other materials?

ENo EYes (list all that apply)

Please provide additional information that you deem important and is not otherwise listed above.

This may include contact information for other knowledgeable individuals, sketches, maps, as-built drawings, details or firsthand accounts of encountering hazards (munitions or hazardous substances) on the property, or seeing sheens or other staining while on the property.

L/No EYes

Name: Roxanne Y. Blesam Date: 07.24.18 Time:

Affiliation:

Email address

☐ Government Employee

☐ Owner of the subject property

☐ Other (describe): EQPB EO

☐ Adjacent Property Owner

☐ Nearby Resident

(optional): eqpb@palaunet.com Phone Number (optional):

Site Location

Babeldaob (Ngaraard)

X Angaur (Ngeaur)

Interview Questions

1 - How long have you been a resident of the Republic of Palau?

☐0-5 years

☐5-10 years

☐ I am not a resident:

☐10-20 years

X20+ years

2 - Are there any local landfills on or near the subject property?

X No

☐ Yes (list address or general location):

or drum leaks, paint spills and similar.

☐No

☐ Yes (list approximate date, type of spill, and general location) properties? For example, oil or gasoline spills, overfilling automobiles or storage tanks, tank or drum leaks, paint spills and similar.

☐ Yes (list approximate date, type of spill, and general location and distance from the offsite source?

☐ Yes (list quarry or borrow pit if known):

5 - Are you aware of any aboveground storage tanks (AST) currently or formerly located on the subject property?

☐ Yes - Formerly

☐ Yes - Currently

We are not aware the subject property?

☐ No

Are you aware of any USTs currently or formerly located on adjacent properties?

property?

☐ No

☐ Yes (list general location where illegal dumping occurred for all properties):

☐ Yes (list building type and general location):

or similar products ever being stored on the subject property?

☐ Yes (list substances stored on the property):

(business/services) or industrial use?

☐ Yes (list all known uses for each property):

subsurface?

☐ Yes (Note the known locations) name a few.

☐ Yes (please provide details below) oil, mineral oil or transformer oil) for dust control?

☐ Yes (list type of oil if known)

14 - Were pesticides or herbicides ever sprayed on the subject property?

☐ Yes

15 - Were drums ever stored or buried on the subject property?

☐ Yes (note the contents of the drum and location if known) airplanes, automobiles or heavy equipment?

☐ Yes (list all that apply) a junkyard or for salvage operations?

other materials?

This may include contact information for other knowledgeable individuals, sketches, maps, as-built drawings, details or firsthand accounts of encountering hazards (munitions or hazardous

Name: Roxanne Y. Blesam Date: 07.24.18 Time:

Affiliation:

Email address

☐ Government Employee

☐ Owner of the subject property

☐ Other (describe): EQPB EO

☐ Adjacent Property Owner

☐ Nearby Resident

(optional): eqpb@palaunet.com Phone Number (optional):

Site Location

X Babeldaob (Ngaraard)

☐ Angaur (Ngeaur)

Interview Questions

1 - How long have you been a resident of the Republic of Palau?

☐0-5 years

☐5-10 years

☐ I am not a resident:

☐10-20 years

X20+ years

2 - Are there any local landfills on or near the subject property?

☐ Yes (list address or general location):

or drum leaks, paint spills and similar.

☐ Yes (list approximate date, type of spill, and general location) properties? For example, oil or gasoline spills, overfilling automobiles or storage tanks, tank or drum leaks, paint spills and similar.

☐ Yes (list approximate date, type of spill, and general location and distance from the offsite source?

☐ Yes (list quarry or borrow pit if known):

5 - Are you aware of any aboveground storage tanks (AST) currently or formerly located on the subject property?

the subject property?

Are you aware of any USTs currently or formerly located on adjacent properties?

property?

☐ Yes (list general location where illegal dumping occurred for all properties):

x Yes (list building type and general location): There are two residences located on the property or similar products ever being stored on the subject property?

☐ Yes (list substances stored on the property):

(business/services) or industrial use?

☐ Yes (list all known uses for each property):

subsurface?

☐ Yes (Note the known locations) name a few.

☐ Yes (please provide details below) oil, mineral oil or transformer oil) for dust control?

☐ Yes (list type of oil if known)

14 - Were pesticides or herbicides ever sprayed on the subject property?

☐ Yes

15 - Were drums ever stored or buried on the subject property?

