East Shade Shelters Shoreline Stabilization GESC Report.pdf

GRADING, EROSION, AND SEDIMENT CONTROL

REPORT

East Shade Shelters Shoreline Stabilization Cherry Creek State Park & Reservoir

Aurora, CO 80015

ARAPAHOE COUNTY Case No. EE24-030 June 2024

Applicant and Design Engineer Information

Applicant: Cherry Creek Basin Water Quality Authority PO Box 3166 Centennial, CO 80122

(303) 779-4525 Contact: Elysa Loewen, PE, CFM

Engineer: RESPEC Consulting & Services 720 S. Colorado Blvd, Suite 410 S Denver, CO 80246

(618) 541-4777

Contact: Jessie Nolle, PE, Project Manager

Prepared by: Prepared for:

Arapahoe County Department of Public Works and Development 6924 S Lima St Centennial, CO 80112

720 S. Colorado Blvd.

Suite 410 S Denver, Colorado 80246

Cherry Creek Basin Water Quality Authority PO Box 3166 Centennial, CO 80122

(303) 931-8726

Grading, Erosion, and Sediment Control Report

Signature Page

“This GRADING, EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL document has been placed in the project file for this project and appears to fulfill the latest version of the Grading, Erosion and Sediment Control Manual. Additional grading, erosion and sediment Control Measures may be required of the owner or his/her agents, due to unforeseen erosion problems or if the submitted plan does not function as intended. The requirements of this GESC document shall run with the land and be the obligation of the landowner, or his/her designated representative(s) until such time as the plan is properly completed, modified or voided.”

Landowner Certification Statement

“I hereby certify that the Grading, Erosion, and Sediment Control measures for the East Shade Shelters Shoreline Stabilization Project shall be constructed according to the design presented in this document. I understand that additional erosion control, sediment control, and water quality enhancing measures may be required of the owner and his or her agents due to unforeseen pollutant discharges or if the submitted plan does not function as intended. The requirements of the plan shall be the obligation of the landowner and/or his successors or heirs; until such time as the plan is properly completed, modified or voided.”

Owner or Authorized Agent

Authorized Signature

Professional Engineer Certification Statement

“I hereby attest that this Grading, Erosion, and Sediment Control (GESC) document for the East Shade Shelters Shoreline Stabilization Project has been prepared by me or under my direct supervision, and to the best of my knowledge and ability has been prepared in accordance with the latest version of the GESC Manual. The signature and stamp affixed hereon certifies that this GESC document was prepared in accordance with the required regulations and criteria; however, the stamp and signature does not certify or guarantee future performance of the execution of the plan by the Contractor.

The Contractor is responsible for executing the construction work according to the information set forth in the plan and in accordance with all applicable requirements.”

Registered Professional Engineer Jessie Nolle

State of Colorado No. 38238

Affix Seal w/date

Project Description

The East Shade Shelters Shoreline Stabilization project is a Cherry Creek Basin Water Quality Authority (CCBWQA) project that will repair or armor a section of the Cherry Creek Reservoir bank that has seen severe erosion and is likely to see further erosion if left unchecked. The goal of the project is to reduce the load of phosphorus and other common pollutants into the reservoir through both natural and hardscape bank stabilization methods that require little maintenance and can withstand the wear and tear of the site’s high pedestrian usage.

Erosion of the bank at the site is primarily due to high pedestrian site usage along unmarked paths and wave and ice action on the shoreline. These factors work together to cause bank instability that would lead to further degradation, and therefore more pollutants found in soils entering the reservoir. This project will restore the bank to historic conditions and armor it against future erosion, ultimately lessening the load of pollutants into the reservoir.

The project site is a little over 1 acres, with a total grading disturbance area of 0.26 acres due to proposed improvements. The project is bounded by Swim Beach to the north, a concrete access ramp to the south, the reservoir to the west, and the Group Picnic Area Access road to the east. See the vicinity map below. The project falls within the Northeast quarter of the Southeast quarter of Section 2 and the Northwest quarter of the Southwest quarter of Section 1, Township 5 South, Range 67 West of the 6th Principal Meridian, Colorado.

Vicinity Map

Existing Site Conditions

The site lies within the Cherry Creek State Park, owned and operated by the United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) and Colorado Parks and Wildlife (CPW), respectively. The park is within the Cherry Creek Major Drainage Basin, which ultimately drains to the reservoir. The area will remain open space and accessible to the public post-construction. Increases in imperviousness will not have an impact on the major basin due to the site sitting on the shoreline of the downstream receiving waters.

The site generally drains from the east to the west and into the reservoir. The site features a flat top of bank, followed by a steep and degraded bank, and another flat area between the toe of the bank and the mean high water mark (MHWM). There are several habit paths that have been created by repeated pedestrian usage and two concrete staircases on the site to service the shoreline. There are two curb cuts from the parking/access drive to the flat top of bank, as well as two shade shelters at the top of bank for pedestrian usage. Off-site drainage generally enters the site from the curb cuts and the flat top of bank acts to collect sediment and spread the flow out before it runs down the steep and degraded bank.

Existing site vegetation is dense around the southern portion of the shoreline habit path and sparse in most other spots from repeated pedestrian usage and bank degradation. Site photos are included in Appendix B that show existing bank cut and vegetation. Site vegetation will be increased through site improvements that will repair and reseed/replant the eroded bank.

