1-Combined Confinened Space documents and Safety Plan.pdf

PROGRAM OVERVIEW

CONFINED SPACE ENTRY (PERMIT REQUIRED) SAFETY PROGRAM

REGULATORY STANDARD: OSHA - 29 CFR 1910.146

INTRODUCTION: Confined spaces may be encountered in virtually any occupation; therefore, their recognition is the first step in preventing fatalities. Many workers are injured and killed each year while working in confined spaces, an estimated 60% of the fatalities have been among the would-be rescuers.

This program is designed to assist in the establishment of the mandated requirements and to ensure that the hazards of confined spaces are evaluated, safety procedures implemented and enforced.

TRAINING:

Entrants, Team Leaders, Emergency/Rescue Team Members and Attendants require training on the hazards that will be encountered in each confined space As hazards change inside the space, additional training may be required Training may include: permit procedures, air monitoring, entry and exit procedures, emergency response, and protective equipment to be used Supervisors of entrants will be trained at least to the same level of the employees for whom they are responsible Other employees may need to be informed to maintain their distance from any confined spaces

ACTIVITIES:

Identify any confined spaces present in the work environment and clearly label them as either permit required or non-permit required spaces, and maintain a listing of these spaces

Ensure permits are established and posted and that conditions of entry have been met Prevent non-trained employees from entering the permit-required confined spaces Write and communicate policies and procedures including safe entry requirements Audit (annually) permits to ensure effectiveness of procedures Retain entry permits for at least one year beyond termination of the job or permit Identify rescue procedures, team members and responsibilities, and provide equipment necessary

(rescue, personal protective, safe lighting etc.)

FORMS:

Confined Space Atmospheric Testing Form Confined Space Entry Assessment Form Confined Space Entry Listing Form Confined Space Entry Permit

Table of Contents

1. Purpose

2. Scope

3. Responsibilities

4. Procedure

5. Safety Information

6. Training and Information

7. Definitions

Confined Space Entry (Permit Required) Safety Program

1. Purpose. This procedure relates to the necessary steps to ensure safe entry into confined spaces. NO

ENTRY SHALL BE MADE INTO A CONFINED SPACE until a Confined Space Permit is completed, all conditions have been met, and the permit is posted at the site of entry. This procedure references OSHA 29CFR1910.146. The company will establish confined space operational procedures through the use of this document. Company management will review and evaluate this safety program:

1.1 On an annual basis, and more frequently as needed or required

1.2 When changes occur to 29 CFR 1910.146 that prompt revision of this document

1.3 When facility operational changes occur that require a revision of this document

2. Scope. This program applies to all confined spaces at the company or to which company employees are exposed. There are two types of confined spaces, permit-required spaces and standard or regular confined spaces that do not require permits (called ‘confined spaces’).

2.1 A confined space must meet all the following criteria:

2.1.1 It is large enough and so configured that an employee can bodily enter and perform assigned work.

2.1.2 Has limited or restricted means for entry or exit (for example, tanks, vessels, silos, storage bins, hoppers, vaults, and pits are spaces that may have limited means of entry.)

2.1.3 Is not designed for continuous employee occupancy.

2.2 A permit required confined space includes the features of a space that does not require a permit and one or more of the following:

2.2.1 Contains or has a potential to contain a hazardous atmosphere.

2.2.2 Has an internal configuration such that an entrant could be trapped or asphyxiated by inwardly converging walls or by a floor which slopes downward and tapers to a smaller cross-section.

2.2.3 Contains any other recognized serious safety or health hazard.

3. Responsibilities.

3.1 Management/Supervisors:

3.1.1 Identify all Confined Space Locations and entry requirements. Maintain a listing of all permanent confined spaces in the facility, their associated hazards, and the protective measures required for entry.

3.1.2 Restrict access to these spaces through confined space training, signage, restricted physical access, or through any combination therein. Take effective measures to prevent non-trained employees from entering the permit-required confined spaces.

3.1.3 Develop safe entry requirements for all confined spaces to ensure the safety and health of all entrants, (accounting for issues such as: atmospheric testing, isolation of energy sources, provision for PPE, rescue plans, communication, etc.)

3.1.4 Complete the permit, including the entry requirements, for all employees and contractors involved in any permit-required confined space entry (e.g. operating department supervisor, entry team leader, entry team members)

3.1.5 Designate an Entry Team Leader

3.1.6 Train all persons involved in confined space entry to their level of involvement. Training includes: understanding of the duties and requirements of safe entry, the hazards they may encounter and the necessary precautions to eliminate or control those hazards, permit requirements and extraction/rescue equipment.

3.1.6.1 Ensure that all team members required to wear respiratory protection are fit tested and properly trained.

3.1.6.2 Ensure all entry team members have completed Confined Space Entry Training. Other training such as respiratory protection or LOTO may be required as well.

3.1.7 Become thoroughly familiar with ALL hazards associated with the confined space entry.

3.1.8 Sign all Confined Space Entry Permits.

3.1.9 Audit (annually) permits to ensure effectiveness of procedures.

3.1.10 Retain entry permits for at least one year beyond termination of the job or permit.

3.1.11 Ensure this written safety program is available for inspection by employees, their authorized representatives, and authorized government inspectors.

