B08f_Attachment_5__Additional_Landscape_Docs.pdf

APPENDIX D

TOPDRESSING SAND ANALYSIS

COMPOST ANALYSIS REPORT

Analyte

Solids 42.7

Carbon (C) Carbon:Nitrogen (C:N) Ratio

14.2

Total Nitrogen (N) 0.9

16.00

5.09 7.7pH mmhos/cm

Organic Matter

Results (As is basis)

57.2

Results (Dry weight basis)

33.2

(Weight basis)

Bulk Density

(Volume Basis)

715 lb/yd3

Moisture %

57.3 410 lb/yd3 lb/yd3

%24.4 % % 2.1 %

175 lb/yd3

6.32 lb/yd3

% %101 lb/yd3

16.00

Compost Test 3A

Phosphorus (as P2O5)

0.36 2.60 0.85% lb/yd3 %

Potassium (as K2O)3

0.56 4.00 1.31% lb/yd3 %

Ammonium N (NH4-N) 171.3 mg/kg 401.3 mg/kg0.12 lb/yd3

Calcium (Ca) 2.98 21.34 6.99% lb/yd3 %

Magnesium (Mg) 0.18 1.32 0.43% lb/yd3 %

*Volume results are calculated on the basis of compost bulk density. Bulk density value was provided by individual who submitted sample.

3To convert phosphorus (as P2O5) into elemental phosphorus (P), divide by 2.29. To convert potassium (as K2O) into elemental potassium (K), divide by 1.20.

2See comments on back of report .

Organic Nitrogen1

0.9 % 2.0 %6.20 lb/yd3

Particle size (< 9.5 mm) 100.00 %

Soluble Salts (1:5 w:w)

Terre Hill PA 17581

Loren Martin

P O Box 790 Terra-Gro Inc

Analysis Report For:

C12149 01/22/2020

SAMPLE ID:

ProSelect Compost 012020

Copy To:

SAMPLE TYPE:

Finished Compost

FEEDSTOCKS

Windrow

COMPOSTING METHOD COUNTY

Lancaster

%%0.0171 0.0401 or or

LAB ID: REPORT DATE:

INTERPRETATION

% Solids, % Moisutre

The ideal moisture content for composting will depend on the water holding capacity of the materials being composted. In general, high organic matter materials have a higher water holding capacity and a higher ideal moisture content. A typical starting compost mix will have an ideal % solids content of 35-55 % (65-45 % moisture). Finished compost should have a % solids content of 50-60 % (50-40 % moisture).

% Organic Matter

There is no ideal organic matter level for feedstocks or finished compost. Organic matter content will decrease during composting. The organic matter content (dry weight basis) of typical feedstocks and starting mixes will be greater than 60 % while that of finished compost will be in the range of 30-70 %. An organic matter content (dry weight basis) of 50-60 % is desirable for most compost uses.

Total Carbon

Total carbon (C) is a direct measurement of all organic and inorganic carbon in the compost sample. Unless the sample has a high pH (> 8.3) or is known to contain carbonates, essentially all carbon will be in the organic form.

Compost organic matter typically contains around 54 % organic carbon by weight. The carbon content of individual feedstocks may vary from this ratio.

Nitrogen :

Total, Organic, Ammonium, and Nitrate

Total nitrogen (N) includes all forms of nitrogen: organic N, ammonium N (NH4-N), and nitrate N (NO3-N ). Total N will normally range from less than 1 % to around 5 % (dry weight basis) in most feedstocks and from 0.5 to 2.5 % (dry weight basis) in finished composts. NO3-N (an optional test) is generally present in only low concentrations in immature composts, although it may increase as the compost matures. NH4-N levels may be high during initial stages of the composting process, but decrease as maturity increases. Organic N is determined by subtracting the inorganic N forms, NH4-N and NO3-N, from total N. However, because NO3-N levels are generally very low, total nitrogen minus NH4-N provides a good estimate of organic N in most composts and is the value shown on the front of this report. In stable, finished composts, most of the N should be in the organic form. While NH4-N and NO3-N are immediately available to plants, organic N is only slowly available, approximately 10 to 20 % per year. However, mineralization or break-down of organic N into available inorganic forms depends on the C:

N ratio (see below) as well as factors such as soil moisture and temperature.