Cherry Creek Reservoir is a Water of the United States (WOTUS) and there are permanent emergent (PEM) and permanent scrub/shrub (PSS) wetlands found around the MHWM of the site. Wetland and WOTUS impacts are minimal and can be found along with site maps showing wetland and WOTUS limits in Appendix C.

Adjacent Areas

The project is bounded by a concrete shoreline access ramp to the southeast that will need to be protected during construction. Field visits to the site discovered undercutting of this path. Group Picnic Area Access road and parking to the east will be used to access the site and for site staging. Sediment and contaminated materials from the construction will be intercepted by perimeter control at the reservoir shoreline. No direct impacts to the swim beach to the north are anticipated, however, alluvial drift within the reservoir would carry any sediment deposited in the reservoir to the north and deposit it on the swim beach.

Soils

The soil information discussed in this section is also included in Appendix A at the end of this report. LRE Water conducted phosphorus testing in conjunction with the Colorado State University Soil, Water and Plant Testing Laboratory to determine the need for erosion repair and armoring at the East Shade Shelters site. All general soil information was obtained through the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) Web Soil Survey (WSS). The soil survey shows the NRCS Soil Classification map for the project area. Sand pits (St) account for the entirety of the site above the MHWM and is classified as a Group A hydrologic soil. The site soil is highly erodible.

Areas and Volumes

Earthwork Activity

Bank Volume

(CY)

Cut 187.50

Fill 159.34

Net 28.16 (CUT)

The cut and fill volumes are approximate, using existing and proposed surfaces to calculate these volumes, based on the footprint of the work area. These volumes have been approved by the USACE through the 408 permitting process.

The total area of disturbance within the work limits (including GESC CMs, grading, and the access roads) is approximately 1.06 acres. No material will be hauled offsite.

Erosion and Sediment Control Measures

The Grading, Erosion, and Sediment Control (GESC) plans depict the initial, interim, and final measures to be employed in the prevention and mitigation of erosion and sediment transport within and from the site during construction as well as final, permanent control measures (CMs) to be installed upon completion of construction. Structural practices consist of construction fence, sediment control log, silt fence, stabilized staging, aggregate bags, tree protection, and vehicle tracking control pads. Initial measures will be installed before earthwork activities begin. Temporary sediment control measures must be periodically cleaned of sediment and/or repaired as necessary for proper function. The Final GESC plans indicate final stabilization measures for the site.

The following text outlines the CMs that must be used during the construction of this project in relation to the GESC of the site. Locations and additional details about the CMs can be found in the GESC Plans. Any changes will need to be approved by Arapahoe County.

Limits of Construction Limits of construction (LOC) have been designated to minimize the area of disturbance from construction activities and to prevent construction activities from straying outside of approved easements. The limits of construction cover a total area of about 1 acres.

Vehicle Tracking Control A Vehicle Tracking Controls (VTC) will be utilized at the entrance to the site/stabilized staging area to limit the transfer of material onto Group Picnic Area Access road. Place VTC along north side of access road.

Construction Fence

The perimeter around the limits of construction is approximately 752 LF. Construction fence (CF) will be used along the perimeter of the project in areas where pedestrians may have access to the construction area. This will ensure public safety and limit additional foot traffic through the site.

Stabilized Staging Area A stabilized staging area (SSA) will be placed in the project area. One SSA will consist of approximately 534 SY on the west end of Group Picnic Area Access road adjacent to concrete pedestrian paths and the top of bank, equipped with a VTC. No material will be required to stabilize the staging area as it will be placed on asphalt. Existing asphalt base shall not be damaged during the construction. These staging areas will provide storage for earthwork activities as well as any equipment or materials for the project. If overnight storage of vehicles is anticipated, catch pans shall be placed under all equipment. Temporary porta-potty facilities should be located at or near the SSA. Porta-potty facilities should be placed on a stable surface and secured to avoid tipping.

Please note that the SSA should not be used for stockpile storage from earthwork activities. A separate stockpile area with control measures must be provided and noted on the GESC plans.

Sediment Control Log A total of approximately 50 LF of sediment control log (SCL) will be placed at five separate concentrated runoff paths at the top of bank throughout the site. This will prevent further degradation of these paths during construction and grading operations taking place on the bank below. SCLs were chosen due to the low flow expected through these concentrated flow paths. If these SCLs do not hold up, alternative control measures will be utilized.

Silt Fence A total of approximately 561 LF of silt fence (SF) will be placed along the shoreline and downstream of any construction activity to prevent sediment and construction pollutants from discharging to the reservoir.

Curb Socks A total of 50 LF of curb sock (CS) will be placed along the curb and gutter along Group Picnic Area Access road, bordering the top of bank. Properly installed curb socks will prevent sediment transfer from offsite and the staging area through the curb cuts and onto the top of bank of the site.

Tree Protection A total of 335 LF of tree protection fencing (TP) will be placed around the site around large, healthy trees meant to be preserved. Tree locations shown on plans are approximate and specific trees to be protected may be revised based on field and construction conditions.

Erosion Control Blanket A total of 299 SY of Erosion Control Blanket (ECB) will be installed from the top of the boulder walls and soil riprap to the top of bank where grading occurs between staircases. Straw ECB will be used to reinforce all disturbed areas with a proposed slope greater than 4H:1V.

Seed and Mulch Seed may be drilled or broadcast over the entire limits of disturbance, except for the on top of hard structures like staircases, riprap, and boulder walls. Project specific seed mixes are provided in the civil construction drawings. Mulch will be placed over the same areas as seed. Seeding and mulching or blanketing the project’s disturbed area will aid in the vegetative recovery of the site. Increased vegetative cover will limit storm runoff and erosion and return the site to pre-project conditions.

