Federal Grant Award Summary

The National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) awarded UCLA a $449,886 Project Grant under the Oral Diseases and Disorders Research program (CFDA 93.121) beginning March 1, 2026, and concluding February 28, 2031. This five-year research initiative focuses on understanding the molecular mechanisms by which the MSX1 (MSH Homeobox 1) gene regulates early mandibular morphogenesis and craniofacial development. The research addresses the critical public health need to prevent and treat craniofacial anomalies, which are among the most common congenital conditions affecting patient health and quality of life.

The research deliverables are organized across three primary aims designed to advance understanding of MSX1 function in mandibular development. Through Aim 1, the project will identify direct transcriptional targets of MSX1 and establish spatial transcriptomic changes following MSX1 deletion using MSX1 null mouse embryos. Aim 2 will map spatial protein distributions and cellular mechanisms related to cell-cell adhesion, cell movement, and tissue mechanics. The research combines molecular, cellular, and biomechanical approaches to elucidate previously unappreciated mechanisms linking MSX1-mediated patterning to cell-cell interactions, mitochondrial metabolism, and tissue mechanical properties that drive mandibular elongation. These findings are expected to advance fundamental knowledge applicable to preventing and treating craniofacial birth defects in human populations.