Carbon:

Nitrogen Ratio

This is the ratio of total carbon (C) to total nitrogen (N) in the compost sample provided. C:N ratio may be used as an indicator of compost stability and N availability. Compost C:N ratio typically decreases during composting if the starting C:N ratio is > 25, but may increase if the starting C:N ratio is low (< 15) and N is lost during the composting process. Composts with high C:N ratios (> 30) will likely immobilize or tie-up N if applied to soil, while those with low C:N ratios (< 20) will mineralize or break-down organic N to inorganic (plant-available) N.

pH pH is a measure of active acidity in the feedstock or compost. The pH scale is 0 (acidic) to 14 (basic) with 7 being neutral. Most finished composts will have pH values in the range of 5.0 to 8.5. Ideal pH depends on compost use.

A lower pH is preferred for certain ornamental plants while a neutral pH is suitable for most other applications.

pH is not a measure of the total acidity or alkalinity and cannot be used to predict the effect of compost on soil pH.

Soluble Salts

Soluble salts are determined by measuring electrical conductivity (EC) in a 1:5 (compost:water, weight ratio) slurry. EC is related to the total soluble salts dissolved in the slurry and is measured in units of millimhos/cm (mmhos/cm). Compost soluble salt levels typically range from 1 to 10 mmhos/cm. High salinity may be toxic to plants. Ideal soluble salt levels will depend on the end use of the compost. Final compost blends with soil or container media/potting mixes should be tested for soluble salts.

Phosphorus, Potassium

Phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) are plant macronutrients. Values reported are for total amounts given in the oxide forms (P2O5 and K2O). These results provide an indication of the nutrient value of the compost sample.

However, plant availability of total phosphorus and potassium in compost has not yet been established.

Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium Balance

When compost is applied on the basis of nitrogen (N), most composts will have an excess of phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) relative to crop demand. These mineral elements and salts can accumulate to above optimum levels with repeated application. Growers using compost should regularly soil test to monitor P, K and salt accumulation and should consider using other nutrient sources or nitrogen fixing legumes in their crop rotation especially when P and K levels are above optimum.

Analyte Results (As is Basis)

EPA 503 Pollutants

Lead (Pb)

Mercury (Hg)

1.1

Cadmium (Cd) 0.2

Arsenic (As) 1.6

2.7 mg/kg0.6 mg/kg mg/kg 0.5 mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg

Copper (Cu) 14.0 mg/kg 32.8 mg/kg

Results (Dry Weight Basis)

Zinc (Zn)

Nickel (Ni)

Molybdenum (Mo)

Selenium (Se) 1.1

0.7

0.01 mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg

1.7 mg/kg

0.03

2.7 mg/kg

1.6 mg/kg mg/kg

3.9 mg/kg

42.3 mg/kg 99.2 mg/kg

EPA SW 846 Method

< < 3050B + 6010

3050B + 6010

Terre Hill PA 17581

Loren Martin

P O Box 790 Terra-Gro Inc

Analysis Report For:

C12149 01/22/2020

SAMPLE ID:

ProSelect Compost 012020

Copy To:

SAMPLE TYPE:

Finished Compost

FEEDSTOCKS

Windrow

COMPOSTING METHOD COUNTY

Lancaster

LAB ID: REPORT DATE:

3050B + 6010

3050B + 6010

3050B + 6010

3050B + 6010

3050B + 6010

3050B + 6010

COMPOST BIOASSAY

Seedling Emergence and Relative Growth

Test Dates:

Seed Type:

Media Type:

(Control)

Emergence:

(% of control)

