SWPPP_ID_FS_ERFO_2016(1)-27(1)_Pandhandle_Repairs_2016.pdf

"I certify under penalty of law that this document and all attachments were prepared under my direction or supervision in accordance with a system designed to assure that qualified personnel properly gathered and evaluated the information submitted. Based on my inquiry of the person or persons who manage the system, or those persons directly responsible for gathering the information, the information submitted is, to the best of my knowledge and belief, true, accurate, and complete. I am aware that there are significant penalties for submitting false information, including the possibility of fine and imprisonment for knowing violations."

For FHWA, Western Federal Lands Highway Division:

Name:

For General Contractor (Alaska, Idaho, and Washington projects only, SCR 107.0lA):

Name: Title:

Signature: Date:

If Applicable:

Project SWPPP of Record Approval following General Contractor modifications.

For FHW A, Western Federal Lands Highway Division:

Name: Title:

Signature: Date:

(38]

National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System General Permit for Discharges from

Construction Activities

In compliance with the provisions of the Clean Water Act, 33U.S.C.§1251 et. seq., (hereafter CWA), as amended by the Water Quality Act of 1987, P.L. 100-4, "operators" of construction activities (defined in Appendix A) that meet the requirements of Part l .1 of this National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) general permit, are authorized to discharge pollutants in accordance with the effluent limitations and conditions set forth herein. Permit coverage is required from the "commencement of construction activities" (see Appendix A) until one of the conditions for terminating CGP coverage has been met (see Part 8.2).

This permit becomes effective on February 16, 2017.

This permit and the authorization to discharge expire at 11 :59pm, February 16, 2022.

Signed and issued this 11th day of January 2017

Deborah Szaro, Acting Regional Administrator, EPA Region 1

Signed and issued this 11th day of January 2017

Javier Laureano, Ph.D., Director, Clean Water Division, EPA Region 2

Signed and issued this 11th day of January 201 7

Jose C. Font, Acting Director, Caribbean Environmental Protection Division, EPA Region 2.

Signed and issued this 11th day of January 201 7

Dominique Lueckenhoff, Acting Director, Water Protection Division, EPA Region 3

Signed and issued this 11th day of January 2017

Cesar A. Zapata, Deputy Director, Water Protection Division, EPA Region 4

Signed and issued this 11th day of January 201 7

Christopher Korleski, Director, Water Division, EPA Region 5

Signed and issued this 11th day of January 2017

William K. Honker, P.E., Director, Water Division, EPA Region 6

Signed and issued this 11th day of January 201 7

Karen Flournoy, Director, Water, Wetlands, and Pesticides Division, EPA Region 7

Signed and issued this 11th day of January 2017

Darcy O'Connor, Assistant Regional Administrator, Office of Water Protection, EPA Region 8

Signed and issued this 11th day of January 201 7

Kristin Gullatt Deputy Director, Water Division, EPA Region 9

Signed and issued this 11th day of January 2017

Daniel D. Opalski, Director, Office of Water and Watersheds, EPA Region 10

201 7 Construction General Permit

CONTENTS

1 How to Obtain Coverage Under the Construction General Permit (CGP)

1 .1 Eligibility Conditions l .2 Types of Discharges Authorized

1.3 Prohibited Discharges

1.4 Submitting your Notice of Intent (NOi)

1.5 Requirement to Post a Notice of Your Permit Coverage

.2 Technology-Based Effluent limitations

2.1 General Stormwater Control Design, Installation, and Maintenance Requirements

2.2 Erosion and Sediment Control Requirements

2.3 Pollution Prevention Requirements

2.4 Construction Dewatering Requirements

3 Water Quc::dity-Based Effluent limitations

3. l General Effluent Limitation to Meet Applicable Water Quality Standards

3.2 Discharge Limitations for Sites Discharging to Sensitive Waters

4 Site Inspection Requirements

4.1 Person(s) Responsible for Inspecting Site

4.2 Frequency of Inspections

4.3 Increase in Inspection Frequency for Sites Discharging to Sensitive Waters

4.4 Reductions in Inspection Frequency

4.5 Areas that MUST Be Inspected

4.6 Requirements for Inspections

4.7 Inspection Report

4.8 Inspections By EPA

5 Corrective Actions

5.1 Conditions Triggering Corrective Action

5.2 Corrective Action Deadlines

5.3 Corrective Action Required by EPA

5.4 Corrective Action Report

6 Staff Training Requirements

7 Stormwater Pollution Prevention Pkm (SWPPP)

7.1 General Requirements

7.2 SW PPP Contents

7.3 On-Site Availability of Your SWPPP

7.4 SW PPP Modifications

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2017 Construction General Permit

8 How to Terminate Coverage

8.1 Minimum Information Required in NOT

8.2 Conditions for Terminating CGP Coverage

8.3 How to Submit Your NOT

8.4 Deadline for Submitting the NOT

8.5 Effective Date of Termination of Coverage

9 Permit Conditions Applicable to Specific States, Indian Country Lands, or Territories

Appendix A: Definitions and Acronyms ............................................................................................... A-1

Appendix B: Permit Areas Eligible for Coverage and EPA Regional Addresses ............................. B-1

Appendix C: Small Construction Waivers and lnstrudions ................................................................ C-1

