DRAFT AFMAN 13-212 - Apr 2021.pdf

BY ORDER OF THE COMMANDER AIR FORCE MANUAL 13-212 VOLUME 1

23D WING

(ACC) AIR COMBAT COMMAND

SUPPLEMENT

AVON PARK AIR FORCE RANGE

ADDENDUM A

April 2021

Space, Missile, Command, and Control

RANGE PLANNING AND OPERATIONS

WEAPONS RANGES

COMPLIANCE WITH THIS PUBLICATION IS MANDATORY

NOTICE: This publication is available digitally on the ACC SharePoint Website at:

https://cs2.eis.af.mil/sites/10208/AvonPark/SitePages/Home.aspx

RELEASABILITY: There are no releasability restrictions on this publication.

OPR: 598TH RANS/ROO Certified by: 598TH RANS/CC (Lt Col Thomas) Supersedes: AFI13-212VI, AVON PARK AFR Addenda A, 10 October 2012 Pages: 87 Distribution: F

This instruction implements AFPD 13-2, Air Traffic, Airfield, Airspace, and Range Management; AFI 13-212, Range Planning and Operations; and AFI 13-212 ACC Supplement, Range Planning and Operations. This Directive sets forth policies regarding the Avon Park Air Force Range (APAFR) activities of all personnel (Active Duty, Civilians, Guard, Reserves, Contractors, etc.) executing official business on the range. Failure to observe prohibitions and mandatory provisions of this directive is a violation of Article 92, Uniform Code of Military Justice. Violations may result in administrative disciplinary action without regard to otherwise applicable criminal or civil sanctions for violations of related laws. It establishes procedures for safe and efficient range operations. It primarily applies to training activities within APAFR delegated airspace and range areas to include its auxiliary airfield and all training areas. It also promotes the safe expenditure of ordnance during all training missions (air-to-ground and ground-to-ground). All users and APAFR employees will exercise their best judgment if they encounter situations not covered in this instruction. Waiver authority for this document is the 598TH RANS Commander. Deviation from this addendum is not allowed without written approval from the 598TH RANS Commander. Refer recommended changes and questions about this publication to the Office of Primary Responsibility (OPR).

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SUMMARY OF REVISIONS: This entire addendum has been revised.

Arbuckle Field (Previously MacDill Auxiliary Field) and Flying Operations have been removed from this document and are now covered under APAFRI 11-250.

Chapter 1 - Responsibilities

1.1. General Information

1.2. 598TH RANS (ROA)

1.3. Other Agencies

1.4. Weather

1.5. Range User

1.6. Unit Feedback

Chapter 2 - Description of Range and Military Operating Area

Figure 2.1. Avon Park Air Force Range Map

2.1. General Information

Table 2.1. Communications …………………………………………………………………... 12

Figure 2.2. Airspace and MOAs

2.2. Restrictions

2.3. Ranges and Military Operating Areas (MOAs)

Figure 2.3. North Conventional Range

Table 2.2. North Conventional Range Infrastructure and Targets

Figure 2.4. South Conventional Range

Table 2.3. South Conventional Range Infrastructure and Targets

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Figure 2.5. South Tactical Range

Table 2.4. South Tactical Range Infrastructure and Targets

Figure 2.6. North Tactical Range

Table 2.5. North Tactical Range Infrastructure and Targets

Figure 2.7. Oscar Range

Table 2.6. Oscar Range Infrastructure and Targets

Figure 2.8. OQ Range

Table 2.7. OQ Range Infrastructure and Targets

2.4. Air Refueling Track and Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA) Corridors

Figure 2.9. Crystal II Air Refueling Track

2.5. Landing Zones and Drop Zones

2.6. Arbuckle Field (KAGR)

Chapter 3 - Operations/Weapons Delivery Procedures (Air-to-Ground)

3.1. Overview

3.2. Authorized Ordnance (Air-to-Ground) and Procedures

Figure 3.1. North/South Conventional Box Patterns

Figure 3.2. South Conventional Pop-up and Box Patterns

Figure 3.3. Moving Target Routes. North Tactical Range

Table 3.1. Visual Reference Points (VRP) for Avon South Tactical Range

Table 3.2. Visual Reference Points (VRP) for Avon North Tactical Range

3.3. Restrictions, Limitations, and Footprint Data

3.4. Laser or Directed-Energy Operations

3.5. Night Operations

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Table 3.3. Impact Area Lighting/Marking Scheme Definitions

3.6. Transition Corridor Operations/Buffer Zone Procedures

Figure 3.4. Buffer Zone and Maneuvering Airspace

3.7. Helicopter Operations and Procedures

3.8. Weather Minimums

3.9. Emergency Procedures

3.10. Off-Range Dropped Object and Inadvertent Release

3.11. Hung-Ordnance and Unsafe-Gun Procedures

3.12. Jettison Procedures

3.13. Dangerous Cargo

3.14. Emergency Locator Transmitted (ELT) Procedures

Chapter 4 - Electronic Combat Ranges

4.1. Threat Emitters

Chapter 5 - Range Operations Control Center (ROCC)

5.1. Responsibilities

5.2. ROCC Scheduling

5.3. Notification and Transportation

5.4. Range Opening

5.5. Range Schedule

5.6. Aircraft Control

5.7. Ground Party Control

5.8. Range Ground Entry

5.9. Ground Operations

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5.10. Restricted Operations

5.11. Strafing Operations

5.12. Range Visitors

5.13. Range Closure

5.14. Reports

Chapter 6 - Air Combat Maneuvering Instrumentation (ACMI)

N/A

Chapter 7 - Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) Procedures

7.1. General

7.2. UAS Operations

7.3. Scheduling Procedures

7.4. Frequency Management

7.5. Concurrent Operations

7.6. Emergency Procedures

7.7 UAS Delivered Munitions ………………………………………………………….68

Chapter 8 - Ground Live-Fire Procedures

8.1. General

8.2. Authorized Weapons and Munitions

8.3. Live-Fire Operations

8.4. Ranges

Chapter 9 – Range Clearance and Range Maintenance Procedures

9.1. General

9.2. Responsibilities

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9.3. 23d Wing, CES/CED (EOD) Safety

9.4. Explosive Limits

Table 9.1. Single Item per Detonation Point

Table 9.2. Range Limits for Multiple-Items Detonation

9.5. Personnel Limits

9.6. Emergency Procedures

Chapter 10 – Ground Training Procedures

10.1. General

10.2. Facilities

10.3. Tasks

10.4. Command Relationship

Chapter 11 – Arbuckle Field (KAGR)

11.1. Airfield Diagram

Attachment 1 – ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

Attachment 2 – TRAINING REQUEST FORM

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Chapter 1

RESPONSIBILITIES

1.1. General Information. The 598th Range Squadron (RANS) is a geographically separated unit (GSU) under the 23rd Wing, Moody Air Force Base, Georgia and tasked with management and operation of the Avon Park Air Force Range (APAFR), FL. This addendum is the central source document providing guidance for operations on APAFR.

