13-Attachment E - 2 Nutrient Management Plan - Athletic Fields.pdf

13461 Sunrise Valley Drive, Suite 500, Herndon, Virginia 20171

703.464.1000 bowman.com

August 14, 2024

Mr. Ortiz

Urban Nutrient Management Specialist

Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation

600 East Main Street, 24th Floor

Richmond, Virginia 23219

RE: Nutrient Management Plan

George Mason University

Athletic Fields

Fairfax, Virginia

Dear Mr. Ortiz:

On behalf of George Mason University, Bowman has been hired to prepare a Nutrient Management Plan in accordance with the Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, Revised July 2014. This Nutrient

Management Plan encompasses approximately 37 acres containing turfgrass and can receive fertilizer applications within the site area. Please find the enclosed plan for review and approval.

Please contact me at (703) 464-1000 or email at bglatfelter@bowman.com If you have any questions or require additional information.

Sincerely, Bowman

Brad Glatfelter, PE

Certified Nutrient Management Planner (No. 802) mailto:bglatfelter@bowman.com

GEORGE MASON UNIVERSITY- ATHLETIC FIELDS

NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT PLAN

DIRECTOR OF FACILITIES

GEORGE MASON UNIVERSITY – ATHLETIC FIELDS

ZHONGYAN XU, PhD, PE, CFM

PROJECT MANAGEMENT AND CONSTRUCTION, FACILITIES

(703) 993-4051, ZXU8@GMU.EDU

NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT PLANNER INFORMATION

BRAD GLATFELTER

13461 SUNRISE VALLEY DRIVE, SUITE 500

HERNDON, VA 20171

(703) 464-1000

BGLATFELTER@BOWMAN.COM

VIRGINIA NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT PLANNER CERTFICATION # 802

LOCATION INFORMATION

4400 UNIVERSITY DRIVE

FAIRFAX, VA 22030

38.833564

-77.314706

LOWER BULL RUN SUBWATERSHED – PL46

FAIRFAX COUNTY, VIRGINIA

ACREAGE

TOTAL ACREAGE: 37

APPLICATION AREA #1: 16.5

APPLICATION AREA #2: 9.0

ATHLETIC FIELD APPLICATION AREA: 11.5

PLAN START DATE: 8/14/2024

PLAN END DATE: 8/14/2027

mailto:BGLATFELTER@BOWMAN.COM

George Mason University – Fairfax Athletic Fields Nutrient Management Plan

Contents Site Location and Description

Stormwater Drainage

Soils

Streams and Wetlands:

Fertilization Season

Soil Sampling Method, Areas of Management, and Recommended Amended Soil 3

Sampling Narrative

Soil Sample Results

Soil Group Applications

Penetrometer Test Procedure

Penetrometer Test Results

Penetrometer Note

Maintenance of Plan

Nutrient Application and Special Conditions

Conclusion

References

FIGURES

Figure 1 Quadrangle Map Figure 2 Soils Map Figure 3 Environmental Map Figure 4 Nutrient Management Plan Map Figure 5 Soil Sample Locations

APPENDICES

Appendix A Soil Test Note #1 Appendix B Soil Test Note #17 Appendix C Fertilizer Application Log Appendix D Soil Test Results Appendix E References

Statement of Compliance The George Mason University (GMU) agrees to comply with all requirements stated in the Nutrient Management Training and Certification regulations 4VAC50-85, and to follow recommendations for turf fertilization and management as described in the Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised July 2014. This includes implementing the Nutrient Management Plan provided and maintaining fertilization records. All nutrient applications performed by GMU Staff or associated contractors shall comply with the provisions of this Nutrient Management Plan as of August 14, 2024. This Nutrient Management Plan is effective for three (3) years or until changes in Nutrient Management practice have taken place or major changes in grounds conditions on site occur.

Site Location and Description The GMU Athletic Fields are bordered by Ox Road (Route 123) to the east, Braddock Road (Route 620) to the south, and University Drive to the north. The local stream, Popes Head Creek, receives majority of the site runoff and ultimately drains into Bull Run. The site is in the Lower Bull Run watershed (PL46) and continues onto the Middle Potomac-Anacostia-Occoquan. Two out of the nine fields are lined with synthetic turf.

The remaining fields hold bermudagrass with heights varying from 1 to 2 inches.

Stormwater Drainage: There is an underground stormwater conveyance system present in areas surrounding the athletic fields, functioning to carry stormwater runoff to treatment ponds. When applying nutrients, special care should be taken to avoid adding fertilizers near drop inlets, grates, and stormwater BMPs. Fertilizers should never be applied to stormwater management BMP nor, impervious surfaces.

Soils: The National Resource Conservation Service (NRCS) soil survey map depicts that all athletic fields are mapped as Wheaton Loam, Glenelg silt loam, or Codorus soil.

These soil series do not have a high rating for leaching, lateral drainage flow, or shallow depth to bedrock which can be found in Table 1-4, Nitrogen Loss Risk and Environmental Sensitivity ratings for Virginia soils.

Streams and Wetlands: The presence of streams and wetlands exist near many of the athletic fields. Fertilizer is not to be applied within stream or wetland area. Additional untampered vegetation growth within stream and wetland boundaries is good practice to mitigate nutrient loss. Approximate locations of streams and wetlands can be seen in Figure 2.

Fertilization Season The recommended season of application for nitrogen fertilizers for bermudagrass, which is categorized as a warm season grass begins April 10 and ends September 25 as shown in Table 2-1 Fertilization Season

Table 2-1 Fertilization Season

Killing Frost Dates

Warm Season Application Window

Athletic Fields

Spring April 10 April 10

Fall October 25 September 25

Soil Sampling Method, Areas of Management, and Recommended Amended Soil

Sampling Narrative: There were a total of 16 soil samples collected from preselected locations surrounding areas of the Athletic fields. Each sample taken followed the Soil Sampling method recommended by Virginia Tech Soil Laboratory. The samples were then sent to the lab to receive the most accurate fertilizer application required. Nutrient application will not take place on frozen or snow-covered ground. Any fertilizer that has been displaced onto impervious surfaces such as parking lots, or pedestrian walkways shall be swept or blown back into the pervious area. Additionally, fertilizer will not be used as ice melt. Never exceed 0.9 pounds of water-soluble nitrogen in any single application. Apply phosphorus only when a soil test determines it is needed. All ornamental landscaping will receive no nutrients.