Appendix D: Eligibility Procedures Relating to Threatened & Endangered Species Protection .... D-1

Appendix E: Historic Property Screening Process ................................................................................ E-1

Appendix F: list of Tier 3, Tier 2, and Tier 2.5 Waters ............................................................................ F-1

Appendix G: Buffer Requirements ....................................................................................................... G-1

Appendix H: 2-Year, 24-Hour Storm Frequencies ............................................................................... H-1

Appendix I: Standard Permit Conditions ............................................................................................... 1-1

Appendix J: Notice of Intent (NOi) Form and Instructions .................................................................. J-1

Appendix K: Notice of Termination (NOT) Form and Instructions ..................................................... K-1

Appendix L: Suggested Format for Request for Chemical Treatment ............................................... l-1

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HOW TO OBTAIN COVERAGE UNDER THE CONSTRUCTION GENERAL PERMIT (CGP)

To be covered under this permit, you must meet the eligibility conditions and follow the requirements for obtaining permit coverage in this Part.

1.1 EUGIBIUTY CONDITIONS

1.1.1 You are an "operator" of a construction site for which discharges will be covered under this permit. For the purposes of this permit and in the context of stormwater discharges associated with construction activity, an "operator" is any party associated with a construction project that meets either of the following two criteria:

a. The party has operational control over construction plans and specifications, including the ability to make modifications to those plans and specifications {e.g., in most cases this is the owner of the site); or

b. The party has day-to-day operational control of those activities at a project that are necessary to ensure compliance with the permit conditions {e.g., they are authorized to direct workers at a site to carry out activities required by the permit; in most cases this is the general contractor (as defined in Appendix A) of the project).

Where there are multiple operators associated with the same project, all operators must obtain permit coverage. 1 Subcontractors generally are not considered operators for the purposes of this permit.

1.1.2 Your site's construction activities:

a. Will disturb one or more acres of land, or will disturb less than one acre of land but are part of a common plan of development or sale that will ultimately disturb one or more acres of land; or

b. Have been designated by EPA as needing permit coverage under 40 CFR l 22.26(a)(l )(v) or 40 CFR l 22.26(b)(l 5)(ii);

1.1.3 Your site is located in an area where EPA is the permitting authority (see Appendix B);

1.1.4 Discharges from your site are not:

a. Already covered by a different NPDES permit for the same discharge; or

b. In the process of having coverage under a different NPDES permit for the same discharge denied, terminated, or revoked.2.3

1.1.5 You are able to demonstrate that you meet one of the criteria listed in Appendix D with respect to the protection of species that are federally listed as endangered or threatened under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) and federally designated critical habitat;

1 If the operator of a "construction support activity" (see Part 1.2.1 c) is different than the operator of the main site, that operator must also obtain permit coverage. See Part 7.1 for clarification on the sharing of liability between and among operators on the same site and for conditions that apply to developing a SWPPP for multiple operators associated with the same site.

2 Parts 1 .1 .4a and 1 .1 .4b do not include sites currently covered under the 2012 CGP that are in the process of obtaining coverage under this permit, nor sites covered under this permit that are transferring coverage to a different operator.

3 Notwithstanding a site being made ineligible for coverage under this permit because it falls under the description of Parts 1.1.4a or l. l .4b, above, EPA may waive the applicable eligibility requirement after specific review if it determines that coverage under this permit is appropriate.

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2017 Construction General Permit (CGP)

1.1.6 You have completed the screening process in Appendix E relating to the protection of historic properties; and

1.1.7 You have complied with all requirements in Part 9 imposed by the applicable state, Indian tribe, or territory in which your construction activities and/or discharge will occur.

1.1.8 For "new sources" (as defined in Appendix A) only:

a. EPA has not, prior to authorization under this permit, determined that discharges from your site will cause, have the reasonable potential to cause, or contribute to an excursion above any applicable water quality standard. Where such a determination is made prior to authorization, EPA may notify you that an individual permit application is necessary. However, EPA may authorize your coverage under this permit after you have included appropriate controls and implementation procedures designed to bring your discharge into compliance with this permit, specifically the requirement to meet water quality standards. In the absence of information demonstrating otherwise, EPA expects that compliance with the requirements of this permit, including the requirements applicable to such discharges in Part 3, will result in discharges that will not cause, have the reasonable potential to cause, or contribute to an excursion above any applicable water quality standard.

b. Discharges from your site to a Tier 2, Tier 2.5, or Tier 3 water4 will not lower the water quality of the applicable water. In the absence of information demonstrating otherwise, EPA expects that compliance with the requirements of this permit, including the requirements applicable to such discharges in Part 3.2, will result in discharges that will not lower the water quality of such waters.

1.1.9 If you plan to add "cationic treatment chemicals" (as defined in Appendix A) to stormwater and/or authorized non-stormwater prior to discharge, you may not submit your Notice of Intent (NOi) unless and until you notify your applicable EPA Regional Office (see Appendix L) in advance and the EPA Regional Office authorizes coverage under this permit after you have included appropriate controls and implementation procedures designed to ensure that your use of cationic treatment chemicals will not lead to discharges that cause an exceedance of water quality standards.