3.1.12 Ensure communication with contractors.

3.1.12.1 Inform the contractor that the workplace contains permit spaces and that permit space entry is allowed only through compliance with a permit space safety program meeting the requirements of this safety program.

3.1.12.2 Apprise the contractor of the elements, including the hazards identified and the host employer's experience with the space, that make the space in question a permit space.

3.1.12.3 Apprise the contractor of any precautions or procedures that the company has implemented for the protection of employees in or near permit spaces where contractor personnel will be working.

3.1.12.4 Coordinate entry operations with the contractor, when both company personnel and contractor personnel will be working in or near permit spaces.

3.1.12.5 Debrief the contractor at the conclusion of the entry operation regarding the permit space safety program, and any hazards confronted or created in the concerned permit spaces during entry operations

3.2 Employees:

3.2.1 Maintain safe distances from confined spaces, unless authorized to enter them.

3.3 Safety Officer:

3.3.1 Assist in the development and implementation of this program, as needed or required.

3.4 Entry Team Leader:

3.4.1 Assist in the planning of confined space entries. Know the hazards that may be faced during entry, including information on the mode, signs or symptoms, and consequences of the exposure.

3.4.2 In conjunction with management, contractors and other qualified personnel, determine appropriate PPE to be worn by entrants.

3.4.3 Verify that the appropriate information has been entered on the permit, that all tests specified by the permit have been conducted by qualified persons and that all procedures and protective equipment specified by the permit are in place and at the site before endorsing the permit and allowing entry to begin.

3.4.4 Terminate the entry and cancel the permit as required.

3.4.5 Verify that rescue services are available and that the means for summoning them are operable.

3.4.6 Ensure removal of unauthorized individuals who enter or who attempt to enter the permit space during entry operations.

3.4.7 Whenever responsibility for a permit space entry operation is transferred and at intervals dictated by the hazards and operations performed within the space, determine that entry operations remain consistent with the terms of the entry permit and that acceptable entry conditions are maintained.

3.4.8 Perform field checks to ensure prescribed entry procedures and PPE requirements have been met.

3.4.9 Stop work if conditions are considered unsafe and immediately initiate evacuation of the Confined Space.

3.4.10 Remain at confined space site at all times during occupancy.

3.4.11 A site specific Confined Space Pre-Entry Check List must be completed by the Entry

Team Leader before entry into a confined space.

3.4.12 Sign Entry Permit and ensure procedures specific to the permit are understood and followed, and that entrant training is completed prior to allowing entry to begin.

3.5 Entry Team Members:

3.5.1 Know the hazards that may be faced during entry, including information on the mode, signs or symptoms, and consequences of the exposure, and the protective measures to be taken to prevent exposure to hazards.

3.5.2 Properly use protective equipment, including full body harness, as required.

3.5.3 Communicate with attendant as necessary to ensure that if contact is lost, all entrants exit the confined space immediately.

3.5.4 Alert the attendant whenever:

3.5.4.1 The entrant recognizes any warning sign or symptom of exposure to a dangerous situation.

3.5.4.2 The entrant detects a prohibited condition.

3.5.5 Exit from the permit space as quickly as possible whenever:

3.5.5.1 An order to evacuate is given by the attendant or the entry team leader.

3.5.5.2 The entrant recognizes any warning sign or symptom of exposure to a dangerous situation.

3.5.5.3 The entrant detects a prohibited condition.

3.5.5.4 An evacuation alarm is activated.

3.5.6 Understand and follow site emergency procedures associated with rescue.

3.5.7 If any member believes that the work is not being performed safely or that a potential hazard exists, that member shall stop the job, exit with other entrants, and immediately inform your supervisor.

3.5.8 Must read, understand, and follow the requirements of the permits and sign the permit to indicate understanding

3.6 Attendants:

3.6.1 Know the hazards that may be faced during entry, including information on the mode, signs or symptoms, and consequences of the exposure.

3.6.2 Be aware of possible behavioral effects of hazard exposure in authorized entrants.

3.6.3 Conduct continuous atmospheric monitoring if required. (Additional training may be needed.)

3.6.4 Continuously maintain an accurate count of authorized entrants in the permit space and ensures that the means used to identify authorized entrants under this section accurately identifies who is in the permit space.

3.6.5 Remain in a pre-designated location outside the permit space during entry operations until relieved by another attendant.

3.6.5.1 Note: When the Confined Space Entry Safety Program allows attendant entry for rescue, attendants may enter a permit space to attempt a rescue if they have been trained and equipped for rescue operations as required by the "rescue and emergency services" section of this program and if they have been relieved from attendant duty.

3.6.6 Communicate with authorized entrants as necessary to monitor entrant status and to alert entrants of the need to evacuate the space. If contact is lost, all entrants must exit the confined space immediately.

3.6.7 Monitor activities inside and outside the space to determine if it is safe for entrants to remain in the space, as well as the activities outside the confined space to maintain a safe environment for the entrants.