Stabilize Exposed Soils in a Timely Manner Disturbed soils will be stabilized by implementing the items described above. In addition, soils will be stabilized by compaction per project specifications as soon as possible to minimize erosion.

Street Sweeping Street sweeping will be implemented on site to clean mud and other debris that is tracked onto any adjacent road, street, or drive near the site. Street sweeping shall be used for incidental tracking and is not to be used as a perimeter CM or as the sole CM.

Any damage from sweeping public streets may require repair to the street and shall be paid for by the Contractor.

Provide Access and General Construction Controls Access control is provided via the construction access points at East Otero Avenue, South Chambers Road, and E Broncos Parkway. Due to the proximity of the construction site to adjacent properties, the Contractor will also be given explicit direction to stay within the designated limits of construction.

Timing/Phasing Schedule

This project is being designed for the Cherry Creek Basin Water Quality Authority. Work is expected to begin in late 2024.

Permanent Stabilization

All areas disturbed by construction activities will be drill or broadcast seeded with seeding specified in the civil construction drawings. Seeded areas will be protected with crimped straw mulch as shown in the GESC plans and details and per the specifications.

Stormwater Management Considerations

Any snowmelt or rain runoff that has been in contact with disturbed areas will be intercepted by structural CMs and treated prior to release to Cherry Creek Reservoir

Maintenance

Inspection and maintenance are key elements of efficient stormwater management.

Regular inspections of the erosion/sediment control features will identify the need to remove accumulated sediment or repair CMs so that they may function properly. In addition, the inspection process is intended to identify any modifications or additions to CMs that are needed to adequately address erosion and sediment control at the site.

Maintenance of the CMs will be the sole responsibility of the Contractor. The Contractor is expected to adhere to the direction of the on-site inspector. On-site inspection will be completed by a representative of Arapahoe County and will occur (1) after installation of any construction CM, (2) after any runoff event that causes erosion, (3) at least once a week and/or (4) in compliance with any special requirements above those outlined in the standard notes and details. Any necessary sediment removal or repairs will occur within 24 hours, or as directed by the on-site inspector. The inspector will document all inspections that are made and will include the reason for inspections and evaluation of construction CMs. Changes to CMs will be documented and modified in the field as instructed. The Engineer is also responsible for approving CM changes and keeping a redline record of approved CM modifications.

Reference

SEMSWA, Centennial, and Arapahoe County GESC Manual Grading, Erosion, and Sediment Control Requirements, May 2018, revised May 2019.

Appendices

A Soils Information B Site Photos C Wetland and WOTUS Information D Engineer’s Cost Estimate E Plan & Report Checklist

55505555

2L3.3

1L3.4

L3.3 L.1

SEE SHEET C-10

SEE SHEET C-9

SEE SHEET C-8

NOTES

1. HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL DESIGN OF PROPOSED METHODS

BASED ON SURVEY BASE, CONTOURS, AND SITE VISITS.

2. ALL PROPOSED EROSION CONTROL METHODS TO BE FIELD

VERIFIED FOR NEED BY THE ENGINEER PRIOR TO CONSTRUCTION.

3. EXISTING GROUND SURFACE FROM SURVEY SHOWN IN PROFILE

ON SHEETS C-5-C-10 IS NOT ENTIRELY REPRESENTATIVE OF

EXISTING SITE CONDITIONS, WHICH MAY LEAD TO

INCONSISTENCIES WHEN VIEWING THE PROPOSED GRADING IN

PROFILE VIEWS.

4. SEE LANDSCAPE SHEETS FOR ASSOCIATED ILLUSTRATIVE

SECTION VIEWS.

5. EXISTING HABIT PATHS NOT NOTED TO BE REMOVED SHALL BE

PROTECTED IN PLACE.

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Test Location #1

Test Location #3

Test Location #2

Cut Section A

Cut Section C

Cut Section B

Approximate Location Area

Approximate Location Area

Approximate Location Area

FS 63.25

FS 53.00

2'-0"

TRAIL

OFFSET

EX GRADE

RE: CIVIL

PROPOSED GRADE

RE: CIVIL

PROPOSED RIP RAP

REGRADED EX HABIT PATH

PROPOSED REVEGETATION

MASSIVE RAIL

EX SHELTER

CRUSHER FINES TRAIL

EX CONCRETE PAD

PROPOSED STAIRCASE

WATERLINE (ELEV 5550')

EX RIP RAP

FS 63.25

FS 53.00

2'-0"

TRAIL

OFFSET

EX GRADE

RE: CIVIL

PROPOSED GRADE

RE: CIVIL

PROPOSED RIP RAP

REGRADED EX HABIT PATH

PROPOSED REVEGETATION

MASSIVE RAIL

EX SHELTER

PROPOSED CRUSHER FINES TRAIL

EX CONCRETE PAD

PROPOSED STAIRCASE

WATERLINE (ELEV 5550')

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EAST SHADE SHELTERS - SECTION A STONE STEP ALTERNATIVE1

SCALE: 3" = 1'-0"

EAST SHADE SHELTERS - SECTION A LOG STEP ALTERNATIVE2

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Test Location #1 (Midway Between Top of Bank and Toe of Slope) Approx Elevation = 5557.50'

FS 52.50

TC 62.50 EX

FS 55.00

2'-0"