Seedling Vigor:

(% of control):

TEST PARAMETERS

TEST RESULTS

COMMENTS

Vermiculite:

01/17/202001/09/2020

Cucumber-Marketmore 76 Variety to

Miracle Gro Moisture Control

NK Professional Grade

93.33

100.00

Terre Hill PA 17581

Loren Martin

P O Box 790 Terra-Gro Inc

Analysis Report For:

LAB ID

C12149

REPORT DATE

01/22/2020

SAMPLE ID

ProSelect Compost 012020

Copy To:

SAMPLE TYPE

Finished Compost

FEEDSTOCKS

Windrow

COMPOSTING METHOD COUNTY

Lancaster

Emergence % > 90 80-90 < 80 Seedling Vigor % > 95 80-95 < 80

1Test Methods for the Examination of Composting and Composts (revised July 15, 2015)

The bioassay test provides a screen for the presence of phytotoxins in compost based on seedling emergence and seedling vigor relative to a control. It provides an assessment of compost maturity although should not be used as a stand-alone indicator. The U.S. Compost Council Test Methods for the Examination of Composting and Compost provides the following Maturity Indicator Ratings based on this test.

Test Parameter Very Mature Mature Immature

Maturity Indicator Rating1

RESPIROMETRY

Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Evolution Rate

TEST RESULTS

mg CO2-C/g solids/day:

mg CO2-C/g organic matter/day:

3.6

5.6

Terre Hill PA 17581

Loren Martin

P O Box 790 Terra-Gro Inc

Analysis Report For:

LAB ID

C12149

REPORT DATE

01/22/2020

SAMPLE ID

ProSelect Compost 012020

Copy To:

SAMPLE TYPE

Finished Compost

FEEDSTOCKS

Windrow

COMPOSTING METHOD COUNTY

< 2 Very Stable Well cured Compost No continued decomposition No odors No potential for volatile fatty acid phytotoxicity and odor

2-8 Stable Cured Compost Odor production not likely Limited potential for volatile fatty acid phytotoxicity and odor Minimal impact on soil carbon and nitrogen dynamics

8-15 Moderately Uncured compost unstable, Minimal odor production raw compost Moderate to high potential for volatile fatty acid phytotoxicity

Moderate potential for negative impact on soil carbon and nitrogen dynamics

15-40 Raw compost or Uncured Compost raw organic products Odor production likely

High potential for volatile fatty acid phytotoxicity and odor High potential for negative impact on soil carbon and soil nitrogen dynamics

> 40 Raw feedstocks, Raw, extremely unstable material unstable material Odor production expected

Probably volatile fatty acid phytotoxicity with most materials Negative impact on soil carbon and nitrogen dynamics expected Generally not recommended for use as compost

* Units in mg CO2-C/g organic matter/day

Respirometry (CO2 Evolution) provides a measurement of the relative microbial activity in a compost and, hence can be used as an estimate of compost stability. The intrepretive index below from the U.S. Compost Council Test Methods for the Examination of Composting and Compost assumes optimal conditions for microbial activity are present including temperature, mositure and nutrients and that toxic components that would inhibit microbial respiration are absent.

Result* Stability Rating General Characteristics

Results (As is Basis)

Results (Dry Weight Basis)

EPA SW 846 Method

COMPOST ANALYSIS REPORT

Analyte

Terre Hill PA 17581

Loren Martin

P O Box 790 Terra-Gro Inc

Analysis Report For: Copy To:

Lab ID Sample ID

01/22/2020

Chromium (Cr) 1.3 3.1mg/kg mg/kg 3050B + 6010C12149 ProSelect Compost 012020

PARTICLE SIZE ANALYSIS

Diameter Range millimeters

Diameter Range inches

> 2 1 - 2

5/8 - 1 3/8 - 5/8 1/8 - 3/8

< 1/8

> 50 25 - 50 16 - 25

9.5 - 16 3 - 9.5

< 3

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.71 96.29

Terre Hill PA 17581

Loren Martin

P O Box 790 Terra-Gro Inc

Analysis Report For:

LAB ID:

C12149

REPORT DATE:

01/22/2020

SAMPLE ID:

ProSelect Compost 012020

Copy To:

SAMPLE TYPE:

Finished Compost

FEEDSTOCKS

Windrow

COMPOSTING METHOD COUNTY

Analyte

Terre Hill PA 17581

Loren Martin

P O Box 790 Terra-Gro Inc

Analysis Report For: Copy To:

Result Dry Weight basis

Lab ID Sample ID

01/22/2020

Man Made Inerts1

0.00

C12149 ProSelect Compost 012020

Plastic

Metal

Glass

Total %

0.00

0.00

0.00

1Test Methods for the Examination of Composting and Compost Method 2.02 C

Baltimore

MD 21226

Product Identification

Date Sampled/Received: 29 Apr. 29 / 30 Apr. 19

Compost Parameters Reported as (units of measure) Test Results Test Results

Plant Nutrients: %, weight basis Not reported Not reported

Moisture Content %, wet weight basis

Organic Matter Content %, dry weight basis pH units

Soluble Salts (electrical conductivity EC 5 ) dS/m (mmhos/cm)

Particle Size or Sieve Size maxium aggregate size, inches

Stability Indicator (respirometry) Stability Rating:

CO2 Evolution mg CO2-C/g OM/day 1.9 mg CO2-C/g TS/day 1.1

Maturity Indicator (bioassay)

Percent Emergence average % of control

Relative Seedling Vigor average % of control

Pass Fecal coliform

Pass Salmonella

As,Cd,Cr,Cu,Pb,Hg

Mo,Ni,Se,Zn

Laboratory Group: May19A Laboratory Number: 9040884-1/1 Analyst: Assaf Sadeh

Participants in the US Composting Council’s Seal of Testing Assurance Program have shown the commitment to test their compost products on a prescribed basis and provide this data, along with compost end use instructions, as a means to better serve the needs of their compost customers.

86.7

75.4 Select Pathogens

Pass

FC 04/29- STA1106

Trace Metals PASS/FAIL: per US EPA Class A standard, 40 CFR § 503.13, Tables 1 and 3.

7.53

0.64

Very Stable www.compostlab.com

5800 Quarantine Road

Veolia Water NA Thomas Fantom

COMPOST TECHNICAL DATA SHEET

LABORATORY: Soil Control Lab; 42 Hangar Way; Watsonville, CA 95076 tel: 831.724.5422 fax: 831.724.3188

44.8

60.3

PASS/FAIL: per US EPA Class A standard, 40 CFR § 503.32(a)

Baltimore

MD 21226

Product Identification

Date Sampled/Received: 29 Apr. 29 / 30 Apr. 19

Compost Parameters Reported as (units of measure) Test Results Test Results

Plant Nutrients: %, weight basis %, wet weight basis %, dry weight basis

Nitrogen Total N 1.6 2.9

Phosphorus P2O5 3.2 5.7

Potassium K2O 0.29 0.52

Calcium Ca 1.5 2.7

Magnesium Mg 0.38 0.69

Moisture Content %, wet weight basis

Organic Matter Content %, dry weight basis pH units

Soluble Salts (electrical conductivity EC 5 ) dS/m (mmhos/cm)

Particle Size or Sieve Size % under 9.5 mm, dw basis

Stability Indicator (respirometry) Stability Rating:

CO2 Evolution mg CO2-C/g OM/day 1.9 mg CO2-C/g TS/day 1.1

Maturity Indicator (bioassay)

Percent Emergence average % of control

Relative Seedling Vigor average % of control

Pass Fecal coliform

Pass Salmonella

As,Cd,Cr,Cu,Pb,Hg

Mo,Ni,Se,Zn

Laboratory Group: May19A Laboratory Number: 9040884-1/1 Analyst: Assaf Sadeh

5800 Quarantine Road

Veolia Water NA Thomas Fantom

PASS/FAIL: per US EPA Class A standard, 40 CFR § 503.32(a)

7.53 www.compostlab.com

Pass

FC 04/29- STA1106

Trace Metals PASS/FAIL: per US EPA Class A standard, 40 CFR § 503.13, Tables 1 and 3.