3.6.8 Order the authorized entrants to evacuate the permit space immediately under any of the following conditions.

3.6.8.1 If the attendant detects a prohibited condition.

3.6.8.2 If the attendant detects the behavioral effects of hazard exposure in an entrant.

3.6.8.3 If the attendant detects a situation outside the space that could endanger the entrants.

3.6.8.4 If the attendant cannot effectively and safely perform all the duties required under this section.

3.6.9 Summon rescue and other emergency services as soon as the attendant determines that entrants may need assistance to escape from permit space hazards. Be familiar with location of nearest phone, fire alarm, eyewash and safety shower, or other defined criteria on the permit check list.

3.6.10 Take the following actions when unauthorized persons approach or enter a permit space while entry is underway:

3.6.10.1 Warn the unauthorized persons that they must stay away from the permit space.

3.6.10.2 Advise the unauthorized persons that they must exit immediately if they have entered the permit space.

3.6.10.3 Inform the authorized entrants and the entry team leader if unauthorized persons have entered the permit space.

3.6.11 Performs non-entry rescues as specified by the rescue procedure.

3.6.12 Performs no duties that might interfere with the attendant's primary duty to monitor and protect the entrants.

3.6.13 Remain present at all times during entry by any team members.

3.6.14 Assist, as appropriate, with safe non-entry rescues.

3.6.15 Signs confined space permit.

3.7 Emergency/Rescue Team Members:

3.7.1 Ensure that each member of the rescue service is provided with, and is trained to use properly, the personal protective equipment and rescue equipment necessary for making rescues from permit spaces.

3.7.2 Each member of the rescue service will be trained to perform the assigned rescue duties, including first aid and CPR. Each member of the rescue service will also receive the training required of authorized entrants.

3.7.3 Each member of the rescue service will practice making permit space rescues at least once every 12 months, by means of simulated rescue operations in which they remove dummies, mannequins, or actual persons from the actual permit spaces or from representative permit spaces. Representative permit spaces will, with respect to opening size, configuration, and accessibility, simulate the types of permit spaces from which any anticipated rescue is to be performed.

3.7.4 Each member of the rescue service will be trained in basic first-aid and in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). At least one member of the rescue service holding current certification in first aid and in CPR will be available.

3.7.5 Non-company rescue personnel. When non-company rescue personnel are designated to perform permit space rescue, the company will:

3.7.5.1 Inform the rescue service of the hazards they may confront when called on to perform rescue.

3.7.5.2 Provide the rescue service with access to all permit spaces from which rescue may be necessary so that the rescue service can develop appropriate rescue plans and practice rescue operations.

3.7.6 To facilitate non-entry rescue, retrieval systems or methods will be used whenever an entrant enters a permit space, unless the retrieval equipment would increase the overall risk of entry or would not contribute to the rescue of the entrant. Retrieval systems used will meet the following requirements.

3.7.6.1 Each authorized entrant will use a chest or full body harness, with a retrieval line attached at the center of the entrant's back near shoulder level, or above the entrant's head. Wristlets may be used in lieu of the chest or full body harness if it is demonstrated that the use of a chest or full body harness is infeasible or creates a greater hazard and that the use of wristlets is the safest and most effective alternative.

3.7.6.2 The other end of the retrieval line will be attached to a mechanical device

(such as w winch, block and tackle or similar device for retrieval that is capable of being operated by manpower) or fixed point outside the permit space in such a manner that rescue can begin as soon as the rescuer becomes aware that rescue is necessary. A mechanical device will be available to retrieve personnel from vertical type permit spaces more than 5 feet deep.

3.7.7 If an injured entrant is exposed to a substance for which a Material Safety Data Sheet

(MSDS) or other similar written information is required to be kept at the worksite, that MSDS or written information will be made available to the medical facility treating the exposed entrant.

3.8 Contractors:

3.8.1 Obtain any available information regarding permit space hazards and entry operations from the company.

3.8.2 Coordinate entry operations with company management, when both company personnel and contractor personnel will be working in or near permit spaces.

3.8.3 Inform the company of the permit space safety program that the contractor will follow and of any hazards confronted or created in permit spaces within this facility or others belonging to the company, either through a debriefing or during the entry operation.

3.8.4 Be required to comply with the "Contractors Safety Program" or other safety work practices document(s) and any designated contractual agreements.

4. Procedure.

4.1 Confined Space Identification:

4.1.1 Confined Space listing. Company management, or their specific designee, will maintain a detailed listing that identifies permanent locations meeting the criteria for a confined

4.1.2 Permit-required confined spaces. Those spaces meeting the criteria of a confined space and having a known potential to contain hazardous atmospheres will be designated as permit-required confined spaces. All spaces will be considered permit-required confined spaces until the pre-entry procedures demonstrate otherwise. The company will inform exposed employees, by posting danger signs, conducting awareness training, or by any other equally effective means, of the existence and location of and the danger posed by the permit confined spaces. A sign reading "DANGER PERMIT REQUIRED CONFINED SPACE, DO NOT ENTER" or similar language will be used to satisfy the requirement for a sign.

4.1.3 Confined Space (standard space for which a permit is not required) Those spaces meeting the criteria of a confined space that does not have a known potential to contain a hazardous atmosphere will be designated as confined spaces.