Soil Testing Procedure for Virginia Tech Laboratory Important:

For test results to be meaningful, use extreme care when taking soil samples. Each sample represents many tons of soil in your lawn or garden. Test results cannot be any more accurate than the sample submitted to the laboratory. Do not take samples when the soil is extremely wet.

Sampling Instructions:

Divide your lawn or garden into sampling areas. Each area should be uniform in the kind of soil and in the past fertilizer and lime treatments it has received. An example would be separate samples (areas) for front and back lawns. For shrubs and trees, select an area from the trunk to the outer edges of the branches.

Take a separate sample from each area as shown in the diagram below.

Use the following procedure for each sampling area:

A – Take samples with a trowel, shovel, spade, or auger. Make a vertical cut 4" deep for lawns, or to plow-ing depth for gardens, and push the soil aside. Then cut a thin slice from the side of the opening that is of uniform thickness, approximately 2" in width, and extending from the top of the ground to the depth of the cut. Scrape away or discard any surface mat of grass or litter and place the slice of soil into a clean bucket or other container. Follow this sampling procedure in 10 or more different locations within each sampling area, each time placing the resulting soil in the same container, giving you a composite sample.

B – Thoroughly mix the soil from the composite sample and then fill the sample box to the top with the mixture. Fill in the information requested on the side of the sample box, including sample number, complete the other side of this sheet, and send sample, sheet, and payment directly to the Soil Testing Laboratory.

For additional sampling instructions go to www.soiltest.vt.edu.

http://www.soiltest.vt.edu/

Soil Sample Results:

Notes:

**These nutrient needs are the exact needs of the soil at each particular soil sampling area.

Agricultural limestone (ground, pulverized, or pelletized) should be broadcast in small applications of up to 50 lbs. per 1000 SF, at intervals of 1 to 6 months, until the full amount is applied.

Do not apply more than 0.7 pounds of water-soluble nitrogen (WSN) per 1,000 SF within a 30-day period.

For slow or released controlled release fertilizer sources, or enhanced efficiency fertilizer sources, no more than 0.9 pounds of nitrogen per 1,000 SF may me applied to cool season grasses within a 30-day period.

Soil Testing Summary - Athletic Fields Client: George Mason Campus Sites - Fairfax / Prince William

Testing Lab: Virginia Tech Soil Testing Laboratory

Sample Date: 04/12/2024

Planner Name Brad Glatfelter

Certification Number Certification #: 802

Soil Sample ID#: Soil pH Buffer pH

Lab Test

P (lbs/A)

Rating

(H/M/L)

Lab Test

K (lbs/A)

Rating

(H/M/L)

Application

Area #1

AC001 6.3 6.28 29 M 198 H-

AC003 6.8 6.40 28 M 168 M+

AC004 7.8 6.60 15 M- 100 M-

AC006 6.2 6.40 8 L 104 M

AC008 5.3 6.08 6 L 56 L+

AC011 6.2 6.29 15 M- 141 M

AC013 5.6 6.21 17 M- 172 M+

AC014 5.2 6.17 12 M- 32 L

Application

Area #2

AC007 6.7 6.36 40 H- 141 M

AC012 6.0 6.27 59 H 274 H

AC015 7.1 6.60 259 VH 164 M+

Athletic

Field

Application

Area

AC002 6.8 6.44 19 M- 146 M

AC005 6.1 6.33 42 H- 117 M

AC009 6.1 6.32 15 M- 221 H

AC010 5.5 6.06 14 M- 281 H+

AC016 5.0 5.90 15 M- 86 M-

Soil Group Applications:

Application Area #1 fertilizer should be applied in a 2-1-1 ratio fertilizer (examples of a grade to use is 16-8-8), according to the instruction in the note on lawn fertilization (Appendix A Soil Test Note #1). It is recommended to use fertilizer that contains 2 pounds of phosphorus and 2 pounds of potassium per 1000 square feet within the given soil group. It is recommended that soul sample areas AC013 and AC014 to receive 110 lbs of agricultural limestone. Lime applications should not exceed 50 lbs of agricultural limestone per 1000 square feet in a month.

Application Area #2 use any Phosphorus free maintenance “turf type” fertilizer according to the instructions in the note on lawn fertilization. A turf type fertilizer is typically high in Nitrogen, and has little or no phosphorus and potassium, e.g., 25-0-1. IT is recommended that soil sample area, AC012 to receive 30 and 50 lbs of agricultural limestone respectively. Lime applications should not exceed 50 lbs of agricultural limestone per 1000 square feet in a month.

Athletic Field Application Areas fertilizer should be applied in a 2-1-1 ratio fertilizer (examples of a grade to use is 16-8-8), according to the instruction in the note on lawn fertilization (Appendix A Soil Test Note #1). It is recommended to use fertilizer that contains 2 pounds of phosphorus and 2 pounds of potassium per 1000 square feet within the given soil group. It is recommended that soul sample areas AC010 and AC016 to receive 110 lbs of agricultural limestone. Lime applications should not exceed 50 lbs of agricultural limestone per 1000 square feet in a month.

One area, AC005, is recommended to receive 30 and 50 lbs of agricultural limestone respectively. Lime applications should not exceed 50 lbs of agricultural limestone per 1000 square feet in a month. use any Phosphorus free maintenance “turf type” fertilizer according to the instructions in the note on lawn fertilization. A turf type fertilizer is typically high in Nitrogen, and has little or no phosphorus and potassium, e.g., 25-0-1.

Penetrometer Test Procedure:

1) Determine the last storm event prior to testing within two to ten days. Note that periods of extreme weathers such as droughts, prolonged rains, and high or low temperatures should be avoided.

2) Identify the firmness of the soil on site; if the soil is soft use the ½” tip for the penetrometer, if the soil is firm use the ¾“ tip for the penetrometer.

3) Fasten the appropriate tip to the end of the penetrometer rod.