1.1.1 All units using APAFR will comply with this addendum. Any deviations from procedures in this addendum must be coordinated and approved by the 598th RANS Commander (598 RANS/CC).

1.2. 598TH RANS (ROA). The Range Operating Authority (ROA) is delegated to the 598th RANS/CC from the 23d Wing Commander, Moody AFB, GA. The ROA has overall authority and responsibility of all activities on APAFR.

1.2.1. Range Operations Officers (ROO): The aircrew ROO position is filled by the 598th RANS/CC. The civilian ROO position is filled by the 598th RANS Director of Operations (DO) and will be referred to as the ROO. The Range Manager (RM) position is dual hatted and is filled by the ROO.

1.2.1.1. The ROO is responsible for the management and maintenance of all ranges within APAFR. Range areas and targets are maintained as outlined in Air Force, ACC, 9 AF directives, and as directed in this addendum. The ROO is also the range squadron data steward.

1.2.1.2. The ROO is responsible for ensuring impact areas and target complexes meet constantly changing mission requirements. Contractor personnel under the BOS contract perform range and target maintenance during scheduled EOD clearance operations. In order to meet changing mission requirements and new weapons systems and to respond efficiently to users requirements, target and range maintenance will operate at the direction of the ROO/DO.

1.2.1.3. The ROO is responsible for procedural standards for weapons delivery and operations on APAFR and the central point of contact between using agencies and APAFR.

1.2.1.4. The 598th RANS/CC and ROO lead the local area out-reach program. Attendance at local community meetings, hosting conferences, and oversite of social-media ensures the CC and DO inform the surrounding community of range activities and react to any concerns.

1.2.2. Range Operations Flight. The ROO is the Flight Chief responsible for oversight of all range operations personnel.

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1.2.2.1. Scheduling Authority (SA). The Programming and Scheduling Section is located at MacDill AFB and is the main focal point for Air and Ground space scheduling at Avon Park Range. The SA is responsible for oversight of the Central Scheduling Enterprise (CSE). They have final approval authority for all training requests and will work in conjunction with all sections of the Range Operations flight to ensure proper air/ground space utilization is planned and scheduled.

1.2.2.2. Range Operations Control Center (ROCC): The ROCC is operated out of the Airfield tower. Contractors fill these positions. The ROCC is responsible for oversight of day-to-day range and airfield activities. They manage the daily flight schedule for the Avon Complex airspace and all range ground activities. The ROCC call sign for ground parties is “Range Control.” The ROCC call sign for air assets is “Avon Ops.”

1.2.2.3. Range Operations Office Ground (ROOG): Contractors and Government employees fill these positions. They are responsible for all ground operations scheduling/coordination of units while deployed to APAFR. They maintain the long-range schedule and coordinate all deployment requests. They oversee and assist with Weapons safety, WDZ/SDZ development, LZ/DZ operations, visiting unit logistics/briefings, lodging, facility management, and range/target management.

1.2.2.4. Airfield Manager (AM). The AM is responsible for oversight of all airfield operations, coordination and approving all airfield activities. The AM oversees the Avon Park Bird Aircraft Strike Hazard (BASH) services. This position is also the Range Safety Officer (RSO). The AM is filled by a Department of the Air Force civilian and acts as the assistant ROO/DO. The AM’s office is located in the Range Operations building (45) and can be reached at 863-452-4109 or DSN 968-7109.

1.2.2.5. Range Safety Officer (RSO). This position is filled by the 598th RANS/AM. The RSO is responsible for enforcing range safety protocols. The RSO works closely with the ROO and all Range Operations sections to ensure the integration of safety considerations into the planning and execution of all training missions. He will ensure proper Risk Management plans are in place and followed by range staff as well as deployed units training at the range.

1.2.2.6. Range Flight Safety Officer (RFSO): This position is filled by the ROO and is responsible for enforcing range Flight Safety protocols and overseeing the Flight Safety Outreach Program. The RFSO will maintain a close working relationship with local and regional FAA facilities, as well as civilian aviation facilities and organizations. If APAFR’s Flight Safety NCO billet is unfilled, the RFSO will coordinate with Moody Flight Safety.

1.2.2.6.1. The RFSO will work closely with the 6th Air Mobility Wing (MacDill AFB) and the 23d Wing (Moody AFB) Public Affairs Offices to resolve noise complaints and community-relations issues from the surrounding communities IAW AFI 13-201, para 3.1.

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1.2.3. Environmental Flight. Natural and cultural resources are an important part of APAFR.

The Environmental Flight and the ROO work closely to ensure military operations and environmental issues are conducted properly to enhance training opportunities while sustaining the natural infrastructure (environmental and cultural resources). The Environmental Flight is responsible for developing and monitoring the Integrated Natural Resources Management Plan (INRMP). The Environmental Flight and the ROO work to ensure there is no net loss to military training based on environmental restraints and are responsible for the Wildland Fire Management Plan.

1.2.4. Fire and Emergency Services Flight (RMFF). Provides 24/7 Crash/Fire/Rescue Support for the airfield and range mission. Provides fire protection and suppression for range infrastructure and facilities. Maintains and directs medical emergency plans in conjunction with local EMS/hospital/Life Flight agencies.

