The National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) awarded a $250,931 Project Grant under the Oral Diseases and Disorders Research program (CFDA 93.121) to Children's Mercy Hospital in Kansas City, Missouri. The grant will fund the development and validation of a novel diagnostic modality that integrates dynamic computed tomography (4D-CT) with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis to quantify upper airway obstruction in patients with Robin sequence, a congenital...
This Project Grant award of $466,500, provided by the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (CFDA 93.837 - Cardiovascular Diseases Research) to the University of Washington, aims to develop a novel diagnostic pipeline leveraging computer vision and computational fluid dynamics to accurately quantify stenosis morphology and respiratory effort in pediatric subglottic stenosis (SGS) patients. The pipeline will reconstruct 3D airway anatomy from standard endoscopy and compute airflow parameters,...
This federal Project Grant award from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), under CFDA Program 93.837 - Cardiovascular Diseases Research, provides $180,174 to The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) to develop a framework for designing the next generation of pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) clinical trials. The key objectives of this 5-year project are to: 1) compare heterogeneity of treatment effect analysis methodologies in a pediatric ARDS...
This Project Grant award, ID R21EB036775, was provided by the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB) under the federal grant program "Discovery and Applied Research for Technological Innovations to Improve Human Health" (CFDA 93.286). The $222,500 award aims to establish new research tools and protocols to advance the design process for airway stents, which are a minimally invasive treatment for tracheobronchomalacia - a rare disease involving excessive...
This Project Grant award from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (CFDA 93.837 - Cardiovascular Diseases Research) provides $772,400.00 to The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia to develop decellularized cartilage and progenitor cells for laryngotracheal reconstruction. The project aims to address severe subglottic stenosis, a narrowing of the airway below the vocal folds that commonly develops in premature infants following intubation. The research seeks to engineer functional...
This Project Grant award from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), under the Child Health and Human Development Extramural Research program (CFDA 93.865), is funding the development of a nanofiber patch for the treatment of pediatric tracheal stenosis, a life-threatening condition involving airway narrowing. The $154,000 award to Colorado State University aims to create a synthetic trachea patch that can maintain airway patency and regenerate cartilage-like...
The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) awarded a $773,916 Project Grant under the Cardiovascular Diseases Research program (CFDA 93.837) to the Children's Hospital Medical Center in Cincinnati, Ohio. The 5-year grant, which runs from August 2024 to June 2029, aims to create and validate a tool to calculate the contribution of each phenotype of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) to elevated breathing effort, known as the work of breathing (WOB), in premature neonates. The research...
The National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) awarded a $550,810 Project Grant (CFDA 93.121 - Oral Diseases and Disorders Research) to Vanderbilt University Medical Center to create the Human Craniosynostosis Atlas (HUCA). The project aims to standardize data acquisition protocols and establish a public repository of comprehensive CT, MRI, and genomic data for characterizing all types of craniosynostosis, a premature fusion of the cranial sutures affecting 1 in 2,000...
The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) awarded a $873,736 project grant under the Cardiovascular Diseases Research program (CFDA 93.837) to Children's Hospital Los Angeles (CHLA) to study risk stratification markers for pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The project aims to validate the use of the end tidal alveolar dead space fraction (AVDSF) as a superior marker for mortality risk compared to oxygenation index (OI), as well as determine if AVDSF can identify...
This federal Project Grant award from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), under the Cardiovascular Diseases Research program (CFDA 93.837), provides $657,308 to The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) to conduct research on the CXCL12 signaling axis and its role in pulmonary arterial heterogeneity, development, and disease. The key objectives of this 12-month project are to: 1) define the spatiotemporal role of CXCL12 signaling in pulmonary vascular development, 2)...