4) Begin testing, by designating 5 locations on the site for each soil sample taken.

Choose areas away from possible piping and tree roots.

Site Sampling Example Pattern

5) Remove the penetrometers safety lock and move to the first testing point.

6) Look over the penetrometer for possible signs of damage; confirm that the metal rod is not warped and that the PSI gauge reads 0, as seen in Figure 2

Soil Penetrometer PSI Gauge

7) Push the device into the penetrometer testing location at a constant rate. Monitor the pressure gauge located on the top of the device, as seen in the image above.

If the gauge needle begins to reach the “do not exceed bar” STOP testing and chose a new testing location.

8) The ¾” tip gauge and ½“ tip gauge are not in the same scale, be sure to match the tip used with the appropriate scale on the gauge.

9) As force is applied on the penetrometer, the gauge needle will show the soil compaction pressure in pounds per square inch (psi). If the penetrometer gauge reaches 200 psi this is the top of the layer of compaction and should have its depth recorded, 200 psi or more is not reached for the full length of the rod there is no layer of compaction to the depth tested.

10) If the device is pushed fully into the ground and does not drop below 200 psi the layer of compaction continues.

11) If the gauge needle drops below 200 psi after reaching 200 psi the layer of compaction has ended, this depth should be recorded.

12) Once the top and bottom of the layer of compaction is known the depth of the compaction layer can be computed and recorded.

13) Steadily remove the device from the ground as to not detach the tip, once removed clean off the device with a damp rag to allow for a more accurate reading for each test.

14) Move to the next point and Repeat steps 8 to 16 until all 5 points have been tested and their data recorded.

15) Once the test is completed and the data reviewed for inaccuracies clean off the device using a damp rag.

16) Unscrew the tip and fasten it to the clip located near the gauge and handles.

17) Replace the safety lock midway on the rod to protect the device during transit.

Penetrometer Test Results:

Penetrometer Test- Athletic Fields

Client: George Mason University

Testing Lab: Virginia Tech Soil Testing Laboratory

Testing Date: 4/12/2024

Planner Name Brad Glatfelter

Certification Number Certification #: 802

Soil Sample ID #:

Testing ID

1 2 3 4 5

AC001 3” 3” 3” 3” 3”

AC002 3” 3” 6” 12” 6”

AC003 3” 3” 3” 3” 3”

AC004 6” 6” 12” 12” 15”

AC005 3” 6” 3” 3” 3”

AC006 3” 3” 3” 3” 3”

AC007 3” 3” 3” 3” 3”

AC008 12” 12” 12” 12” 12”

AC009 6” 12” 12” 6” 12”

AC010 12” 6” 6” 6” 6”

AC011 3” 3” 3” 3” 3”

AC012 3” 3” 3” 3” 6”

AC013 15” 12” 12” 12” 9”

AC014 12” 12” 12” 12” 12”

AC015 3” 3” 3” 3” 3”

AC016 12” 15” 12” 9” 12”

Penetrometer Note:

The Penetrometer test is used to determine the depth at which the soil layer of compaction exists. Each soil sample location received five penetrometer tests randomly selected within the region. All values are given in inches at which the layer of compaction within the soil was detected. Annual aeration of soils is recommended.

Aeration of cool season grasses should take place in early Spring or Fall. Aeration for warm season grasses should take place in later spring months.

Maintenance of Plan This nutrient management plan will be maintained by GMU and will expire on

August 14, 2027. As part of the provided plan, fertilizer application records should be recorded and maintained within the provided document (see Appendix C). Soil samples must be collected once every three years to continue good practice and maintain the provided plan. If significant changes to the site have been made, the plan provided is required to be updated by a Virginia Certified Nutrient Management Planner. Significant changes include: Changing turf species, adding significant soil amendments, expansion of the area to be included under this nutrient management plan, or other changes that could alter nutrient recommendations.

Nutrient Application and Special Conditions

There is a series of drop inlets and grates associated with the underground stormwater conveyance system at the GMU Athletic Fields. This drainage system outfalls to multiple stormwater BMP’s that are designed to remove sediment and nutrient from captured runoff and stormwater. All fertilizer applications should avoid contact with stormwater drop inlets, grates, and BMP’s. Nutrient applications should not take place during stormwater events or be competed when stormwater events contributing to large runoff are anticipated in the near future.

Conclusion

Soil samples seen in Figure 5 were taken at the Athletic Fields and the surrounding area at George Mason University have been sent to the Virginia Tech Soils Laboratory. In order to provide a sufficient solution to the loss of nutrients in the soil, the lab has tested and provided recommendations to apply lime and fertilizer to the specified areas seen in Figure 4. The results were then interpreted, and solutions were provided in the report above under the Soil Group Application section. It is the opinion of the submitting engineer that the recommendations of lime and fertilizer applications provided are more than adequate for the proposed Nutrient Management Plan.

References VADCR. July 2014. Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria. Division of Soil and Water Conservation: Richmond, VA.

VADCR. November 2014. Nutrient Management Training and Certification Regulations 4VAC50-85. Virginia Soil and Water Conservation Board.

Virginia Cooperative Extension. May 2011. Urban Nutrient Management Handbook.

Funding by: VADCR; Produced by: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

FIGURES

Project Site

Bowman, Ltd.

13461 Sunrise Valley Drive Suite 500 Herndon, Virginia 20171

Phone: (703) 464-1000 Fax: (703) 481-9720 www.bowman.com c Bowman, Ltd.

Source: USGS (2019)Scale: 1"=2,000'

Prepared for:

Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation

600 East Main Street, 24th Floor Richmond, Virgina 23219

George Mason University Athletic Fields - Nutrient Management Plan

38°50'01"N, 77°18'53"W, Fairfax USGS Quadrangle Map PL29 (Pohick Creek), HUC 02070010 (Middle Potomac-Anacostia Occoquan)

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AC-SOIL SAMPLE #2

AC-SOIL SAMPLE #3

AC-SOIL SAMPLE #4

AC-SOIL SAMPLE #5

AC-SOIL SAMPLE #6

AC-SOIL SAMPLE #8

AC-SOIL SAMPLE #7

AC-SOIL SAMPLE #16

AC-SOIL SAMPLE #9

AC-SOIL SAMPLE #10

AC-SOIL SAMPLE #11

AC-SOIL SAMPLE #12

AC-SOIL SAMPLE #13

AC-SOIL SAMPLE #14

AC-SOIL SAMPLE #15

APPENDIX A

The accompanying Soil Test Report (and related sup-plemental Soil Test Notes) will help you assess your plant’s need for fertilizer and lime.