☐ Yes (note the contents of the drum and location if known) airplanes, automobiles or heavy equipment?

a junkyard or for salvage operations?

other materials?

This may include contact information for other knowledgeable individuals, sketches, maps, as-built drawings, details or firsthand accounts of encountering hazards (munitions or hazardous

Interview of 2 Former USCG Employees about Angaur From: STOWERS, JOHN E CTR USAF AFMC AFIMSC Det 2/CEB

<john.stowers.ctr@us.af.mil> Sent: Monday, August 13, 2018 12:08 PM

To: McClure, Andrew (Drew); Neptun, Kristina Cc: Stowers.John@live.com; FARRIS, JAMES R GS-13 USAF AFMC

PACAF/AFIMSC Det 2/CEB Subject: [EXTERNAL] FW: Interview of 2 Former USCG Employees about Angaur

Attachments: 3450901-LORSTA Angaur PDS.2012_09_10.docx

Kristi, Drew, Just received the below email. Have you seen this? Any problem with included in the

EBS?

Thanks, John Stowers AFIMSC Det 2/CEB Contractor (Cherokee Nation Businesses) DSN 448-2543 work (at Hickam AFB) 210-325-7778 cell (in Hawaii)

From: INGOGLIA, J M GS-14 USAF PACAF/AFCEC/CFPE Sent: Monday, August 13, 2018 8:26 AM To: STOWERS, JOHN E CTR USAF AFMC AFIMSC Det 2/CEB <john.stowers.ctr@us.af.mil> Cc: GRANNIS, WILLIAM E GS-13 USAF PACAF/AFCEC/CFPE <william.grannis@us.af.mil>;

HERBST,

GEORGE A GS-13 USAF PACAF/AFCEC/CFPE <george.herbst@us.af.mil>; FRAZER, BRETON B

GS-13 USAF

PACAF/AFCEC/CFPE <breton.frazer.1@us.af.mil>; CIBOCH, BRENT M GS-13 USAF

PACAF/AFCEC/CFPD

<brent.ciboch@us.af.mil> Subject: FW: Interview of 2 Former USCG Employees about Angaur

John, This info should be included in the Palau EBS for the Angaur site as appropriate.

We queried two former USCG civilian environmental staff persons (Jay Silberman and Dennis Mead) about their recollections of the Ngaraard location where the EBS found the abandoned drums. The USCG previously had a LORAN station at this location. Following is an account in their words, dated 9 Aug 18:

Jay reported that " Me and Dennis [copied above] went out there in the mid-90s to take a look. We poked around the grounds and inside the main station building, and my recollection is that they just walked away from the station when they left. [e.g., all of the transformers and capacitors, of which there are ~200, were still in the transmitters]. The station was also using an unlined landfill along with the residents. And then there was the huge transformer [~65 gallon dielectric fluid capacity] we saw sitting on someone's porch. We…walked over there to check it out. Turns out they were using it for water catchment Over the course of the next few years, we negotiated the right with our lawyers and with USCG HQ to investigate/cleanup these remote stations. The ruling was basically that places like Palau had been

Interview of 2 Former USCG Employees about Angaur independent too long to provide any statutory authority for us to clean it up. [we were able to investigate/cleanup Yap, but that's a very long story]. Based on the other loran cleanups we've done, you can expect a big one. Attached and below is some additional info. " (I have an attachment that I will forward when I can retrieve it from my personal email) http://www.loran-history.info/angaur_island/angaur_island.htm

"Any plot plans we might have had would have been trashed long ago by our office.

The only thing I can offer you is a map found by a quick google search. The station is easily seen at the top of the map.

" https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f6/Angaur_State_map-fr.svg http://www.loran-history.info/angaur_island/angaur_island.htm

Dennis reported: "No site map but google maps can show the location of the northern site, no records of the older southern site. Locals complained of two invasive species brought by the CG, one is a nettle found in the antenna field and the other is a shrew species. We only walked around the northern site, visited the landfill and the launch point (near north end of the runway). Orengas Thomas was our guide, he claimed ownership of the land but I heard later his ownership was contested. His son (grandson?)

was in the CG and stationed at MSO Honolulu when I retired. Nice guy but probably retired now. Because of the vegetation you could only see the water if you were near the ledge over by the diesel storage tanks."