1.2.5. Civil Engineering Flight. The Range Support Manager is the CE Flight Chief. Civil Engineering services are conducted by the Base Operations Support (BOS) contractor. Civil Engineering is responsible for the APAFR infrastructure and is complementary to the APAFR mission.

1.3. Other Agencies

1.3.1. FAA/Miami Center. The ROO, ROCC, and the Scheduling Authority will work closely with Miami Center to ensure APAFR airspace is properly scheduled and monitored to deconflict military operations with civilian air operations.

1.4. Weather. The 26 OWS located at Barksdale AFB, Louisiana, provides weather advisories for APAFR. Airfield observations are available with on-field FMQ-23.

(https://owsjet26.us.af.mil/portal/private/JET/ASD?param0=KAGR&). APAFR is subject to many austere weather activities (hurricanes, thunderstorms, heat, etc.). Users must be aware of weather forecasts and plan accordingly. The range controlling authorities (ROCC and Rescue Ops) will monitor weather activities and inform users of dangerous situations (lightning, high winds, extreme heat, etc.). Range users, with the assistance of range staff, are responsible for developing a plan to protect personnel and equipment. The ROA may cancel or delay any planned range activities when forecasts predict extreme or dangerous weather (hurricanes, floods, thunderstorms, etc.).

1.5. Range User. A range user is any unit or person requiring access to the Avon Park Air Force Range. Users must understand and abide by the rules and procedures established by this instruction for accessing the range prior to proceeding onto range property. All ground range users must receive a range safety/procedures briefing from Range Operations prior to entering the range outside of the cantonment area. All range users must review the daily range schedule, be aware of active range activity, and comply with all range closures/restrictions. Communication for safe operations on range property is paramount. Users operating within an impact area or active hazard area must have an APAFR land mobile radio (LMR) and maintain contact with Range Control or Rescue Ops at all times. Cell phone coverage is severely limited on APAFR.

https://owsjet26.us.af.mil/portal/private/JET/ASD?param0=KAGR&

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1.6. Unit Feedback. All units and personnel utilizing APAFR are encouraged to provide feedback to the ROO. Feedback is critical for improving and sustaining the mission of the range.

Ground units will be provided a critique sheet and returned to ROOG personnel upon checkout.

Air units should communicate recommendations on an as-needed basis to the ROO, ROCC, or ROOG personnel.

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Chapter 2

DESCRIPTION OF RANGE AND MILITARY OPERATING AREA

Figure 2.1. Avon Park Air Force Range Map.

2.1. General Information. Avon Park Air Force Range is designated a Primary Training Range and is not designed to support test activities. Testing activities will be requested IAW AFMAN 13-212 and ACC supplement. APAFR is located in central Florida approximately 60 NM east of MacDill AFB. The range has 106,034 acres under the Restricted Airspace R-2901. Five Class B Impact Areas (Avon South Tactical, Avon South Conventional, Avon North Tactical, Avon North Conventional, and Oscar Range) and one small-arms range (OQ Range) lie within the range boundaries. Avon Park also includes an auxiliary airfield and assault strip. (See Chapter 11 and APAFRI 11-250 for airfield procedures.)

2.1.1. Capabilities: Avon Park Air Force Range offers users the following capabilities but is not limited to: fixed-wing air-to-ground, rotary-wing air-to-ground, Close Air Support

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Training, Combat Search and Rescue (CSAR), para-ops, UAS operations, artillery, mortar, small-arms ground fire, Landing Zones (LZ), Drop Zones (DZ), laser ops, small-unit tactics, land navigation (foot and wheeled), Smokey Surface-to-Air Missiles (SAM), and Radar Warning Receiver Low-Cost Threat Emitter (RWR LTE) Emitters.

2.1.2. Communications (Comm Card). The data below will assist units in communication planning with key contacts and range frequencies.

Table 2.1 Communications

Avon Park Communications/Contacts

Administration Contacts

DSN 968-7XXX

Commercial 863-452-4XXX

Headquarters building / Range Admin / CC 863-452-4120 Range Support Manager (CE) 863-452-4110 Environmental Flight 863-452-4256 CE / Supply / Vehicle Fuel 863-452-4130

Range Control / Tower

Range Control Tower 863-452-4176/4138/4190 LMR (brick) – Call Sign “Range Control” LMR Channels 1 = Operations, 2 = CE, 3 = Airfield movement, 4 = Crash Fire Rescue

Frequencies: Avon Ops/ Tower Check-in 292.200 / 126.150 North Tactical/Conventional 264.625 South Tactical/Conventional 276.600

Crash Rescue / Fire Department / On Duty24/7

Emergency - 911 from base phones Emergency from cell – 863-452-4911 LMR – Call sign “Rescue Ops” on all channels.

Non-emergency Phone – 863-452-4225

Range Operations Personnel

Range Operations Officer / DO 863-452-4260 / 813-828-4292 / Cell 813-857-7109 Scheduling Authority (CSE/Airspace) 813-828-4641-4642 Airfield Manager 813-452-4109 Range Operations 863-452-4240/4140/4124/4235/4236 Sebring Fuels (Jet A) 863-314-1317 / Cell 836-414-4966 Moving Target Coordination 863-452-4124/4236/4176

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Figure 2.2. Airspace and MOAs.

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2.1.3. Hours of Operation. The ROCC is open 80 hours per week Monday-Friday and varies on the operational flight schedule. Additional Operating Hours (AOH) will be coordinated and approved by the ROO.

2.1.4. Scheduling Procedures. The Central Scheduling Enterprise (CSE) is the primary means of scheduling APAFR airspace and ground activities. All requests, changes and adjustments must be submitted via CSE. First-time users of CSE should contact the APAFR Scheduling Authority (para 2.1.4.6.) for instructions and training. Requesters who do not have access to the CSE website must submit a request that includes all information listed in para. 2.1.4.7 or

2.1.4.8 via e-mail to the Scheduling Authority (avonparkairspace@us.af.mil).

2.1.4.1. AFMAN 13-212V1 assigned users conducting assigned training events have top priority in scheduling. MAJCOM directed exercises and deployments might receive higher priority at the discretion of the ROO or ROA. Assigned users should have training requests input into CSE no later than the 10 of the prior month (example; August training times should be input by 10 July).