The “History of Sampled Area” section restates the in-formation you filled in on the Soil Sample Information Sheet you submitted with the soil sample.

The “Lab Test Results” section shows the relative availability of nutrients numerically and if appro-priate, as a rating. The rating may be interpreted as follows: L=Low, M=Medium, H=High, VH=Very High, EH=Excessively High (soluble salt test only), DEF=Deficient, or SUFF=Sufficient, and sometimes a “+” or “-.” When soils test Low, plants almost always respond to fertilizer. When soils test Medium, plants sometimes respond to fertilizer and a moderate amount of fertilizer is typically recommended to maintain fer-tility. When soils test High to Very High, plants usu-ally do not respond to fertilizer. If there is no rating for a nutrient, the adequacy of that nutrient in the soil for the plant you specified has not been determined.

The following is an explanation of the symbols and ab-breviation used in the report:

Report Symbols and Abbreviations

Est-CEC = estimated cation exchange capacity AG = agricultural limestone (dolomitic or calcitic)

Fertilizer Recommendation The fertilizer recommendations may be used for the same crop for two to three years. After this time, it is advisable to retest the soil to determine if significant changes have occurred in nutrient levels. When the soil tests Very High for phosphorus or potassium and no fertilizer for these nutrients is recommended, you should retest the following year to determine if fertil-izer will be needed. Due to the variability associated with sampling, fertilizer application rates may be var-ied by a plus or minus 10 percent.

No soil test is performed for nitrogen because this ele-ment is too mobile in the soil for laboratory results to be useful. Nitrogen fertilizer recommendations are based on the crop/plant to be grown, the previous crop, and when applicable, the soil’s yield potential. Comments on the report and associated Notes, if any, will have further information regarding nitrogen.

Lime Recommendation If needed, a lime recommendation is given to neutralize soil acidity and should last two to three years. After that time, you should have the soil retested. The measured soil test levels of calcium and magnesium are used to determine the appropriate type of limestone to apply. If neither dolomitic nor calcitic lime is mentioned, or “Ag” type or “agricultural” limestone is stated on the report, then it does not matter which type is used. When no information on the Soil Sample Information Sheet was provided regarding the last lime application, the lab as-sumed you have not applied lime in the past 18 months.

If this is not correct, contact your Extension agent for advice on adjusting the lime recommendation to take into consideration recent lime applications. Do not over lime! Too much lime can be as harmful as too little. For best results, apply lime, when possible, several months ahead of the crop/plant to be planted to allow time for more complete soil reaction.

Explanation of Soil Tests Rory Maguire, Professor and Extension Specialist, School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech

Steve Heckendorn, Soil Testing Laboratory Manager, Virginia Tech

Soil Test Note #1

Publication 452-701 www.ext.vt.edu Produced by Virginia Cooperative Extension, Virginia Tech, 2018

Virginia Cooperative Extension programs and employment are open to all, regardless of age, color, disability, gender, gender identity, gender expression, national origin, political affiliation, race, religion, sexual orientation, genetic informa-tion, veteran status, or any other basis protected by law. An equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. Issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension work, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Virginia State University, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture cooperating. Edwin J. Jones, Director, Virginia Cooperative Extension, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg; M. Ray McKinnie, Administrator, 1890 Extension Program, Virginia State University, Petersburg.

VT/1118/452-701(SPES-75NP)

Methods and Meanings For more detail on the lab procedures used, visit www.

soiltest.vt.edu and click on “About Our Laboratory”, then on “Laboratory Procedures.”

Soil pH (or soil reaction) measures the “active” acid-ity in the soil’s water (or hydrogen ion activity in the soil solution), which affects the availability of nutrients to plants. It is determined on a mixed suspension of 1:1, volume to volume ratio of soil material to distilled water.

Virginia soils naturally become acidic, and limestone periodically needs to be applied to neutralize some of this acidity. A slightly acid soil is where the majority of nutrients become the most available to plants, and where soil organisms that decompose organic matter and contribute to the “overall health” of soils are the most active. When a soil is strongly acidic (< 5.0-5.5), many herbicides lose effectiveness and plant growth is limited by aluminum toxicity. When soils are over-limed and become alkaline (> 7.0), micronutrients, such as manganese and zinc, become less available to plants.

For most agronomic crops and landscaping plants, lime recommendations are provided to raise the soil pH to a slightly acid level of between 5.8 and 6.8. Blueberries and acid-loving ornamentals generally prefer a 4.5 to

5.5 pH, and an application of liming material is sug-gested when the soil pH drops below 5.0. For the ma-jority of other plants, lime may be suggested before the pH gets below 6.0. This is to keep the soil pH from dropping below the ideal range, since lime is slow to react and affects only a fraction of an inch of soil per year when the lime is not incorporated into the soil.

If the soil pH is above the plant’s target pH, then no lime is recommended. If the pH is well above the ideal range, then sometimes an application of sulfur is rec-ommended to help lower the pH faster; however, most of the time, one can just let the soil pH drop on its own.

A Mehlich buffer solution is used to determine the Buffer Index to provide an indication of the soil’s total (active + reserve) acidity and ability to resist a change in pH. This buffer measurement is the major factor in determining the amount of lime to apply. The Buffer Index starts at 6.60 and goes lower as the soil’s total acidity increases and more lime is needed to raise the soil pH. A sandy soil and a clayey soil can have the same soil pH; however, the clayey soil will have greater reserve acidity (and a lower Buffer Index) as compared to the sandy soil, and the clayey soil will require a greater quantity of lime to be applied in order to raise the soil pH the same amount as the sandy soil.