Thanks, mi

U.S. Coast Guard Real Property Environmental Liability Project Documentation Sheet

A. PROJECT INFORMATION

A1. Project Data RPUID: TBD Project Name: Env Rest Former LORSTA

Angaur Project No.: 3450901

ATU: 33 OPFAC: 51292 Servicing CEU: Honolulu Common Unit Name:

CG CEU HONOLULU

Common Location Name:

Former LORSTA Angaur (Palau)

Street Address: N/A Location City: Angaur Island Location State/Terr.:

Republic of Palau

Project Manager: Dennis Mead Phone No.: (808) 535-3464 Email: dennis.j.mead@uscg.mil

Managing Unit (CEU, HQ, etc.):

CEU Honolulu

Identification Method Due Care Construction/Demolition RP Transfer/Due Diligence Unit Field Report Inherited Other _____________________________

Date Identified:

June 2006

Prioritization Risk Ranking Score: 19.5 ELE: $110K

Source of Contamination:

Potentially contaminated soil and/or groundwater due to improper historic disposal practices.

A2. Project Description Historic Asset Use:

The former LORAN Station Angaur was commissioned to the 14th District and began operation in June 1945 as a monitoring station only. The monitoring station operated until it was disestablished in November 1945. The station was rebuilt as a transmitting station between October 1965 and August 1966. The transmitting station operated until December 1977 and was disestablished in January 1978.

Current Asset Use:

The site is located on Angaur Island within the Republic of Palau. The USCG no longer conducts operations at this site. CEU Honolulu Environmental Branch personnel have not yet been to the site to confirm the current physical nature of the site. A more thorough site description will be gathered once the investigation is complete.

EL Description:

Potential improper waste disposal practices at this site represent an EL. In June 2006, the CEU Honolulu environmental office conducted a desktop review of the former LORAN Stations located within the D-14 AOR. During this review, former LORAN Station Angaur was identified. Due to its remote location and historical activities associated with LORAN station operations, it is likely that contaminated or PCB containing debris was improperly disposed at the Site. In addition many small capacitors are thought to still exist in the storeroom. An SI is needed to confirm these suspicions and identify further actions necessary.

A site investigation is planned that will include the collection of surface and sub-surface soil and groundwater samples from the site. Additionally, a magnetometer survey will be conducted to determine if there are any areas with large accumulations of iron buried in the vicinity that may represent a buried debris location. Additionally, the contractor will contact local inhabitants who may know of the disposition of scrap metal or other debris accumulated during the station operations.

A3. Regulatory/Legal Driver(s) DoD Overseas Environmental Baseline Guidance Document, Compact of Free Association A4. References

1. CEUH General Scope Work

2. www.loran-history.info 3.

B. BASIS OF ESTIMATE (BOE)

B1. Liability Status Phase:

Not Reasonably Estimable – Recognize cost to study Remediation Not Reasonably Estimable – Recognize cost to contain Reasonably Estimable – Recognize best estimate

B2. Cleanup Strategy:

The following investigation strategy is based on the CEU Honolulu experience at similar facilities.

• Contact former USCG personnel or local inhabitants that may have specific knowledge of where landfill or disposal areas are located.

• Take on site and near shore biota samples to test for PCB migration off site.

• Divide the area into 20 decision units (approximately 0.5-2 acres each) and conduct MI/DU sampling of the surface soil samples.

o 20 MI/DU PCB surface soil samples o 20 MI/DU Metals surface soil samples

• Surface scan of the area with a magnetometer and sub-surface soil and water samples taken from four sites. Soil samples will be collected from four borings in 2-foot depth increments until water is reached or refusal is encountered using portable drilling equipment.

o 20 PCB subsurface soil samples o 20 Metals subsurface soil samples o 4 PCB Groundwater samples o 4 Metals Groundwater samples

• A summary report will be prepared to present the findings of the SI and recommend any future investigation and/or remedial actions necessary.

B3. Key Assumptions :

Uncertainties:

• The presence of contaminated debris, soil, groundwater, or sediments has not been assessed at this point. Therefore, the need for further investigation or remediation beyond a Site Inspection is unknown cannot be classified as “probable”.

Assumptions:

• Assume groundwater is at 10 feet bgs.

• Assume that logistics challenges (such as travel to site and shipping of equipment) make the site a “Moderate” complexity in RACER.

http://www.loran-histor…