W912P5-16-R-0004_TSpecsAppB.pdf

RFP No. W912P5-16-R-0004

US Army Corps Of Engineers Nashville District

EXCITER EQUIPMENT REPLACEMENT

Barkley Power Plant Lyon County, Kentucky

Technical Specifications

Appendix B – Generator Test Report for Unit No. 2

July 2016

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

FOR DUPLEX PRINTING

REPORT OF TEST

RT-221078

FOR

CORPS OF ENGINEERS

BARKLEY DAM, lJN:::I NO. 2

G!!STOMER~-5 ORDER NO a DA~40"·C58-CIVENG-60~ 124 GoE~ REQUIS~IION NO. 366~27000

G.E. CONTRACT NO. 73093-

:I'ITLE

REFERENCE

TESTS MADE BY

REPORT PREPARED BY

DEVIATION FACTOR AND

IIF TESTS MADE BY

REPORT OF TEST NO. 221078

GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY

SCHENECTADY, N. Y9

TEST OF ONE 36,111 KVA HYDRAULIC TURBINE DRIVEN

GENERATOR FOR BARKLEY DAM~ CUSTOMER'S UNIT NO. 2

SERIAL NOe 8300294

DEPT. OF THE AK'1Y, CORPS OF ENGINEERS

SPECIFICATIONS CIVENG-40·~·058-59~9

GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY REQUISITION 366~27000

N.W. PERRY&W.J. KENNEDY, LARGE GENERATOR_.AND

c

MOTOR ENGINEERING DEPART:'iSNI, GF'NERAL ELEC'::"R".':C COMPANY, SCHENECTADY~ N. Y.

NoW .PERRY~ LARGE GENERATOR & :0\fOTOR f.NG::.NEE.\GNG DEPARTMENT~ SCHENE:cTADY" N" Y.

W .J ~KENNEDY~ lARGE GENERATOR & MOTOB ENG::NE.ERING

DEPARTMENT: SCHENECTADY~ N. Y.

LEON LA.GALLE:3, SCliENECTftDY INSTRUMENT SERVICE~ GENERAL ELECIR~:c CO~ANY, SCHENECTADY, N. Y~

I HEREBY CERTIFY THAT THIS RF:PORT OF TEST NO. 221078 IS .A TRUE RECORD

TAKEN FROM FIELD TESTS ON MACHINE NO. 8300294.

SIGNED~~~~

SIGNED ryv'~~1~

William .J. K12.nnedy

SWORN TO AND SUBSCRIBED f -'719¥.

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1420 Union Avenue

District E~gineer Nashville ~istrict, Corps of Engineers P. 0. BoA ~070

~-:P" v:...kt'hLY

Nashville, Tennessee 37202

Gentlemen:

50:R\'iCl Ei'<.GiNI:i::R.NC:

Memphis, Tennessee

OEPARTMEN·:

December 12, 1967

Ref: ORNED - DA-Lf0-058-CIV:t:NG- 60-l2li

This refer.::; to your :Le:tters of 15 November, 1967, 21 September, 1rJ67, and 22 May, 19 u 7. We were under the impression tha·t telephone conversations between yo·wr representatives and our design engineers ancJ Mr. Perry: s letter of :vlay 2 to the District Engineer, attent:ion Chief Hydroelectric Branch, substantially &nswered the questions raised in yoLr ::.etter of May 2.

Our basic premise in t:esting the machine and reporting these tests is to describe the equipment as furnished &s accurately as possible. One problem in determining losses for the generator is t:he division of friction and windage losses between the generator and the turbine. This must be oone partially by calculation if the generator and turbine are not uncm:.:pled for the test as the friction and windage loss measured in test is the total for the two. Clearly this di··.rision of the friction and windage loss must be based on calculations of f:::"iction ancJ w:indagc for the turbine and generator as furnished.

Your design engineers have referred to computed data furn:ishc·rl in ac,:orcl with contract procedures shortly after awarcJ of contract, :in this case·, January of 1960. This is relatively car] y :in t·1c· manu l'ac·tur i 11g IJr'(Jcess and it is :::airly common ;·or changes to be~ m;J.clc• \vh:il·h c~IT(·c··t tJH· computed data. Orc1:i.narily the chan~scs arc nut sul'f:i c:i cntly s i gJJ:i :··cant ·tn warra:1t resubmiss.ion of calculated cJata as we• cJcpend on LinaJ dru.w:ings ancJ duta determined during tests to establish actual values for ·th('Se qua.nt:it:ies.

As indic&ted in our letter of May 2, the fric·tion and windage: Joss computed in January of 1960 was reported to be 234.6 kilowatts. Acrually the calculated friction and windage was 184.6 kL: .. owatts and the design engineer added a margin of SO kilowa-cts to this ::o provide for the fact that the calculations were basec on a thrust bearing with ou·tside dia meter of 121 inches, which diameter was larger than any thrust beCt.ring previousiy furnished ::or a generator 1vi th tnrust bearing below t:he rotor.

During design of the genera~or the bearing diame~er was first redLc<:•d to

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WJ···· ,.J .

ONY,AAlJ£

G t (\ ~ ~~ R ~ (;~· l!: '· I\ ' ...

Nashvill~ ~isrrict, Corps of E~gineers

Page 2 Decem:Oer ~2, 1967

120 inches and finally r~duced to lll incnes to insure ge~ting a good shaft forging. We have previously furnished similar thrust bearings of 111 inch diameter and are confident that the losses will be what are normally calculated and do not require additions for uncertainty. The generator :riction and windage loss based on a thrust bearing diamet2r of lll iGches is 165.~ kilowatts as noted on Page 4 of Report of Test No. 221078. A copy of a design memorandum recording the change in bear ing size is attached for information.