TRAIL

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REGRADED EX HABIT PATH

PROPOSED BOULDERS BEYOND

PROPOSED REVEGETATION

EX GRADE

RE: CIVIL

LOG BARRIER

PROPOSED

BIORETENTION

EX VEGETATION

BEYOND

PROPOSED CRUSHER

FINES TRAIL

MASSIVE RAIL

WATERLINE (ELEV 5550')

EX RIP RAP

PROPOSED GRADE

RE: CIVIL

TEMPORARY FENCE

TW 51.50

TC 62.50 EX

PROPOSED BOULDER BULKHEAD

RE: CIVIL

REGRADED EX HABIT PATH

PROPOSED BOULDER

PROPOSED RIP RAP

PROPOSED GRADE

RE: CIVIL

TEMPORARY FENCE

PROPOSED REVEGETATION

MASSIVE RAIL BEYOND

PROPOSED CRUSHER FINES TRAIL

EX VEGETATION

BEYOND

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EX GRADE

RE: CIVIL

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EAST SHADE SHELTERS - SECTION C1

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EAST SHADE SHELTERS - SECTION B2 L3.4

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Test Location #2 (At Toe of Slope) Approx Elevation = 5550.50'

Test Location #3 (Above Top of Bank) Approx Elevation = 5562.00'

X

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SEE SHEET C-5

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TOWER LOOP

NOTES

1. HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL DESIGN OF PROPOSED METHODS

BASED ON SURVEY BASE, CONTOURS, AND SITE VISITS.

2. ALL PROPOSED EROSION CONTROL METHODS TO BE FIELD

VERIFIED FOR NEED BY THE ENGINEER PRIOR TO CONSTRUCTION.

3. EXISTING GROUND SURFACE FROM SURVEY SHOWN IN PROFILE

ON SHEETS C-5-C-10 IS NOT ENTIRELY REPRESENTATIVE OF

EXISTING SITE CONDITIONS, WHICH MAY LEAD TO

INCONSISTENCIES WHEN VIEWING THE PROPOSED GRADING IN

PROFILE VIEWS.

4. SEE LANDSCAPE SHEETS FOR ASSOCIATED ILLUSTRATIVE

SECTION VIEWS.

5. EXISTING HABIT PATHS NOT NOTED TO BE REMOVED SHALL BE

PROTECTED IN PLACE.

Know what's below.

before you dig.Call

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Test Location #2

Test Location #1

Approximate Location Area

Cut Section A

Cut Section C

Cut Section B

Test Location #3

Approximate Location Area is on other side of trail on left side of picture

Approximate Location Area

FS 63.00

2'-0"

TRAIL

OFFSET

PROPOSED GRADE

RE: CIVIL

EX RIP RAP

TRAIL EDGE LOG

REGRADED EX HABIT PATH

EX VEGETATION

MASSIVE RAIL

PROPOSED SHRUBS

REGREADED EX HABIT PATH

TRENCH PACK

RE: CIVIL

WATERLINE (ELEV 5550')

EX GRADE

RE: CIVIL

FS 53.00

TW 55.00 EX

PROPOSED RIP RAP

WATERLINE (ELEV 5550')

EX GRADE

RE: CIVIL

EX BOULDER BULKHEAD

PROPOSED GRADE

RE: CIVIL

REGRADED EX HABIT PATH

EX VEGETATION

PROPOSED RIP RAP

TRENCH PACK

RE: CIVL

REGRADED EX

HABIT PATH

PROPOSED BOULDER

EX VEGETATION

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TOWER LOOP - SECTION A1

SCALE: 3" = 1'-0"

TOWER LOOP - SECTION B2

Test Location #1 (At Toe of Slope) Approx Elevation = 5551.00'

Test Location #2 (Above Top of Bank) Approx Elevation = 5560.00'

TW 52.50

TW 54.00

EX RIP RAP

PROPOSED BOULDER BULKHEAD

RE: CIVIL

PROPOSED GRADE

RE: CIVIL

EX GRADE

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PROPOSED CRUSHER FINES PAD

MASSIVE RAIL

REGRADED EX

HABIT PATH

TRENCH PACK

RE: CIVIL

TEMPORARY FENCE

MASSIVE RAIL

LOG BARRIER

EX TRAIL

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2'-0"

TRAIL

OFFSET

WATERLINE (ELEV 5550')

TEMPORARY FENCE

PROPOSED VEGETATION

PROPOSED BOULDER BULKHEAD

RE: CIVIL

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Test Location #3 (Midway Between Top of Bank and Toe of Slope) Approx Elevation = 5555.00'