4.1.3.1 Confined spaces will be designated where the atmosphere and safety conditions can be controlled. Confined spaces may be entered without the need for a written permit or attendant provided that:

4.1.3.1.1 The space is determined not to be a permit-required confined

4.1.3.1.2 The space can be maintained in a safe condition for entry by mechanical ventilation alone.

4.1.3.2 All spaces will be considered permit-required confined spaces until the pre-entry procedures demonstrate otherwise. The company will ensure that any employee required or permitted to pre-check or enter a confined space will have successfully completed the appropriate training. A written copy of operating and rescue procedures will be at the work site for the duration of the job. A site specific Confined Space Pre-Entry Check List completed by the Entry Team Leader will verify completion of the items required to verify safe entry. This check list will be kept at the job site for the duration of the job. If circumstances dictate an interruption in the work, the permit-required confined space must be re-evaluated and a new check list must be completed.

4.1.3.3 The elements of the permit required confined space safety program need not be complied with if:

4.1.3.3.1 It can be demonstrated that the only hazard posed by the permitted space is an actual or potentially hazardous atmosphere.

4.1.3.3.2 It can be demonstrated that continuous forced air ventilation alone is sufficient to maintain the space safe for entry.

4.1.3.3.3 Monitoring and inspection data supports the demonstrations.

4.1.3.4 If an initial entry of the permit space is necessary to obtain monitoring and inspection data, the worst case will be assumed and the full provisions of permit-required confined space entry procedures will be implemented.

4.1.3.5 Entry can be performed by company personnel, once determinations and supporting data are documented, and are made available to each employee who enters the permit space.

4.1.4 Alternate Procedures - Controlling the hazards in a space to eliminate the need for a permit (after all other hazards within the space have been eliminated). No company personnel will enter the confined space unless:

4.1.4.1 Conditions making it unsafe to remove an entrance cover are eliminated before the cover is removed.

4.1.4.2 The opening at entrance covers are guarded by a railing, temporary cover, or other temporary barrier that will prevent accidental fall-through and will protect each employee working in the space from foreign objects entering the

4.1.4.3 The internal atmosphere has been tested, with a calibrated direct-reading instrument, for the following conditions in the order given:

4.1.4.3.1 Oxygen content. (19.5% - 23.5%) OSHA Mandated

4.1.4.3.2 Flammable gases and vapors. OSHA Mandated

4.1.4.3.3 Potential toxic air contaminants. OSHA Mandated

4.1.4.3.4 Airborne combustible dusts Site Specific

4.1.4.4 There may be no hazardous atmosphere within the space whenever any employee is inside the space.

4.1.4.5 Continuous forced air ventilation will be used, as follows:

4.1.4.5.1 No employee may enter the space until testing confirms that the forced air ventilation has eliminated any hazardous atmosphere.

4.1.4.5.2 The forced air ventilation will be so directed as to ventilate the immediate areas where an employee is or will be present within the space and will continue until all employees have left the space.

4.1.4.5.3 The air supply for the forced air ventilation will be from a clean source and may not increase the hazards in the space.

4.1.4.5.4 The atmosphere within the space will be periodically tested as necessary to ensure that the continuous forced air ventilation is preventing the accumulation of a hazardous atmosphere.

4.1.4.5.5 If a hazardous atmosphere is detected during entry:

4.1.4.5.5.1 All employees will evacuate.

4.1.4.5.5.2 The space will be evaluated to determine how

the hazardous atmosphere developed.

4.1.4.5.5.3 Measures will be implemented to protect

employees from the hazardous atmosphere before any subsequent entry takes place.

4.1.5 Permit Required Confined Space Verification. The entry team leader will verify that the space is safe for entry and that the measures required by a written permit are accomplished. This written permit will contain as a minimum; the date, the location of the space, and the signature of the person providing the verification. The verification will be made before entry and will be made available to each employee entering the space.

4.1.6 Confined Space Reevaluation. When there are changes in the use or configuration of a confined space that might increase the hazards to entrants, company management or their designee will reevaluate that space and, if necessary, reclassify it as a permit-required confined space.

4.1.7 Permit Required to Confined Space Reclassification. A space classified as a permit-required confined space will be reclassified as a confined space under the following conditions:

4.1.7.1 If the permit space poses no actual or potential atmospheric hazards and if all hazards within the space are eliminated without entry into the space, the permit space may be reclassified as a confined space for as long as the non-atmospheric hazards remain eliminated.

4.1.7.2 If it is necessary to enter the permit space to eliminate hazards, such entry will be performed under the assumption that a hazard exists. If testing and inspection during that entry demonstrate that the hazards within the permit space have been eliminated, the permit space may be reclassified as confined space for as long as the hazards remain eliminated.

Note: Control of atmospheric hazards through forced air ventilation alone does not constitute elimination of the hazards. Periodic monitoring will be conducted to ensure forced air ventilation maintains a safe worker environment for reclassification to a confined space.

4.1.7.3 It will be documented that all hazards in a permit space have been eliminated, through a permit that contains as a minimum; the date, the location of the space, and the signature of the person making the determination. The permit will be made available to each employee entering the space.