The other C[uestion is about I 2 R loss. Accc.u•ate dcterm:inat:ion or· thr· field currc·nt for rated condit:i ons requires careful simu1 taneous r.H·u.surr~ ment of all pertinent electrical quantities. Your dcsigL engineers evidently have noted that the field current measured duriGg th~ hcu.~ rur1 tests is somewhat hig~1er ·than the field curi•ent we• have used in calcula tion of fic2ld I 2R loss. There are two reasons for b1is. During the heat run test, which is a ~elatively long time test, individuals reading ~he meters usually are reading a number of meters so we do not get data ·cha~ is accurate simultaneously. The other reason, of course, is that system operating conditions do not allow loading the machine at exactly rated conditions. Generally i·c is desirable to make a special test with a much larger group of personnel reading meters to determine data that is simultaneously accura~e. This is what was done by the design engineer making the test. Data determined during such a special test is not exactly to rated conditions and a correction must be made.

The estabLished method :for making this correction is to clc·tcrminc ar, equivalent "load 11 Potier reactance ancJ use this to acJjust the mca.surr .. cJ field current to rated conditions. Our design c!nginecr made such u test clu:ring which the field current and all other im;trumcnt.s were <IC'CUi'<..Lti•Jy :rc~acJ. The fie] cJ current meCJ.SUrC'cl clurin~ this tc,st was 8SCJ. S ampcrl'~;.

The .I oacJ as closely as they were able to sc·t .it by systc!m concH ti()ns \.vas 32, ')()(J k:i lc,wa·t·ts ratlwr than rated kilowatts of 32, 5()0. The tc'rmj na:

vol·tugc was :J 3, SOS vol·ts rather than 13, SOD voJ·i~s. TJw power fuctor wat;

o.g023 rLI.thcr than 0. 1;0CJ. Us:ing tlw mechods of IEI:L: #LLS, Mar·ch, J 1lC1S, q .1, u.nd currc.·cting the i'i clc.l currl!nt by using chc' i uad Poticl' l'Ci.1L'·tanCl' :rcsul ts in a fj eld currenc of 857 amperes for exactly ra·tcd conditions.

A copy of these calculacions is attached.

Your design engineers may wish to make ~hese ca::C.cula-:ions using the less accurate data determined during che heat run as a check. The conditions under which the heat :;.~un was taken were ~ha·.:: th.:· power was 32,700 kil.o watts; the terminal voltage, and ::his is ~he significant ~iscrepancy.

was 13,950 volts rather ·.::han l3,3CJCJ vol::s; u.nd t:l:e power !~actor W<.S D.8';[J rather than 0.90. The voltage :Ocing high and the power factor bcin~ lo~· }Joth contribute to increasing ·ch2 L'iclc~ curl~enc above tnat for rat(•ci

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"':' ; ~ I. ::- " £!~}-. ~ L !·: ~·. -· ,.. "" l:r "" n .... , K ..._ ~~;, _ r.. l· , r. ii J

~ashvill~ District, Corps of Engineers

December 12, 1967 conditions. For this test the field current was 897 amperes. Using the data given above together with other pertinent data such as the saturation curve, etc. the field current adjusted for rated conditions would be 866 amperes. This is a reasonably good check taking into account the record ing of electrical data during the heat run.

In summary, the Report of T<.:>St as furnished j s as accurate! as the t:·~ t method er.1ploycd allows. Calculations of losses .i~rom the -rest dat0 <E·c:

in accord wj th procedures given in IEEE Test Pr Jcc_;durcs for Synch:' rJrVJUS tvlachines a:1d the efficiency ca:~culatcd thercfron is c·orrl:ct for h1r::: mac,-Jinc::

as furnished.

EGF:gm Attachmer.ts

Yours very truly, rp~ . ~: ~ .

( ._.::,; . ,A.A.<.--..../ (

E. G. Frank Sales Engineer

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.RT-221078

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Summary of Tests • •

Introduction

Proc~dure of Tests •

Resistance • c

Page .1,2

Open Circuit Saturatio~ • • • • • • • • . • • • . . • • . • • . 3

Short Circuit Saturation . 3

Efficiency • • • • . • . 4

Heat: Runs • • . . • . • . . 8

Quantity and Temperature. of Water for c.oolErs

Wave Form Dsviaticm Factor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . 8

Negative S.:;que.nce Reactance • • . . . . . • . . . • • • . . • . 9

Zero Sequence Reactance • • • 10

Direct and Quadrature. Axis Su.btransient Reactance •• 10

I~1ephone Interference Factor • • • • • 11

Zero Power Factor Saturati.on • • • • • • . . • • • • • • • • • • 11

Graphs:

Test Characteristic Curves . • . 12

Open and Short Circuit Core Loss Curves . . . . • . . • . , 13

Friction & Windage. Decelerati.on Curves ••.•.. , ... 14-17

Open Circuit CorE! Loss Deceleration Curves •• 18

Short Circuit Core Loss De=:celeration. Cu:eve.s • 19-24

Ne.gative St=quence R.e-ac-ta.:o.cre. 25

Ze.r.o Seque.n.ce Reactance • • 26

(c.ontinuE.d:

C·

.RT-221078

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page Form Factor and Deviation Factor Calculation Sheet 11 - L2. . . . . . ~CD-66-100