Soil, Water and Plant Testing Laboratory

1120 Campus Delivery

Fort Collins, CO 80523-1120

Tel: (970) 491-5061

Email: soiltesting@colostate.edu

LRE Water

1221 Auraria Parkway

Denver, CO 80204

Date Received: 6/23/2023

Date Reported: 7/28/2023

Date Revised: 8/3/2023

2023S1851 ESS Test Location #1 500.0 50.1 70.4 236.3 81.7 44.5 16.6

2023S1852 ESS Test Location #2 500.0 34.0 51.3 214.7 120.9 60.7 18.1

2023S1853 ESS Test Location #3 500.0 9.5 12.8 240.6 177.4 45.8 13.0

2023S1854 TL Test Location #1 500.0 1.4 5.0 272.6 162.7 47.6 8.1

2023S1855 TL Test Location #2 500.0 1.5 1.3 252.5 180.4 55.7 7.8

2023S1856 TL Test Location #3 500.0 0.0 0.5 256.3 170.9 62.6 9.3

2023S1857 ML Sample #1 Basin 500.0 8.9 35.5 319.3 80.6 38.9 16.2

2023S1858 ML Sample #1 Basin 6" 500.0 11.2 58.0 299.5 75.9 33.2 20.9

2023S1859 ML Sample #2 Swale 500.0 32.4 66.2 283.7 66.3 34.1 16.5

2023S1860 ML Sample #3 Native 500.0 17.2 78.5 224.6 61.0 64.2 54.1

2023S1861 LL Sample #4 Basin 500.0 5.0 18.3 192.8 227.4 47.3 9.4

2023S1862 LL Sample #5 Basin 500.0 34.3 73.6 275.9 68.8 34.5 11.3

2023S1863 LL Sample #5 Basin 6" 500.0 6.7 24.6 374.8 72.2 19.4 2.0

2023S1864 LL Sample #6 Native 500.0 7.5 70.2 262.5 63.6 58.4 38.1

2023S1865 ML Swale #2 6" 500.0 13.1 64.7 313.7 64.5 28.8 14.5

2023S1851 ESS Test Location #1 500.0 10.0 14.1 47.3 16.4 8.9 3.3

2023S1852 ESS Test Location #2 500.0 6.8 10.3 43.0 24.2 12.1 3.6

2023S1853 ESS Test Location #3 500.0 1.9 2.6 48.2 35.5 9.2 2.6

2023S1854 TL Test Location #1 500.0 0.3 1.0 54.8 32.7 9.6 1.6

2023S1855 TL Test Location #2 500.0 0.3 0.3 50.6 36.1 11.2 1.6

2023S1856 TL Test Location #3 500.0 0.0 0.1 51.3 34.2 12.5 1.9

2023S1857 ML Sample #1 Basin 500.0 1.8 7.1 64.0 16.1 7.8 3.2

2023S1858 ML Sample #1 Basin 6" 500.0 2.2 11.6 60.1 15.2 6.7 4.2

2023S1859 ML Sample #2 Swale 500.0 6.5 13.3 56.8 13.3 6.8 3.3

2023S1860 ML Sample #3 Native 500.0 3.5 15.7 45.0 12.2 12.9 10.8

2023S1861 LL Sample #4 Basin 500.0 1.0 3.7 38.6 45.5 9.5 1.9

2023S1862 LL Sample #5 Basin 500.0 6.9 14.8 55.4 13.8 6.9 2.3

2023S1863 LL Sample #5 Basin 6" 500.0 1.3 4.9 75.0 14.5 3.9 0.4

2023S1864 LL Sample #6 Native 500.0 1.5 14.0 52.5 12.7 11.7 7.6

2023S1865 ML Swale #2 6" 500.0 2.6 13.0 62.8 12.9 5.8 2.9

2023S1851 ESS Test Location #1 917.7 159.6 631.1 655.8 419.8 632.3 700.8

2023S1852 ESS Test Location #2 439.2 220.7 327.5 445.5 232.8 378.1 496.3

2023S1853 ESS Test Location #3 258.3 45.2 397.2 378.6 213.1 414.6 550.4

2023S1854 TL Test Location #1 122.2 425.3 921.5 79.9 84.8 171.7 508.7

2023S1855 TL Test Location #2 218.8 272.9 228.0 160.4 135.7 215.4 460.4

2023S1856 TL Test Location #3 115.8 ** 295.0 131.3 103.3 229.0 480.3

2023S1857 ML Sample #1 Basin 349.3

2023S1858 ML Sample #1 Basin 6" 426.9

2023S1859 ML Sample #2 Swale 371.9

2023S1860 ML Sample #3 Native 193.7

2023S1861 LL Sample #4 Basin 533.5

2023S1862 LL Sample #5 Basin 325.3

2023S1863 LL Sample #5 Basin 6" 226.0

2023S1864 LL Sample #6 Native 548.8

2023S1865 ML Swale #2 6" 370.9

** No Fraction

<0.075 mmSample Weight

(g)

4.75-2 mm 2-0.425 mm>4.75mm c/o Erin Stewart

Lab ID Sample ID Depth Sample Weight

(g)

>4.75mm

--------------------------------------------------------------- g -------------------------------------------------------------

<0.075 mm

Lab ID Sample ID Depth Composite >4.75mm

Total P

0.425-0.212 mm 0.212-0.075 mm

4.75-2 mm 2-0.425 mm 0.425-0.212 mm 0.212-0.075 mm

Lab ID Sample ID Depth

------------------------------------------------------------------------------- mg/Kg-----------------------------------------------------------------------

4.75-2 mm 2-0.425 mm 0.425-0.212 mm 0.212-0.075 mm <0.075 mm

Department of Soil and Crop Sciences

United States Department of Agriculture

A product of the National Cooperative Soil Survey, a joint effort of the United States Department of Agriculture and other Federal agencies, State agencies including the Agricultural Experiment Stations, and local participants

Custom Soil Resource Report for

Arapahoe County, Colorado

Natural Resources Conservation Service

June 4, 2024

Preface Soil surveys contain information that affects land use planning in survey areas.

They highlight soil limitations that affect various land uses and provide information about the properties of the soils in the survey areas. Soil surveys are designed for many different users, including farmers, ranchers, foresters, agronomists, urban planners, community officials, engineers, developers, builders, and home buyers.