2.1.4.2. Non-assigned users will be scheduled for training on a space available and first-come first-served basis. All training requests should be input to CSE by the 10th of the prior month.

2.1.4.3. Scheduling Confirmation. On or about the 10th of each month the Range Operations Flight reviews all requests for the following month. Conflicts are resolved with requesters if possible, then scheduled or non-scheduled. Mission requests will remain in a pending status until all conflicts/issues are resolved. The goal is to have all requests scheduled at least two weeks to mission date. Requestors must verify scheduled status in CSE or through a scheduling manager. Users may still request training time after the confirmation on any times not scheduled by other users. The SA will provide a range schedule to ROCC and Miami ARTCC. The Range schedule is briefed at the weekly Operations Meeting.

2.1.4.4. Higher priority requests submitted after the Schedule confirmation will be scrutinized by the SA, the ROO and the ROA. The SA will notify users if their scheduled events must be cancelled or changed based on the ROA’s final decisions.

2.1.4.5. Training requests outside of the normal ROCC 80-hour schedule requires as much notice as possible. The ROO must approve any additional hours.

2.1.4.6. Contact Information for the Scheduling Authority. Commercial 813-828- 4641/4642 and DSN 968-4641/4642. Email: avonparkairspace@us.af.mil.

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2.1.4.7. Non-CSE capable units requesting airspace and or MacDill AFB facilities must contact the SA with the following information:

- Unit, POC and contact telephone numbers

- Type mission

- Dates and times of training

- Specific range or ranges required

- Facilities required

- Type and number of aircraft

- Type weapons/ordnance

- Scoring requirements

- Airspace required (altitudes)

- MOA use required

- Type laser

2.1.4.8. All units requesting ground range time or Avon Park facilities must use the

Avon Park Training request form. See Attachment 2. Contact Range operations personnel at Commercial 863-452-4140/4240/4235/4124/4109 or DSN 968- 7140/7240/7235/7124/7109.

2.1.4.9. Schedule Changes.

2.1.4.9.1. Changes to scheduled missions that will require additional airspace or that will cause additional range closures (For example; switching from cold to hot, changing to weapons with larger WDZ/SDZ footprints, needing additional restricted area altitudes, etc.) must be submitted at least 48 hours prior to the scheduled mission time. These changes must be changed in CSE and require approval of the SA or ROO.

2.1.4.9.2. Changes to scheduled missions that do not require additional airspace or range closures will be done on a case-by-case basis and can be changed up until the time of the scheduled mission. These changes may be done telephonically or over the radio at check-in.

2.1.4.9.3. Notification of changes. All changes to scheduled events must include notification to the SA, ROCC, and event POCs.

2.1.4.9.4. POC When SA Is Not Operational: ROCC (Range Operations Control Center) will act as the point of contact for range operations after normal duty hours, weekends, holidays, etc., or if no contact is made due to disruption of communication.

2.1.5. Range Access. Public access to impact areas is PROHIBITED. NO ONE will enter an impact area at any time without permission from the range control authority. The ROCC (UHF/VHF call-sign “Avon Ops,” LMR call sign “Range Control”) is the primary range control authority. When the ROCC is open, they are in control of all range/airfield access and activities. Access to the airfield or impact areas when the ROCC is not open will require coordination with the Fire Department (LMR call-sign “Rescue Ops”). All personnel are

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required to contact Range Control (or Rescue Ops) prior to entry.

2.1.5.1. Active Range. An active range is defined as the impact area and associated closed Range Management Areas (RMA) (Hazard/Danger Area) while air-to-ground fire, ground-to-ground live-fire, laser activities, or other hazardous activities are in progress. The daily range schedule details the times when a range is considered “Active” and denotes the closed RMAs. Only Mission-Essential Personnel are allowed access to an active range when performing official duties. This may include Joint Terminal Attack Controllers (JTACs), Tactical Air Control Party (TACP), or any ground troops conducting live-fire training; ROCC and ROOG personnel supporting the mission, i.e., Smokey-SAMs/RWR LTE threat emitters, moving targets, OPFOR, scorers; and any other required personnel identified by the ROA. The ROA authorizes instructors and evaluators in active ranges when performing official duties.

2.1.5.1.1. RMA access during active range times: RMAs are considered closed to all non-essential personnel when any part of an RMA is affected by a hazard area (WDZ, SDZ, LSZ). Range employees who are conducting range essential tasks may enter the parts of the RMA not affected by the hazard area with careful planning. Employees will meet with range operations personnel to analyze the need, the location of the task and verify if it is outside of the hazard area. The ROCC will be notified of who, where and when an employee may enter the closed RMA. The employee will notify the ROCC upon entry and exit. They must also remain in radio contact with the ROCC while accessing the RMA.

2.1.5.2. Inactive Range. A range is considered inactive when no air-to-ground, ground-to-ground live-fire, laser activities, or other hazardous activities are in progress. Essential personnel are allowed access to an inactive range when performing official duties.

2.1.5.2.1. Inactive Impact Area. Impact areas are considered hazardous even when military activities are not in progress. Due to this factor, only personnel conducting activities that support the range mission (EOD and target maintenance, ROOG and ROCC personnel, threatened and endangered (T&E) species observation, and environmental compliance) or preparing for military training (JTAC mission planning, target construction, site visits) are authorized on impact areas.

2.1.5.3. Shared Use. APAFR encompasses large land space and natural resources.

Shared use of ranges with non-DOD users is encouraged when it will not compromise public safety, detract from mission accomplishment, or impair range operations in any way. IAW AFI 13-212, public access to hazard areas is prohibited unless specifically authorized by the ROA. APAFR policy is that shared use is authorized only outside of active ranges. Shared-use opportunities will be determined at the weekly Range Operations meeting.

2.1.5.3.1. Shared use will be conducted IAW the current Avon Park Air Force Range Entry/Access Risk Assessment. Shared users include; Military, Government Employees, Civilian DOD Contractors, Civilian Commercial activities, Public Access, and

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ROA approved activities. RMAs 4, 6 and 10b are closed to public access until further notice due to explosive safety concerns.