Nutrients that are available for plant uptake are extracted from the soil with a Mehlich 1 solution using a 1:5 vol:vol soil to extractant ratio, and are then analyzed on an ICP-AES instrument. An extractable Mehlich 1 level of phosphorus from 12 to 35 pounds per acre (lb/A) is rated as medium or optimum. A medium level of potassium is from 76 to 175 lb/A. Medium levels of calcium and magnesium are 721 to 1440 and 73 to 144 lb/A, respectively. Calcium and magnesium are normally added to the soil through the application of limestone. It is rare for very high fertility levels of P, K, Ca and Mg to cause a reduction in crop yield or plant growth. Levels of micronutrients (Zn, Mn, Cu, Fe and B) are typically present in the soil at adequate levels for plants if the soil pH is in its proper range. See Soil Test Note 4, at www.soiltest.vt.edu/report-notes, for documented micronutrient deficiencies in Virginia.

Soluble Salts (S.Salts) or fertilizer salts are estimat-ed by measuring the electrical conductivity of a 1:2, vol:vol ratio of soil material to distilled water. Injury to plants may start at a soluble salts level above 844 ppm when grown in natural soil, especially under dry conditions and to germinating seeds and seedlings.

Established plants will begin to look wilted and show signs related to drought. This test is used primarily for greenhouse, nursery and home garden soils where very high application rates of fertilizer may have led to an excessive buildup of soluble salts.

Soil Organic Matter (SOM) is the percentage by weight of the soil that consist of decomposed plant and animal residues, and is estimated by using ei-ther the weight Loss-On-Ignition (LOI method) from 150° to 360°C, or a modified Walkley-Black method.

Generally, the greater the organic matter level, the bet-ter the overall soil tilth or soil health, as nutrient and water holding capacities are greater, and improved aer-ation and soil structure enhance root growth and mi-crobial activity. The percent of organic matter in a soil can affect the application rate of some herbicides. Soil organic matter levels from 0.5% to 2.5% are ordinary for natural, well-drained Virginia soils. A soil organic matter greater than 3% would be considered very high for a cultivated field on a farm, but can be beneficial.

Due to relatively large amounts of organic materials being commonly added to gardens, the soil organic matter in garden soils can be raised to greater than 5%.

The remaining values that are reported under the “Lab Test Results” section are calculated from the previous measured values and are of little use to most growers.

Conversion Factors (Some Values are Approximate)

1 acre = 43,560 square feet

1 pound of 5-10-5, 5-10-10 or 10-10-10 fertilizer = 2 cups

1 pound of ground limestone or ground dolomitic limestone = 1.5 cups

1 pound of aluminum sulfate or magnesium sulfate = 2.5 cups

1 pound of sulfur = 3.3 cups

1 quart = 2 pints = 4 cups

1 pint = 2 cups = 32 tablespoons

1 tablespoon = 3 teaspoons

1 bushel = 35.24 liters = 1.25 cubic feet

Pounds per 100 square feet x 0.54 = lbs per cubic yard

100 square feet = 5 feet x 20 feet, 10 feet x 10 feet, or 2 feet x 50 feet

1,000 square feet = 50 feet x 20 feet, 10 feet x 100 feet, or 25 feet x 40 feet

Pounds per 100 square feet x 436 = pounds per acre

Pounds per 1,000 square feet x 43.6 = pounds per acre

Pounds per acre x 0.0023 = pounds per 100 square feet

Pounds per acre x 0.023 = pounds per 1,000 square feet

Estimated Cation Exchange Capacity (Est-CEC) gives an indication of a soil’s ability to hold some nutrients against leaching. Natural soils in Virginia usually range in CEC from 1 to 12 meq/100g. A very sandy soil will normally have a CEC of 1 to 3 meq/100g. The CEC value will increase as the amount of clay and or-ganic matter in the soil increases. This reported CEC is an estimation because it is calculated by summing the Mehlich 1 extractable cations (Ca + Mg + K), and the acidity estimated from the Buffer Index and con-verting to units commonly used for CEC. This is also an Effective CEC since it is the CEC at the current soil pH. This value can be erroneously high when the soil pH is alkaline (greater than 7.0) or soluble salts level is high.

The percent Acidity is a ratio of the amount of acid-generating cations (as measured by the Buffer Index) that occupy soil cation exchange sites to the total CEC sites. The higher this percentage, the higher the amount of reserve acidity in the soil, and the higher the amount of acidity there will be in the soil solution and the lower the soil pH will be.

The percent Base Saturation is the ratio of the quantity of non-acid generating cations (i.e., the exchangeable bases, Ca, Mg, and K) that occupy the cation exchange (CEC) sites.

The percent Ca, Mg, or K Saturation refers to the rela-tive number of CEC sites that are occupied by that par-ticular nutrient and is a way of evaluating for any gross nutrient imbalance.

Additional Information For questions and more information, contact your lo-cal Virginia Cooperative Extension (VCE) office or go to www.ext.vt.edu. Contact information for your local Extension office appears on the upper left of your soil test report.

APPENDIX B

452-717

Soil Test Note 17:

Lawn Fertilization for Cool Season Grasses

(Supplement to Soil Test Report) Authored by M. Goatley, Extension Specialist, Turf; E.H. Ervin, Professor Emeritus, Turf, and S.E. Heckendorn, Laboratory Manager, Soil Testing Laboratory

Applying Lime to Established Lawns If less than 50 pounds of lime per 1,000 square feet is recommended, apply the full amount in one appli-cation. If more than 50 pounds of lime per 1,000 square feet is recommended, apply the lime in several applications of up to 50 pounds each at intervals of 1 to 6 months until the full amount is applied. Applying more than 50 pounds per 1,000 square feet at any one time may result in an undesirable residue on the turf.

Repair Bare Spots with Shallow Fertilizer Incorporation Prepare bare spots for seeding, sodding, plugging or sprigging by raking the soil so that approxi-mately 1 inch of loose soil is on the surface. Mixing topsoil and/or organic matter into these spots will help prepare these areas for seeding or vegetative establishment.

Apply the same amount of lime but only two-thirds of the fertilizer recommended for maintaining your lawn (too much fertilizer will burn your grass seedlings).