Also, conservationists, teachers, students, and specialists in recreation, waste disposal, and pollution control can use the surveys to help them understand, protect, or enhance the environment.

Various land use regulations of Federal, State, and local governments may impose special restrictions on land use or land treatment. Soil surveys identify soil properties that are used in making various land use or land treatment decisions.

The information is intended to help the land users identify and reduce the effects of soil limitations on various land uses. The landowner or user is responsible for identifying and complying with existing laws and regulations.

Although soil survey information can be used for general farm, local, and wider area planning, onsite investigation is needed to supplement this information in some cases. Examples include soil quality assessments (http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/ portal/nrcs/main/soils/health/) and certain conservation and engineering applications. For more detailed information, contact your local USDA Service Center (https://offices.sc.egov.usda.gov/locator/app?agency=nrcs) or your NRCS State Soil Scientist (http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/soils/contactus/?

cid=nrcs142p2_053951).

Great differences in soil properties can occur within short distances. Some soils are seasonally wet or subject to flooding. Some are too unstable to be used as a foundation for buildings or roads. Clayey or wet soils are poorly suited to use as septic tank absorption fields. A high water table makes a soil poorly suited to basements or underground installations.

The National Cooperative Soil Survey is a joint effort of the United States Department of Agriculture and other Federal agencies, State agencies including the Agricultural Experiment Stations, and local agencies. The Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) has leadership for the Federal part of the National Cooperative Soil Survey.

Information about soils is updated periodically. Updated information is available through the NRCS Web Soil Survey, the site for official soil survey information.

The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or a part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/main/soils/health/ http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/main/soils/health/ https://offices.sc.egov.usda.gov/locator/app?agency=nrcs http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/soils/contactus/?cid=nrcs142p2_053951 http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/soils/contactus/?cid=nrcs142p2_053951 alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA's TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410 or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

Contents Preface How Soil Surveys Are Made Soil Map

Soil Map Legend Map Unit Legend Map Unit Descriptions

Arapahoe County, Colorado St—Sand pits W—Water

References

How Soil Surveys Are Made Soil surveys are made to provide information about the soils and miscellaneous areas in a specific area. They include a description of the soils and miscellaneous areas and their location on the landscape and tables that show soil properties and limitations affecting various uses. Soil scientists observed the steepness, length, and shape of the slopes; the general pattern of drainage; the kinds of crops and native plants; and the kinds of bedrock. They observed and described many soil profiles. A soil profile is the sequence of natural layers, or horizons, in a soil. The profile extends from the surface down into the unconsolidated material in which the soil formed or from the surface down to bedrock. The unconsolidated material is devoid of roots and other living organisms and has not been changed by other biological activity.

Currently, soils are mapped according to the boundaries of major land resource areas (MLRAs). MLRAs are geographically associated land resource units that share common characteristics related to physiography, geology, climate, water resources, soils, biological resources, and land uses (USDA, 2006). Soil survey areas typically consist of parts of one or more MLRA.

The soils and miscellaneous areas in a survey area occur in an orderly pattern that is related to the geology, landforms, relief, climate, and natural vegetation of the area. Each kind of soil and miscellaneous area is associated with a particular kind of landform or with a segment of the landform. By observing the soils and miscellaneous areas in the survey area and relating their position to specific segments of the landform, a soil scientist develops a concept, or model, of how they were formed. Thus, during mapping, this model enables the soil scientist to predict with a considerable degree of accuracy the kind of soil or miscellaneous area at a specific location on the landscape.

Commonly, individual soils on the landscape merge into one another as their characteristics gradually change. To construct an accurate soil map, however, soil scientists must determine the boundaries between the soils. They can observe only a limited number of soil profiles. Nevertheless, these observations, supplemented by an understanding of the soil-vegetation-landscape relationship, are sufficient to verify predictions of the kinds of soil in an area and to determine the boundaries.

Soil scientists recorded the characteristics of the soil profiles that they studied. They noted soil color, texture, size and shape of soil aggregates, kind and amount of rock fragments, distribution of plant roots, reaction, and other features that enable them to identify soils. After describing the soils in the survey area and determining their properties, the soil scientists assigned the soils to taxonomic classes (units).

Taxonomic classes are concepts. Each taxonomic class has a set of soil characteristics with precisely defined limits. The classes are used as a basis for comparison to classify soils systematically. Soil taxonomy, the system of taxonomic classification used in the United States, is based mainly on the kind and character of soil properties and the arrangement of horizons within the profile. After the soil scientists classified and named the soils in the survey area, they compared the individual soils with similar soils in the same taxonomic class in other areas so that they could confirm data and assemble additional data based on experience and research.

The objective of soil mapping is not to delineate pure map unit components; the objective is to separate the landscape into landforms or landform segments that have similar use and management requirements. Each map unit is defined by a unique combination of soil components and/or miscellaneous areas in predictable proportions. Some components may be highly contrasting to the other components of the map unit. The presence of minor components in a map unit in no way diminishes the usefulness or accuracy of the data. The delineation of such landforms and landform segments on the map provides sufficient information for the development of resource plans. If intensive use of small areas is planned, onsite investigation is needed to define and locate the soils and miscellaneous areas.

Soil scientists make many field observations in the process of producing a soil map.

The frequency of observation is dependent upon several factors, including scale of mapping, intensity of mapping, design of map units, complexity of the landscape, and experience of the soil scientist. Observations are made to test and refine the soil-landscape model and predictions and to verify the classification of the soils at specific locations. Once the soil-landscape model is refined, a significantly smaller number of measurements of individual soil properties are made and recorded.