4.1.7.4 If hazards arise within a permit space that has been declassified to a confined space, each employee in the space will immediately exit the space and the supervisor will be notified. Company management or their designee will then reevaluate the space and determine whether it must be reclassified as a permit space, in accordance with other applicable provisions of this safety program.

4.2 Permit-Required Confined Space Safety Program:

4.2.1 General. Under the permit-required confined space safety program the company will:

4.2.1.1 Implement the measures necessary to prevent unauthorized entry.

4.2.1.2 Identify and evaluate the hazards of permit spaces before employees enter them.

4.2.1.3 Develop and implement the means, procedures, and practices necessary for safe permit space entry operations, including, but not limited to, the following:

4.2.1.3.1 Specifying acceptable entry conditions.

4.2.1.3.2 Isolating the permit space.

4.2.1.3.3 Purging, inerting, flushing, or ventilating the permit space as necessary to eliminate or control atmospheric hazards.

4.2.1.3.4 Provide pedestrian, vehicle, or other barriers as necessary to protect entrants from external hazards.

4.2.1.3.5 Verify that conditions in the permit space are acceptable for entry throughout the duration of an authorized entry.

4.2.1.3.6 Develop and utilize checklists based on this safety program and 29 CFR 1910.146.

4.2.1.4 Provide the following equipment at no cost to employees, maintain that equipment properly, and ensure that employees are train in the proper use of the equipment:

4.2.1.4.1 Testing and monitoring equipment needed to determine if hazardous conditions exist or to verify that they do not exist.

4.2.1.4.2 Ventilating equipment needed to obtain acceptable air quality entry conditions.

4.2.1.4.3 Communications equipment necessary for communication between personnel involved in the entry operation.

4.2.1.4.4 Personal protective equipment insofar as feasible. (Where engineering and work practice controls do not adequately protect employees).

4.2.1.4.5 Lighting equipment needed to enable employees to see well enough to work safely and to exit the space quickly in an emergency.

4.2.1.4.6 Barriers and shields to protect workers from pedestrian and vehicular traffic.

4.2.1.4.7 Ladders, needed for safe ingress and egress by authorized entrants.

4.2.1.4.8 Rescue, Retrieval, and Emergency equipment needed to extract or treat injured personnel, except to the extent that the equipment and/or service is provided by rescue services that are immediately available.

4.2.1.4.9 Any other equipment necessary for safe entry into and rescue from permitted spaces at our facility.

4.2.1.4.10 Principal equipment needed to conduct confined space operations. The below listed intrinsically safe equipment as a minimum will be maintained (where required) for confined space operations:

4.2.1.4.10.1 Multi-gas monitors

4.2.1.4.10.2 Ventilation Equipment

4.2.1.4.10.3 Rescue tripod/davit arm and winch system

4.2.1.4.10.4 Body harness

4.2.1.4.10.5 Extraction cable and lanyards

4.2.1.4.10.6 Air Compressors (as required)

4.2.1.4.10.7 Supplied Air respirators (as required)

4.2.1.4.10.8 Air purifying respirators (as required)

4.2.1.4.10.9 SCBA equipment (as required)

4.2.1.4.10.10 Emergency escape breathing app. (as required)

4.2.1.4.10.11 Radio communication system (as required)

4.2.1.4.10.12 Signage (as required)

4.2.1.4.10.13 Lock-out/Tag-out Equipment (as required)

4.2.1.4.10.14 Intrinsically safe lighting equipment

4.2.1.4.10.15 Personal protective clothing

4.2.1.4.10.16 Hearing protection equipment

4.2.1.4.10.17 Head protection equipment

4.2.1.4.10.18 Eye Protection equipment

4.2.1.4.10.19 First Aid kits

4.2.1.4.10.20 Time keeping equipment

4.2.1.4.10.21 Hand tools

4.2.1.4.10.22 Escape ladders for depths of four feet or

shoulder height

4.2.2 Evaluation of Permitted Space Conditions. The company will evaluate permit space conditions as follows when entry operations are conducted:

4.2.2.1 Test conditions in the permit space to determine if acceptable entry conditions exist before entry is authorized to begin, except that, if isolation of the space is infeasible because the space is large or is part of a continuous system (such as a sewer), pre-entry testing will be performed to the extent feasible before entry is authorized and, if entry is authorized, entry conditions will be continuously monitored in the areas where authorized entrants are working.

4.2.2.2 Test or monitor the permit space as necessary to determine if acceptable entry conditions are being maintained during the course of entry operations.

4.2.2.3 hen testing for atmospheric hazards, use the following protocol; first for oxygen, then for combustible gases and vapors, and then for toxic gases and vapors.

4.2.2.3.1 Atmospheric testing conducted per section 5 of this program or

Appendix B to 29 CFR 1910.146 will be used to satisfy this requirement.

4.2.2.4 Attendants may be assigned to monitor more than one permit space provided their duties can be effectively performed for each permit space that is monitored. Likewise, attendants may be stationed at any location outside the permit space as long as their duties can be effectively performed for each permit space that is monitored.

4.2.2.4.1 If multiple spaces are monitored by a single attendant, the permit will be annotated to provide the means and procedures by which the attendant is to respond to an emergency affecting one or more of the permit spaces being monitored.