2.2. Restrictions.

2.2.1. Common/General. No flights are authorized entry/use of the restricted airspace without approval from Avon Ops on UHF 292.2/VHF 126.15. No ground units are authorized entry/use of any range without approval from Range Control or Rescue Ops on the LMR radio (Channel 1).

2.2.2. Range Restrictions.

2.2.2.1 Inert and High Explosive (HE) Ordnance. Inert/training ordnance are the primary munitions on APAFR. High-explosive, full-scale heavyweight bombs are NOT authorized. Specific but limited types of high-explosive munitions can be used in specially designated areas when mission requirements dictate. See Chapter 3.2. for authorized air-to-ground munitions and Chapter 8.2. for authorized ground-to-ground munitions. All air-to-ground ordnance must have an authorized WDZ footprint and be approved by the ROO/RSO. All ground-to-ground ordnance must have an authorized SDZ and be approved by the ROO/RSO.

2.2.2.2. Lasing. AFRL/HEDO provides laser consultative approval via laser range surveys. Aircrews will request combat or training laser operations when scheduling mission times/requirements thru 598th RANS/SA. Aircrews will verify and confirm approval for combat or training laser operations upon mission check-in with Avon Ops as they are entering the airspace

2.2.2.3. Ground units must request laser use on the Avon Park Training request form (See Attachment 2). Each type must be specified by official part # and name (LA-16u/PEQ HLM). ROOG personnel will verify the lasers are authorized via the most current laser survey. Laser use must be approved in CSE and will be listed as “hot”. Units will designate a Laser Safety Officer who must obtain a Laser Safety Briefing prior to operating any laser system on Avon Park Range. A minimum of 48-hours is required to coordinate adjacent RMA closures. Additionally, users will contact Range Control to request clearance to go “hot” with ground lasers.

2.2.3. Airspace Restrictions.

2.2.3.1. Airspace available for use during range operations is defined by the limits of R-2901 A through N, adjoining MOAs, and Air Traffic Control Assigned Airspace (ATCAAs) (Figure 2.2.). SEE-AND-AVOID RULES APPLY IN ALL AIRSPACE.

2.2.3.2. Orlando Approach. The airspace immediately north of R-2901 as well as above the north entry extension is heavily used by civilian aircraft in the Orlando International

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Airport approach pattern. Lake Placid North is a special request airspace due to effect on Orlando Approach.

2.2.3.3. Over-flight of Indian Lake Estates housing area located west of the junction of SR 60 and CR 630 (northeast corner of R2901- D) and River Ranch Resort located below the Kissimmee ATCAA is prohibited below 3000 feet AGL. Be advised that the River Ranch airport is below the Kissimmee ATCAA and is located approximately one mile from the intersection of R2901C/R2901A to the northeast.

2.2.3.4. Flights Working on the Range. Flights will operate only in their portion of their scheduled range.

2.2.3.5. Airspace Scheduling. See para 2.1.5. All airspace must be specifically requested/scheduled through the Scheduling Authority via CSE.

2.3. Ranges and Military Operating Areas (MOAs).

2.3.1. Conventional Ranges

2.3.1.1. North Conventional Range (Figure 2.3.). A Class "B" scoreable day/night conventional weapons delivery target complex located approximately 3NM northeast of Arbuckle Field. Center mass coordinates are N 27 42’ 09”/ W 81 19.06'. The left and right flank towers are 4400 feet from the center tower. The highest elevation is 129 feet MSL, and the lowest elevation is 75 feet MSL. The mean elevation is 100 feet MSL.

2.3.1.1.1. Right Circle (NC-2). A 300-foot/92-meter (diameter) sand-filled bombing circle with a visible target in the center with 75-foot/23-meter and 150-foot/46-meter (radius) marked circles. Aim-off distance markers are at 1,000, 1,250, and 1,500 feet beyond the right bomb circle in the shape of a backward “E.”

2.3.1.1.2. Left Circle (NC-4). A 300-foot/92-meter (diameter) sand-filled circle used for helicopter brown-out training.

2.3.1.1.3. Right Strafe (NC-3). Two acoustic-scored strafe panels. The road connecting the range towers forms the 2,000-foot foul line.

2.3.1.1.4. Left Strafe (NC-5). The left strafe is an inactive strafe range.

2.3.1.1.5. Targets NC-1, 6, 7, 8, and 9 are High-Explosive Targets. See Target briefs for authorized weapons for each HE target.

2.3.1.1.6. Communications. North range air-to-ground frequency is UHF 264.625.

2.3.1.1.7. Restrictions. All personnel are prohibited from entering the designated

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High-Explosive Area (blue-hashed area in Figure 2.3.) without EOD escort.

Figure 2.3. North Conventional Range.

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Table 2.2. North Conventional Range Infrastructure and Targets.

NORTH CONVENTIONAL RANGE

Name Description Type

Center Tower RSO Position Manned Tower

Right Flank Tower Operations Tower Scoring Camera

Left Flank Tower Operations Tower Observation Tower

NC-2 Right Bomb Circle Conventional Target

NC-3 Right Strafe Pits Conventional Target

NC-4 Left Bomb Circle (Helo brown-out) Inactive Target

NC-5 Left Strafe Pits Inactive Target

NC-1 (HE) 4 APCs 17R ML 69369 64259

NC 6 (HE) Connex Village 17R ML 69363 63212

NC-7 (HE) Cave Complex 17R ML 70867 64112

NC-8 (HE) Mini Village 17R ML 70527 64512

NC-9 (HE) 6 APCs 17R ML 69192 63646

DFP- H 50 cal and below Direct Fire Point

DFP- I 50 cal and below Direct Fire Point

DFP- J 50 cal and below Direct Fire Point

DFP- K 50 cal and below Direct Fire Point

DFP- L 50 cal and below Direct Fire Point

DFP- M 50 cal and below Direct Fire Point

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2.3.1.2. South Conventional Range (Figure 2.4.). Class "B" scoreable day/night conventional weapons delivery range located approximately 7.5 NM east-southeast of Arbuckle Field. Center mass coordinates are N 27 36’ 20” W 81 12’ 20”. The left and right flank towers are approximately 4,000 feet from the center tower. Highest elevation is 125 feet MSL, and the lowest elevation is 55 feet MSL. The mean elevation is 60 feet

MSL.