Participants in the US Composting Council’s Seal of Testing Assurance Program have shown the commitment to test their compost products on a prescribed basis and provide this data, along with compost end use instructions, as a means to better serve the needs of their compost customers.

86.7

75.4 Select Pathogens

99.9

Very Stable

COMPOST TECHNICAL DATA SHEET

LABORATORY: Soil Control Lab; 42 Hangar Way; Watsonville, CA 95076 tel: 831.724.5422 fax: 831.724.3188

44.8

60.3

TEL: 831-724-5422

FAX: 831-724-3188

www.compostlab.com

Account #: 9040884-1/1-1455 Group: May19A #5

Reporting Date:

Veolia Water NA 5800 Quarantine Road Baltimore, MD 21226 Attn: Thomas Fantom

Date Received: 30 Apr. 19 Sample Identification: FC 04/29- STA1106 Sample ID #: 9040884 - 1/1 Nutrients Dry wt. As Rcvd. units Stability Indicator:

Total Nitrogen: 2.9 1.6 % CO2 Evolution Respirometery Ammonia (NH4-N): 4700 2600 mg/kg mg CO2-C/g OM/day 1.9 Nitrate (NO3-N): 300 160 mg/kg mg CO2-C/g TS/day 1.1 Org. Nitrogen (Org.-N): 2.4 1.3 % Stability Rating very stable Phosphorus (as P2O5): 5.8 3.2 % Phosphorus (P): 25000 14000 mg/kg Maturity Indicator: Cucumber Bioassay Potassium (as K2O): 0.52 0.28 % Compost:Vermiculite (v:v) 1:2 Potassium (K): 4300 2400 mg/kg Emergence (%) 87 Calcium (Ca): 2.7 1.5 % Seedling Vigor (%) 75 Magnesium (Mg): 0.69 0.38 % Description of Plants stunted Sulfate (SO4-S): 4500 2500 mg/kg Boron (Total B): 36 20 mg/kg Pathogens Results Units Rating Moisture: 0 44.8 % Fecal Coliform < 7.5 MPN/g pass Sodium (Na): 0.10 0.055 % Salmonella < 3 MPN/4g pass Chloride (Cl): 0.076 0.042 % Date Tested: 30 Apr. 19 pH Value: NA 7.53 unit Bulk Density : 17 31 lb/cu ft Physical Contaminants** % by weight Carbonates (CaCO3): 14 7.8 lb/ton Total Plastic < 0.1 Conductivity (EC5): 10 NA mmhos/cm Film Plastic < 0.1 Organic Matter: 60.3 33.3 % Glass < 0.1 Organic Carbon: 26.0 14.0 % Metal < 0.1 Ash: 39.7 21.9 % Sharps ND C/N Ratio 9.1 9.1 ratio AgIndex > 10 > 10 ratio Metals Dry wt. EPA Limit units Size Distribution Aluminum (Al): 16000 - mg/kg MM % by weight Arsenic (As): 16 41 mg/kg > 50 0.0 Cadmium (Cd): 2.9 39 mg/kg 25 to 50 0.0 Chromium (Cr): 45 - mg/kg 16 to 25 0.0 Cobalt (Co) 12 - mg/kg 9.5 to 16 0.1 Copper (Cu): 370 1500 mg/kg 6.3 to 9.5 1.8 Iron (Fe): 26000 - mg/kg 4.0 to 6.3 17.3 Lead (Pb): 54 300 mg/kg 2.0 to 4.0 29.3 Manganese (Mn): 1500 - mg/kg < 2.0 51.5 Mercury (Hg): < 1.0 17 mg/kg **Greater than 4mm in size (Sharps greater than 2mm) Molybdenum (Mo): 9.1 75 mg/kg Nickel (Ni): 24 420 mg/kg Analyst: Assaf Sadeh Selenium (Se): 3.1 100 mg/kg Zinc (Zn): 720 2800 mg/kg *Sample was received and handled in accordance with TMECC procedures.