4.2.2.4.2 When a confined space entry is to take place, as part of the preplanning process, the persons who are to have active roles in the entry operation will be designated in advance.

Additionally the duties of each such employee will be identified, and provided with the required training.

4.2.3 Procedures must be developed for the following:

4.2.3.1 Summoning rescue and emergency services

4.2.3.2 Rescuing entrants from permit spaces

4.2.3.3 Providing necessary emergency services for rescue

4.2.3.4 Preventing unauthorized personnel from attempting a rescue

4.2.4 Permits. Development and implementation for the preparation, issuance, use, and cancellation of entry permits will be as follows:

4.2.4.1 When employees of contractor personnel or non-company employees are working simultaneously as authorized entrants in a permit space, the verifying official of the permit (or pre-designated representative) will ensure that all parties concerned are aware of the accepted entry procedures for the specific operation. This will ensure entry operations are properly coordinated.

4.2.4.2 The verifying official of the permit (or pre-designated representative) will ensure that all parties concerned are aware of the accepted procedures necessary for concluding the entry after entry operations have been completed (such as closing off a permit space and canceling the permit).

4.2.4.3 The company will immediately review and as necessary halt and revise entry operations when there is reason to believe that the measures taken under the permit space safety program may not protect employees. The focus will be directed at the correction of deficiencies found to exist before subsequent entries are authorized. Examples of circumstances requiring the review of the permit-required confined space safety program are as a minimum:

4.2.4.3.1 Any unauthorized entry of a permit space.

4.2.4.3.2 The detection of a permit space hazard not covered by the permit.

4.2.4.3.3 The detection of a condition prohibited by the permit.

4.2.4.3.4 The occurrence of an injury or near-miss during entry.

4.2.4.3.5 A change in the use or configuration of a permit space.

4.2.4.3.6 Employee complaints about the effectiveness of the safety program.

4.2.4.3.7 Employee or their representatives are entitled to request additional monitoring at any time.

4.2.4.4 Review of the permit-required confined space safety program, using the canceled permits retained will be accomplished within 1 year after each entry and the safety program revised as necessary, to ensure that employees participating in entry operations are protected from permit space hazards.

4.2.4.4.1 Single annual reviews covering all entries performed during a

12-month period will be accomplished. If no entry is performed during a 12-month period, no review is necessary.

4.3 Permit System:

4.3.1 Before entry is authorized, documents will be completed that include the following measures:

4.3.1.1 Specifying acceptable entry conditions.

4.3.1.2 Isolating the permit space.

4.3.1.3 Purging, inerting, flushing, or ventilating the permit space as necessary to eliminate or control atmospheric hazards.

4.3.1.4 Provide pedestrian, vehicle, or other barriers as necessary to protect entrants from external hazards.

4.3.1.5 Verify that conditions in the permit space are acceptable for entry throughout the duration of an authorized entry.

4.3.1.6 Develop and utilize checklists based on this safety program and 29 CFR

1910.146.

4.3.1.7 Phoenix Pumps Inc. does not work in confined spaces where IDLH conditions are present.

4.3.2 Before entry begins, the entry team leader identified on the permit will sign the entry permit to authorize entry.

4.3.3 The completed permit will be made available at the time of entry to all authorized entrants, by posting it at the entry portal or by any other equally effective means so that the entrants can confirm that pre-entry preparations have been completed.

4.3.4 The duration of the permit may not exceed the time required to complete the assigned task or job identified on the permit.

4.3.5 The entry team leader will terminate entry and cancel the entry permit when:

4.3.5.1 The entry operations covered by the entry permit have been completed.

4.3.5.2 A condition that is not allowed under the entry permit arises in or near the permit space.

4.3.6 Each canceled entry permit will be retained for at least 1 year after its termination or cancellation to facilitate the review of the permit-required confined space safety program.

Any problems encountered during an entry operation will be noted on the pertinent permit so that appropriate revisions to the permit space safety program can be made.

4.4 Entry Permit. The company will develop or use a standardized entry permit form that documents compliance with this section and authorizes entry to a permit space. As a minimum the permit in use will identify the following:

4.4.1 The permit space to be entered.

4.4.2 The purpose of the entry.

4.4.3 The date and the authorized duration of the entry permit.

4.4.4 The authorized entrants within the permit space, by name or by such other means (for example, through the use of rosters or tracking systems) as will enable the attendant to determine quickly and accurately, for the duration of the permit, which authorized entrants are inside the permit space. If a tracking system is used for certain entries this requirement may be met by inserting a reference on the entry permit as to the means used, such as a roster or tracking system, to keep track of the authorized entrants within the permit space.

4.4.5 The personnel, by name, currently serving as attendants.

4.4.6 The individual, by name, currently serving as entry team leader, with a space for the signature or initials of the entry team leader who originally authorized entry.

4.4.7 The hazards of the permit space to be entered.

4.4.8 The measures used to isolate the permit space and to eliminate or control permit space hazards before entry. Such as; the lockout or tagging of equipment and procedures for purging, inerting, ventilating, and flushing permit spaces.