1.2 TYPES Of DISCHARGES AUTHORIZED 5

1.2.1 The following stormwater discharges are authorized under this permit provided that appropriate stormwater controls are designed, installed, and maintained (see Parts 2 and 3):

a. Stormwater discharges, including stormwater runoff, snowmelt runoff, and surface runoff and drainage, associated with construction activity under 40 CFR 122.26(b)(14) or 122.26(b)(15)(i);

4 Note: Your site will be considered to discharge to a Tier 2. Tier 2.5, or Tier 3 water if the first water to which you discharge is identified by a state, tribe, or EPA as a Tier 2, Tier 2.5, or Tier 3 water. For discharges that enter a storm sewer system prior to discharge, the first water of the U.S. to which you discharge is the waterbody that receives the stormwater discharge from the storm sewer system. See list of Tier 2. Tier 2.5, and Tier 3 waters in Appendix F.

5 See "Discharge" as defined in Appendix A. Note: Any discharges not expressly authorized in this permit cannot become authorized or shielded from liability under CWA section 402(k) by disclosure to EPA, state, or local authorities after issuance of this permit via any means, including the Notice of Intent (NOi) to be covered by the permit, the SW PPP. or during an inspection.

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b. Stormwater discharges designated by EPA as needing a permit under 40 CFR l22.26(a)(l)(v) or 122.26(b)(l5)(ii);

c. Stormwater discharges from construction support activities (e.g., concrete or asphalt batch plants, equipment staging yards, material storage areas, excavated material disposal areas, borrow areas) provided that:

i. The support activity is directly related to the construction site required to have permit coverage for stormwater discharges;

ii. The support activity is not a commercial operation, nor does it serve multiple unrelated construction sites;

iii. The support activity does not continue to operate beyond the completion of the construction activity at the site it supports; and

iv. Stormwater controls are implemented in accordance with Part 2 and Part 3 for discharges from the support activity areas.

d. Stormwater discharges from earth-disturbing activities associated with the construction of staging areas and the construction of access roads conducted prior to active mining.

1.2.2 The following non-stormwater discharges associated with your construction activity are authorized under this permit provided that, with the exception of water used to control dust and to irrigate vegetation in stabilized areas, these discharges are not routed to areas of exposed soil on your site and you comply with any applicable requirements for these discharges in Parts 2 and 3:

a. Discharges from emergency fire-fighting activities;

b. Fire hydrant flushings;

c. Landscape irrigation;

d. Water used to wash vehicles and equipment, provided that there is no discharge of soaps, solvents, or detergents used for such purposes;

e. Water used to control dust;

f. Potable water including uncontaminated water line flushings;

g. External building washdown, provided soaps, solvents, and detergents are not used, and external surfaces do not contain hazardous substances (as defined in Appendix A) (e.g., paint or caulk containing polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs));

h. Pavement wash waters, provided spills or leaks of toxic or hazardous substances have not occurred (unless all spill material has been removed) and where soaps, solvents, and detergents are not used. You are prohibited from directing pavement wash waters directly into any water of the U.S., storm drain inlet, or stormwater conveyance, unless the conveyance is connected to a sediment basin, sediment trap, or similarly effective control;

i. Uncontaminated air conditioning or compressor condensate;

j. Uncontaminated, non-turbid discharges of ground water or spring water;

k. Foundation or footing drains where flows are not contaminated with process materials such as solvents or contaminated ground water; and

I. Construction dewatering water discharged in accordance with Part 2.4.

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1.2.3 Also authorized under this permit are discharges of stormwater listed above in Part 1 .2.1, or authorized non-stormwater discharges listed above in Part 1.2.2, commingled with a discharge authorized by a different NPDES permit and/or a discharge that does not require NPDES permit authorization.

1.3 PROHIBITED DISCHARGES6

1.3.1 Wastewater from washout of concrete, unless managed by an appropriate control as described in Part 2.3.4;

1.3.2 Wastewater from washout and cleanout of stucco, paint, form release oils, curing compounds, and other construction materials;

1.3.3 Fuels, oils, or other pollutants used in vehicle and equipment operation and maintenance;

1.3.4 Soaps, solvents, or detergents used in vehicle and equipment washing or external building washdown; and

1.3.5 Toxic or hazardous substances from a spill or other release.

To prevent the above-listed prohibited non-stormwater discharges, operators must comply with the applicable pollution prevention requirements in Part 2.3.

1.4 SUBMITTING YOUR NOTICE OF INTENT (NOi)

All "operators" (as defined in Appendix A) associated with your construction site, who meet the Part 1.1 eligibility requirements, and who seek coverage under this permit, must submit to EPA a complete and accurate NOi in accordance with the deadlines in Table 1 prior to commencing construction activities.

Exception: If you are conducting construction activities in response to a public emergency (e.g., mud slides, earthquake, extreme flooding conditions, widespread disruption in essential public services), and the related work requires immediate authorization to avoid imminent endangerment to human health, public safety, or the environment, or to reestablish essential public services, you may discharge on the condition that a complete and accurate NOi is submitted within 30 calendar days after commencing construction activities (see Table l) establishing that you are eligible for coverage under this permit. You must also provide documentation in your Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) to substantiate the occurrence of the public emergency.