May 16, 2019

Total < 0.5

Account No.: Date Received 30 Apr. 19 9040884 - 1/1 - 1455 Sample i.d.

Group: Sample I.d. No. 1/1 9040884

INTERPRETATION: Page one of three

Is Your Compost Stable?

Respiration Rate Biodegradation Rate of Your Pile

1.9 mg CO2-C/ g OM/day

Is Your Compost Mature?

16 Ratio

Ammonia N ppm 4700 mg/kg dry wt.

Nitrate N ppm

300 mg/kg dry wt.

pH value

7.53 units

Cucumber Emergence

86.7 percent

Is Your Compost Safe Regarding Health?

Fecal Coliform

< 1000 MPN/g dry wt.

Salmonella Less than 3 /4g dry wt.

Metals US EPA 503 Pass dry wt.

Does Your Compost Provide Nutrients or Organic Matter?

Nutrients (N+P2O5+K2O)

9.1 Percent

dry wt.

AgIndex (Nutrients / Sodium and Chloride Salts) ((N+P2O5+K2O) / (Na + Cl)) 15 Ratio

Plant Available Nitrogen (PAN) Estimated release for first season 8 lbs/ton wet wt.

C/N Ratio

9.1 Ratio

Soluble Available Nutrients & Salts (EC5 w/w dw) 10 mmhos/cm dry wt.

Lime Content (CaCO3)

14 Lbs/ton dry wt.

What are the physical properties of your compost?

Percent Ash

39.7 Percent +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

dry wt.

Sieve Size % > 6.3 MM (0.25")

1.9 Percent

dry wt.

May19A No. 5

< Nitrogen Release >|< N-Neutral >|< N-Demand>|< High Nitrogen Demand

SloRelease>|< Average Nutrient Release Rate >|<High Available Nutrients

< Low >|< Average >|< High Lime Content (as CaCO3)

< High Organic Matter >|< Average >|< High Ash Content

All Uses >|< Size May Restrict Uses for Potting mix and Golf Courses

Low Nitrogen Provider>|< Average Nitrogen Provider >|<High Nitrogen Provider

<Safe (none detected) >|< High Salmonella Count(> 3 per 4 grams)

<All Metals Pass >|< One or more Metals Fail

<Low >|< Average >|< High Nutrient Content

Na & Cl >|< Nutrient and Sodium and Chloride Provider >|< Nutrient Provider

< Immature >|< Mature >|< Immature

< Immature >|< Mature

< Safe >|< High Fecal Coliform

VeryMature>|< Mature >|< Immature

VeryMature>|< Mature >|< Immature

< Immature >|< Mature

AmmoniaN/NitrateN ratio

FC 04/29- STA1106

< Stable >|<Moderately Unstable>|< Unstable >|< High For Mulch

Account No.: Date Received

Group: Sample I.d. No. 1/1 9040884

INTERPRETATION: Page two of three

Is Your Compost Stable?

Respiration Rate

1.9 Low: Good for all uses mg CO2-C/g OM/day

The respiration rate is a measurement of the biodegradation rate of the organic matter in the sample (as received).

The respiration rate is determined by measuring the rate at which CO2 is released under optimized moisture and temperature conditions.

Is Your Compost Mature?