4.4.9 The acceptable entry conditions.

4.4.10 The results of initial and periodic atmospheric tests performed, accompanied by the names or initials of the testers and by an indication of when the tests were performed.

4.4.11 The rescue and emergency services that can be summoned and the means (such as the equipment to use and the numbers to call) for summoning those services.

4.4.12 The communication procedures used by authorized entrants and attendants to maintain contact during the entry.

4.4.13 Equipment, such as personal protective equipment, testing equipment, communications equipment, alarm systems, and rescue equipment, to be provided for compliance with the permit requirement.

4.4.14 Any other information whose inclusion is necessary, given the circumstances of the particular confined space, in order to ensure employee safety.

4.4.15 Any additional permits, such as for hot work, that have been issued to authorize work in the permit space.

4.4.16 Training so that all employees acquire the understanding, knowledge, and skills necessary for the safe performance of the duties assigned.

5. Safety Information.

5.1 Procedures for Atmospheric Testing. Atmospheric testing for confined space entry is required for two distinct purposes: Evaluation of the hazards of the permit space and verification that acceptable entry conditions for entry into that space exists.

5.1.1 Evaluation testing. The company will ensure that the atmosphere of a confined space is analyzed using equipment of sufficient sensitivity and specificity to identify and evaluate any hazardous atmospheres that may exist or arise. This is required to ensure that appropriate permit entry procedures specific to the operation can be developed and acceptable entry conditions stipulated for that specific space. Evaluation and interpretation of these data, and development of the entry procedure, will be done by, or reviewed by, a technically qualified professional (e.g., OSHA consultation service, or certified industrial hygienist, registered safety engineer, certified safety professional, certified marine engineer, etc.) based on evaluation of all serious hazards. The internal atmosphere will be tested, with a calibrated direct-reading instrument, for the following conditions in the order given:

5.1.1.1 Oxygen content. (19.5% - 23.5% is required, any percentage less or more requires action to be taken) OSHA Mandated

5.1.1.2 Flammable gases and vapors in excess of 10% of the lower flammable limit.

OSHA Mandated

5.1.1.3 Potential toxic air contaminants in excess of 10% of the lower flammable limit. OSHA Mandated

5.1.1.4 Airborne combustible dusts at concentrations that exceed the lower flammable limit (for example: dust obscures vision at a distance of 5 feet or less) Site or Substance Specific

5.1.2 Verification testing. The atmosphere of a permit space which may contain a hazardous atmosphere will be tested for residues of all contaminants identified by evaluation testing using permit specified equipment to determine that residual concentrations at the time of testing and entry are within the range of acceptable entry conditions. Results of testing (i.e., actual concentration, etc.) will be recorded on the permit in the space provided adjacent to the stipulated acceptable entry condition. The atmosphere will be verified, with a calibrated direct-reading instrument, for the following conditions in the order given:

5.1.2.1 Oxygen content. (19.5% - 23.5%) OSHA Mandated

5.1.2.2 Flammable gases and vapors. OSHA Mandated

5.1.2.3 Potential toxic air contaminants. OSHA Mandated

5.1.2.4 Airborne combustible dusts Site Specific

5.2 Duration of testing. Measurement of values for each atmospheric parameter will be made for at least the minimum response time of the test instrument specified by the manufacturer.

5.3 Testing stratified atmospheres. When monitoring for entries involving a descent into atmospheres that may be stratified, the atmospheric envelope will be tested a distance of approximately 4 feet (1.22 m) in the direction of travel and to each side. If a sampling probe is used, the entrant's rate of progress will be slowed to accommodate the sampling speed and detector response. The stratified atmosphere will be tested, with a calibrated direct-reading instrument, for the following conditions in the order given:

5.3.1 Oxygen content. (19.5% - 23.5%) OSHA Mandated

5.3.2 Flammable gases and vapors. OSHA Mandated

5.3.3 Potential toxic air contaminants. OSHA Mandated

5.3.4 Airborne combustible dusts. Site Specific

6. Training and Information.

6.1 The company will develop a standardized training format to meet the requirement for a safe confined space entry.

6.2 Training will be provided to each affected employee:

6.2.1 Before the employee is first assigned duties that require a confined space entry.

6.2.2 Before there is a change in assigned duties.

6.2.3 Whenever there is a change in permit space operations that presents a hazard about which an employee has not previously been trained.

6.2.4 Whenever company management or its employees have reason to believe that there are deviations from the permit space entry procedures required by this instruction or inadequacies in the employee's knowledge or use of these procedures.

6.3 The training will establish employee proficiency in the duties required by this instruction and will introduce new or revised procedures, as necessary, for compliance with this instruction or when future revisions occur.

6.4 The company will verify that the training required by this section has been accomplished. The documentation will contain each employee's name, the signatures or initials of the trainers, and the dates of training. The documentation will be available for inspection by employees and their authorized representatives.

7. Definitions.

Confined Space - There are two types of confined spaces, non-permit required and permit required.

A non-permit required confined space must meet all the following criteria:

o It is large enough and so configured that an employee can bodily enter and perform assigned work.

o Has limited or restricted means for entry or exit (for example, tanks, vessels, silos, storage bins, hoppers, vaults, and pits are spaces that may have limited means of entry.)

o Is not designed for continuous employee occupancy.