1.4.1 Prerequisite for Submitting Your NOi

You must develop a SW PPP consistent with Part 7 before submitting your NOi for coverage under this permit.

1.4.2 How to Submit Your NOi

You must use EPA's NPDES eReporting Tool (NeT) to electronically prepare and submit your NOi for coverage under the 2017 CGP, unless you received a waiver from your EPA Regional Office.

To access NeT, go to https://www.epa.gov/npdes/stormwater-discharges construction-activities#ereporting.

6 EPA includes these prohibited non-stormwater discharges here as a reminder to the operator that the only non-stormwater discharges authorized by this permit are at Part 1 .2.2. Any unauthorized non-stormwater discharges must be covered under an individual permit or alternative general permit.

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20 l 7 Construction General Permit

Waivers from electronic reporting may be granted based on one of the following conditions:

a. If your operational headquarters is physically located in a geographic area (i.e., ZIP code or census tract) that is identified as under-served for broadband Internet access in the most recent report from the Federal Communications Commission; or

b. If you have limitations regarding available computer access or computer capability.

If the EPA Regional Office grants you approval to use a paper NOL and you elect to use it, you must complete the form in Appendix J.

1.4.3 Deadlines for Submitting Your NOi and Your Official Date of Permit Coverage

Table l provides the deadlines for submitting your NOi and the official start date of your permit coverage, which differ depending on when you commence construction activities.

Table 1 NO/ Submittal Deadlines and Official Start Date for Permit Coverage.

Type of Operator NOi Submittal Deadline 7 Permit Authorization Date8

Operator of a new site (i.e., a site where At least 1 4 calendar days 14 calendar days after EPA construction activities commence on or before commencing notifies you that it has after February 16, 2017) construction activities. received a complete NOi, Operator of an existing site (i.e., a site No later than May 17, 2017.

unless EPA notifies you that your authorization is delayed with 2012 CGP coverage where or denied.

construction activities commenced prior to February 16, 2017)

New operator of a permitted site (i.e., an At least 1 4 calendar days operator that through transfer of before the date the transfer to ownership and/or operation replaces the new operator will take the operator of an already permitted place.

construction site that is either a "new site" or an "existing site")

Operator of an "emergency-related No later than 30 calendar days You are considered project" (i.e., a project initiated in after commencing provisionally covered under response to a public emergency (e.g., construction activities. the terms and conditions of mud slides, earthquake, extreme this permit immediately, and flooding conditions, disruption in fully covered 14 calendar essential public services), for which the days after EPA notifies you related work requires immediate that it has received a authorization to avoid imminent complete NOi, unless EPA endangerment to human health or the notifies you that your environment, or to reestablish essential authorization is delayed or public services) denied.

7 If you miss the deadline to submit your NOi, any and all discharges from your construction activities will continue to be unauthorized under the CWA until they are covered by this or a different NPDES permit. EPA may take enforcement action for any unpermitted discharges that occur between the commencement of construction activities and discharge authorization.

s Discharges are not authorized if your NOi is incomplete or inaccurate or if you are not eligible for permit coverage.

1.4.4 Modifying your NOi

If after submitting your NOi you need to correct or update any fields, you may do so by submitting a "Change NOi" form using NeT. Waivers from electronic reporting may be granted as specified in Part 1.4. l. If the EPA Regional Office has granted you approval to submit a paper NOi modification, you may indicate any NOi changes on the same NOi form in Appendix J.

When there is a change to the site's operator, the new operator must submit a new NOi, and the previous operator must submit a Notice of Termination (NOT) form as specified in Part 8.3.

1.4.5 Your Official End Date of Permit Coverage

Once covered under this permit, your coverage will last until the date that:

a. You terminate permit coverage consistent with Part 8; or

b. You receive permit coverage under a different NPDES permit or a reissued or replacement version of this permit after expiring on February 16, 2022; or

c. You fail to submit an NOi for coverage under a revised or replacement version of this permit before the deadline for existing construction sites where construction activities continue after this permit has expired.

1.5 REQUIREMENT TO POST A NOTICE Of YOUR PERMIT COVERAGE

You must post a sign or other notice of your permit coverage at a safe, publicly accessible location in close proximity to the construction site. The notice must be located so that it is visible from the public road that is nearest to the active part of the construction site, and it must use a font large enough to be readily viewed from a public right-of-way. 9 At a minimum, the notice must include:

a. The NP DES ID (i.e., permit tracking number assigned to your NO/);

b. A contact name and phone number for obtaining additional construction site information;

c. The Uniform Resource Locator (URL) for the SWPPP (if available), or the following statement: "If you would like to obtain a copy of the Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) for this site, contact the EPA Regional Office at [include the appropriate CGP Regional Office contact information found at https:l/www.epa.gov/npdes/contact-us-stormwater#reqional];" and

d. The following statement "If you observe indicators of stormwater pollutants in the discharge or in the receiving waterbody, contact the EPA through the following website: https://www.epa.gov I enforcement /report-environ mental-violations."

9 If the active part of the construction site is not visible from a public road, then place the notice of permit coverage in a position that is visible from the nearest public road and as close as possible to the construction site.