AmmoniaN:NitrateN ratio

16 immature Composting to stabilize carbon can occur at such a rapid rate that sometimes phytotoxins remain in the compost and must be neutralized before using in high concentrations or in high-end uses. This

Ammonia N ppm step is called curing. Typically ammonia is in excess with the break-down of organic materials resulting 4700 immature in an increase in pH. This combination results in a loss of volatile ammonia (it smells). Once this toxic

Nitrate N ppm ammonia has been reduced and the pH drops, the microbes convert the ammonia to nitrates. A low 300 mature ammonia + high nitrate score is indicative of a mature compost, however there are many exceptions.

pH value For example, a compost with a low pH (<7) will retain ammonia, while a compost with high lime content

7.53 mature can lose ammonia before the organic fraction becomes stable. Composts must first be stable before curing indicators apply.

Cucumber Bioassay

86.7 Percent Cucumbers are chosen for this test because they are salt tolerant and very sensitive to ammonia and organic acid toxicity. Therefore, we can germinate seeds in high concentrations of compost to measure phytotoxic effects without soluble salts being the limiting factor. Values above 80% for both percent emergence and vigor are indicative of a well-cured compost. Exceptions include very high salts that affect the cucumbers, excessive concentrations of nitrates and other nutrients that will be in range when formulated to make a growing media.

Is Your Compost Safe Regarding Health?

Fecal Coliform

< 1000 / g dry wt. Fecal coliforms can survive in both aerobic and anaerobic conditions and is common in all initial compost piles. Most human pathogens occur from fecal matter and all fecal matter is loaded in fecal coliforms. Therefore fecal coliforms are used as an indicator to determine if the chosen method for pathogen reduction (heat for compost) has met the requirements of sufficient temperature, time and mixing. If the fecal coliforms are reduced to below 1000 per gram dry wt. it is assumed all others pathogens are eliminated. Potential problems are that fecal coliform can regrow during the curing phase or during shipping. This is because the conditions are now more favorable for growth than during the composting process.

Salmonella Bacteria Less than 3 3 / 4g dry wt. Salmonella is not only another indicator organism but also a toxic microbe. It has been used in the case of biosolids industry to determine adequate pathogen reduction.

Metals Pass The ten heavy metals listed in the EPA 503 regulations are chosen to determine if compost can be applied to ag land and handled without toxic effects. Most high concentrations of heavy metals are derived from woodwaste feedstock such as chrome-arsenic treated or lead painted demolition wood. Biosolids are rarely a problem.

Does Your Compost Provide Nutrients or Organic Matter?

Nutrients (N+P2O5+K2O)

9.1 High nutrient content

This value is the sum of the primary nutrients Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium. Reported units are consistent with those found on fertilizer formulations. A sum greater than 5 is indicative of a compost with high nutrient content, and best used to supply nutrients to a receiving soil. A sum below 2 indicates low nutrient content, and is best-used to improve soil structure via the addition of organic matter. Most compost falls between 2 and 5.

May19A No. 5

30 Apr. 19

FC 04/29- STA1106

Account No.: Date Received

Group: Sample I.d. No. 1/1 9040884

INTERPRETATION: Page three of three

AgIndex (Nutrients/Na+Cl) 15 High nutrient ratio Composts with low AgIndex values have high concentrations of sodium and/or chloride compared to nutrients. Repeated use of a compost with a low AgIndex (< 2) may result in sodium and/or chloride acting as the limiting factor compared to nutrients, governing application rates. These composts may be used on well-draining soils and/or with salt-tolerant plants. Additional nutrients form another source may be needed if the application rate is limited by sodium or chloride. If the AgIndex is above 10, nutrients optimal for plant growth will be available without concern of sodium and/or chloride toxicity. Composts with an AgIndex of above 10 are good for increasing nutrient levels for all soils. Most composts score between 2 and 10. Concentrations of nutrients, sodium, and chloride in the receiving soil should be considered when determining compost application rates. The AgIndex is a product of feedstock quality. Feedstock from dairy manure, marine waste, industrial wastes, and halophytic plants are likely to produce a finished compost with a low AgIndex.