These measurements may include field measurements, such as those for color, depth to bedrock, and texture, and laboratory measurements, such as those for content of sand, silt, clay, salt, and other components. Properties of each soil typically vary from one point to another across the landscape.

Observations for map unit components are aggregated to develop ranges of characteristics for the components. The aggregated values are presented. Direct measurements do not exist for every property presented for every map unit component. Values for some properties are estimated from combinations of other properties.

While a soil survey is in progress, samples of some of the soils in the area generally are collected for laboratory analyses and for engineering tests. Soil scientists interpret the data from these analyses and tests as well as the field-observed characteristics and the soil properties to determine the expected behavior of the soils under different uses. Interpretations for all of the soils are field tested through observation of the soils in different uses and under different levels of management.

Some interpretations are modified to fit local conditions, and some new interpretations are developed to meet local needs. Data are assembled from other sources, such as research information, production records, and field experience of specialists. For example, data on crop yields under defined levels of management are assembled from farm records and from field or plot experiments on the same kinds of soil.

Predictions about soil behavior are based not only on soil properties but also on such variables as climate and biological activity. Soil conditions are predictable over long periods of time, but they are not predictable from year to year. For example, soil scientists can predict with a fairly high degree of accuracy that a given soil will have a high water table within certain depths in most years, but they cannot predict that a high water table will always be at a specific level in the soil on a specific date.

After soil scientists located and identified the significant natural bodies of soil in the survey area, they drew the boundaries of these bodies on aerial photographs and

Custom Soil Resource Report identified each as a specific map unit. Aerial photographs show trees, buildings, fields, roads, and rivers, all of which help in locating boundaries accurately.

Soil Map The soil map section includes the soil map for the defined area of interest, a list of soil map units on the map and extent of each map unit, and cartographic symbols displayed on the map. Also presented are various metadata about data used to produce the map, and a description of each soil map unit.

Soil Map

513040 513060 513080 513100 513120 513140 513160

513040 513060 513080 513100 513120 513140 513160

39° 38' 37'' N

4°

0'

3' ' W

39° 38' 37'' N

4°

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7'

' W

39° 38' 31'' N

4°

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' W

39° 38' 31'' N

4°

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7'

' W

N

Map projection: Web Mercator Corner coordinates: WGS84 Edge tics: UTM Zone 13N WGS84 0 40 80 160 240

Feet 0 10 20 40 60

Meters Map Scale: 1:832 if printed on A portrait (8.5" x 11") sheet.

Soil Map may not be valid at this scale.

MAP LEGEND MAP INFORMATION

Area of Interest (AOI) Area of Interest (AOI)

Soils Soil Map Unit Polygons

Soil Map Unit Lines

Soil Map Unit Points

Special Point Features Blowout

Borrow Pit

Clay Spot

Closed Depression

Gravel Pit

Gravelly Spot

Landfill

Lava Flow

Marsh or swamp

Mine or Quarry

Miscellaneous Water

Perennial Water

Rock Outcrop

Saline Spot

Sandy Spot

Severely Eroded Spot

Sinkhole

Slide or Slip

Sodic Spot

Spoil Area

Stony Spot

Very Stony Spot

Wet Spot

Other

Special Line Features

Water Features Streams and Canals

Transportation Rails

Interstate Highways

US Routes

Major Roads

Local Roads

Background Aerial Photography

The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at 1:20,000.

Warning: Soil Map may not be valid at this scale.

Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil line placement. The maps do not show the small areas of contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed scale.

Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for map measurements.

Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service Web Soil Survey URL:

Coordinate System: Web Mercator (EPSG:3857)

Maps from the Web Soil Survey are based on the Web Mercator projection, which preserves direction and shape but distorts distance and area. A projection that preserves area, such as the Albers equal-area conic projection, should be used if more accurate calculations of distance or area are required.

This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as of the version date(s) listed below.

Soil Survey Area: Arapahoe County, Colorado Survey Area Data: Version 19, Aug 24, 2023

Soil map units are labeled (as space allows) for map scales 1:50,000 or larger.

Date(s) aerial images were photographed: Mar 1, 2023—Sep 1, The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were compiled and digitized probably differs from the background imagery displayed on these maps. As a result, some minor shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident.

Map Unit Legend

Map Unit Symbol Map Unit Name Acres in AOI Percent of AOI

St Sand pits 0.7 69.4%

W Water 0.3 30.6%

Totals for Area of Interest 1.0 100.0%

Map Unit Descriptions The map units delineated on the detailed soil maps in a soil survey represent the soils or miscellaneous areas in the survey area. The map unit descriptions, along with the maps, can be used to determine the composition and properties of a unit.

A map unit delineation on a soil map represents an area dominated by one or more major kinds of soil or miscellaneous areas. A map unit is identified and named according to the taxonomic classification of the dominant soils. Within a taxonomic class there are precisely defined limits for the properties of the soils. On the landscape, however, the soils are natural phenomena, and they have the characteristic variability of all natural phenomena. Thus, the range of some observed properties may extend beyond the limits defined for a taxonomic class.

Areas of soils of a single taxonomic class rarely, if ever, can be mapped without including areas of other taxonomic classes. Consequently, every map unit is made up of the soils or miscellaneous areas for which it is named and some minor components that belong to taxonomic classes other than those of the major soils.