Rake the fertilizer and lime into the upper inch of loose soil.

After seeding, apply mulch (1 bale of clean straw per 1,000 square feet) to conserve moisture. Seeded, sodded, plugged, or sprigged areas should be watered immediately after planting. Watering should continue as long as necessary to obtain satisfactory germination and establishment.

General Fertilizer Information Fertilizer Analysis Fertilizers are often described by three numbers, such as 12-4-8 or 46-0-0. These three numbers indicate, respectively, the percent by weight of nitrogen (N), phosphate (P2O5), and potash (K2O) in the fertilizer and are required on every fertilizer bag or container.

For example, a 12-4-8 fertilizer would contain 12 percent nitrogen, 4 percent phosphate, and 8 percent potash on a weight basis. Fertilizers containing all three nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) are referred to as “complete” fertilizers or sometimes in the lawn and garden centers as “garden” or “starter” fertilizers because they contain phosphorus..

Fertilizer Ratio If the fertilizer analysis is 16-4-8, the fertilizer ratio is 4-1-2; similarly, a 14-7-14 analysis would have a 2-1-2 ratio. Mature lawns generally require more nitrogen than phosphorus and potassium; therefore, ratios of 4-1-2 or 4-1-3 are commonly recommended.

Due to focused efforts to improve water quality in the Mid-Atlantic, there are now many phosphorus-free fertilizers (e.g. 4-0-2 ratio) that are commonly called “maintenance” fertilizers, with their intent being to get the homeowner to use soil test results rather than always applying phosphorus, even if it is not needed.

Turf maintenance fertilizers vary in nitrogen content and may contain a portion of the nitrogen as water-insoluble or slowly available nitrogen.

Nitrogen Availability The source of nitrogen in fertilizers influences nitro-gen availability and turf response. There are two categories of nitrogen sources: quickly available and

EX

PERT

R

E V IE W E

D slowly available. Quickly available materials are water-soluble, can be readily utilized by the plant, are susceptible to leaching and have a relatively short period of response. Quickly available sources include urea, ammonium sulfate, and calcium nitrate. Fertility guidelines from Virginia Tech and the Virginia Depart-ment of Conservation and Recreation now recommend that no more than 0.7 lb of quickly available nitrogen be applied per active growing month. Slowly available nitrogen sources release their nitrogen over extended periods of time and are applied less frequently and at somewhat higher rates than the quickly available nitrogen sources. Slowly available sources are defined as those with 15% or more slowly available or water insoluble nitrogen as detailed in the fertilizer’s guar-anteed analysis on the label. Slowly available sources are less susceptible to leaching and are preferred on sandy soil types, which tend to leach. They can be applied at levels up to 0.9 lb N per 1000 square feet per active growing month. Slowly available sources include urea formaldehyde (UF), UF based products (methylene ureas), sulfur coated urea (SCU) and polymer coated urea (PCU) and their combinations, isobutylidene diurea (IBDU), natural organics (bone meal, fish meal, dried blood, and animal manures), and activated sewage sludge.

If a fertilizer contains a slow-release nitrogen source, it will be listed on the label. For UF based fertilizers the portion of the nitrogen that is slowly available is listed on the fertilizer bag as Water Insoluble Nitro-gen (WIN). For instance, a 20-10-10 fertilizer with 5 percent WIN has 5/20 or 1/4 of the nitrogen in the slowly available form. If you choose a fertilizer that provides nitrogen in a slowly available form, you should understand how to calculate WIN in order to determine which fertilizer program (see Table 1) best fits your lawn. For example, assume that a fertilizer label provides the following information:

Guaranteed Analysis Total Nitrogen16%……........……………………16% 5.6% Water Insoluble Nitrogen (WIN) Available Phosphoric Acid (P2O5) ……..................4% Soluble Potash (K2O)…………………..................8%

To find the % nitrogen that is WIN, use the f ollowing calculation:

% WIN x 100 = % of total nitrogen that % Total Nitrogen is WIN or slowly available

Therefore:

5.6 x 100 = 35% of the total nitrogen is WIN or 16 slowly available and this fertilizer is most suitable for use in Program 2

If WIN is not listed on the fertilizer label, one should assume it is all water-soluble or quickly available nitrogen, unless the fertilizer label indicates it contains sulfur-coated urea. Sulfur-coated or polymer-coated urea fertilizers do provide slowly available nitrogen, but the fertilizer label does not list it as WIN. If the fertilizer contains sulfur-coated urea, include that por-tion as water-insoluble nitrogen when determining the amount of nitrogen that is slowly available.

Table 1. Example Fertilization Program for cool-season grasses:

Program 1 - Nitrogen application by month using predominantly quickly available nitrogen fertilizers (less than 15 percent slowly available nitrogen or

WIN)

Quality Desired Sept. Oct. Nov. May 15 -

June 15

--------- lbs. N/1,000 sq. ft. ---------

Low 0 0.7 0 0 - 0.7

Medium 0.7 0.7 0 0 - 0.7

High 0.7 0.7 0.7 0 - 0.7

Program 2 - Nitrogen application by month using predominantly slowly available nitrogen fertilizers (15 percent or more slowly available nitrogen or WIN)

Quality Desired

Aug. 15 - Sept. 15

Oct. 1 - Nov. 1

May 15 - June 15

--------- lbs. N/1,000 sq. ft. ---------

Low 0.9 0 0

Medium 0.9 0 0 - 0.9

High 0.9 0.9 0 - 0.9

Important Comments about Programs 1 and 2:

1. Fine fescues perform best at 1 to 2 pounds of nitrogen per 1,000 square feet per year.

2. Applications in successive months should be approximately 4 weeks apart.

3. Up to 0.7 pound of nitrogen in Program 1 and up to

0.9 pound of nitrogen in Program 2 may be applied per 1,000 square feet in the May 15 to June 15 period if nitrogen was not applied the previous fall or to help a new lawn get better established.