2 TECHNOLOGY-BASED EFFLUENT LIMITATIONS

You must comply with the following technology-based effluent limitations in this Part for all authorized discharges.10

2.1 GENERAL STORMWATER CONTROL DESIGN, INSTALLATION, AND MAINTENANCE

REQUIREMENTS

You must design, install, and maintain stormwater controls required in Parts 2.2 and 2.3 to minimize the discharge of pollutants in stormwater from construction activities. To meet this requirement, you must:

2.1.1 Account for the following factors in designing your stormwater controls:

a. The expected amount, frequency, intensity, and duration of precipitation;

b. The nature of stormwater runoff and run-on at the site, including factors such as expected flow from impervious surfaces, slopes, and site drainage features. You must design stormwater controls to control stormwater volume, velocity, and peak flow rates to minimize discharges of pollutants in stormwater and to minimize channel and streambank erosion and scour in the immediate vicinity of discharge points; and

c. The soil type and range of soil particle sizes expected to be present on the site.

2.1.2 Design and install all stormwater controls in accordance with good engineering practices, including applicable design specifications. 11

2.1.3 Complete installation of stormwater controls by the time each phase of construction activities has begun.

a. By the time construction activity in any given portion of the site begins, install and make operational any downgradient sediment controls (e.g., buffers, perimeter controls, exit point controls, storm drain inlet protection) that control discharges from the initial site clearing, grading, excavating, and other earth-disturbing activities. 12

b. Following the installation of these initial controls, install and make operational all stormwater controls needed to control discharges prior to subsequent earth disturbing activities.

10 For each of the effluent limits in Part 2, as applicable to your site, you must include in your SWPPP (1) a description of the specific control(s) to be implemented to meet the effluent limit; (2) any applicable design specifications; (3) routine maintenance specifications; and (4) the projected schedule for its (their) installation/implementation. See Part 7.2.6.

11 Design specifications may be found in manufacturer specifications and/or in applicable erosion and sediment control manuals or ordinances. Any departures from such specifications must reflect good engineering practices and must be explained in your SWPPP. You must also comply with any additional design and installation requirements specified for the effluent limits in Parts 2.2 and 2.3.

12 Note that the requirement to install stormwater controls prior to each phase of construction activities for the site does not apply to the earth disturbance associated with the actual installation of these controls.

Operators should take all reasonable actions to minimize the discharges of pollutants during the installation of stormwater controls.

implement other practices as necessary to minimize pollutant discharges to perimeter areas of the site.

2.2.4 Minimize sediment track-out.

a. Restrict vehicle use to properly designated exit points;

b. Use appropriate stabilization techniques is at all points that exit onto paved roads.

i. Exception: Stabilization is not required for exit points at linear utility construction sites that are used only episodically and for very short durations over the life of the project, provided other exit point contro1s16 are implemented to minimize sediment track-out:

c. Implement additional track-out controls 17 as necessary to ensure that sediment removal occurs prior to vehicle exit; and

d. Where sediment has been tracked-out from your site onto paved roads, sidewalks, or other paved areas outside of your site, remove the deposited sediment by the end of the same business day in which the track-out occurs or by the end of the next business day if track-out occurs on a non-business day. Remove the track-out by sweeping, shoveling, or vacuuming these surfaces, or by using other similarly effective means of sediment removal. You are prohibited from hosing or sweeping tracked-out sediment into any stormwater conveyance, storm drain inlet, or water of the u.s.1a

2.2.5 Manage stockpiles or land clearing debris piles composed, in whole or in part, of sediment and/or soil:

a. Locate the piles outside of any natural buffers established under Part 2.2.1 and away from any stormwater conveyances, drain inlets, and areas where stormwater flow is concentrated;

b. Install a sediment barrier along all downgradient perimeter areas; 19

c. For piles that will be unused for 14 or more days, provide cover20 or appropriate temporary stabilization (consistent with Part 2.2.14);

d. You are prohibited from hosing down or sweeping soil or sediment accumulated on pavement or other impervious surfaces into any stormwater conveyance, storm drain inlet, or water of the U.S.

15 Examples of appropriate stabilization techniques include the use of aggregate stone with an underlying geotextile or non-woven filter fabric, and turf mats.

16 Examples of other exit point controls include preventing the use of exit points during wet periods;

minimizing exit point use by keeping vehicles on site to the extent possible; limiting exit point size to the width needed for vehicle and equipment usage; using scarifying and compaction techniques on the soil;

and avoiding establishing exit points in environmentally sensitive areas (e.g., karst areas; steep slopes).

17 Examples of additional track-out controls include the use of wheel washing, rumble strips, and rattle plates.

is Fine grains that remain visible (i.e., staining) on the surfaces of off-site streets, other paved areas, and sidewalks after you have implemented sediment removal practices are not a violation of Part 2.2.4.

19 Examples of sediment barriers include berms, dikes, fiber rolls, silt fences, sandbags, gravel bags, or straw bale.

20 Examples of cover include tarps, blown straw and hydroseeding.

2.2.6 Minimize dust. On areas of exposed soil, minimize the generation of dust through the appropriate application of water or other dust suppression techniques.