Form Factor and Deviation Factor Calculation Sheet 12 - 13 • . . . . • CD-66-102

Form Factor and Deviation Factor Calculation Shee.t 13 ~ L1 • . . . 0 . CD-66-101

Form Factor and Deviation Factor Calculation Sheet L1 - N • . . . . . CD-66c"96

Form Factor and Deviation Factor Calculation Sheet L2 ~ N . . 0 . . . .GD-66-97

Form Factor and Deviation Factor Calculation Sheet L3 - N • . . . . 0 CD-66=98

No Load Voltage WavE Form L1 - L2 CD-66-100

No Load Voltage Wave Form L1 - L3 CD-66-101

No Load Voltage WavE Fo:::-rrt 12 - L3 CD-66-102

No Load Voltage Wave Form 0 - CD·--66-99

No Load Voltage Wave Form 11 - N CD~66-96

No Load Voltage Wave Form L2. - N CD=66=97

No Load Voltage Wave Form L3 - N CD-66~98

1935 T.I.F. and 1960 T.I.F. Analysis . CD-66=30 l.

SUMMARY OF l~STS

RESISTANCE

UNIT #2 SN-8300294

Armature - line to neutral "025 ohms @ 25°C .0299 ohms @ 75°C

Field .1895 ohms@ 25°C

0.226 ohms @ 75 C

SHORT CIRCUIT RATTO

UNIT #2

KW LOSSES AND EFFICIENCY UNIT 1f2

PER UN IT LOAD

Friction & Windage Core Loss Stray Load Loss Armature I 2R Voltage Re.gulato-r Field r2a (1.0 P.F.)

Field I 2R (.90 F.F.)

Exc. & Rheo. Loss (1.0 P.F.)

Exc. & Rheo. Loss (.90 P.F.2

TOTAL LOSS ( 1. 0 P. F . )

TOTAl LOSS (.90 P.F.)

Efficiency Test (1.0 P.F.)

Efficiency Guar. (1.0 P.F.)

Efficiency Test (.90 P.F.)

Efficiency Guar. (. 90 P. F.)

LlS

270.5

4.04 104.2 21L8 10.0 20.5

880.74 998.84

97.92 97.65 97.40 97.35

SCR= Ll22

1.00 0.75

214 214 170 170

82 47 205 115.3

4.04 4.04

88.8 69.4

166,0 111.7

8.7 6.9

16.0 10.7

772.54 626.64

857.04 672.74

97.915 97.74

97.65 97.50

97.43 97.31

97.35 97.00

RT 221078

0.50 0.25

214 214 170 170

22 6 5L2 12.8

4.04 4.04

55.8 47.8

80.3 59.2

5.7 5.0

7.8 6.0

522.74 459.64

549.34 472.04

97.19 95.16

96.80 94.60

96.73 94.51

96.30 93.80

QUANTITY AND TEMPERATURE OF COOLING WATER FOR AIR AND OIL COOLERS - UNIT #2

LOAD

36,500 KVA

.898 pf 13,950V

41,500 KVA

0. 91. pf 14,400 v

COOLER

Air Oil

Air Oil

COOLER

RETURN AIR TEMP.

38.85°C

39.87

QTY~ HpO 100 gpm 111 gpm

110 gpm 138 gpm

WAVE FORM DEVIATION FACTOR = UNIT 1fi2

* 1A to Neutral 6. 3%

* TB to Neutral 5.7%

* Tc to Neutral 6,0%

TA to TB 1.3/o TB to Tc LO% Tc to TA 1 "Olo

*For information only - not guaranteed quantities.

TEMP. (IN)

13.3 13.3

13.3 13.3

TEMP. (OUT)

45.5 18.3

47.2 16.7 c

2.

NEGATIVE SEQUENCE REACTANCE - UNIT :ft2

From single phase running test From static test From single and three phase synchronous impedance curves and No Load Saturation Curve

ZERO SEQUENCE REACTANCE - UNIT :ft 2

X0 = 0.167 per unit:

(Xz per uni.t) 0.39 0.451

.385

RT 221078

DIRECT AND QU:ADRl\TURE AXIS SUBTRANSIENI REACTANCE - UNIT :/F2

XI! f ' d _ro:m stat:1c test .3715

X!i f . q rom stat1c test .53

TELEPHONE INTERFERENCE FACTOR - UNIT 4t 2

Balanced

TA ~ TB

1960 W<"ighti.ng W.E. Inst.

TB ~ Tc

TC - TA

* TA ~ N

* IE ~ N

* Tc - N

Residual

4,2

!..,o2

4.2

4.7

4. 7

4.5

(open delta) 2.5

*For information only not guarantee.d quantitie.s.

DIRECT AXIS SYNCHRONOUS REACTANCE - UNIT :ff 2

Xd = .937 (per unit.)

1935 Weighting W.E. Inst.

17.7

17.7

17.7

20.7

20.7

21.0

8.1 oC 3

RT 221078

Introduction

This report records tests made from Oct. 20 to Nov. 8~ 1966 on one General Electric Company hydroelectric generator rate:d 36111 KVA, 110 poles, 65.5 RPM, 13800 volts, 60 cycles, 0.90 Powe:or Factor. Each generator is furnished with dire:ct connected ma.in exciter rated 265 KW, 12 poles, 65.5 RPM, 250 volts.

General Electric Serlal No. l3:

Generator Main Exciter

Unit #2 8300294 7351837

The ge.nerator is driver"! b:v· an adjusr.a.bl<: blade (Kaplan) type hydraulic turbine manufactured by the Newpn:ct Nf'WS Shipbu.Uding & Drydock Company and controlle.d by a governor manu.tactured by t:h<: Wo·od~.-,.s.rd Governor Co.