2.3.1.2.1. Conventional Bombing Circles. The conventional target complex is divided into a left and right range, SC-4 and SC-2, with both sides having a 300-foot/92-meter (diameter) sand-filled bombing circle. Each bombing circle has a target vehicle in the center with 75-foot/23-meter and 150-foot/46-meter (radius) marked circle. Aim-off distance markers are at 1,000, 1,250, and 1,500 feet beyond the right bomb circle in the shape of a backward “E.”

2.3.1.2.2. HAS scoring on targets SC-2 and SC-4 are scored by the Weapons Impact Scoring Set (WISS) (daytime only). HAS scoring on target SC-6 is scored by the Improved Remote Strafe Scoring System (IRSSS) (day or night).

2.3.1.2.3. There are two acoustic-scored strafe panels on each side of the center tower, SC-3 and SC-5. The road connecting the range towers forms the 2,000-foot foul line.

2.3.1.2.4. Communications: South Range air-to-ground frequency is UHF 276.600

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Figure 2.4. South Conventional Range.

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Table 2.3. South Conventional Range Infrastructure and Targets.

SOUTH CONVENTIONAL RANGE

Building 1058 Plot Room Manned Building

Center Tower RSO Position Manned Tower

Right Flank Tower Operations Tower Scoring Camera

Left Flank Tower Operations Tower Scoring Camera

SC-1 Van Conventional Target

SC-2 Right Bomb Circle Conventional Target

SC-3 Right Strafe Pits Conventional Target

SC-4 Left Bomb Circle Conventional Target

SC-5 Left Strafe Pits Conventional Target

SC-6 High Angle Strafe Conventional Target

DFP- N 50 cal and below Direct Fire Point

DFP- O 50 cal and below Direct Fire Point

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2.3.2. Tactical Ranges.

2.3.2.1. Alpha Range. This is an inactive range. Ordnance is not authorized. Ground access without EOD escort or the 598th RANS Commander’s permission is prohibited.

2.3.2.2. South Tactical Range.

2.3.2.2.1. A Class "B" day/night tactical range (Figure 2.5.). Located approximately seven NM southeast of Arbuckle Field, the center coordinates are 27 35.0'N 81 14.0'W.

Highest elevation is 125 feet MSL, and the lowest elevation is 55 feet MSL. Mean elevation is 65 feet MSL.

2.3.2.2.2. Targets: There are 28 tactical targets labeled ST-1 through ST-28 (Figure 2.5). All targets are limited to inert/TP munitions with the exception of ST-17 (HE).

2.3.2.2.3. Communications. South Range air-to-ground frequency is UHF 276.600.

2.3.2.2.4. Restrictions. All personnel are prohibited from entering the designated High-Explosive Area (blue-hashed area in Figure 2.5.) without EOD escort.

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Figure 2.5. South Tactical Range.

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Table 2.4. South Tactical Range Infrastructure and Targets.

SOUTH TACTICAL RANGE TARGET LIST

MGRS (center mass) Name Description 17R ML ST 1 8-Vehicle Convoy 78025 51507 ST 2 Command Bunker 78108 51145 ST 3 3-APCs and Bridge 78709 50559 ST 4 SA-3 Site 78144 50123 ST 5 SA-2 Site 76653 53031 ST 6 Aircraft on North End of Runway 77078 52084 ST 7 Aircraft on North End of Taxiway 77276 51985 ST 8 Aircraft on Center of Runway 76897 51136 ST 9 Large Village 77405 50250 ST 10 AAA with Radar 76623 50738 ST 11 Control Tower 77127 50363 ST 12 Fire Department 77167 50524 ST 13 West Truck Convoy 76362 50552 ST 14 Aircraft on South End of Runway 76667 49913 ST 15 POL Tank 77214 49627 ST 16 Mini village 77682 49817 ST 17 (HE) 8 Tracked Vehicles / 4 Connex Boxes 76338 49188 ST 18 South Aircraft keyhole 77026 49991 ST 19 North Reveted Aircraft 77638 51731 ST 20 Market / Village 77691 50808 ST 21 Vehicle Defense Perimeter (triangle) 76388 49911 ST 22 Ammo Storage Area 77222 51409 ST 23 Headquarters Bldg. 77322 50524 ST 24 Cave Complex 77541 51403 ST 25 4-Vehicle Convoy 78462 50624 ST 26 Mortar Bunker 78619 49952 ST 27 3-Vehicle Convoy 77042 52749 ST 28 4-APC Convoy 77201 49121 DFP- P Static Direct Firing Point DFP- Q Static Direct Firing Point

DFP- R Sniper Range Direct Firing Point

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2.3.2.3. North Tactical Range.

2.3.2.3.1. A Class "B” day/night tactical range (Figure 2.6.). Located approximately four NM northeast of Arbuckle Field, the center coordinates are 27 42.5'N 81 17.5'W.

Highest elevation is 129 feet MSL, and the lowest elevation is 75 feet MSL. Mean elevation is 100 feet MSL.

2.3.2.3.2. Targets. There are 23 tactical targets on North Tactical Range (Figure 2.6.).

All targets are limited to inert/TP munitions. There are no HE targets on North Tactical.

2.3.2.3.3. Communications. North Range air-to-ground frequency is UHF 264.625.

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Figure 2.6. North Tactical Range.