2.2.7 Minimize steep slope disturbances. Minimize the disturbance of "steep slopes" (as defined in Appendix A).

2.2.8 Preserve native topsoil, unless infeasible.21

2.2. 9 Minimize soil compadion.22 In areas of your site where final vegetative stabilization will occur or where infiltration practices will be installed:

a. Restrict vehicle and equipment use in these locations to avoid soil compaction; and

b. Before seeding or planting areas of exposed soil that have been compacted, use techniques that rehabilitate and condition the soils as necessary to support vegetative growth.

2.2.10 Protect storm drain inlets.

a. Install inlet protection measures that remove sediment from discharges prior to entry into any storm drain inlet that carries stormwater flow from your site to a water of the U.S., provided you have authority to access the storm drain inlet;23 and

b. Clean, or remove and replace, the protection measures as sediment accumulates, the filter becomes clogged, and/or performance is compromised. Where there is evidence of sediment accumulation adjacent to the inlet protection measure, remove the deposited sediment by the end of the same business day in which it is found or by the end of the following business day if removal by the same business day is not feasible.

2.2.11 Minimize erosion of stormwater conveyance channels and their embankments, outlets, adjacent streambcmks, slopes, and downstream waters. Use erosion controls and velocity dissipation devices24 within and along the length of any stormwater conveyance channel and at any outlet to slow down runoff to minimize erosion.

2.2.12 If you install a sediment basin or similar impoundment:

a. Situate the basin or impoundment outside of any water of the U.S. and any natural buffers established under Part 2.2.1;

b. Design the basin or impoundment to avoid collecting water from wetlands;

c. Design the basin or impoundment to provide storage for either:

21 Stockpiling topsoil at off-site locations, or transferring topsoil to other locations, is an example of a practice that is consistent with the requirements in Part 2.2.8. Preserving native topsoil is not required where the intended function of a specific area of the site dictates that the topsoil be disturbed or removed. For example, some sites may be designed to be highly impervious after construction, and therefore little or no vegetation is intended to remain, or may not have space to stockpile native topsoil on site for later use, in which case, it may not be feasible to preserve topsoil.

22 Minimizing soil compaction is not required where the intended function of a specific area of the site dictates that it be compacted.

23 Inlet protection measures can be removed in the event of flood conditions or to prevent erosion.

24 Examples of velocity dissipation devices include check dams, sediment traps, riprap, and grouted riprap at outlets.

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ii. The calculated volume of runoff from a 2-year, 24-hour storm (see Appendix H); or

iii. 3,600 cubic feet per acre drained.

d. Utilize outlet structures that withdraw water from the surface of the sediment basin or similar impoundment, unless infeasible;2s

e. Use erosion controls and velocity dissipation devices to prevent erosion at inlets and outlets; and

f. Remove accumulated sediment to maintain at least one-half of the design capacity and conduct all other appropriate maintenance to ensure the basin or impoundment remains in effective operating condition.

2.2.13 If using treatment chemicals (e.g., polymers, flocculants, coagulants):

a. Use conventional erosion and sediment controls before and after the application of treatment chemicals. Chemicals may only be applied where treated stormwater is directed to a sediment control {e.g., sediment basin, perimeter control) before discharge.

b. Select appropriate treatment chemicals. Chemicals must be appropriately suited to the types of soils likely to be exposed during construction and present in the discharges being treated {i.e., the expected turbidity, pH, and flow rate of storm water flowing into the chemical treatment system or area).

c. Minimize discharge risk from stored chemicals. Store all treatment chemicals in leak proof containers that are kept under storm-resistant cover and surrounded by secondary containment structures {e.g., spill berms, decks, spill containment pallets), or provide equivalent measures designed and maintained to minimize the potential discharge of treatment chemicals in stormwater or by any other means {e.g., storing chemicals in a covered area, having a spill kit available on site and ensuring personnel are available to respond expeditiously in the event of a leak or spill).

d. Comply with state/local requirements. Comply with applicable state and local requirements regarding the use of treatment chemicals.

e. Use chemicals in accordance with good engineering practices and specifications of the chemical provider/supplier. Use treatment chemicals and chemical treatment systems in accordance with good engineering practices, and with dosing specifications and sediment removal design specifications provided by the provider/supplier of the applicable chemicals, or document in your SWPPP specific departures from these specifications and how they reflect good engineering practice.

t. Ensure proper training. Ensure that all persons who handle and use treatment chemicals at the construction site are provided with appropriate, product-specific training. Among other things, the training must cover proper dosing requirements.

g. Perform additional measures specified by the EPA Regional Office for the authorized use of cationic chemicals. If you have been authorized to use cationic chemicals at your site pursuant to Part 1.1.9, you must perform all additional measures as

25 The circumstances in which it is infeasible to design outlet structures in this manner are rare. Exceptions may include areas with extended cold weather, where using surface outlets may not be feasible during certain time periods (although they must be used during other periods). If you determine that it is infeasible to meet this requirement, you must provide documentation in your SWPPP to support your determination, including the specific conditions or time periods when this exception will apply.

conditioned by your authorization to ensure that the use of such chemicals will not cause an exceedance of water quality standards.