Fertilizer Programs When to fertilize depends on the type of grass. This Note is for cool-season grasses, such as Kentucky Bluegrass, Tall Fescue, Creeping Red Fescue and Perennial Ryegrass. (Use Note 18 for warm-season grasses such as bermudagrass or zoysiagrass.) Refer to VCE publication CSES-135P Lawn Fertilization in Virginia and/or the Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria (https://www.dcr.virginia.

gov/document/standardsandcriteria.pdf) for specif-ics on fertilizer selections, application timing, and program development for the different grasses grown in Virginia.

Lawn Establishment Go directly to Table 2 and select an appropriate fertil-izer from the recommendation on the Soil Test Report.

Use the rate under the 1.0 pound of nitrogen column and incorporate the fertilizer into the soil (along with lime, if needed) to a depth of 4 to 6 inches. After the

Lawn Maintenance If lawn soil tests are low or medium for phosphorus or potassium, a complete fertilizer will be recommended to correct a potential deficiency of either of these plant nutrients. Follow the soil test recommendations for these nutrients and then sample soils again in 3 years to determine if a different fertilizer should be used. If the lawn soil test indicates high or very high levels of phosphorus and potassium availability, then fertilizers supplying mainly or only nitrogen need be applied.

The programs listed in Table 1 give flexibility in deciding the types of fertilizer to best meet your needs.

Program 1 utilizes fertilizers that contain predomi-nately readily available nitrogen (i.e., less than 15 per-cent of the nitrogen is slowly available – listed as WIN on the fertilizer bag). Program 2 utilizes fertilizers that contain predominately slowly available nitrogen (i.e., more than 15 percent of the nitrogen is slowly avail-able or WIN).

If used properly, either program will result in quality turf. Choose the program best suited to your needs and the available fertilizer supply in your area.

Table 2 contains information on the amounts of various types of fertilizers to apply for certain rates of nitrogen per 1,000 square feet. After you decide what kind of fertilizer you want to use, determine the amount at which it should be applied using Table 2.

turf has been established (6 to 8 weeks), follow one of the maintenance fertilization programs described below.

TABLE 2. The amounts of various types of fertilizers to apply certain rates of nitrogen (N) per 1,000 square feet

lb. of N desired/1,000 sq. ft.

Fertilizer Analysis Approximate Ratio 0.5 0.7 0.9 lbs. fertilizer per 1,000 sq. ft.

5-10-5 1-2-1 10.0 14.0 NA†

5-10-10 1-2-2 10.0 14.0 NA

6-2-0‡ 3-1-0 8.3 11.7 16.1

10-10-10 1-1-1 5.0 7 NA

12-4-8 3-1-2 4.2 5.8 NA

16-8-8 2-1-1 3.1 4.4 NA

16-4-8 4-1-2 3.1 4.4 NA

20-0-16 4-0-3 2.5 3.5 NA

https://www.dcr.virginia.gov/document/standardsandcriteria.pdf https://www.dcr.virginia.gov/document/standardsandcriteria.pdf

lb. of N desired/1,000 sq. ft.

Fertilizer Analysis Approximate Ratio 0.5 0.7 0.9

23-3-7 8-1-2 2.2 3.0 NA

28-0-12 7-0-3 1.8 2.5 NA

31-0-0‡ 1-0-0 1.6 2.3 3.0

38-0-0‡ 1-0-0 1.3 1.8 2.3

42-0-0‡ 1-0-0 1.2 1.7 2.1

46-0-0 1-0-0 1.1 1.5 NA

†NA = not applicable. Nitrogen levels from predominantly water-soluble sources should never exceed .07 pound N/1,000 square feet in a single application per active growing month.

‡Sources containing 15 percent or greater water insoluble N (WIN) can be applied up to 0.9 pound N/1,000 square feet in a single application.

If the particular fertilizer you are using is not listed in Table 2, use the following calculation to determine the exact amount of fertilizer to apply per 1,000 square feet of lawn area.

Desired lbs of nitrogen per 1000 sq. ft. x 100 = lbs. of fertilizer

For example, if one wants to apply 0.7 pound of nitro-gen per 1,000 square feet using a 23-3-7 fertilizer:

0.7 x 100 = 3 lb. of 23-3-7 is required 23 per 1,000 sq. ft.

Important Application Practices to Protect Water Resources

• Never exceed 0.7 lb of water-soluble nitrogen in any single application.

• Apply phosphorus only when a soil test determines that it is needed.

• Do not apply fertilizers to hard or paved surfaces (driveways, sidewalks, etc.) and sweep or blow any products that end up on hardscapes back into the turfgrass canopy.

Additional Information For more information, contact your local Virginia Cooperative Extension office or go to www.ext.vt.edu.

Visit our website: www.ext.vt.edu Produced by Virginia Cooperative Extension, Virginia Tech, 2021

Virginia Cooperative Extension programs and employment are open to all, regardless of age, color, disability, gender, gender identity, gender expression, national origin, political affiliation, race, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, veteran status, or any other basis protected by law. An equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. Issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension work, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Virginia State University, and the

U.S. Department of Agriculture cooperating. Edwin J. Jones, Director, Virginia Cooperative Extension, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg; M. Ray McKinnie, Administrator, 1890 Extension Program, Virginia State University, Petersburg.

VT/0321/452-717 (SPES-306P)

http://www.ext.vt.edu http://www.ext.vt.edu

APPENDIX C

Grass Species:

Expires:

N - P2O5 - K2O

2 3/15 to 5/15 > 30 days 0.70 - 0.350 - 0.350

0 5/15 to 9/15 0 - 0 - 0

2 9/15 to 11/15 > 30 days 0.70 - 0.350 - 0.350

2.8 - 1.4 - 1.4

2 3/15 to 5/15 > 30 days 0.625 - 0 - 0.15

0 5/15 to 9/15 0 - 0 - 0

2 9/15 to 11/15 > 30 days 0.625 - 0 - 0.15

2.5 - 0 - 0.6

2 3/15 to 5/15 > 30 days 0.70 - 0.350 - 0.350

0 5/15 to 9/15 0 - 0 - 0

2 9/15 to 11/15 > 30 days 0.70 - 0.350 - 0.350

2.8 - 1.4 - 1.4Recommended Annual Application

Total NPK

(lbs/1000ft

Name: George Mason University - Athletic Fields

Prepared by: Brad Glatfelter Tall Fescue/ Bermuda Grass

Prepared Date: 8/20/2024 8/20/2027

Application Area Acreage Applications Date of Application App Interval

General Notes:

Primary fertilization window occurs in Early Fall and ends before the Winter Season per Urban Nutrient

Management Handbook. Secondary Fertilization Window can be seen in Early Spring and end before the middle of the season. All ornamental landscaping will receive no nutrients.