Pro~edure of Test

Insofar as possible, c:h..:: IE'EE publication #115 rrrest Procedures for Synchronous M:achin.c'S en March, 1965. was us2d as ch;;- standard by which the. te.sts were con ducted. Copies of instrument cali.b:cat:ion.s and carbon copies of ti1e original test. data are hsld by C:o.r-ps of Eng\ n"'.E:r.s personnel a.t Barkley Dam. In making A.C. measurements, all t:h:ree phases w-2::::,e measured at the same time and the average used to de.te:r:m.inE:; the re.su lt:s. Wher·e n.ec12ssary, instrument calibrations were applied.

Re.s i.s tance: Mea sursm:ent s of Arma.tu:r:e and F i.e 1 d

All resistance measurements wE.:rs made afr.:2r the. ge.ne:rator had been idle for at least six hours a:nd we.:re ohtain~.d by means of a Gen.=-,:ral Electric Company Portable Double Bridge. The temperature of the armature windings \llas determined by resistance te!Dperatu:r:e detectors locatEd betwe.en. the coil sides. The temperature of the field winding was measured by mE:t'cury thErmometers attached to t.he windings.

These. measured values were then corrected to a base of 75 degre.·=:s C and are tabulated below.

Field Resistance @ 75°C Armature phase resistance at ?5°C

Open Circuit Saturation

Unit 1f2

• 2.26 .0299

Unit 2 was operated at rated spe·e:d with the ne.v.t!:'al grounded and with the armature leads open circuited, Readings of fi8ld ct~:t':!':'ent: ~· armature voltage across each phase, and speed were recorded for various val·~es of fiEld current increased in successive. steps. All points were, ta.kE'.n with lnc.ce.asing excitation. Curves of the. test results app€.ar on page 12.

Short Circuit Saturation

Unit 2 was operated at rated srH:·d wi rh thi:' n.futt'al gro\J.nded and with its t:erm.i.nals short circuited. Readings of field curr<::D.t~ armature c.ur:cent. in e.ach phase, and sp<"e.d w,;-~re. rec.o!.'ded for va:rious values of field curr..:::nt increased in successive str:ps. A curve. of the test results appo2a:es on page 12.

4 RT 221078

Efficiency

UQ.der Specification CIVENG~40-058-59~9 the following losses are included in the determination of conventional efficie.ncy:

Generator friction and windage Core loss Strav load loss Fiel~ r2R loss at 75°C Armat:ure r2R loss at 75°C Excite::: and VoLtag<='. Regulator Losses

Since it was not consider12d de.sirable. by t.he Corps of Englneoers to u.ncouple the turbine from the generator~ it was necessary t:o make an arbitrary division of friction and windage losses between the generatcrr and hydraulic turbine. In accordance with the test code, this division is i.n rroportion to the calculated losses for each unit at: rated speed.

The following data was used in de.termining the proportion of total measured friction and windage loss to be applie.d to th.E:: ge.nerator. Since the test was run with t:he Lailwater depre.sst::d with co:mprsssed air, a correction was applied to the turbine windage. due to the i.ncreased densitY of the. ai :::-.

Calculated generator friction and windage

Calculated turbine windage per ASME code

Calculated a.ddi.tional t.·c;.;:::bi.nc: windage due to increased air dEnsity at 8.1 psi (gauge preSS\\iXE'.)

Calculateod turbine guide bE.a:ring frict:ion

Calculated friction due to weight of on watered turbine

Total

Per cent friction & windage proportioned

165.4

67 KW

36.9 KW

4.0 KW

16. 5KW

289.8 KW

to ge.nerator = 165.4 = 57% 289.8

Generator 2 was brought up to rated speed with its turbi.ne and allowed to run until the hearing te-mpe.ratures leveled off. Gene-r·ators 4tl and 1f2 were them synchronized and the. turbin.e of ·unit it2 unwate.red wlt:h compressed air. For all of the deceleration runs the. t.;ost machine. was brought up to about 80 RPM running as a motor then disconnected from ge.nE:rator ifol and allowed to decele.rate to about 57 RPM and re~synchronize.d at approximately 60 RPM. Simultaneous readings of speed, field current, a:nnat:u.re: volts 0 an;atvre amps~ main exciter armature volts and amps at intervals during the va:cious ru:ns we.re recorded.

Measure:ment of gen.era.tor decelerati.on rate. was made: with a Berkeley Model 5500 electronic counter whic.h rec,eiv2d its signal from a 60 cycle per revolution a·,c tachometer driven from a gear on the gene.ra.to.r P.MG with a 15:1 gear ratio.

The counter was set to count -polse:s for an. accxn:'ately t ime.d :i.nte:rval of 10 seconds or 1 second as indi.cat:ed and di.spla.ye.d f0r four· or five .seconds. Thus at 65.5 RPM 9825 -::- 1 pulses could be measured for a 10 se.co!l.d interval, giving a high degre.e of accuracy.

RT 221078

Pulse:s in 10 sec. period = 60 X gen. rps X gEar ratio X sec.

= 60 X 65.5 X 1.5 X 10 60 .

"' 9825

} r-..

0 0

)GB

I

Un:it 1 and test unit 2 are conni='cted as shnwn abcve. wtt.h each unit having se.parate. disconne.cts and circuit braaker.s; thus transformer losses were exc:lu:de:od.