A PEDIATRIC ATLAS OF UPPER AIRWAY SHAPE - ABSTRACT AIRWAY ABNORMALITIES IN CHILDREN, SUCH AS SUBGLOTTIC STENOSIS (SGS) AND ROBIN SEQUENCE (PRS), MAY RESULT IN BREATHING DIFFICULTIES, RISK OF RECURRENT INFECTIONS, HYPOXIA, RESPIRATORY INSUFFICIENCY, LIFE-THREATENING EVENTS, AND LONG-TERM MORBIDITY. IN CHILDREN WITH AIRWAY ABNORMALITIES, A MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH TO CARE INVOLVES SELECTION FROM A VARIETY OF MEDICAL AND SURGICAL INTERVENTIONS. THERAPY IS TYPICALLY DIRECTED BY THE CLINICIAN'S EXPERIENCE AND PREFERENCE, RATHER THAN BASED ON NORMALIZED, QUANTITATIVE PHYSIOLOGIC AND ANATOMIC METRICS. STATIC COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (CT), DYNAMIC CT, AND BRONCHOSCOPY HAVE BEEN CONSIDERED FOR QUANTITATIVE DIAGNOSIS AND ASSESSMENT. HOWEVER, QUANTITATIVE MEASURES OF WHAT CONSTITUTES NORMAL AIRWAY GEOMETRY AND HOW NORMAL AIRWAY GEOMETRY CHANGES WITH RESPECT TO AGE, WEIGHT, AND SEX ARE LACKING. SUCH NORMATIVE MEASURES CAN BE USED TO SCORE THE DEGREE OF AIRWAY ABNORMALITY, DEFINE THRESHOLDS FOR ABNORMALITY, AND BETTER UNDERSTAND SURGICAL INTERVENTIONS' IMPACT. IN PREVIOUS WORK, WE DEVELOPED THE PEDIATRIC AIRWAY ATLAS TO PROVIDE SPATIALLY LOCALIZED NORMATIVE MEASURES FOR UPPER AIRWAY CROSS-SECTIONAL AREAS IN CHILDREN DERIVED FROM A POPULATION OF STATIC 3D CT IMAGES. THE GOAL OF THE PROPOSED STUDY IS TO BUILD UPON OUR DATABASE OF 3D CT IMAGES AND ASSOCIATED CLINICAL MEASURES TO DEVELOP THE COMPUTATIONAL METHODOLOGY FOR A PEDIATRIC AIRWAY SHAPE ATLAS (PASA), WHICH WILL MODEL THE UPPER AIRWAY AS A 3D SHAPE INSTEAD OF RESTRICTING AIRWAY CHARACTERIZATION TO CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA ONLY. THE PASA WILL ALLOW FOR A COMPREHENSIVE CHARACTERIZATION OF 3D GEOMETRY. SPECIFICALLY, THE CORE OF THE PASA WILL BE A NEW, INNOVATIVE NEURAL ADDITIVE SHAPE MODEL THAT IS DESIGNED TO ALLOW FOR INTERPRETABLE RESULTS, CAPTURES THE EFFECTS OF RELEVANT COVARIATES (SUCH AS AGE, SEX, AND WEIGHT), AND ALLOWS WITHIN THE SAME FRAMEWORK TO PREDICT LIKELY AIRWAY CHANGES OVER TIME FOR INDIVIDUALS THEREBY PROVIDING A MEANS TO QUANTIFY THE EFFECT OF SURGICAL INTERVENTIONS ON 3D AIRWAY GEOMETRY. OUR APPROACH WILL PROVIDE IMPROVED, NON-INVASIVE QUANTIFICATION OF AIRWAY ABNORMALITIES. AUTOMATED DATA ANALYSIS WILL ALLOW FOR RAPID REFINEMENT OF ATLAS-BASED ANALYSES AND WILL GREATLY SIMPLIFY USE BY OTHER RESEARCH AND CLINICAL GROUPS. THE RESULTING SOFTWARE WILL BE OPEN-SOURCE. FURTHERMORE, THE NEW METHODOLOGIES DEVELOPED WILL BE BROADLY APPLICABLE TO MULTIPLE, COMMON CAUSES OF AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION IN CHILDREN AND ADULTS.