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NORTH TACTICAL RANGE TARGET LIST

MGRS (center mass) Name Description 17R ML NT 1 Fuel Depot 71741 64190

NT 3 Aircraft Holding Short of Runway 71585 64335

NT 4 Aircraft on South End of Runway 71384 64349

NT 5 Reveted MIGS 71428 64682

NT 6 Field HQ & Vehicle Parking 71796 64670

NT 7 Control Tower/Base Operations 71440 64910

NT 8 Airfield Truck Park 71359 65192

NT 10 Convoy 71008 65927

NT 11 Large Village 71446 65858

NT 12 Mini Village 71182 66075

NT 13 Aircraft & Vehicles on North End of Taxiway 70561 65702

NT 14 SA-2 Site 70534 66480

NT 15 Helicopter Landing Zone 72191 65872

NT 16 Cave Complex 72193 65955

NT 17 Vehicles in Tree Line 71195 66578

NT 18 Aircraft North End of Taxiway 70299 65820

NT 19 Aircraft North End of Runway 70329 65540

NT 20 Aircraft on Center of Runway 70744 65071

NT 22 Ammo Storage Area 71729 65304

NT 23 Reveted Vehicles 70802 64901

NT 25 Industrial Complex 71932 64790

NT 26 Aircraft South End of Taxiway 71599 64467

DFP- E Sniper Range Direct Fire Point 71601 63900

DFP- F Static Direct Fire Point 71636 64070

DFP- G Static Direct Fire Point 71912 64397

OP-1 Observation Tower Observation Point

OP-3 Elevated site Observation Point

OP-4 Bridge to NT-11 Observation Point

OP-5 Village Observation Point

Table 2.5. North Tactical Range Infrastructure and Targets

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2.3.2.4. Oscar Range.

2.3.2.4.1. Oscar Range (Fig.2.7.) is primarily used for ground and helicopter live-fire training. A 600-foot moving target system (AMTC) on rails and protected by a berm provides users, primarily helicopters, a means to train against a moving target. Ground users also can use the target, dependent upon approved ground ordnance. Portable Infantry Target System (PITS) modules are available providing ground users with controllable ground targets. The AMTC and PITS are controlled via remote hand-held systems.

2.3.2.4.2. The inactive dive-bomb circle is used as a helicopter brown-out landing zone. Ordnance delivery is not authorized. The brown-out is not a formal HLZ;

aircrew must land in accordance with MDS specific procedures and at pilot’s discretion.

2.3.2.4.3. There are four Direct Fire Points (DFP) A, B, C, and D that allow small-arms live-fire training up to 7.62mm out to a distance of 800 meters.

2.3.2.4.4. Targets are limited. Users must supply and place their own targets. Users are responsible for clean up and disposal of all target materials.

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Figure 2.7. Oscar Range.

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Table 2.6. Oscar Range Infrastructure and Targets

2.3.2.5. OQ Range. OQ Range (Figure 2.8.) is primarily used by the Florida Army National Guard. This range is a 25-meter flat range used for small caliber (9mm and 5.56mm) Weapons Qualification Courses. The OQ Range consists of a 9mm pop-up course that can accommodate 12 shooters at a time. A 5.56 zero/qual range can accommodate 52 shooters per firing order. A NBC chamber is available. The OQ range use must be coordinated through the FLARNG office (commercial 863-452- 4150/4218 fax) and scheduled by the SA through CSE.

OSCAR RANGE

Bldg 991 Plot Room Operations Building

Moving Target Rail Target System Direct Fire Target

DFP- A 7.62mm and below Direct Fire Point

DFP- B 7.62mm and below Direct Fire Point

DFP- C 7.62mm and below Direct Fire Point

DFP- D 7.62mm and below Direct Fire Point

Brown-out Area Helicopter Brown-out Operations Aircraft Operations Area

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Figure 2.8. OQ Range.

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Table 2.7. OQ Range Targets.

OQ RANGE

Building 800 Maintenance Bldg. Manned Building

9mm Range Safety Tower Safety Monitor Position Manned Structure

9mm Range 12-Lane Small-Arms Range Dirt Mound

M-16 Range Safety Tower Safety Monitor Position Manned Structure

M-16 Range 54-Lane Small-Arms Range Dirt Mound

2.3.3. Air-to-Air Range. APAFR authorizes air-to-air training (dry) within its restricted airspace, MOAs, and ATCAAs airspace.

2.3.4. MOA. APAFR provides a number of MOAs. Current airspace is defined in Figure

2.2. Urban training scenarios are available in Placid East MOA. Aircrews need to stay aware of VFR traffic within the MOAs. Placid North MOA is not normally available to aircrews except for special exercises. Avoid Placid North MOA unless specifically approved by 598th RANS/SA and ROCC.

2.4. Air Refueling Track Crystal II Air Refueling Track is available to aircrews (Figure 2.9).

It encompasses Placid East MOA and R-2901 A through M. The AR altitude block will be defined during mission pre-planning.

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Figure 2.9. Crystal II.

2.5. Landing Zones and Drop Zones. The ROO has defined Landing Zones (LZ), Drop Zones (DZ), and Circular Drop Zones (CDZ). Locations are listed on the Zone Availability Report (ZAR). Coordinate with the ROOG to plan missions. The airfield assault strip LZ is 3500 ft. x 60 ft. with no runway lights. The active runway is 8000 ft. x 150 ft. with runway, threshold, taxiway and PAPI lights. Landing Zone missions require LZSOs, and Drop Zone missions require DZSOs. All users will coordinate with ROCC to confirm mission requirements.

2.6. Arbuckle Field (KAGR). Arbuckle Field was previously known as MacDill Auxiliary Field.

See APAFI 11-250 for local airfield procedures.

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Chapter 3

OPERATIONS/WEAPONS DELIVERY PROCEDURES

(Air-to-Ground)

3.1. Overview. APAFR provides unique air and ground training opportunities. Operations and weapons delivery must adhere to all applicable Air Force instructions to sustain safe and effective mission requirements. This chapter provides specific guidelines.

3.2. Authorized Ordnance (Air-to-Ground) and Procedures. (Note: All bombs will be inert or training practice.)

Inert/Practice Bombs: BDU-33, 45, 48, 50, MK-83 (inert), 56, MK-76, MK-106

Inert Guided-Bombs: GBU-10, 12, 16, 31, 32, 38, 54, BDU-59 (LGTR) Flares: LUUs 1/B, 5B, 6D (LOGS); LUU 2A/B, LUU 19B (Parachute); 2.75” Rocket M257 and M278; and Self-Protection Flares.

Inert/TP Forward Firing Munitions: .50 cal; 5.56mm; 7.62mm; 20mm; 25mm; 30mm;

40mm; 105mm (AC-130); 2.75-inch rocket, APKWS; 5-inch rocket; Inert Hellfire models A-F.

Note: Ordnance not listed above requires Weapon Danger Zone (WDZ)/Environmental analysis and ROA approval prior to employment.