The. equation given in paragraph 3.15. 55 page. 30 of the IEEE Test Procedure for Synchronous Machines, dated March, 1965~ relating loss to inertia.and rate of deceleration is as follows:

wht::re

KW = 0. 92.4 X 10~ 6 X WK2 X N X A

Tz - TJ

WK2 (generator and turbinE) = 123,835,886 Lb ft 2

WK2 gento:rator = 116~ 18.5,886 lb ft2

N = rated generator speed = 65.5 rpm

A = rpm above and b£"low N = 5

T1 = TimE A rpm above N (from spe:sd~time curve.)

T2 = T.tme A rpm below: N(from sp""e.d~time 01rve)

KW = llilli Tz··Tl

RUN NO.

m.i'N 11

*1 *2 *3

*20 *21

TABLE I

FRICTION AND WINDAGE LOSSES

AT, Sec.

104.71 105.71 104.97

99.40 99.14 98.10 98.10

101.55 107.38 106.46 101.5

98.62 100.20 100.74 100.47

Ave. F & W = 375.6 Ave.. Press.= 8. 1

PIT PRESSURE

'10

9.5 9.4 9.3 8.8 8.6 8.1 7.0 8.5 8.3 8.0 7.8 7,7 7.5 8.4

*Omitted from consideration as machine operating time was insufficient.

TABLE 2

OPEN CIRCUIT CORE LOSS

KW.

T LOSS F & W OCCL

(1) KW (2) KW (2)-(3)

72.8 515 375.6 139.4

65.7 570 375.6 194.4

72.8 515 375.6 139.4

76.9 487 375.6 111.4

86.1 435 375.6 59.4

RT 221078

F & W 357.9 354.5 369.2

LINE

VOLTS

13400 13950 12400

7 RT 221078

TABLE 3

SHORT CIRClTII CORE LOSS

KW I 2RA CORE STATOR

RLTN iff T l.OSS (1) -F&W LOSS LOSS AMPS

( 1 ) (2) ( 4) 2-(3&4)

14 65,1 576.5 200.9 130 70.9 1246 15 89.3 795.6 420 306 114 1904 16 53.7 697.8 322.2 221 101.2 1621.5 17 85.4 439.8 64.2 52 12.2 786.8

*18 100.8 372 ~3.6 15.3 -18.9 427.2 *26 46.2 813 437.4 267 170.4 1800 *27 48.1 780 4.04.4 253 15L4 1792

28 50.1 748 372.4 258 114 .. 4 1732 29 50.7 740 364.4 256.5 107.9 1748 30 70 5J6 160.4 110 50.4 1148 31 80 469 93.4 70.2 23.2 920

" The arrr.ature ::: 4 R loss subtracted in the short circuit cere loss nms lB based on thE m>:'.asured valu.;::s of a.nnature. c•Jtrent and armature ro;;sist.a.ncE as dt:tEr.mint:d by stator RID n.adings madE du:nng e.acb run. Runs 18, 26 and 27, W~'Tt: omitted bEcause of unsa.t isf~e:to:r-y data. The cur·ve s are drawn fro'It an analysis by thE method of least squares. See page 13.

~rmatu::e I2R '4oss

The:; armat:\J.re r2R loss is the product of thr.et: timfs the 1 in.c to neutral DC armature r:::sistance corrected to 75°C and the square of rat~d ar.ma:ture line current.

F.i.eld r2R Loss

Tht: fie.ld copper loss is equal to the product of the field resistance. at 75°C and the square of the field cur-rent at a given load. Field curre-.nts may be obtaine.d from loading thi: generator at rating or may bE-. calculated by using the open c irc.uit, short c:ircui t and zero power fa.ctor saturation charact<Rristics of the machine. The pot.ier reactance from loading the ma.chine is 39. 6'%. wt-d.ch. is sxtxeme: 1 y high. Potier re.acta.nce obtained from thP characteristic cv:rves is 30.8'%, which is much closEr to the design value of 2.7. 3/~. Potier r:e.actance may aJ.so be obtained from the dE sign valuE of armatu.r.:: reaction and the test value of synchronous impedance and the test value of t:hlf- fir-1d amps on th>i:c air gap 1 in£ at rated voltage.. Potier· :rea.cta.:nce calculated in this mannt;:r is 27.5%. Potie·r :re.actanct of 39.6/o was used in all fi.E.ld current calc.ula.tion.. Fhld currents fo·:" 90 per c,ent and unity power: factor are as follows:

F.:.!' Un1.t Lua.d Field Cu~rent 0 P.F. Field Current 1.0 P.F.

1.15 968 679

1.00 857 627

.75 703 5.54

.50 596 497

.25 51.2 460

8 RT 221078

Voltage Regulator Losses

A voltage regulator losE of 4.04 KW is included in the. loss summary.

This is the total power supplied to th~ voltage regulator under steady state conditions with the. regulator neither bucking nor boosting the exciter excitation.

Heat Runs

Iwo heat runs we.re mad·:: at app:rox imatc 1 y 1 OC% and 11.5% and as ne.ar rated power factor as permitte.d by the system load. Water flow through the air coolers wa.s adjuste.d to mai'ntatn a cooling air t.emperature of about 40°C as required by the specification.

:J"emperature Rise(°C)

Run 1 Stator Volts 13,950 Stator Amps 1,511 KVA Output 36,500 KW Output 32,700 Power Factor 0.898 Field Amperes 897 Field Volts 200 Return Aii (°C) ave.38a85 Warm Air (°C) ave, 58,65

S "1 b .RTD ·' ) tat:or co1 ~.s y , {_max 44.15 27.3 19.8 31.0

Core by thermocouplE Coo ling air Field by resista:nc<e.