2.2.14 Stabilize exposed portions of the site. Implement and maintain stabilization measures (e.g., seeding protected by erosion controls until vegetation is established, sodding, mulching, erosion control blankets, hydromulch, gravel) that minimize erosion from exposed portions of the site in accordance with Parts 2.2.14a and 2.2.14b.

a. Stabilization Deadlines:26

Total Amount of Land Disturbance Deadline Occurring At Any One Time27

i. Five acres or less (:S5.0) .. Initiate the installation of stabilization measures immediately28 in

Note: this includes sites disturbing any areas of exposed soil where construction activities have more them five acres (>5.0) total permanently ceased or will be temporarily inactive for 14 or over the course of a project, but more calendar days; 29 and that limit disturbance at any one .. Complete the installation of stabilization measures as soon as time (i.e., phase the disturbance) practicable, but no later than 14 calendar days after to five acres or less (:S5.0) stabilization has been initiated.30

26 EPA may determine, based on an inspection carried out under Part 4.8 and corrective actions required under Part 5.3, that the level of sediment discharge on the site makes it necessary to require a faster schedule for completing stabilization. For instance, if sediment discharges from an area of exposed soil that is required to be stabilized are compromising the performance of existing stormwater controls, EPA may require stabilization to correct this problem.

27 Limiting disturbances to five (5) acres or less at any one time means that at no time during the project do the cumulative earth disturbances exceed five (5) acres. The following examples would qualify as limiting disturbances at any one time to five (5) acres or less:

1. The total area of disturbance for a project is five (5) acres or less.

2. The total area of disturbance for a project will exceed five (5) acres, but the operator ensures that no more than five (5) acres will be disturbed at any one time through implementation of stabilization measures. In this way, site stabilization can be used to "free up" land that can be disturbed without exceeding the five (5)-acre cap to qualify for the 14-day stabilization deadline. For instance, if an operator completes stabilization of two (2) acres of land on a five (5)-acre disturbance, then two (2) additional acres could be disturbed while still qualifying for the longer 14-day stabilization deadline.

28 The following are examples of activities that would constitute the immediate initiation of stabilization:

1. Prepping the soil for vegetative or non-vegetative stabilization as long as seeding, planting, and/or installation of non-vegetative stabilization products takes place as soon as practicable, but no later than one (1) calendar day of completing soil preparation;

2. Applying mulch or other non-vegetative product to the exposed area;

3. Seeding or planting the exposed area;

4. Starting any of the activities in # 1 - 3 on a portion of the entire area that will be stabilized; and

5. Finalizing arrangements to have stabilization product fully installed in compliance with the deadlines for completing stabilization.

29 The requirement to initiate stabilization immediately is triggered as soon as you know that construction work on a portion of the site is temporarily ceased and will not resume for 14 or more days, or as soon as you know that construction work is permanently ceased. In the context of this provision, "immediately" means as soon as practicable, but no later than the end of the next business day, following the day when the construction activities have temporarily or permanently ceased.

3o If vegetative stabilization measures are being implemented, stabilization is considered "installed" when all activities necessary to seed or plant the area are completed. If non-vegetative stabilization measures are being implemented, stabilization is considered "installed" when all such measures are implemented or applied.

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Total Amount of land Disturbance Deadline Occurring At Any One Time27

ii. More than five acres (>5.0) " Initiate the installation of stabilization measures immediately31 in any areas of exposed soil where construction activities have permanently ceased or will be temporarily inactive for 14 or more calendar days;32 and

• Complete the installation of stabilization measures as soon as practicable, but no later than seven (7) calendar days after stabilization has been initiated.33

iii. Exceptions:

(a) Arid, semi-arid, and drought-stricken areas (as defined in Appendix A). If it is the seasonally dry period or a period in which drought is occurring, and vegetative stabilization measures are being used:

(i) Immediately initiate and, within 14 calendar days of a temporary or permanent cessation of work in any portion of your site, complete the installation of temporary non-vegetative stabilization measures to the extent necessary to prevent erosion;

(ii) As soon as practicable, given conditions or circumstances on the site, complete all activities necessary to seed or plant the area to be stabilized; and

(iii) If construction is occurring during the seasonally dry period, indicate in your SWPPP the beginning and ending dates of the seasonally dry period and your site conditions. Also include the schedule you will follow for initiating and completing vegetative stabilization.

(b) Operators that are affected by unforeseen drcumstances34 that delay the initiation and/or completion of vegetative stabilization:

(i) Immediately initiate and, within 14 calendar days, complete the installation of temporary non-vegetative stabilization measures to prevent erosion;

(ii) Complete all soil conditioning, seeding, watering or irrigation installation, mulching, and other required activities related to the planting and initial establishment of vegetation as soon as conditions or circumstances allow it on your site; and

(iii) Document in the SWPPP the circumstances that prevent you from meeting the deadlines in Part 2.2. l 4a and the schedule you will follow for initiating and completing stabilization.

(c) Discharges to a sediment- or nutrient-impaired water or to a water that is identified by your state, tribe, or EPA as Tier 2, Tier 2.5, or Tier 3 for antidegradation purposes. Complete stabilization as soon as practicable, but no later than seven (7) calendar days after stabilization has been initiated.