Note: High-explosive or incendiary ordnance requires prior coordination with the Scheduling Authority and Range Operations and is limited to specific ranges and targets.

Authorized Air-to-Ground High Explosive/Incendiary Ordnance.

Bombs: None Forward Firing Munitions: .50 cal; 20mm; 25mm; 30mm; 40mm; 105mm; 2.75” rocket;

Hellfire (AGM-114 A-F), Griffin (AGM-176) and APKWS.

Fusing: Point Detonating (PD) fuses only for all HE munitions.

Note: The ROA must approve additional fuses if mission requirements dictate.

3.2.1. Ordnance Procedures. See the Avon Park SharePoint website for maps, charts, and basic information. Aircrews must contact range operations personnel for detailed lists of Weapons danger zones (WDZ), authorized targets and final attack restrictions.

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3.2.1.1. Arming and Safe Checks.

3.2.1.1.1. All weapon armament/employment will be IAW AFI 13-212 para 4.7., Armament and Safety Procedures, and para 4.10., Weapons Employment and Air Drop Operations. Every effort must be made by all users of APAFR to eliminate the possibility of off-range weapons impacts. Prior to first release or if aircraft pattern departs the range boundaries, final switch configuration for weapon release will not be accomplished until the aircraft is on range or in such a position that any accidental release will be contained within the range.

3.2.1.1.2. All anomalies must be reported to Range Control immediately. Duds, rocket misfires, off impact area impacts, off-range incidents, etc.

3.2.1.1.3. After completing final weapons delivery or if aircraft pattern departs the special-use airspace, each flight member will perform a weapons-system safety check.

3.2.1.2. Weapons-Release Authority. Weapons-release authority devolves hierarchically to the JTAC, FAC-A, flight lead, or individual pilot. Acceptance of weapons-release authority incurs sole responsibility for the safe release of ordnance.

3.2.1.3. Range Entry/Departure. Day and night range entry procedures and restrictions have been developed to enhance a safe and orderly flow of traffic, maximize range use, and standardize aircrew procedures. Flights are scheduled on the range back-to-back for the most part and aircrews should expect ranges to be “hot.” Adherence to the procedures established in this addendum are intended to keep aircraft inside R-2901 airspace, enable flights to determine what portions of R-2901 are “hot,” and procedurally deconflict one aircraft from another through altitude and horizontal separation.

3.2.1.3.1. Initial Contact (Check-in). Prior to entering active R-2901, MOA, and/or ATCAA airspace, aircrews MUST contact “Avon Ops” on UHF 292.2 or VHF 126.15 for clearance into the airspace. Aircrew will provide call sign, number of aircraft, ordnance, scheduled range, laser use or other intentions. If approved to enter the area, Avon Ops will provide current range information (altimeter, airspace, bird condition, fire condition, and restrictions) and confirm mission requirements. Avon Ops will direct flights to assigned ranges with contact information for any ground personnel (JTAC, Scorer, etc.). If not approved, aircraft must hold outside of R-2901 with Miami Center until Avon Ops approves entry.

3.2.1.3.2. Avon Ops will issue a “five minutes remaining” warning and/or direct flight to cease operations so they will depart the range at the end of their scheduled time.

3.2.1.3.3. Range Departure. Aircraft may depart IFR or VFR. Aircrews should request IFR clearances at least five minutes prior to departure of the range to allow coordination. Avon Ops will contact Miami Center for clearance. Aircrew will

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report expended ordnance to Avon Ops prior to departing.

3.2.1.3.4. Emergency Departures. A pilot may clear the range from any position in the pattern and proceed directly to the field of intended landing. The pilot with the emergency or his escort will change to UHF 292.2 or GUARD channel and broadcast the distressed aircraft's position, altitude, heading, and intentions. Avon Ops will inform flight leaders operating on all ranges to terminate operations until assured that the distressed aircraft is clear of the range complex and will not interfere with further operations. Avon Ops will notify flight leads when to resume operations.

3.2.1.3.5. Exercises. During exercises, entry/exit points and holding areas will be established in the exercise SPINS.

3.2.1.4. Scoring Procedures. APAFR uses the WISS and IRSSS. See the Avon Park SharePoint website for maps, charts, and basic information. Aircrews must contact range operations personnel for detailed lists of Weapons danger zones (WDZ), authorized targets and final attack restrictions. A minimum of 48-hour notice is required to ensure scoring personnel are scheduled.

3.2.1.4.1 Once cleared to range frequency by Avon Ops, the flight lead will contact Scorer. The flight lead will provide the scorer with the following information: Call sign, number of aircraft, sequence of events, and any changes.

3.2.1.4.2. Prior to the mission, aircrews will call Scorer on the frequency associated with their active range, with mission requirements: number of aircraft in flight, call sign, ordnance, events, targets, and special requests (i.e., need TOT, area targets, multiple releases, etc., and other considerations).

3.2.1.4.3. Changes to scheduled targets will be passed to the Scorer as soon as possible.

Expect delays in scoring if targets are not coordinated in advance.

3.2.1.4.4. The scorer will provide assignment (i.e., right range, left traffic) and strafe panel number. All flight members will acknowledge this information.

3.2.1.4.5. Target ID and Spacer Pass. Target ID shall be complete before first “hot” pass. Flight spacer-pass procedures shall remain within range airspace and comply with 11 series ACC instructions.

3.2.1.4.6. Flights requesting scores shall adhere to the following: Each aircraft in the pattern shall make an “in” call with call sign (i.e., Two is in, hot/dry) followed with an “Off, hot/dry” call. Failure to follow these calls will significantly delay the delivery of the scores to the unit. This could create an inability to deliver accurate scores. Advise as soon as possible of the following: accidental multiple releases or a bomb that is suspect of being unscoreable (long/short).

3.2.1.4.7. In case of multiple releases, Scorer will score the first bomb of the string unless otherwise directed at the beginning of the mission. Flights that do not want their

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scores relayed during the flight may receive them via e-mail or fax.

3.2.1.4.8. Scoring of some heavyweight ordnance may not be possible due to the lack of a spotting charge.

3.2.1.4.9. Additionally, low sun angles may prohibit some scoring on Avon…