Total Temperature (°C) Frame 51. 5

Upper guide bearing Lower· guide be.axing Thrust bearing Thrust bearing oil

Water Temperatures (°Cl To air eool.ers 13.3 From air cooJ~rs 45.5 To thrust bearing coolers 13.3 From thrust be:aring co:rdersl8. 3

Water Qua!Ulties (gpml To aL~· coC~lt:rs

To thrust bearing coolers

Deviation Factor of Wave form

Run 2 14,000

1 '712 41,500 37,700

0.910

39.87 64.52

54.3 31.9

24.6.5 43.3

13.3 47.2 13.3 16.7

Generator 1/:2 was operated at: rated voltage. no load and osci.llograms of the line to line. and line to neutral volt.age:s we.re. taken" An analysis of these waves appears on sheet.s C:D66-96, 97~ 98, 100~ 101 and 102 .. The maximum deviation noted for the: line to line case is 1.3 pe.r cent and for the line to neutral case is 6.3 p~;;.r cent. Wave shapes including on€'. taken across the open delta conne.ction, are shown on CD66·-96 through CD66-·102.

9 RT 221078

Negative. Se9.};!ence Reactance

Reference: Method 3, Section 7.L>0.30 Test Pr:ocedurE:s

Generator No. 2 was connected so that a linE-·to-lin"' short circuit was applied between two phases as illustrated on the wiring diagram on page An ammeter was connected to a. currEnt transformer in the short to read the current las shown. A voltmeter was connf!cted across the terminals of a potential transformer to read t.he voltagE: V. A wattmeter was co:nnected to read the products of tl:>e in. phasE; co~1ponents of tho? cu.rr<:nt I and voltage V. Th:::se mt:-t.e-rs wt-.~·e re:ad for various valuE:s of field currents and the r-::sul ts are plott'='d on page 25.

Th.-=: per unit va.lue of ne:.gative sequencE r-"actance X2 can b7 calculated from these readings hy means of th;; t:.qJ . .at.ions in S~ction 7.L.c0.35 on p.63 of IEEE Test Procedm:·es.

where x2 ·-· l (p ) 2 rrc: pe:r: unit z2 = E pe.r u.ni t I

E ;> M.easvrsd voltage in pE.r unit ba..s.:d on rated line-tc=line voltage, P :: Wattmeter r:::a.ding ;oxpressE:d in per unit of base single phase power.

I = Me.a.su:red cu:crE>nr in per unit based on rated phase: cu.rrt:.nt.

A curve of X2 vs. field cur:nmt is plotted on page. and it will be notsd that for rated armature current the. value of :X2 i.s about 39 per cent.

As an alt.ernative me:thod of de.termining X2 from. the same test data including the. s~chronous impeda.nce curv10, Pag:e 12, the value: of x2 is given by the r€lation:

Xz ""' IFSTS lFG

~ \1 3 ~. xd wherE IF'G = fie.ld cur:r:ent corresponding t.o rated voltage on the air:

gap 1 ine of t:hr no load sann:axion curve.

IFSIS = field current necessary to produce rated line current on a line-to-line shcrt circuit test.

X<i = Synchronous reactanL2, pE':t' u.nit

Using values of IpG~ AND IFSIS from page 12 and Xd of .937 the. value of Xz calculated from the abo\le forrr•t..lo is 38.5 pe:r ce.nt which che:cks quite.

well wi.th the: previously dEt-?:r:mined v~.luE-.

10 RT 2210'78

Zero Sequence Reactanc~

Reference: Te.st Procedure Section 7.45.30

Ge.nsrat.or No.2 wa.s connect:t::.d so t:hat a line·--to-lin2 to neut:·ral short circuit was applied bet:we.en two phases as shown in tbe wi .cing d i.agram on page 26 Current· t::cansfo:nn€.rs and meters wen~ arrange.d t.o read the line. current and the combine.d current flowing from th<: two 1 ine:s to the neutral. A potential transformer and voltmeter "re.r~ conne.cred to r~ad the voltage from the opened phase to the neurral.

The zero seq~.1Ence reactance X0 can be dt:t'2rrrd.nf:d from the recorded data by means of the. fc·rm::J.le. 7.45.4 oo page 65 of thE: IEEE T<::st Procedun:·.S.

whe·re

Z = Ea = X o ·:;- a "·n

Fa = per unit a.rmatu:re voltage based on rated phase voltage.

In = pf'r unit combined ne.utxal c.ur:nent base.d on rated phase. current •

The calculare.d value of X0 nsing thso t~st. value.s of Ea and I.n gives 16,7 per cemt fo:r the range of :m.e.asurceJn.ents taken.

Di.r.e.ct and Quadrature Ax1s Subtransient Reactance

The test for the direct and quadrature axis subt.ransient reactances is des cribed in IEEE Test Proc~du.res Sect.ion 7 • .30.25.

Readi.::J.gs of sta.tor voltage and curt·e,nt were r.eco:t'd:;d when single phase voltage was applied successively to two phases while thE third phase was open. The generator field was short circuito?.d during this tE:st. Three values of per unit stator volta.ge-cu:n:·ent :ratios wer~ obtained whi.ch will be designated as quantities A, B~ and C.