31 See footnote 27

32 See footnote 28

33 See footnote 29

34 Examples include problems with the supply of seed stock or with the availability of specialized equipment and unsuitability of soil conditions due to excessive precipitation and/or flooding.

b. final Stabilization Criteria (for any areas not covered by permanent structures):

i. Establish uniform, perennial vegetation {i.e., evenly distributed, without large bare areas] that provides 70 percent or more of the cover that is provided by vegetation native to local undisturbed areas; and/or

ii. Implement permanent non-vegetative stabilization measures3s to provide effective cover.

iii. Exceptions:

(a) Arid, semi-arid, and drought-stricken areas (as defined in Appendix A).

Final stabilization is met if the area has been seeded or planted to establish vegetation that provides 70 percent or more of the cover that is provided by vegetation native to local undisturbed areas within three (3) years and, to the extent necessary to prevent erosion on the seeded or planted area, non-vegetative erosion controls have been applied that provide cover for at least three years without active maintenance.

(b) Disturbed areas on agricultural land that are restored to their preconstruction agricultural use. The Part 2.2.14b final stabilization criteria does not apply.

(c) Areas that need to remain disturbed. In limited circumstances, stabilization may not be required if the intended function of a specific area of the site necessitates that it remain disturbed, and only the minimum area needed remains disturbed {e.g., dirt access roads, utility pole pods, areas being used for storage of vehicles, equipment, materials].

2.3 POLLUTION PREVENTION REQUIREMENTS36

You must implement pollution prevention controls in accordance with the following requirements to minimize the discharge of pollutants in stormwater and to prevent the discharge of pollutants from spilled or leaked materials from construction activities.

2.3.1 For equipment and vehicle fueling and maintenance:

a. Provide an effective means of eliminating the discharge of spilled or leaked chemicals, including fuels and oils, from these activities;37

35 Examples of permanent non-vegetative stabilization measures include riprap, gravel, gabions, and geotextiles.

36 Under this permit, you are not required to minimize exposure for any products or materials where the exposure to precipitation and to stormwater will not result in a discharge of pollutants, or where exposure of a specific material or product poses little risk of stormwater contamination (such as final products and materials intended for outdoor use).

37 Examples of effective means include:

• Locating activities away from waters of the U.S. and stormwater inlets or conveyances so that stormwater coming into contact with these activities cannot reach waters of the U.S.;

• Providing secondary containment (e.g., spill berms, decks, spill containment pallets) and cover where appropriate; and

" Having a spill kit available on site and ensuring personnel are available to respond expeditiously in the event of a leak or spill.

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b. If applicable, comply with the Spill Prevention Control and Countermeasures (SPCC) requirements in 40 C FR part l 12 and Section 311 of the CW A;

c. Ensure adequate supplies are available at all times to handle spills, leaks, and disposal of used liquids;

d. Use drip pans and absorbents under or around leaky vehicles;

e. Dispose of or recycle oil and oily wastes in accordance with other federal, state, tribal, or local requirements; and

f. Clean up spills or contaminated surfaces immediately, using dry clean up measures (do not clean contaminated surfaces by hosing the area down), and eliminate the source of the spill to prevent a discharge or a continuation of an ongoing discharge.

2.3.2 For equipment and vehicle washing:

a. Provide an effective means of minimizing the discharge of pollutants from equipment and vehicle washing, wheel wash water, and other types of wash waters; 38

b. Ensure there is no discharge of soaps, solvents, or detergents in equipment and vehicle wash water; and

c. For storage of soaps, detergents, or solvents, provide either (1) cover (e.g., plastic sheeting, temporary roofs) to minimize the exposure of these detergents to precipitation and to stormwater, or (2) a similarly effective means designed to minimize the discharge of pollutants from these areas.

2.3.3 for storage, handling, and disposal of building products, materials, and wastes:

a. For building materials and building products39, provide either (1) cover (e.g., plastic sheeting, temporary roofs) to minimize the exposure of these products to precipitation and to stormwater, or (2) a similarly effective means designed to minimize the discharge of pollutants from these areas.

b. For pesticides, herbicides, insecticides, fertilizers, and landscape materials:

i. In storage areas, provide either (1) cover (e.g., plastic sheeting, temporary roofs) to minimize the exposure of these chemicals to precipitation and to stormwater, or (2) a similarly effective means designed to minimize the discharge of pollutants from these areas; and

ii. Comply with all application and disposal requirements included on the registered pesticide, herbicide, insecticide, and fertilizer label (see also Part 2.3.5).

c. For diesel fuel, oil, hydraulic fluids, other petroleum products, and other chemicals:

i. Store chemicals in water-tight containers, and provide either (1) cover (e.g., plastic sheeting, temporary roofs) to minimize the exposure of these containers to precipitation and to stormwater, or (2) a similarly effective means designed to minimize the discharge of pollutants from these areas (e.g., having a spill kit available on site and ensuring personnel are available to respond expeditiously in

38 Examples of effective means include locating activities away from waters of the U.S. and stormwater inlets or conveyances and directing wash waters to a sediment basin or sediment trap, using filtration devices, such as filter bags or sand filters. or using other similarly effective controls.

39 Examples of building materials and building products typically present at construction sites include asphalt sealants, copper flashing, roofing materials, adhesives. concrete admixtures, and gravel and mulch stockpiles.

Pagel5 the event of a leak or spill), or provide secondary containment (e.g., spill berms, decks, spill containment pallets); and

ii. Clean up spills immediately, using dry clean-up methods where possible, and dispose of used materials…