Lime Recommendations:

It is recommended that soil sample area AC012 recieves 50 lbs of agricultural limestone. Lime applications should not exceed 50lbs of agricultural limestone per 1000 square feet in a month.

Area #1 16.50

Recommended Annual Application

Lime Recommendations:

It is recommended that soil sample areas AC010, AC013, AC014 and AC016 are to receive 110 lbs of agricultural limestone. Lime applications should not exceed 50lbs of agriculturarl limestone per 1000 square feet in a month.

Area #2 9.0

Recommended Annual Application

Athletic Field Application

Area:

Lime Recommendations:

It is recommended that this soil sample area recieves 30 lbs of agricultural limestone. Lime applications should not exceed 50lbs of agricultural limestone per 1000 square feet in a month.

11.5

Name:

Phone #:

Temp Wind Speed Precip

Notes:

Fertilizer Application Records

Customer Information Management Area Information

George Mason University Management Area ID: Athletic Fields

Date

(M/D/Y)

Supervisor/Applicator Weather Conditions Fertilizer

Analysis

Rate Amount Fertilizer

Used

Application Equipment Used

Address: 4400 University Drive Management Area Size:

Fairfax, VA 22030 Plant Species:

APPENDIX D

Lab ID: 24-23410 2024-04-12 FAIRFAX / 059

Virginia Cooperative Extension Soil Test Report

Questions? Contact:

Fairfax County Office 12011 Government Center Pkwy.

Suite 1050 Fairfax, VA 22035-1111 703-324-5369

Virginia Tech Soil Testing Laboratory 145 Smyth Hall (0465)

185 Ag Quad Ln Blacksburg, VA 24061 www.soiltest.vt.edu

SEE NOTES:

1 17 at www.soiltest.vt.edu under Report Notes

O W N E R

NAGY LEAH

13461 SUNRISE VALLEY DR.

SUITE 500

HERNDON, VA 20171

C O P Y

F O R

WALRATH BRYCEN

SAMPLE HISTORY

Sample Field

LAST CROP

LAST LIME

APPLICATION

SOIL INFORMATION

ID ID Name Yield Months

Prev. Tons/Acre

SMU-1

SMU-2

SMU-3

Yield

Estimate Productivity

Group

AC001

LAB TEST RESULTS (see Note 1)

Analysis P (lb/A) K (lb/A) Ca (lb/A) Mg (lb/A) Zn (ppm) Mn (ppm) Cu (ppm) Fe (ppm) B (ppm) S.Salts (ppm)

Result 29 198 1520 258 1.5 17.6 2.0 60.0 0.2

Rating M H- H- VH SUFF SUFF SUFF SUFF SUFF

Analysis Soil pH

Buffer Index

Est.-CEC (meq/100g)

Acidity

Base Sat.

Ca Sat.

Mg Sat.

K Sat.

Organic Matter (%)

Result 6.3 6.28 5.8 12.2 87.8 65.2 18.3 4.4 2.5

FERTILIZER AND LIMESTONE RECOMMENDATIONS

Crop: LAWN MAINTENANCE - BLUEGRASS, FESCUE (202)

609. LIME RECOMMENDATIONS: Apply 40 pounds of agricultural limestone (ground, pulverized or pelletized) per 1000 square feet.

991. "Explanation of Soil Tests, Note 1" and other referenced notes are viewable at www.soiltest.vt.edu under Report Notes.

206. FERTILIZER RECOMMENDATIONS: Apply a 2-1-1 ratio fertilizer (example of a grade to use is 16-8-8), according to the instructions in the note on lawn fertilization.

created with evaluation software from www.xmlpdf.com

Lab ID: 24-23411 2024-04-12 FAIRFAX / 059

Soil Test Report

Questions? Contact:

Fairfax County Office 12011 Government Center Pkwy.

Suite 1050 Fairfax, VA 22035-1111 703-324-5369

Virginia Tech Soil Testing Laboratory 145 Smyth Hall (0465)

185 Ag Quad Ln Blacksburg, VA 24061 www.soiltest.vt.edu

SEE NOTES:

1 17 at www.soiltest.vt.edu under Report Notes

O W N E R

NAGY LEAH

13461 SUNRISE VALLEY DR.

SUITE 500

HERNDON, VA 20171

C O P Y

F O R

WALRATH BRYCEN

SAMPLE HISTORY

Sample Field

LAST CROP

LAST LIME

APPLICATION

SOIL INFORMATION

ID ID Name Yield Months

Prev. Tons/Acre

SMU-1

SMU-2

SMU-3

Yield

Estimate Productivity

Group

AC002

LAB TEST RESULTS (see Note 1)

Analysis P (lb/A) K (lb/A) Ca (lb/A) Mg (lb/A) Zn (ppm) Mn (ppm) Cu (ppm) Fe (ppm) B (ppm) S.Salts (ppm)

Result 19 146 1848 202 1.5 10.8 0.7 26.6 0.1

Rating M- M H H+ SUFF SUFF SUFF SUFF SUFF

Analysis Soil pH

Buffer Index

Est.-CEC (meq/100g)

Acidity

Base Sat.

Ca Sat.

Mg Sat.

K Sat.

Organic Matter (%)

Result 6.8 6.44 5.7 0.9 99.1 81.2 14.6 3.3 3.8

FERTILIZER AND LIMESTONE RECOMMENDATIONS

Crop: LAWN MAINTENANCE - BLUEGRASS, FESCUE (202)

619. Lime recommendations: NONE NEEDED.

991. "Explanation of Soil Tests, Note 1" and other referenced notes are viewable at www.soiltest.vt.edu under Report Notes.

206. FERTILIZER RECOMMENDATIONS: Apply a…