A

o. 743

B 0.995 c 0.967 wher.ec K. = A + B + C

M=

( \2 ' . . 2 B~KI ..j. JC~.AI~

K 0.902

M .1593

A.B,C s stat:cr volt.age sta.tor current ratios. ThE di.rect and quadrature axis su.bt.ran.sient react.ancfs, as w: 11 as t:be n.€gat iv'E phase: sequence rc:acta:a.ce: may be obt:ain.ed f:t'o:m the abov<:. data by use- cf ths fell owing equations:

If

X d = K:.J'1

If

X q -

K+H

Xz -=- K

11 RT 221078

Per unit values shown b?low:

II

X d = .3715 x"q = .53 x2 = .451

Field tests on other :mact.Jn<- t.'at.ings show tha.t t.hE sto.ti.c value.s are- ge.n2rally higher t.ha:n thosE tako:,n OD short i.ng tests.

f'elephon~ Inte:rf~TE:n~~-J:acE,_£JL A. Balanced

Unit No. 2 was opE.:rated at rated 3pt:''!".d and no load ratt:::d gene.rator te!"trlinal vol ta.ge. The vol ta.g"' of each phasE (stepp.::d down through the pot.e.ntial transformers) Hei.:>, 111 turn, impressed on t.h~ terminals of a standard telephone intf:.rft:.r.;,nc<: factor mH~r. Bala.n.c<>d tEl.?phon.:: interferenc~ factor is obtained from the exprEssion

T.LF. :l E

Where I is the current i.n :mlcroamrH.'res 1:n the met:e.c b:r·ancb of a standard T. I.F.

me;ter and E is thE. voltagf applied to the t ... rmlnals of th~:: LLF. network.

Measurements were t.aken both from li.ne-to-·li.:n~ and line t.o neutral for each phase. with the 1935 and 1960 We-ste~rn Elect:r'ic instrument, The results are recorded on GL 66=30.

B. R~sidual

Because of the. difficulty in rec.onnf-cting the. windings of the machine in open delta, r.he residu.a1 com:pone.nt I. I.F. vJas obtained by connecting three machine potE.ntial transforme::rs in Y to the u~:rn.inals of a machine an.d connecting the secondaries of these poten.tial transformers in delta with one corner ope.n. Readings werE again taken with the W.E. 1935 and 1960 weighting network and the values obtained ar: tabulated on Gl, 66-30.

The guarant·aed values for ma.xi.ruum balancEd a.nd residual T.I.F. are 50 and 30 respe.ct:ivel y.

Rated Current Zero Power Facto:t· L~13yng Saturation Curve, Unit. 2 and tb.e other units we·.re connecte.d elect:dcally t.oge.ther and their governors wer12 sEt so that at rate,d spt.ed there was no exchange of powe.r bet:ween them. A re.ading of field amp~.res a.nd annature volts were taken at lagging power factor. The fiE-lds of t.h-2 units werE. adjusted so as to circulate ra.t:e:d armatu:n? cu:nE:nt. Th;:; value is plot tr,d on pa.ge.- 12 c 'I~ I

'Wf'M

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~ Taken at Barkley Dam, Kentucky CD-

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~ M:1ehinc ~giit£·-e-~~~:;.~~-~~~~~:~-·-!.;~!!~~-=~ Sp=~=·-&ov;_~t-age· y .. ~~ Ll-·!:.2·· ............ '

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ll. 27 -t---- ----~------+-- l---~~~:. :~9~--- j_ ________ if--------i:_]8_j_ ~~~------t- ; 1560. 25_[!ioL -~~lj_ 39.5 _ _[_O_~Q_ L

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--· 3o.5+-- i =:_---( 930.25 ~~k~~1,r-3o.sj--o.3-t ____ _ ,.~!_! I I - -1 15-"~;_j3_3 ___ L_~ ---- L.!~_j__ ! 21.0 I -- 441..!00 16Q! .:342 I 21.0 j 0.2

33 I I I 165 I .2.')!} I 34 j ~- n. 5 j 132.25 17~-''_ 74 -rop?T-o. Ll_ ~ o. 8 x 1oL....I1 37.

35 ! . I _j· 175 .OS7 . I 61.5 • •

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Sum= 704.0

Average= 39.1 y.,r.= 43.5

Ymas.=l.414y..,._= 61.5

Form Factor=Yrff. = y.,.

Deviation Factor=

1.1%

1. 3%

34055.50

1891.97

Stator Rotor

EN

DL

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8300294 839694 686708 109X471 366-27000

Computed by ...... ---~-~~_ La.Galles . . . . ........ -~... . .. ~ .. .

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~ ' 66-102 ,: Taken ~t Barkley Dam, Kentucky CD-··- ·

~ =~~ch~~ft,~:j;Ji!~i:!!9-~~-fl!-~-~ii~~~~-~Q!~---- , ----i~}!o __ Q_o_~Q~---- ·-- -~-~--Li:ii---·---------------- .... =---~-· .... . f ------- m ••• - • ---- ·;- _e, ,!peed_& . lta.ge_ y.l -Conn .. : ~ ~ Odi- ' ~.f!::a~ured Ordinates ' ! i I ! 'i -- I rer Cent Dev " Ab- I y i • • . """'"'" I • ,. . fl n;!1C . 1 ~.,.t ! ~ : ~11. >; : •. , ·..,·""'t7.t:.. v -y'".o.'"· s;n x ~ !'<o. scls~a.e ~~-l--~-2--~---A~--~ . ~ i i &~!1 x j ~in lt 1'--y·,;;;.-- XlOO r=--=1~~~-==-=r~~~~=r~--~ --t=--~==-:--== r · z;>o~7·-~-=-~=,=l·=--c= 1 ~=~~----~ ,/ I!-- ., I • 1-l-0-~-----+-------,------j--~. ~-1 ~. t-·-- I I ~ 1: ; 1 +- · t· j---- ; 12LillL[-~~r-'2_~; :-10...6·-j--...O.A -~ ~ . I - ---+-----r------+- . .,.. ------~n--' . ~ !L.1.____(___ __ ~20o5 I ~--__j_ 42ih25_+;~P,_ ~A:JL _ __?_().9 : 0.4 -~ I!