Plant Available Nitrogen (lbs/ton)

8 Average N Provider Plant Available Nitrogen (PAN) is calculated by estimating the release rate of Nitrogen from the organic fraction of the compost. This estimate is based on the respiration rate, ammonia, and nitrate values. Despite the PAN value of the compost, additional sources of Nitrogen may be needed during he growing season to offset the Nitrogen demand of the microbes present in the compost. With ample nutrients these microbes can further breakdown organic matter in the compost and release bound Nitrogen. Nitrogen demand based on a high C/N ratio is not considered in the PAN calculation because additional Nitrogen should always be supplemented to the receiving soil when composts with a high C/N ratio are applied.

C/N Ratio

9.1 Indicates maturity As a guiding principal, a C/N ratio below 14 indicates maturity and above 14 indicates immaturity, however, there are many exceptions. Large woodchips (>6.3mm), bark, and redwood are slow to breakdown and therefore can result in a relatively stable product while the C/N ratio value is high. Additionally, some composts with chicken manure and/or green grass feedstocks can start with a C/N ratio below 15 and are very unstable. A C/N ratio below 10 supplies Nitrogen, while a ratio above 20 can deplete Nitrogen from the soil. The rate at which Nitrogen will be released or used by the microbes is indicated by the respiration rate. If the respiration rate is too high the transfer of Nitrogen will not be controlable.

Soluble Nutrients & Salts (EC5 w/w dw - mmhos/cm)

10 High salts This value refers to all soluble ions including nutrients, sodium, chloride and some soluble organic compounds. The concentration of salts will change due to the release of salts from the organic matter as it degrades, volatilization of ammonia, decomposition of soluble organics, and conversion of molecular structure. High salts + high AgIndex is indicative of a compost high in readily available nutrients. The application rate of these composts should be limited by the optimum nutrient value based on soil analysis of the receiving soil. High Salts + low AgIndex is indicative of a compost low in nutrients with high concentrations of sodium and/or chloride. Limit the application rate according to the toxicity level of thesodium and/or chloride.

Low salts indicates that the compost can be applied without risking salt toxicity, is likely a good source of organic matter, and that nutrients will release slowly over time.

Lime Content (lbs. per ton)

14 Average lime content Compost high in lime or carbonates are often those produced from chicken manure (layers) ash materials, and lime products. These are excellent products to use on a receiving soil where lime has been recommended by soil analysis to raise the pH. Composts with a high lime content should be closely considered for pH requirements when formulating potting mixes.

Physical Properties Percent Ash

39.7 Average ash content Ash is the non-organic fraction of a compost. Most composts contain approximately 50% ash (dry weight basis). Compost can be high in ash content for many reasons including: excess minerilzation(old compost), contamination with soil base material during turning, poor quality feedstock, and soil or mineral products added. Finding the source and reducing high ash content is often the fastest means to increasing nutrient quality of a compost.

Particle Size % > 6.3 MM (0.25")

1.9 May restrict use Large particles may restrict use for potting soils, golf course topdressings, seed-starter mixes, and where a fine size distribution is required. Composts with large particles can still be used as excellent additions to field soils, shrub mixes and mulches.

Appendix:

Plant Available Nitrogen (PAN) calculations: Estimated available nutrients for use when calculating application rates PAN = (X * (organic N)) + ((NH4-N) + (NO3-N)) lbs/ton (As Rcvd.)

X value = If RR < 2 then X = 0.1

If RR =2.1 to 5 then X = 0.2 Plant Available Nitrogen (PAN) 8.2 If RR =5.1 to 10 then X = 0.3 Ammonia (NH4-N) 5.20 If RR > 10 then X = 0.4 Nitrate (NO3-N) 0.32

Note: If C/N ratio > 15 additional N should be applied. Available Phosphorus (P2O5*0.64) 40.7 RR = Respiration rate Available Potassium (K2O) 5.8

30 Apr. 19

FC 04/29- STA1106

May19A No. 5