A permit required confined space includes the features of non-permit required spaces and one or more of the following:

o Contains or has a potential to contain a hazardous atmosphere.

o Has an internal configuration such that an entrant could be trapped or asphyxiated by inwardly converging walls or by a floor which slopes downward and tapers to a smaller cross-section.

o Contains any other recognized serious safety or health hazard.

Confined Space Entry - the act of physically entering the space for work activity. Entry begins when any part of the entrant's body breaks the plane of the opening to a confined space with the intent of entry into the confined space or when the possibility of falling into the confined space exists.

Confined Space Entry Team - All persons entering a confined space, the outside attendants (outside observer and/or outside assistant), and the entry team leader.

Confined Space Entry Permit - A permit document designed to outline necessary safety procedures and equipment required for safe entry into designated confined spaces. The type of permit required is dependent upon the hazards present in the confined space:

Confined Space - A space which meets any of the criteria for the definition of a confined space, EXCEPT that it does NOT contain, nor has the potential to contain, atmospheric hazards such as flammable or combustible liquids or vapors, hazardous chemicals, toxic gases, oxygen enriched or deficient atmospheres or which does NOT require atmospheric testing, respiratory protection, chemical protective clothing, or specialized permits such as Open Flame or Asbestos Work.

Permit Required Confined Space - A confined space which contains, or has the potential to contain, atmospheric hazards such as flammable or combustible liquids or vapors, hazardous chemicals, toxic gases, oxygen enriched or deficient atmospheres or a space which requires atmospheric testing, respiratory protection, chemical protective clothing, or specialized permits such as Open Flame or Asbestos Work.

Confined Space Entry Permit FORM Rev. [02/09]

CONFINED SPACE ENTRY PERMIT

Permit Number: Site:

Permit Validity Period:

Date Time:

From: To: From: To:

Confined space identification code (if identified):

Notes:

AUTHORIZED PERSONNEL

Workers Authorized Entry Attendants and Shift Attendants and Shift for Fire Watch (hot work)

KNOWN HAZARDS

Initials (indicate specific hazards with initials)

Oxygen deficiency (less than 19.5%) Oxygen enrichment (more than 23.5%) Flammable gases or vapors (more than 10% of LEL) Airborne combustible dust (meets or exceeds LFL) Toxic gases or vapors (more than PEL) Mechanical hazards Electrical hazards Engulfment hazards Materials harmful to skin

EMPLOYEE TRAINING AND PRE-ENTRY BRIEFING

Safe Entry and Rescue Training Conducted on:

Mandatory Pre-Entry Briefing Conducted on:

Does this job require any special training: Yes No

If yes, type of training required:

Trainer Name: Signature:

CONTRACTOR NOTIFICATION

Contractor Notified of: Permit Conditions: Yes No Potential Hazards: Yes No

COMMUNICATION

Intrinsically Safe? Yes No Visually Inspected? Yes No

LIGHTING REQUIREMENTS

SPECIAL TOOLS/EQUIPMENT

SITE PREPARATION REQUIREMENTS

Work area isolated with signs and or barriers? Yes No All energy sources locked/tagged out? Yes No All input lines capped/blinded? Yes No If vessel; drained, flushed, neutralized, cleaned, and purged? Yes No Ventilation initiated 30 min. before entry? Yes No Fire extinguishers on hand? Yes No Fall hazards considered and prepared for? Yes No Engulfment hazards considered and prepared for? Yes No

PRE-ENTRY ATMOSPHERIC TESTING

Tester: Name: Signature:

Title: Date: Time: am pm

INITIAL TESTING DATA

Testing Instrument Last Time Time Action Levels

Requirement Reading (Pencil)

Taken (Pencil) Interval Level Unit

Oxygen content %O2 Flammable concentration <10%LEL

H2S <10PPM

Cl2 <0.5PPM

CO <35PPM

SO2 <2PPM

Toxic concentration PPM

(TLV=_____)

Heat stress Test for

EMERGENCY/RESCUE PROCEDURES

Location of written Emergency/Rescue Plan:

Type of Emergency/Rescue Team required:

On-site: Yes No Contact: Phone:

Off-site: Yes No Contact: Phone:

Additional Information

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT REQUIRED

Air purifying respirator? Type: Yes No Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus Required? Yes No Atmospheric Monitor Required? Yes No

If yes, type:

AREA SAFETY EQUIPMENT REQUIRED

SPACE REVIEW INFORMATION

Current use of Space:

Previous use of Space:

Previous Problems:

Previous Permit Reviewed: Date: Time: am pm Initials:

PERMIT AUTHORIZATION

I acknowledge that I have inspected the work area for safety and reviewed all safety precautions recorded on this permit.

Name: Signature:

Title: ENTRY SUPERVISOR Date: Time: (am) (pm) Name: Signature:

Title: Date: Time: (am) (pm)

PERMIT RETENTION INFORMATION

Permanent Retention File: Location:

Date Filed: Filed By:

Job Hazard Analysis

Key Action Steps Timeline Expected Outcome PPE Requirements Person/Area Responsible Comments

Comments