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I L26 __ L _ _j_ 46o5 I ~ _;___2162 0 ~_5 IJ?QJ_:2~~ 46~---~--Q.d._j

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! 900.00 ~l~~5~)8j-:~~~; 30o6 t,· . Oo6 -~' Q.6 JqOO

R-31 ' I . •JI .'!~,j: . 61:2 tJ"H i. 20.5 I 420,25 ~60~ .3421! 20o9 I 0.4 I ~ 33 , j__ 1 _ ~ns_~-2.')9 _ _ _____ _ r34 1 i lLO , I :f 12LOO 1]~~.~ .174 10.6 J __ Qd_j ______ l i 35 I I 1 _ _ _1 tal .osu ~~ 0.0 I 0.0 Jl80l!Fjo 1 0.0 I OoO

~ Sum= 700o5 33824.25 Stator 8300294

I . Rotor 839694

Average= 38o9 1879o 13 EN 686708 DoL. 109X471

I! Yc.ff. = 43 3 Reqo 366-27000

II j Y-~ 1.414 Yo~--

I Form Factor=Y•ff- = ~ y,..

6L2

L 1'7. I Dev;at;on FactO< - 1. O'Z

Computed by ....... .Leon LaGa.lle~---------·------------

SCHENECTADY INSTRUMENTATION SERVICg t ..................... ----··--·--------------------------·-------------Dep .

Date ...... 11-1-66

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~ FCRM FACTOR AND DEVIATION FACTOR

;I I Taken ~ Barkley Dam, Kentucky CD-~··-~ .~§-JOl ,, M a'.·l~gl ~" t~nVa~;lp.~JiL~ ~ula~l~-'~-t~~Qg;eed?. & ~\.-o¥t:~-0-e· --y·--conn-:-·Lr:;·t3·---. ·····-------···· rc:;ti~I-Ab- MeasuredyOrdinates ~r· t r. T~-O~ i -~:~~~,~0~ 0;=--~r, Per Cent_Dcv. -

SClSSae 4 1 S!O X I • · • na c . I " 1 x r-1n x ,· ·. y,..,.,_ v-v"'""'" sm xXlOO

~:· ~" -1 ~t=2 -tAv-__·_ -H Oi7~~~~~1 •m• =y,.,.""'=,..=== rz- i , 1o.sl - j -1 110.25:. ].~=1.1:4. 1 10.6 ~. 0.1 f· 3 i 1 _ __ __ -\..l_s-~--'259 ! -+- .

4_!_---f- 20.5 --+- . 420.25_;_1_0..;_~3J2j_20.9 I 0.4 I

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7 ! I J . I ! 351 .574: I .

s '. ~9 0 5J j' !. 156o 0 25 \j_ol~A4~;_:~_39. 4 o. 1 -t-!, _

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1 1 3364_.00

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IL18 ! I 61.5 I L !I· 3782~-~0:I!JQ~l: 61.2 ~~O...a..n3...__+'------i1 19 :· I I I · n~' 0"6 I i ~~ 1 1 v~.>_[.~ :1 , '--·---

~~-}_0 ; 60.5 i I +.16.fill~~'L_·_~~~;U-nn~---i--JL.2_--=! ----- LJ!·_.L_ __ l ____ ~l -----,-----~ l~t~~:..J!~---------~ _________ _i •

L~ ' p.s ! _j ___ --+.-J306.25111~+...:.940j 57.5 L...o..._o.__l----

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~~_2_6._ I ! 46,5 , . 2162.25 1.i~-~~~ -.:&! 4~9 L-!L.A_i------l' 7..7 I I i ,l3b . I 0 I l + tt---28 I j 390 0 1521.00 ~~~-~~~=i 3904-.0~41 29 ~~ I ' l IJ451 . .-.u4 1 ; ~------jo ; h3o.o ! T 900oOO l5o1_2oo! 30 9 6 -~1 o.6 0.6 x 100 J ... 1 O%

I 31 . - +- 15.5, .423 . I 6L2 • lJ2 I 20o 5 . 420o 25 160 .342 20.9 Oo4 1~1 .I I ' 165 .2-'>9 ·I I

. 34 I I 11.0 121.00 J70 ~174 10.6 ~ 0.4 1,------l

~ 35 I I 17.5 .OR7

36 I l o. 0 1-.. --L o. Q_Q_,lROLQOQ '- o. 0 I o. 0 ___j

Sum= 699o5

1 Average== 38.9 l! 'hr.= 43.3 I Y-.~1.414 Y<f.~ !J Fonn Factor=Y•I"· = y.,._

Deviation Factor=

61.2

L1'7..

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33776.75

1876o49

- Stator 8300294 Rotor 839694

EN 686708

D. L. 109X471 Reqo 366-27000

Computed by ............. ~.()~---~~~~~~-~---:

SCHENECTADY INSTRUMENTATION SERVICE

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nate ~··· n ~· j y : ; • ''.'1 X I y..,ao:. y-)'''"" ~Pl. :tXJOO. No Sa$511.., 1 .----- 1 1 1 .s10 T. , . lt ----

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