Most minor soils have properties similar to those of the dominant soil or soils in the map unit, and thus they do not affect use and management. These are called noncontrasting, or similar, components. They may or may not be mentioned in a particular map unit description. Other minor components, however, have properties and behavioral characteristics divergent enough to affect use or to require different management. These are called contrasting, or dissimilar, components. They generally are in small areas and could not be mapped separately because of the scale used. Some small areas of strongly contrasting soils or miscellaneous areas are identified by a special symbol on the maps. If included in the database for a given area, the contrasting minor components are identified in the map unit descriptions along with some characteristics of each. A few areas of minor components may not have been observed, and consequently they are not mentioned in the descriptions, especially where the pattern was so complex that it was impractical to make enough observations to identify all the soils and miscellaneous areas on the landscape.

The presence of minor components in a map unit in no way diminishes the usefulness or accuracy of the data. The objective of mapping is not to delineate pure taxonomic classes but rather to separate the landscape into landforms or landform segments that have similar use and management requirements. The delineation of such segments on the map provides sufficient information for the development of resource plans. If intensive use of small areas is planned, however, onsite investigation is needed to define and locate the soils and miscellaneous areas.

An identifying symbol precedes the map unit name in the map unit descriptions.

Each description includes general facts about the unit and gives important soil properties and qualities.

Soils that have profiles that are almost alike make up a soil series. Except for differences in texture of the surface layer, all the soils of a series have major horizons that are similar in composition, thickness, and arrangement.

Soils of one series can differ in texture of the surface layer, slope, stoniness, salinity, degree of erosion, and other characteristics that affect their use. On the basis of such differences, a soil series is divided into soil phases. Most of the areas shown on the detailed soil maps are phases of soil series. The name of a soil phase commonly indicates a feature that affects use or management. For example, Alpha silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is a phase of the Alpha series.

Some map units are made up of two or more major soils or miscellaneous areas.

These map units are complexes, associations, or undifferentiated groups.

A complex consists of two or more soils or miscellaneous areas in such an intricate pattern or in such small areas that they cannot be shown separately on the maps.

The pattern and proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat similar in all areas. Alpha-Beta complex, 0 to 6 percent slopes, is an example.

An association is made up of two or more geographically associated soils or miscellaneous areas that are shown as one unit on the maps. Because of present or anticipated uses of the map units in the survey area, it was not considered practical or necessary to map the soils or miscellaneous areas separately. The pattern and relative proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat similar. Alpha-Beta association, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is an example.

An undifferentiated group is made up of two or more soils or miscellaneous areas that could be mapped individually but are mapped as one unit because similar interpretations can be made for use and management. The pattern and proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas in a mapped area are not uniform. An area can be made up of only one of the major soils or miscellaneous areas, or it can be made up of all of them. Alpha and Beta soils, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is an example.

Some surveys include miscellaneous areas. Such areas have little or no soil material and support little or no vegetation. Rock outcrop is an example.

Arapahoe County, Colorado

St—Sand pits

Map Unit Composition Sand pits: 80 percent Minor components: 20 percent Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.

Description of Sand Pits

Setting Microfeatures of landform position: Sand boils Down-slope shape: Linear Across-slope shape: Linear Parent material: Sand pits sandy

Typical profile H1 - 0 to 10 inches: sand H2 - 10 to 60 inches: sand

Interpretive groups Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 8s Hydrologic Soil Group: A Hydric soil rating: No

Minor Components

Water Percent of map unit: 15 percent Hydric soil rating: No

Aquolls Percent of map unit: 5 percent Landform: Marshes Hydric soil rating: Yes

W—Water

Map Unit Composition Water: 100 percent Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.

References American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO).

2004. Standard specifications for transportation materials and methods of sampling and testing. 24th edition.

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). 2005. Standard classification of soils for engineering purposes. ASTM Standard D2487-00.

Cowardin, L.M., V. Carter, F.C. Golet, and E.T. LaRoe. 1979. Classification of wetlands and deep-water habitats of the United States. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service FWS/OBS-79/31.

Federal Register. July 13, 1994. Changes in hydric soils of the United States.

Federal Register. September 18, 2002. Hydric soils of the United States.

Hurt, G.W., and L.M. Vasilas, editors. Version 6.0, 2006. Field indicators of hydric soils in the United States.

National Research Council. 1995. Wetlands: Characteristics and boundaries.

Soil Survey Division Staff. 1993. Soil survey manual. Soil Conservation Service.

U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 18. http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/ nrcs/detail/national/soils/?cid=nrcs142p2_054262

Soil Survey Staff. 1999. Soil taxonomy: A basic system of soil classification for making and interpreting soil surveys. 2nd edition. Natural Resources Conservation Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 436. http:// www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/soils/?cid=nrcs142p2_053577

Soil Survey Staff. 2010. Keys to soil taxonomy. 11th edition. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. http:// www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/soils/?cid=nrcs142p2_053580

Tiner, R.W., Jr. 1985. Wetlands of Delaware. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control, Wetlands Section.

United States Army Corps of Engineers, Environmental Laboratory. 1987. Corps of Engineers wetlands delineation manual. Waterways Experiment Station Technical Report Y-87-1.

United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.

National forestry manual. http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/soils/ home/?cid=nrcs142p2_053374

United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.

National range and pasture handbook. http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/ detail/national/landuse/rangepasture/?cid=stelprdb1043084 http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/soils/?cid=nrcs142p2_054262 http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/soils/?cid=nrcs142p2_054262 http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/soils/?cid=nrcs142p2_053577…